by Ian W. Toll
Marine Aircraft Group 23 in, 70–71
McCain and, 102–3, 124–25
pilot fatigue in, 125, 130, 136–37, 156
scouting patrols in, 103–4
Ugaki and, 121
U.S. fuel shortages in, 133, 140
U.S. reinforcements for, 102–3, 135
Guadalcanal Diary (Tregaskis), 97
Guadalcanal Island, xviii, xix, xxiv, 13, 14, 19, 22, 23–24, 26, 27, 49, 60, 108, 514
Carney Field on, 190
geography of, xxvii–xxviii, 34–35
Henderson Field on, see Henderson Field
“Hotel De Gink” on, 190
I-Go aerial attack on, 203
Japanese landing on, xxviii–xxix
Japanese withdrawal from, 444
Lever Brothers plantation on, 64
Tatvu Point in, 105
unfinished Japanese airstrip on, xxix, xxxi, 24, 25, 35, 37
“Guadalcanal twitch,” 63
Guam Island, 13, 307, 437, 438, 441, 451, 456, 458, 459, 461, 462, 467, 470, 474, 478, 497–98, 506, 511–12, 516–19, 530
American personnel on, 520
CINCPAC on, 519–20
Japanese holdouts on, 521–22
landing on, 512–13
naval bombardment of, 511–12
rebuilding of, 517–21
Guimaras Strait, 456
Gwin, USS, 169–70
HAILSTONE, Operation, see Truk Atoll, carrier raid on
Hale, Willis H., 7, 434
Haley, Alex, 211
Halsey, William F., Jr., 7, 125n, 168, 172, 240, 261, 317, 324, 340, 399, 420, 440, 515
Admiralty Islands offensive and, 223–24
anti-Japanese rhetoric of, 146, 159, 194–95
appointed COMSOPAC, 144, 145
atomic bombing of Japan criticized by, 195
Bougainville assault and, 236
CARTWHEEL and, 224
chain of command and, 220
and death of Yamamoto, 204–5
“Dirty Tricks Department” of, 232, 235
Guadalcanal campaign and, 183, 184, 185, 186
Guadalcanal trip of, 159–60
interservice rivalry detested by, 199
leadership qualities of, 197–98
MacArthur’s relationship with, 221–22
press and, 194, 197
in rash prediction of war’s end, 197
“rough brush” style of, 145
Solomons offensive and, 313
transfer of forces to central Pacific opposed by, 313
Hampton, Woodward M., 409–10
Hanks, Ralph, 368, 371
Hara, Tameichi, 150, 154, 181, 188, 234
Harder, USS, 453
Hardison, Osborne B., 152
Harmon, Millard F., 125, 134
Harper, John A., 494, 496
Harrill, William K., 463, 472–73, 478
Hart, Thomas C., 255
Haruna, 122, 137–38, 491
Hashimoto, Shintaro, 184
Hata, Shoryu, 527
Hatanaka, Shigeo, 528–29
Hawaii:
CINCPAC headquarters in, 297–98
defense workers in, 292–93, 295–96
interracial dating and marriages in, 296
Pacific War as gold rush for, 293–94
servicemen in, 296
USO clubs in, 294–95
Hawkins, William D., 355
Hawkins Field, 355
Hayanami, 453
headhunting, xviii, 191
Hearst, William Randolph, 87, 94, 366
Hedding, Truman J., 341, 369, 370, 372, 390, 436, 476, 489
Helena, USS, 155, 163, 165, 166, 255
Henderson Field, 62, 64, 65, 70–72, 75, 76, 80, 82, 83, 147, 156, 166, 175, 179, 189, 190, 203, 205, 353
Air Control at, 99–100
as AIRSOLS headquarters, 222
Japanese bombing of, 63, 78, 98–100, 105, 133, 135, 138, 156, 183
Japanese failure to recapture, 120
Japanese snipers at, 98
Japanese strafing of, 101–2, 135
naval bombardment of, 98, 122, 135, 137–39, 155, 167
primitive conditions at, 72
race to finish, 69–70
upgrading of, 103
Henderson, Lofton R., 63
Henkel, 427
Hepburn, Arthur J., 56–57
Hersey, John, 97
Hiei, 69, 416
in Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, 163–65
sinking of, 166
Higgins, Andrew, 317
Higgins boats (LCVPs), 335, 347, 348–49, 391
Hill, Harry W., 55, 338, 343, 361, 362, 365, 398, 399, 400
in Tarawa assault, 333–34, 346–47
Hirohito, Emperor of Japan, 195, 417, 530, 531, 538
