O’Neill: D’Arcy, as above; LeCaron, Henri, Twenty-Five Years in the Secret Service: the Recollections of a Spy, London, 1892.
O’Neill’s campaign: Denison, Somerville, Correspondence, as above; Owen, David, The Year of the Fenians, Buffalo, 1990.
Chief glory of Fenian invasion: New York Daily Tribune, 7 June 1866.
McGee’s reaction to invasion: Slattery, T. P., The Assassination of D’Arcy McGee, Toronto, 1968.
Potential of executions: Rochester Union reported in Toronto Globe, 10 October 1866.
Father McMahon’s and other trials: Gregg, G. and Roden, E., Trials of the Fenian Prisoners at Toronto, Toronto, 1867.
Roberts’s letter to Lynch: Toronto Globe, 17 December 1866.
Mitchel returns from Paris; and Mitchel family: Mitchel, Jail Journal, as above; McCall, Dillon, Volume 2, as above.
Mitchel criticises Fenianism: Irish Citizen, 25 April 1868.
Lieutenant Hogan, letters to O’Connell: 21 July 1866, 6 January 1867, 18 January 1873, Martin E. Hogan Papers, Small Collection 864, Montana Historical Society Archives, Helena, MT.
Green Clay Smith: Montana histories, as above.
TFM to Barlow: 26 October 1866, Barlow Papers, Box BW 62, Huntington Library, CA.
Nullification of TFM’s legislatures, and rewards for federal officials: Athearn, TFM, Duice, as above.
Sherman refusing troops to TFM: Montana Post, 17 March 1866.
Blackfoot Treaty: Montana Democrat, undated clipping, Montana Historical Society Archives, Helena, MT.
TFM at Fenian Library: TFM, Lectures of Governor, as above.
Request to raise militia: Athearn, TFM, as above; Athearn, Sherman and Settlement, as above.
Bozeman killing: Helena Herald, 3 February 1867.
Sherman to Stanton: Athearn, TFM, as above; Athearn, Sherman and Settlement, as above.
Herald on TFM as pacifier: New York Herald, 31 May 1867.
Invisible not invincible militia: TFM to Barlow, 30 January 1867, Barlow Papers, Box BW 64, Huntington Library, CA.
TFM commends Major Vielé’s plans: TFM to Barlow, as for previous note.
O’Doherty’s defence of Quinn, and other aspects of the lives of Kevin and Eva in Queensland: Patrick and Patrick, as above; Patrick, Dr P. Ross, ‘From Convict to Doctor,’ the Clem Mack Memorial Oration, 1981, Royal Historical Society of Queensland, Vol. XI, No. 2, 1981.
Martin’s description of Smyth: Kiernan, as above.
I. G. Baker’s account: Rayma, as above.
John Doran’s account: New York Sun, 8 June 1913.
Lyons’s version: Lyons, as above.
Chris Stephens accuses the Vigilantes: Irish Times, 8 May 1973.
Montana Republican electoral fortunes after TFM’s death: Word, as above.
TFM denounces Sanders: Meagher to Seward, 20 February 1866, Territorial Papers of Montana, Volume 2, Department of Missouri, File M25, 1866, National Archives, Washington, DC.
Enquiry concerning TFM’s rank: John C. Foley to Adjutant-General, 9 July 1867, Generals Papers and Records, Secretary of War, Volume IV, M344, National Archives, Washington, DC.
Walch’s patent: TFM to O’Connell, 5 January 1867, Andrew O’Connell Papers, SC175, Montana Historical Society Archives.
Petrified man: Helena Independent, 26 November 1899.
Millar and Mack: Anaconda Standard, 2 June 1913.
25 FENIANS TRANSPORTED
Chapter heading: Amos, as above.
The 1867 uprising: Kee, D’Arcy, Neidhardt, Ryan, as above.
Kelly’s contempt for Stephens: Kelly to Rossa, 12 March 1867, O’Donovan Rossa Papers, Manuscripts and Archives, NYPL.
Manchester Martyrs: Kee, as above; Quinlivan, Patrick and Rose, Paul, The Fenians in England 1865–1872: A Sense of Insecurity, London and New York, 1982.
