Born to Lose
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Santone, Ester (witness to Zanella shooting). 10 Feb. 2003.
Schaal, Dennis (witness to Zanella shooting). 12 Jan. 2005.
Simonetti, Don (police officer, West Deer Township, Allegheny Co., Pa.). 3 Feb. 1999.
Sizemore, Barbara (sister of J. Zanella). 10 July 1997.
Snyder, Edgar (Hoss’s public defender, Zanella trial). 6 Jan. 2006.
Start, Joseph (detective captain, Allegheny Co., Pa.). 15 Jan., 2005.
Stephanie, Nancy (employee, Lakewood Cemetery, Indiana Township, Pa.). 18 Sept. 2000.
Stewart, Harold (father of Linda Peugeot). 2 Oct. 2003.
Suchevich, George (corrections officer, Allegheny Co. Workhouse, Pa.). 21 Nov. 1997.
Symkiewicz, Mary Ann (received letter from Hoss). 4 May 2006.
Thomas, Herb (prison psychiatrist, Western Penitentiary, Pa.). 7 Feb. 1998.
Thompson, Cliff (police officer, Fawn Township, Pa.). 9 Oct. 1997.
Trozzi, Herm (police dispatcher, Penn Hills Police Dept., Pa.). 28 Apr. 1997.
Walters, Gil (warden, Western Penitentiary, Pa.). 25 July 1997.
Warner, Fred (restauranteur; employer of Linda Peugeot). 3 Oct. 2003.
Weaver, Jimmy (corrections officer, Western Penitentiary, Pa.). 29 July 1997.
Williams, Roger (prison maintenance worker, Western Penitentiary, Pa.). 9 July 1997.
Zelek, Joseph (teacher and football coach, Verona, Pa.). 23 Oct. 1998.
Zelek, Joy (resident, Verona, Pa.). 14 Nov. 1998.
Zimmerman, Gary (Hoss’s attorney, Peterson trial). 3 Jan. 2007.
Zoller, Dick (police officer, Oakmont, Pa.). 2 June 1997.
Law Enforcement and Legal Sources
Allegheny County Detective Bureau, Allegheny County, Pa. Complaint report on Hoss and Lubresky prison breach. 12 Sept. 1969.
Allegheny County, Pa. Court records. 1969.
Allegheny County, Pa. Court records on Zanella case. March 1970.
Baker, William F. Interview of Stanley Hoss at Western Penitentiary, Pa., 30 Oct. 1969. Baker had accompanied Linda Peugeot’s parents to seek from Hoss the locations of Linda and Lori Mae Peugeot’s bodies. In Source Citations, Baker, interview of Hoss, 30 Oct. 1969.
———. Letter and dental records to Cuyahoga County Coroner’s Office, Cuyahoga County, Ohio. 7 Jan. 1978.
———. Letter to Dr. Lester Adelson (Ohio medical authorities), Cleveland, Ohio. 10 Jan. 1978.
———, and Milton Hart. Interview of Stanley Hoss, Western Penitentiary, Pa., 14 Oct. 1969.
Baker was county investigator for Allegany County, Maryland, and Hart was a sergeant in the Maryland State Police. In Source Citations, Baker and Hart, interview of Hoss, 14 Oct. 1969.
Beutler, Robert (sheriff, Putnam County, Ohio). Report to Forensics Department, Cleveland, Ohio, and to county investigator William Baker, Cumberland, Md. 6 Jan. 1978. Held in archives of Office of State’s Attorney, Allegany County, Cumberland, Md. In Source Citations, Beutler, sheriff report, 6 Jan. 1978.
Bliss, Wilbur (police chief, Indiana Township, Allegheny Co., Pa.). Supplemental report for Indiana Township Police Department, Allegheny Co., Pa., on Defino case. 7 Apr. 1969.