decisive fleet battle urged by, 417–18
Guadalcanal campaign and, 122
and Guadalcanal withdrawal, 182
and possible peace overtures, 536
public appearances of, 113–14
Tojo and, 422–23
Hiroshima, atomic bombing of, 195
Hiryu, 9
Hitler, Adolf, 11, 95
Hiyo, 419, 428, 491, 530
Hobart, HMAS, 43
Hogan, Thomas W., 453
Hokkaido, 226
Holland, F. L. G., 322
Hollandia, New Guinea, 242, 441, 453
Holmes, Jasper, 203
Holtz Bay, Attu, 230
Honolulu, Hawaii, servicemen and defense workers in, 292–93
Hoover, Gilbert, 166
Hoover, John H., 333, 389, 434, 517
Hopkins, Harry, 92, 94, 95, 128
Horaniu, Vella Lavella, 234
Horikoshi, Jiro, 424, 426
Hori, Teikichi, 416
Hornet, USS (CV-8), 7, 21, 59, 83, 103, 107, 108, 109, 110–11, 127, 146, 150
sinking of, 150–51, 154, 158
Hornet, USS (CV-12), 201, 301, 327, 383, 387, 478, 493
Hosogaya, Boshiro, 225, 227, 229
“Hotel De Gink,” 190
Hoyo Maru, 407
Hull, 22
Hunters Point, San Francisco, 246
Huon Gulf, 239
Huon Peninsula, New Guinea, 239
Hurlbut, James, 35, 98
Hyakutake, Harukichi, 133, 224
Hynes, Samuel, 293, 304–5
I-19 (Japanese submarine), 110–11
I-26 (Japanese submarine), 108
Ichiki, Kiyonao, 72, 74, 104
I-Go, Operation, 202–3
Ijuin, Matsuji, 234
Ilu River, 34, 35, 65
Imamura, Hitoshi, 179, 181, 224
Imperial General Headquarters (IGHQ), 67, 122, 174, 181, 187, 227, 346, 421, 454, 530
press releases from, 527–28
U.S. losses on Savo Island inflated by, 67
Imperial General Staff, British, 307
Imperial Japanese Army:
banzai charge as main tactic of, 106–7
Imperial Navy’s rivalry with, 6, 179–80, 181–82, 188, 534
kodo faction of, 533–34
as unconcerned about U.S. Solomon campaign, 68
Imperial Japanese Navy, 9, 174, 236, 385, 404, 461, 514
A-Go battle plan of, 447, 449, 451, 454
aircraft of, xxii
antisubmarine warfare ignored by, 282–83
battleship strategy of, 119–20
captured war plans of, 446
crude oil employed as fuel for, 449, 451
“decisive fleet battle” strategy of, 415–16, 429, 449, 450
fuel shortages of, 416
fuel supply problems of, 121, 201
Imperial Army’s rivalry with, 6, 179–80, 181–82, 188, 534
importance of airpower and submarines downplayed by, 416
loss of “face” and chain-of-command in, 447
night-combat expertise of, 41–42
pilot exhaustion discounted by, 430
pilot training progr
am of, 428–32
possibility of Marianas fleet battle discounted by, 449
shuttle-bombing tactic of, 451–52, 470
Yokaren program of, 430, 431–32
Inazuma, 453
Independence, USS (CVL-22), 301, 370
Indiana, 480
Indianapolis, USS, 245, 339, 343, 344, 458, 471, 500, 513
Indispensable Strait, 147
Inland Sea, 69, 75, 120, 419, 531
Instructions for American Servicemen in Australia, 209–10, 213
International News Service, 97
Intrepid, 405, 412, 413
Iowa-class battleships, 386–87, 410
Ironbottom Sound (Savo Sound), xxiv, xxix, xxxi, 19, 25, 31, 34, 35, 41, 43, 49, 50–51, 52, 55, 63, 67, 68, 69, 72, 98, 101, 102, 104, 107, 132, 133, 134–35, 137–38, 155, 160, 161, 165, 174, 176, 178, 183, 189, 243, 261
Ishida, Sumio, 541
Ishida, Yahachi, 184–85
isolationism, 87, 88
Italy, capitulation of, 444
Iwakuni Naval Air Station, 423
Iwo Jima, 440, 449, 463, 531
Izumi, Toru, 524
Jackson, Robert H., 85
Jaluit Atoll, 368, 384, 385
Japan:
aircraft production in, 423–25
black market in, 539, 540, 541
class antagonisms in, 540
conscription of labor in, 445–46
contrast of old and new in, 113
cremated remains of soldiers returned to, 523–25
critical lack of oil reserves in, 284–85
