Norris, Sir Henry 108, 150, 349
Norroy King of Arms 137
North, Sir Thomas 2
North, Lord Edward 28
North Carolina 218, 227
Northallerton 94
Northampton, Marchioness of 138, 231–2
Northamptonshire 164, 233
Northaw, Manor of 128
Northern Council 93, 101, 112
Northern Rebellion 94–102, 203
Northumberland 132
Northumberland, Countess of 351
Northumberland, 1st Duke of (or Lord Protector) (John Dudley) 4, 37, 46, 88, 119
Northumberland, 7th Earl of (Thomas Percy) 99, 101
Northumberland, 9th Earl of (Henry Percy) 325, 351
Norton, Richard 100
Norwich 144, 145, 261
Nottingham 126
Nottingham, Earl of see Howard, Admiral Charles
Nottinghamshire 129, 132
Nowell, Robert 216
Numerology 320
Nuremberg 83, 87
O’Byrne family 12–13
O’Donnell, Hugh 7, 343
O’Malley, Grania 172
O’Moores family 13
O’Neill, Conn Bacach 8
O’Neill, Conn More 8
O’Neill, Hugh 7, 342
O’Neill, Shane 8–9, 10
O’Neill, Turlough Luineach 342
O’Roughan, Sir Dennis 300–1
O’Rourke, Brian 301
Oakham 199
Oath of Supremacy 63, 72, 94
occult 317–30
Odingsells, Mrs 49–50
Offley, William 137
Oglethorpe, Owen, Bishop of Carlisle 33
Oldcastle, Sir John (Baron Cobham) 145, 146, 147
Orinoco 334, 335
Ormond family 9–10
Ormond, Earl of 9, 10
orphans 263
Osborne, Hewett 137
Osiander, Andreas 83
Ossory, Bishop of 146
Othello 219
Ovid 34, 272, 304
Owen, Mrs 49–50
Owen, William 49
Oxenham, John 177, 179
Oxford, 17th Earl of (Edward de Vere) 116, 119–20, 156, 225, 267, 291–2
Oxford University 201, 318
Chancellors 159, 348
Balliol College 334
Christ Church 223
Corpus Christi 90, 223, 284
Magdalen College 266
Oriel 223, 225
Queen’s College 282
St John’s 77, 114, 115
Oxfordshire 297
Pacification of Ghent 185
Page, William 189
pageantry 31, 92, 160–1, 165, 215, 291–3 see also ceremony
Paget, Anne 291
Palatine, Elector 185
Palau Islands 180
Panama 179
Papal Bull of 1570, 105, 106, 143, 200, 203
Paré, Ambrose 110
Paris Gardens 306
Parker, Matthew, Archbishop 66, 67, 69, 71, 90, 113, 118, 122, 141, 197, 270, 272
Parliament 41, 74, 119, 136, 148, 154, 175–6, 200, 235, 236, 266, 298, 364
Parma 212, 213
Parma, Duchess of 50, 51
Parma, Duke of 246, 251–5
Parma, Prince of (Alexander Farnese) 207, 209
Parr, Catherine 27, 48, 188
Parry, Blanche 45, 53, 129, 313
Parry, Dr. 365
Parry, Thomas 45
Parry, William 314
Parsons, Robert 100, 115, 200, 204, 205, 326
Parsons, Thomas 269
Parter, Walter 160
the Pasco 174
Passionate Pilgrim 298–9
Paulet, Sir Amyas 230–5, 237, 238
Pavy, Solomon 268
Peele, George 266
peerage 42
the Pelican 176, 178
Pembroke, Countess of (Mary Sidney) 45, 56, 122, 123, 135, 166, 211, 215, 224
Pembroke, Earl of 42, 45, 52, 89, 129, 135
Pembroke, Lord 29
Pembrokeshire 351
Penne, Sybil 56
Penred (Teacher) 79–80
Penry, John 281
Penshurst Place 135
Percy, Sir Charles 358
Percy, Henry, 9th Earl of Northumberland 325, 351
Percy, Sir Jocelyn 358
Percy, Thomas, 7th Earl of Northumberland 99, 101
Perestrello, Bartolomé 17
Perrot, Dorothy 325, 351, 351
Perrot, Sir John 9, 299–302, 342, 351
Perrot, Sir Thomas 325, 351
Perry, Maria 258, 363–4
the Peter 19
Peterborough Cathedral 241
Pett, Peter 251
Petworth 325
Philip II, King of Spain 52, 81, 86,100, 155, 199, 226, 230, 300, 333, 343, 344