Callaway, William C. “Beyond the Call of Duty” (eulogy for Captain Walter Peterson). Delivered at Mt. Olive Baptist Church, Clairton, Pa., 14 Dec. 1973. Text provided to me by Rev. William Callaway. In Source Citations, Callaway, Peterson eulogy, 14 Dec. 1973.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. Stanley B. Hoss, Jr. (grand jury proceedings, Defino case). No. 4, May 1969, Judge George Eppinger presiding. In Source Citations, Defino case, transcripts of grand jury proceedings, May 1969.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. Stanley B. Hoss, Jr. (Defino trial transcripts). No. 4, 7 July 1969, Judge George Eppinger presiding. In Source Citations, Defino trial transcripts, 7 July 1969.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. Stanley B. Hoss, Jr. (Zanella trial). 5–9 Mar. 1970, Judge Samuel Strauss presiding. Common Pleas of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, Criminal Division. In Source Citations, Zanella trial transcripts, Mar. 1970.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. Stanley B. Hoss, Jr. (Peterson trial). 5–13 June 1974, Judge Loran L. Lewis presiding. In Source Citations, Peterson trial transcripts, June 1974.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. Stanley B. Hoss, Jr. (Peterson case; Hoss motion for a new trial). 18 Aug. 1975. In Source Citations, Peterson case; Hoss motion for a new trial, 18 Aug. 1975.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. Stanley B. Hoss, Jr. (Peterson trial appeal). No. 27; Mar. 1976. Appellant response to appeal for new trial. In Source Citations, Peterson trial appeal, Mar. 1976.
Curti, Dick. Complaint report for Indiana Township Police Department, Allegheny Co., Pa., on Defino case. 5 Apr. 1969. In Source Citations, Curti, Indiana Twp. Police Department complaint report, 5 Apr. 1969.
Fatkin, Louis, and John Robb. Petition to Western Penitentiary. 24 Sept. 1970.
Fawkes, Jodine. Appeal to Hoss to free hostages. 28 Sept. 1969. This appeal was issued nationally by FBI to all newspapers and radio and television stations.
Federal Bureau of Investigation. Report on interrogations of Stanley Hoss by federal agents Daniel Dunn, Frederick Fehl, and Edward Flint. Waterloo, Iowa. 4–7 Oct. 1969. In Source Citations, FBI report on interrogations of Hoss, Waterloo, Iowa, 4–7 Oct. 1969.
———. Report on interviews of Stanley Hoss by federal agent Daniel Dunn. Western Penitentiary, Pa. 9–11 Oct. 1969. In Source Citations, FBI report on interviews of Hoss, Western Penitentiary, Pa., 9–11 Oct. 1969.
———. Wanted flyer on Hoss. 29 Sept. 1969. Flyer shows frontal and profile photographs of Hoss, along with full description and charges, photographs of Linda and Lori Peugeot, and photograph of GTO convertible. In Source Citations, FBI wanted flyer on Hoss, 29 Sept. 1969.
Hoss, Stanley B. Letters to Hon. D. K. Mclaughlin, Allegany County Criminal Court, October Sessions, 1969. 27 Aug. and 15 Sept. 1970. In Source Citations, Hoss, court letters.
———. Suicide note, 6 Jan. 1978. Painted on cell wall, Graterford Prison, Pa. In Source Citations, Hoss, suicide note. Text (transposed to paper) given to author by Graterford Prison supervisor Gus Mastros. Text quoted in Pittsburgh, Pa., and Cumberland, Md., area newspapers, among others.
Indiana Township Police Department, Allegheny County, Pa. Second supplemental report on Defino case. 11 Apr. 1969.
Maryland continuance hearing, Peugeot kidnapping charges. Chambers of Judge Jim Getty. 5 Jan. 1971. Hearing to consider application by Don Mason, Maryland state’s attorney, for continuance in prosecution of Hoss on charges of kidnapping of Linda and Lori Peugeot, with defense attorneys Louis Fatkin and John Robb presenting arguments for a speedy trial. 5 Jan. 1971. In Source Citations, Maryland continuance hearing, Peugeot kidnapping charges, 5 Jan. 1971.
Maryland Court of Appeals. Stanley Barton Hoss, Jr., v. State of Maryland, No. 382. Filed 14 June 1972, re: September term, 1971. Decision on second Hoss appeal for dismissal of Peugeot indictments, that Hoss’s right to a speedy trial was violated. In Source Citations, Maryland Court of Appeals, decision on second Hoss appeal for dismissal of Peugeot indictments, 14 June 1972.