Engels and Marx on English proletariat and Fenians: Dixon, R. (ed.), Marx and Engels on Ireland, London, 1971.
Clerkenwell: Quinlivan and Rose, as above.
Rossa approached about Australia: Rossa, as above.
Departure from Portland, and Hougoumont: Roche, Evans, Amos, as above.
Cashman joins Hougoumont: Diary, Denis B. Cashman, MSS 1636, ML.
Hougoumont dimensions: Bateson, as above.
Hampton’s Western Australian career: ADB, Volume 1.
Hampton finds out Fenians coming: Buckingham to Governor, 17 October 1867, Colonial Office Despatches, Item 70, PRO, copied by Australian Joint Copying Project to 41 WAA.
Colonial fears: Governor to Buckingham, 24 December 1867, Colonial Office Despatches, Item 10, PRO, copied by Australian Joint Copying Project to 41 WAA.
Manning’s fears, and sending of Brisk: Amos, as above.
Infantry from Tasmania: Buckingham to Governor, 26 February 1868, Colonial Office Despatches, Item 72, PRO, copied by Australian Joint Copying Project to 41 WAA.
Casey: Diary, John Sarsfield Casey, MSS 1447, ML.
Pensioner Guard: Buckingham to Governor, 17 October 1867, Colonial Office Despatches, Item 70, PRO, copied by Australian Joint Copying Project to 41 WAA.
Concert parties: Diary, Denis B. Cashman, MSS 1636, ML.
JBOR verses: Roche, as above.
Moondyne: O’Reilly, John Boyle, Moondyne: A Story from the Underworld, Boston, MA, 1879.
The Wild Goose: MSS 1542, ML; McGrath, Walter, ‘The Wild Goose, Convict Ship Newspaper, Re-discovered,’ Cork Historical and Archaeological Society, Part 1, Vol. LXXIV, No. 219, January–June 1969.
Contributors: Diary, Denis B. Cashman, MSS 1636, ML.
Appearance of town: JBOR, Moondyne, as above.
Continuing loyalist fears of Fenians: Bolton, G. C., ‘The Fenians Are Coming, the Fenians Are Coming,’ Studies in Western Australian History, Vol. IV, December 1981.
Hampton moves to Fremantle and reports anxiety diminished: Governor to Buckingham, 29 January 1867, Colonial Office Despatches, Item 70, PRO, copied by Australian Joint Copying Project to 41 WAA.
26 THE FENIANS OF THE DESERT COAST
Chapter heading: Roche, as above.
Walle, and other convict letters unless otherwise stated: Amos, as above.
Hampton reports policy with Fenians: Governor to Buckingham, 29 January 1868, Colonial Office Despatches, Item 70, PRO, copied by Australian Joint Copying Project to 41 WAA.
McGarry’s gang: Carroll, Martin C., Behind the Lighthouse: A Study of the Australian Sojourn of John Boyle O’Reilly, dissertation, Perth, 1954; in Kenealy’s case confirmed by Personal and Other Descriptions of 280 Convicts received per ship ‘Hougoumont’ on the 10th January, 1868, Acct. 1156 V 10, Convict Establishment, Convict Department No. 40, Comptroller General’s Office, Miscellaneous Volume, WAA.
JBOR’s treatment and movements ashore: Amos, Roche, Evans, Carroll, as above.
‘Here the aisle …’: O’Reilly, John Boyle, Songs from the Southern Seas, Boston, 1873.
Attempted assassination, Prince Alfred: SMH, 13 March 1868; Amos, as above; Travers, Robert, The Phantom Fenians of New South Wales, Sydney, 1986.
Lord Belmore does not want witch-hunt: Governor to Buckingham, 1 July 1868, Belmore Papers, A 2542–2, ML.
Charles Miller dispatched: Colonial Secretary’s Bundle, 4/7680/1, AONSW.
Miller’s insufficient funds: Miller to Inspector-General of Police, 12 May 1868, as for previous note.
Boggis: Informant to Principal Under-Secretary of Police, 10 June 1868, as for previous note.