Anglo-Spanish relations 24, 47, 176, 183, 208, 242
Armada 218, 234, 245–6, 250, 253, 255
and the Dudleys 47, 48
and the Low Countries 183, 206–7, 209, 246
and pirate activity 15, 24, 182
marriage 25, 81, 99
son 105–6
see also Spain
Philips, Miles 23
Pierrepoint, Sir Heny 129
Pieters, Jan 194
Pilgrimage of Grace 93, 100
Pilkington, James, Bishop of Durham 92
piracy 15–24, 173–84
Pius V 105–6
plague 93, 261, 263, 295–7
plantation 8, 13, 17, 226, 336, 353
Plymouth 15, 19, 174, 176, 182, 210, 249
Pocahontas 340–1
poetry 215, 274
Poland 83
Pole, Reginald, Archbishop of Canterbury 33, 44, 65
Poley, Robert 314, 315
Ponte family 19, 20
Poole, John 315
poor relief 263
population 41, 227, 261, 295
Portland, Dukes of 129
Porto Praya 210
portraits 27, 35
Portugal 18, 19, 21, 23, 81, 349
Preston 94
Prince of Orange 155
Principal Navigations 1, 221, 339
Principal Secretary 42
privateers 15, 17
Privy Council 19, 42, 57, 137, 189, 234, 260, 265, 339
prostitutes 305–7
Protestantism 26, 31, 39, 45, 110, 114, 173, 198, 208, 244, 246, 262
Ptolemy 84
Puckering, Sir John 42, 316
publishing 30, 116, 280
and women 122
Queen’s Champion 36, 165, 291–2
Radcliffe, Thomas 8
Raleigh, Sir Walter 81, 150, 152, 223–8, 249, 293, 316, 325–30, 331–7, 349, 355, 373
and Elizabeth Throckmorton 329–31
Guiana 293, 333–6
Ireland 225, 328
treason 229, 325, 335
Virginia 218, 227–8, 336
the Rata Coronada 252
Rathlin Island 170
Reading 133
Received Pronunciation 81
Recorder of London 29, 262
the Red Dragon 369
Redshanks 9, 170
The Reformation 60, 61, 64, 72, 73, 145–6, 207, 244, 265, 273, 287, 367, 372
and the Cecil family 45, 120, 346
and the Counter-Reformation 26, 107, 283, 321
and Elizabeth I 32, 40
forwarding of 44, 116, 143, 198, 279
in Ireland 7–10, 169
and schools 75–7, 122
refugees 262
religious dissent 193–205
Renaissance 82, 87, 91
Renny 216
republicanism 299
the Revenge 252, 331–3
Rich, Penelope 351 see also Devereux, Penelope
Richard II 358, 359
Richmond 95
Ridgeley 197
Ridolfi, Roberto 99
Rizzio, David 95
Roberts, Lewis 183
Robsart, Amy 48, 49
Robsart, Sir John 48
Rochefoucauld, Comete de La, François 110
Rochester, Bishop of (Dr John Young) 216
the Roebuck 333
Rokesby, Christopher 97
Rolfe, John 341
Rome 319
Romeo and Juliet 303–4
the Rosario 252
Roscommon 353
the Rose 268
Rossel, Pierre 313
Rowse, A.L. 1, 3, 140, 170, 228
Royal Grammar School 75
Royal Navy 15, 16, 18, 21, 248, 251
Royce, Wenfayd 313
Roydon, John 272
Roydon, Matthew 315
Rufford Abbey 129
rule of law 9, 10, 17
Russell, Francis 173
Russell, Sir William 343, 347
Russia 226
Ruthven, Earl of 95
Rutland, Dukes of 129
Rutland, Earls of 234, 352, 358, 360
Sackville, Sir Richard 80
Sackville, Robert 80
Sackville, Thomas 80
Sadler, Sir Ralph 189
St Albans 117, 128
St Augustine 320
St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre 110–12, 114, 120, 186–9, 276
St Botolph’s, Bishopgate 308
St Loe, Edward 129
St Loe, Elizabeth (Bess) 55–6
St Loe, Sir William 129
St Margaret’s, Westminster 297
St Paul’s 62, 64–5, 75, 78, 79, 137, 202, 267, 268, 297, 338, 350
Salford 202
Salisbury 308
Salisbury, Bishop of 68, 284
Salisbury, Dean Bridges of 282