Maryland Court of Special Appeals. Sept. term, 1971. Stanley Barton Hoss, Jr., v. State of Maryland. First Hoss appeal of Judge Getty’s decision not to dismiss Peugeot indictments. In Source Citations, Maryland Court of Special Appeals, Md., first Hoss appeal for dismissal of Peugeot indictments, 21 Sept. 1971.
———. 13 Md. App. 404.283 A. 2d 629. Stanley Barton Hoss, Jr., v. State of Maryland, No. 163. Filed 15 Nov. 1971. Decision on first Hoss appeal for dismissal of Peugeot indictments, that Hoss’s right to a speedy trial, in accordance with the Interstate Detainer Act, was not violated. In Source Citations, Maryland Court of Special Appeals, decision on first Hoss appeal for dismissal of Peugeot indictments, 15 Nov. 1971.
Mason, Donald (Maryland state’s attorney). Letter to Hon. Francis B. Burch. 1 June 1971. Letter provided a rationale as to why Hoss’s
right to a speedy trial was not violated. In Source Citations, Mason, letter to Burch, 1 June 1971.
———. Letter to Maryland State’s Attorney’s Office. 24 Sept. 1970.
Mason was seeking opinion and interpretation of the Interstate Detainer Act’s application to Hoss. In Source Citations, Mason, letter, 24 Sept. 1970.
McGrogan, Robert. Sworn statement in Court of Common Pleas to Pittsburgh, Pa., District Attorney’s Office. Prison # C-9483, 11 Dec. 1973, 1330 hrs., 7, 8 June 1974, Frick Building, Pittsburgh, Pa. In Source Citations, McGrogan testimony.
Office of State’s Attorney, Cumberland, Md. Legal Chronology of State of Maryland v. Stanley B. Hoss, Jr., No. 1090 (Peugeot case). Criminal Trials in Circuit Court for Allegany County, Md. Held in archives of Office of Maryland State’s Attorney. This chronology includes sixteen motions from 9 Oct. 1969 to 21 Apr. 1971. In Source Citations, legal chronology, Peugeot case.
Penn Hills Police Department, Allegheny County, Pa. Criminal arrest report for Thomas Lubresky. 10 Sept. 1983. This includes his Record of Arrest and Prosecution (RAP sheet).
Photographs of Peterson murder scene. Western Penitentiary, Pa. 10 Dec. 1973. Given to author by William S. Stickman III. In Source Citations, photographs of Peterson murder scene, 10 Dec. 1973.
Police audio tapes. Verona, Penn Hills, Oakmont, Plum Boro, and Pittburgh, Pa., police departments. Transmissions at time of Zanella shooting, afternoon and evening, 19 Sept. 1969. In Source Citations, police audio tapes, Zanella shooting, 19 Sept. 1969.
Porter, John L. (special agent, FBI). Report to U.S. Attorney, Pittsburgh, Pa., and U.S. Attorney, Baltimore, Md., on Stanley Hoss. 31 Oct. 1969. Archives, Office of State’s Attorney for Allegany County, Cumberland, Md. In Source Citations, Porter, FBI report on S. Hoss, 31 Oct. 1969.
———. Undated summary of S. Hoss’s travels and activities, 21 Sept.–4 Oct. 1969. In Source Citations, Porter, summary of S. Hoss’s travel and activities, 21 Sept.–4 Oct. 1969.
Roney, Dave (detective). Supplementary investigation report to Putnam County Sheriff’s Department on progress of investigation. 16 Jan. 1978. Report includes interview with S. Hoss on 9 Jan. 1978.
Samson, Paul (special agent, FBI). Report of interviews with parents of Linda Peugeot (probably written in Cumberland, Md.) to Baltimore, Md., Pittburgh, Pa., and Washington, D.C., FBI offices. 23 Sept. 1969. In Source Citations, Samson, report to FBI on Peugeots, 23 Sept. 1969.
Start, Joseph. Supplementary report to Chief Edward Crone on interview with inmate Whitman Shute, Pittsburgh, Pa. 19 Dec. 1969. Report concerned location of bodies of Linda and Lori Mae Peugeot. In Source Citations, Start, supplementary report on Shute, 19 Dec. 1969.