“dark valley” period in (1930–45), 117
declining steel production in, 285
deteriorating living conditions in, 114–15
expanded draft in, 115, 446
food shortages in, 539, 541
increasingly dark mood in, 443–46
new operational policy of, 418
Pacific and Southeast Asian conquests of, 114, 119
rise of crime in, 541
shipping losses of, 283, 413, 417, 423, 452, 539
undercurrents of dissent in, 539–41
in war with China, 437
Japan, press in:
censorship of, 525–26, 527–28
consolidation of, 529–30
government reprisals against, 526–27
Imperial General Headquarters and, 527–28
liberal and intellectual papers in, 528–29
newsprint shortages and, 527, 529
propaganda in, 114, 116, 180, 187, 196, 443–45, 507–8, 526, 527, 529, 532, 538
references to Hirohito in, 528
reports of American savagery played up in, 196
Saipan battle reports in, 532
war dead stories in, 525
Japanese fleet, destruction of, as primary U.S. goal, xiv
Japan Times and Advertiser, 445
Jarman, Sanderford, 499
Jarvis, USS, 39
Java, xxiii
Jett, Charlie, 77
Jintsu, 68–69, 83
Johore Strait, xxiii
Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 6, 12, 16, 91, 92, 157, 192, 196, 220, 227, 312, 313, 319, 342, 434, 438, 440, 441
central Pacific offensive backed by, 306
Leahy as de facto chairman of, 93
Solomons offensive and, 223, 224
Joint Expeditionary Force, 457
Jones, John Paul, 145
Jones, Louis R., 394
Juneau, USS, 163
sinking of, 165–66
Junyo, 147, 155, 419, 428, 450, 491
jushin (senior statesmen), 533–34
Jutland, Battle of, 252, 415–16
Kaga, 9
KA-Go offensive, 68–69, 75–83
Kahili, 157
Kaiser, Henry, 247, 248–49
Kaiyo, 531
Kako, 41
Kakuta, Kakuji, 452, 454, 456, 463, 470, 488
kamikaze (divine wind) attacks, 537–38
Kangu Beach, Bougainville, xxv
Kanto Plain, 514
Kasumigaura Naval Air Training Center, 429, 432
Katori, 410–11
Kauffman, J. L. “Reggie,” 373, 378, 383
Kavieng, New Ireland, 41, 62, 235, 399
Allied bypassing of, 240, 242
Kawachi, Uichiro, 525, 527, 528
Kawaguchi, Kiyotake, 174, 187
Edson’s Ridge attack of, 106, 121, 130
at Taivu Point landing, 105
Kawaguchi, Taro, 505
KE, Operation (Japanese evacuation of Guadalcanal), 183–85
Kempeitai (security service), 527, 535, 540, 541
Kennedy, Marvin G. “Pinky,” 251, 252, 260, 265
cautious tactics of, 258, 262, 264, 266
in first Wahoo patrol, 157–58
reassignment of, 265–66
in second Wahoo patrol, 262–64
Kenney, George C., 125, 126–27, 217–18, 219, 221, 223, 236, 438, 440
Kernan, Alvin B., 151, 374–75
Kido, Marquis Koichi, 533, 534, 536
and possible peace overtures, 537
Kido Butai, 41, 428, 459
King, C. S., 387–88
King, Ernest J., 6, 9–10, 91, 92, 96, 97, 102, 109, 143, 158, 197, 201, 220, 235, 279, 317, 324, 332, 386, 434, 435, 436, 459, 461, 502, 514–15, 516
Admiralty Islands offensive proposed by, 223–24, 232
Arnold and, 437
Battle of Savo Island and, 55–56, 57
belligerent personality of, 10
at Casablanca Conference, 307–8, 309–11
central Pacific offensive and, 235, 306–7, 308, 313, 320
GALVANIC and, 367
and Ghormley’s relief of command, 144
Guadalcanal campaign and, 19, 20, 21, 60, 97, 123, 142, 185–86
interservice rivalries and, 434
Marianas campaign and, 436, 440, 441
Marshalls invasion deadline of, 313
Pacific counteroffensive urged by, xiii, 10, 11–12
personality of, 193–94
Solomons offensive ordered by, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17
Tarawa battle and, 366
on unrestricted submarine warfare, 253