Salisbury, Earl of, Robert Cecil 331
the Salomon 19
Salusbury, John 357
Salusbury, Owen 357–8
Salusbury, Thomas 358
San Domingo 210
San Juan de Ulúa 23
the San Martin 254
the San Salvador 259
Sanders, Nicholas 115
Sandwich 297
Sandys, Edwin, Bishop of London 194
Sandys, Lord 358, 360
Santa Cruz 19
the Santa Cruz 333
Santa Cruz, Marquis of Don Alvaro de Bazan, 209, 246, 247, 250
Santiago 210
Saravia, Dr 287
Saunder, Nicholas 90
Saunders, William 22
Scaramelli, Giovanni, Venetian Ambassador 363
Scargill, Margaret 154
Schifanoya, Il 64
‘Scholar of Night’ 333
scholarships 79
‘School of Night’ 327, 334
schools see education
Schwarzenburg, Countess of 207
scientists 84
Scory, John 66
Scotland 8, 9, 12, 37, 44, 95, 125, 221, 234, 301, 342, 343
Scylla 255
sea monsters 223
Seccombe, Thomas 54
Sedbergh 76
Sedgefield 100
‘seditious words’ 297, 298, 301
Seton, Mary 131
sex 303–16
Seymour, Catherine see Grey, Lady Catherine
Seymour, Jane 26, 188
Seymour, Lady Jane 53, 55
Seymour, Lord Admiral 45
Seymour, Thomas 27
Shakespeare, William 1, 2, 3, 36, 45, 76, 81, 125, 140, 142, 215, 266, 270, 309, 311, 357
sonnets 205, 298, 304, 347, 348
see also under individual plays
Sharp, Dr Leonel 257
Sheffield 129, 261
Sheffield, Lady Douglas 162–3
Sherborne 76
Sherborne Castle 327, 329, 334
ship conditions 177, 259
Shrewsbury 76
Shrewsbury, Earl of 42, 97, 129–31, 133, 238, 239, 240, 242, 261
Shropshire 129, 311
Sidney, Elizabeth 211
Sidney, Frances, Countess of Sussex 122, 349, 362
Sidney, Mary, Countess of Pembroke 45, 56, 122, 123, 135, 166, 211, 215, 224
Sidney, Philip 2, 10, 45, 76, 119, 135, 189, 207, 215, 223, 225, 292, 319, 326, 357
and America 210–11
Arcadia and poetry 35–6, 119, 136, 149, 166, 167, 172, 205, 210, 213, 230, 265, 284,
and Campion 115, 204–5
and Ireland 171–2
and Leicester 114, 170, 212, 213, 348
and the Low Countries 211–13, 230
and Spenser 149–50
and Walsingham 111, 211, 214, 349
Sidney, Robert 212, 315, 359
Sidney, Sir Henry 9–10, 11, 56, 114, 138, 170–2, 342
Sierra Leone 19, 21, 22, 369
Sitsylt, David 45
Sixtus V, Pope 198, 208, 230, 208
Skelton, John 141
Skeres 314
Slater, Martin 269
slavery 16–17, 20, 21
Sluys 109
Smerwick 225
Smith, Sir Thomas 200
Smythson, Robert 133, 134, 135
social class 128, 262, 266
social mobility 136
Somerset 129, 135, 205
Somerset, Duke (or Lord Protector) 43, 45, 53, 76
Somerset, Lady Anne 188
Somerville, John 164–5
Southampton, Earl of (Henry Wriothesley) 215, 304, 350, 352, 357–61
Southwark 306–7, 318
Spain 16, 18, 23, 40, 98, 170, 173, 179, 200, 206
the Armada 244–60, 342, 349
and Catholicism 72, 297–8
possibility of attack 109, 182
see also Philip II, King of Spain
Speght, Rachel 122
Spencer, Alice 329
Spenser, Edmund 136, 149–52, 225, 266, 292, 299, 357
and Ireland 2, 11, 13, 18, 147–8, 353
The Faerie Queene 30, 34, 152, 166–8, 322–3, 328–9, 353
schooling 78–9, 216
Spice Islands 180
spies 88, 108, 114, 115, 272
spinsters 125
Stafford 137, 351
Stafford, Lady Dorothy 129
Stafford, Lady Douglas 338
Stafford, Sir Edward 162, 222
Staffordshire 129, 130, 162, 230
Standen, Anthony 347
Stanhope, Sir John 359
Stanley, Dean 242
Stanley, Ferdinando 329