———, and Martin Corcoran. Interrogations of Stanley Hoss, Waterloo, Iowa. 8 Oct. 1969. Start and Corcoran were captain and sergeant respectively in the Allegheny County Detective Bureau, Pa., reporting to the Allegheny County District Attorney’s Office, Pittburgh, Pa. In Source Citations, Start and Corcoran, interrogations of Hoss, 8 Oct. 1969.
———. Interviews of Stanley Hoss, Western Penitentiary, Pa., 12 Oct. 1969. In Source Citations, Start and Corcoran, interviews of Hoss, 12 Oct. 1969.
Wecht, Cyril (coroner). Report on Walter Peterson, Case 7312–132, Docket 70. Dec. 1973. In Source Citations, coroner’s report on Peterson, Dec. 1973.
Letters and Other Unpublished Sources
Anonymous. Handwritten note to Carmen DeLellis (chief, Verona Police Department). Verona, Pa. 4 Oct. 1969. In Source Citations, anonymous note to DeLellis of Hoss’s capture, 4 Oct. 1969.
Beynon, Jo (columnist, Cumberland Times-News). Conversations and correspondence with author. 2001–3.
Hollock, James. “Tragedy of ’24, Seventy-Nine Years Later” (commemorative speech and event re: Western Penitentiary). 11 Feb. 2003.
Hoss, Stanley. Eighty-eight letters to Diane Hoss (Stanley’s then wife) from prison. 1970–78. In possession of Diane Hoss. In Source Citations, Hoss, prison letter[s]. My thanks to her for graciously loaning me the letters.
Matecka, Betty. Letters to Diane Hoss. 24 Jan. 1970, 13 Dec. 1974. In possession of Diane Hoss. In Source Citations, B. Matecka, letters to D. Hoss. My thanks to her for graciously loaning me the letters.
———. Letters to Stanley Hoss. 25 Jan. 1974, plus undated letters. In Source Citations, B. Matecka, letters to S. Hoss.
Mayberry, Richard. Various letters to author from prison. 2002. In author’s possession. In Source Citations, Mayberry, letters, 2002.
Sizemore, Barbara. Letters to editor, Valley News Dispatch. 24 Aug., 10 Oct. 1973. Pittsburgh Press, n.d.
Warner, Fred. Unpublished papers and photographs. Various dates.
Newspapers
Advance-Leader. Oakmont, Pa.
Butler Eagle. Butler, Pa.
Cumberland News (name changed to Cumberland Times-News, 1988). Cumberland, Md.
Cumberland Sunday Times. Cumberland, Md.
Fairbury Blade. Fairbury, Ill.
Pittsburgh Courier. Pittsburgh, Pa.
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Pittsburgh, Pa.
Pittsburgh Press (made defunct 31 Dec. 1992 under joint operating agreement with the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette). Pittsburgh, Pa.
Valley News Dispatch. Tarentum, Pa.
Waterloo Daily Courier. Waterloo, Iowa.
Secondary Sources
Books and Articles
Barnes, Harry Elmer. “The Evolution of Penology in Pennsylvania: A Study in American Social History.” Publication no. 21, Patterson Smith reprint series in criminology, law enforcement, and social problems. 1968.
Beynon, Jo (columnist, Cumberland Times-News). Various newspaper columns. Cumberland Times-News. 2002–5. These include “Escapee Wanted for Local Crime,” 9 May 2001; “More on Hoss Double Murder,” 17 May 2001; “You Can’t Please Everyone,” 7 June 2001; “What Happened to Hoss,” 14 June 2001.
“Bones: Could It Be Linda Peugeot?” AP, Ottawa, Ohio. 7 Jan. 1978.
Bruce High School. 1966 Yearbook. Westernport, Md.: Privately printed, 1966. In Source Citations, Bruce High School Yearbook, 1966.
Community Information Guide. City of Clairton, Pa. 1993. Brochure.
“Court Spares Hoss’s Life.” UPI. 13 Oct. 1971.
Focus Magazine. Feature story on George Butler. 6 Nov. 1977.
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell. The Architecture of H. H. Richardson and His Times, 2d. ed. Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press, 1966.
Inside Detective. “I Killed a Policeman and I’ll Kill You!” (cover story). January 1970.