at Washington conference, 312
King, Richard, 468, 499–500
Kingman, Howard F., 365
Kinkaid, Thomas C., 146, 160, 161, 166, 221, 440, 442, 453
appointed commander of Allied Naval Forces, Southwest Pacific Area (SWPA), 218
in Battle of Santa Cruz Islands, 148–49, 152
MacArthur and, 218–19
in Guadalcanal campaign, 33–34
Kinryu Maru, 83
Kinugasa, 41
Kirishima, 69, 171, 172, 416
Kiriwina Island, 239
Kiska Island:
Japanese forces on, 225–31
U.S. landing on, 230–31, 445
Kittredge, George, 36
Kiyosawa, Kiyoshi, 207, 432, 444, 535, 539
Kiyozumi Maru, 407
Knox, Frank, 7, 57, 142, 197, 201, 317, 436
Kobayashi, Masami, 407
Kodiak, Alaska, 226
Koga, Mineichi, 206, 224, 237, 242, 346, 368, 402, 405, 406, 415, 416, 420
death of, 446–47
Operation Z planned by, 418–19
Koiso, Kuniaki, 534, 535–36
Kokumbona, Guadalcanal, 105, 183
Kokusai Shashin Joho, 114, 180
Koli Point, 155, 190
Kolombangara Island, 232–33
Japanese evacuation of, 233, 234
Komatsu, Sakio, 484
Kommandorski Islands, Battle of the, 228–29, 233
KON, Operation, 454, 456
Kondo, Nobutake, 69, 77, 147, 188, 447
Kongo, 122, 137–38
Konoye, Prince Fumimaro, 533–34, 536
Korea, natural resources of, 284
Koro Island, 20
landing rehearsal on, 21–22, 26
Kossler, Herman J., 471, 485
Koyanagi, Tomiji, 183, 185
Krishima, 170
Krueger, Walter, 240
Kukum, Guadalcanal, 25, 27–28, 35, 63, 64, 107, 141
Kula Gulf, Battles of, 233
kunai grass, xx, 24
Kurile Islands, 226, 418
Kurita, Takeo, 237, 447, 473, 480, 482, 531
Kusaka, Jinichi, 122, 224, 233, 234, 236, 238
Kwajalein, Battle of, 384, 386, 390, 393, 405, 441, 459, 499
aftermath of, 397–98
Kwajalein Island landings in, 395–96
landing craft problems in, 391–92
pre-landing bombardment in, 389–90, 392–93, 401
Roi-Namur landings in, 390–95
Task Force 58 in, 386–87
Kwajalein Atoll, 389, 455
Japanese airfields on, 368
Japanese troops on, 385
planned U.S. landings on, 384–85
Kwajalein Atoll, U.S. carrier raid on, 373, 377–78
Japanese counterattacks in, 379–80, 381–82
Pownall’s refusal to order second strike in, 378–79, 381, 382–83, 389
Kwajalein Island, 389, 395, 400
Lae, New Guinea, 62, 157, 239
Laffey, USS, 163
Lamar, Arthur, 129, 130, 297, 298, 362, 442, 519–20
Langley, USS, 323, 399
Lapon, 453
Larsen, Harold H. “Swede,” 103–4, 136, 137
Larson, Harold O., 234
Lasswell, Alva B., 203
La Vallette, USS, 234
Lawrence, James, 145
Lawrence, John E., 141–42
Lawton, E. J., 494
Layton, Ed, 203–4
LCTs, 361
Leahy, William D., 94, 95, 158, 306, 312
as de facto Joint Chiefs chairman, 93
FDR’s relationship with, 92–93
Leckie, Robert, 210
Lee, Fitzhugh, 237, 371
Lee, Willis A. “Ching,” 160, 168, 171–72, 464, 478
Lengo Channel, 177
Lennons Hotel, Brisbane, 217
Leonski, Edward Joseph, 213
Lewis, Don, 489–90, 491
Lexington, USS (CV-2), 59, 124, 327
Lexington, USS (CV-16), 301, 328, 368, 370, 371–72, 379, 382, 488, 495
Leyte Gulf, Battle of, 145, 266, 515
Life, 90, 97, 196, 380, 538
Lillibridge, G. D., 339, 348, 351–52
Lingayen Gulf, 155
Lingga Roads, 448, 453, 455
Lion Six, 516–17
Lippmann, Walter, 86
Liscome Bay, USS (CVE-56), submarine attack on, 363–64
Lockwood, Charlie, 277, 278, 279, 286, 402, 471
appointed Pacific submarine force commander, 280
torpedo failures and, 280, 281–82
London Conference (July, 1942), 95
London Naval Conference (1935), 118
London Naval Treaty (1930), 253
Long Island, USS, 70
long pig, 191
Los Negros, 242
LSTs, 335
LST tank carriers, 392
Lucas, Jim, 359
Lukanai Field, 205