Stanyhurst, Richard 143
Starkey, Dr David 44
Stevenson, Thomas 70
Stone, Lawrence 138
Storey, Dr 114
Stow, John 140–1, 143, 148, 202
Strange, Lord 329
Stratford-upon-Avon 76, 140, 160, 266, 275
Street, Peter 318
Stretes, Guillim 27
Stuart, Arbella 129, 359
Stuart, Charles 129
Stuart, Henry see Darnley, Lord
Stuart, Henry, Cardinal of York 241
Stuart, Matthew, Earl of Lennox 57
Stubbes, Philip 160
Stubbs, John 144, 189
succession question 39, 108, 298
Suffolk 136, 222, 338
Suffolk, Duchess of 52
Suffolk, Dukes of 128
Summerson, John 117
Sunday schools 77
Surrey, Earl of 8, 101
Sussex 73, 135, 154
Sussex, Countess of 122 see also Sidney, Frances
Sussex, Earl of 8–9, 114, 352, 358
Sutton Court 129
the Swan Theatre 268, 306
the Swan 174, 176
Swetnam, Joseph 122
the Swiftsure 349
Swinburne, John 99–100
Talbot, George, Earl of Shrewsbury 129, 242
Tallis, Thomas 2, 195
tanistry 8
Tavistock 173
taxation 158–9, 171
Tello de Guzm�
�n, Don Rodrigo 254
The Tempest 17
Tempest, Michael 203
Tempest, Robert 92, 99
Temple Church 76, 285
tennis 137
Tennyson, A. 70, 332
Terceira 246, 252
Terwoot, Hendrick 194
the Thames 44, 46, 118, 199, 226, 237, 246, 250, 255, 313, 373
Thames Street 308
theatre 267–78
The Theatre of God’s Judgements 312
Theobalds 117–18, 157
Thirsk 94
Thomas, Hugh 16
the Thomas of Plymouth 254
Thorn, Robert 76
Thrale, Henry 317–18
Thrale, Hester 317–18
Throckmorton, Anna 330
Throckmorton, Arthur 330
Throckmorton, Elizabeth 229, 282, 329, 331
Throckmorton, Francis 319
Throckmorton, Job 282, 283
Throckmorton, Sir Nicholas 54, 98
Thynne, Francis 143
Thynne, Sir John 133, 135, 331
Tilbury 256
Tillyard, E.M.W. 286
Tilney, Edmund 126
Tixall 231, 232
Totnes 261
Tottel, Richard 30
Tower of London 29, 31, 46, 54, 56, 99, 107, 120, 204, 229, 233, 301, 325, 330, 331, 335, 361
Towneley, Sir Richard 76
trade 179, 180, 182, 183, 226
The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus 272–4
travellers and language 81
Travers, Walter 285
treason 46, 53–4, 63, 106, 197
Arden 165
Campion 145, 204
Doughty 177
Harrington 61
Northumberland 46
Parry 314
Perrot 301, 351
Raleigh 229, 325, 335
Treason Act 143
Treaty of Blois 109
Treaty of Edinburgh 95, 346
Tregian of Golden, Francis 200
Trenchard, Sir George 326
Tresham, Francis 359
trial by jury 10
Tridentine 105
Trigge, Francis 199
the Trinidad Valencera 246
Trismegistus, Hermes 85, 87, 319, 323, 325
the Triumph 252, 253
Troilus and Cressida 304
‘Tudor Taffia’ 44, 299
Tudor, Margaret 57
Turkey 82
Tutbury 101, 230
Twelfth Night 124, 357
Tyburn 100, 204, 301
Tyrone, Earl of 342–4, 352–5, 364
Ulster 2, 8, 12, 114, 141, 342–3, 352, 353
Unfortunate Traveller 294
universities 122, 266–7, 292
Ireland 10, 114
University Wits 266, 270, 271, 277
Unten, Henry 347
Upton-upon-Severn 88
Valois, Marguerite of 109–10
van Buchell, Arend 317
van der Noor, Jan 167
Vautrollier, Thomas 116
Vavasour, Anne 120, 291
venereal disease 307–9
Venezuela 334
the Victoria 178
the Victory 252
A View of the Present State of Ireland 2, 13, 147, 148, 353
Vigo Bay 210
Virginia 210, 218, 227–8, 294, 336, 339, 340
Virginia Company 361
Vitruvius 317
Von Wedel, Lupold 293
The Elizabethans Page 57