Kegg, Suter. “Young Mother, Child Murdered 25 Years Ago.” Cumberland Times-News. 4 Jan. 1994.
Klimko, Tony. “Stanley Hoss Rampage Started 30 Years Ago Today.” Valley News Dispatch. 19 Sept. 1999.
Leuchter, Fred. “Execution by Hanging: It’s a Matter of Choice.” Operation and instruction manual for the State of Delaware. 1 May 1990.
Look, Margaret Kincaid. At Home on the Workhouse Farm. Pittsburgh, Pa.: Privately published by M. K. Look, 1986.
Morrow, Steve, with Edna Thompson (mother of Linda Peugeot). Untitled draft of article on Linda Peugeot. The Cumberland News. 21 Sept. 1970.
“Partners in Death” (story of Frank Phelan). Philadelphia Daily News. 29 Dec. 1993.
Pittsburgh Business Magazine. Biography of forensic pathologist Cyril Wecht. Sept. 1997.
“Riot, Murder at Pen.” Pittsburgh Press. 11 Feb. 1924.
Roddy, Dennis. “We Now Know Everything about George Butler Except Why.” Op-ed. Pittburgh Post-Gazette. 9 June 2001.
Simonich, Milan. “Special Treatment for Killer of Guard: Thirty Years in Solitary.” Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. 1 June 2003.
Teeters, Negley K. The Cradle of the Penitentiary: The Walnut Street Jail at Philadelphia, 1773–1835. Philadelphia, Pa.: Pennsylvania Prison Society, 1955.
Thomas, Herbert E. The Shame Response to Rejection. Sewickley: Albanel Publishers, 1997.
Warner, Fred. History of the Fred Warner Family of Cresaptown, Maryland.
Self-published, 1992.
———. Remembrances (of World War II). Self-published, 1989.
———. Warner’s German Restaurant Cookbook. Self-published, 1996.
Wereschagin, Mike. “Prison Housed Some High-Profile Inmates.” Pittsburgh Tribune Review. 14 Jan. 2005.
“The Western Penitentiary.” The Home Monthly. Feb. 1900.
Wright, Edward S. A Brief History of Western Penitentiary. N.p.: 1910.
Index
Aldrich, Bob, 147
Allegany County, Maryland, 99, 116
Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, 27, 99; in struggle for jurisdiction over Hoss, 160–66
Allegheny County Detective Bureau, 17, 159–62
Allegheny County Jail, 30; coroner’s inquest at, 309–10; Hoss at, 37–38, 202; problems at, 36–38, 165; Robinson as warden of, 36–37; transfers to workhouse from, 38–39
Allegheny County Workhouse, 43; history of, 39; Hoss and Lubresky’s escape from, 38, 41–49, 54, 151, 248–49; Hoss at, 36, 40; Hoss’s additional time for escape from, 237; racial tension at, 40; Robinson at, 36–37; transfers from jail to, 38–39
Anderson, John, 214
anti-Semitism, 237
appearance, Hoss’s, 193, 238, 313; at coroner’s inquest, 310; in Defino kidnapping, 4; descriptions of, 95, 131; eyes of, 17, 159, 267; “good looking,” 36; at Graterford Prison, 338–39, 346–48; picture in TV story about Zanella’s murder, 82–83; police lacking photos or descriptions of, 75, 80; at recapture, 138; for sentencing, 239–40; smile at trials, 227, 324; surgery to reduce ear size, 251; for trials, 202, 204, 322
armed robberies, Hoss’s, 29; in crime spree following escape, 85, 220; at Falconers’, 16–18, 24–25; getting money on the run from, 113–14, 124, 130–31, 157
arraignments, Hoss’s, 30, 147
arrests: of Harry Hoss, 27–28; of Hoss, 26–28; Hoss recaptured in Iowa, 137–46, 160, 166–67; Hoss’s vow to resist recapture, 54, 90; of Lubresky, 232; Zanella attempting Hoss’s, 65–66; of Zurka, 33, 151
Baker, Erma Jean, 116, 354
Baker, William F. “Bill,” 120, 179; cop killers and, 179–80; on grave sites of Peugeots, 184, 346; on Peugeots’ kidnapping, 116–17, 222, 354