Detective McGlone, Fenian railwaymen, McBurnie, Stoneman: All 4/7680/1, ML.
McGee before assassination: Skelton, Senior, as above; MacKay, Flight from Famine, as above.
McGee’s Wexford speech: Skelton, Senior, Slattery, as above.
McGee’s assassination, and pursuit of killer: Slattery, as above; Trial of Patrick J. Whelan for the murder of Thos Darcy McGee, Ottawa, 1868.
McGee’s letter to Peggy: Slattery, as above.
Macdonald commemorates McGee: 7 April 1868, House of Commons Deb
ates, First Session—First Parliament, 31 Victoria.
Hogan, JBOR after attempt on Prince Alfred, and Fullams and other Fenians: Amos, as above.
Casey imprisoned: Diary, John Sarsfield Casey, MSS 1447, ML.
Hampton suggests early tickets-of-leave: Governor to Buckingham, 13 October 1868, Colonial Office 19–159, PRO 1658, copied by Australian Joint Copying Project to WAA.
Howard mutiny and results: Amos, Carroll, as above; Bruce to Buckingham, 11 February 1869, Colonial Office 18–163, PRO 1661, copied by Australian Joint Copying Project to WAA.
Visit by Prince Alfred: Amos, as above.
Bruce attacked for influencing Prince: Fremantle Herald, 13 February 1869.
Possible free pardons: Fremantle Herald, 27 February 1869.
JBOR and Miss Woodman: Roche, Amos, Evans, Carroll, as above.
Notebook: Evans, as above.
Abandonment of escape precautions, Fremantle: Fremantle Herald, 23 November 1867.
JBOR attempts suicide: 17 December 1869, Timperley, Interview Diary, 2892A, Battye Library, Perth, Western Australia.
Escape plans and escape: Carroll, Amos, Roche, as above.
Escape reported: 18 February 1869, Timperley, Interview Diary, 2892A, Battye Library, Perth, Western Australia.
Timperley’s Report on Thompson and O’Reilly’s escape: 20 February 1869, Colonial Police Records, AN5/6, Accession No. 129, Item 12/962, WAA.
Hare’s response: 27 February 1869, as for previous note.
Further escape details, whaling journey, relationship with Gifford and Hathaway: Roche, Amos, Evans, Carroll, as above.
JBOR’s first book of verse and dedication: JBOR, Songs from Southern Seas, as above.
Bombay verse: JBOR Papers, MSS ACC 247, Special Collections, BPL.
JBOR in US: Roche, Evans, Schofield, as above; McManamin, Francis G., The American Years of John Boyle O’Reilly, 1870–1890, New York, 1976.
27 FENIANS AT LARGE
Fenian pardons: Granville to Bruce, 30 April 1869, Colonial Office Despatches, Item 74, PRO, copied by Australian Joint Copying Project to 41 WAA.
Kenealy’s travels in Australia: Kenealy, John, ‘Reminiscences,’ Gaelic American, 17 and 24 December 1904.
Samuel Winter and other Melbournians: Amos, as above.
Argus takes note of Kenealy’s arrival: Melbourne Argus, 9 July 1869.
Campaign of the Argus, and Kenealy accedes to Irish community: Kenealy, ‘Reminiscences,’ as above.
Supreme Court decision interpreted as gesture of independence: Amos, as above.
Casey and other pardoned Fenians journey to Albany and eastern Australia: John Sarsfield Casey, Irishman, 5 March 1870.
Sydney committee: Freeman’s Journal (Sydney), 9 October 1869; Kenealy, ‘Reminiscences,’ as above.
SMH on Clontarf picnic: SMH, 16 October 1869.
Problem of picnic and Jack Robertson proscription: 16 October 1869, enclosure in Governor to Colonial Secretary, and reply by Granville, 24 January 1870, Colonial Office Despatches 1860–70, 4/784/1, AONSW.
Arrival of Fenian ‘escapees’ in San Francisco: New York Daily Tribune, 27 January 1870.
Arrival of Casey and others, Ireland: Irishman, 16 and 19 February 1870.
Walsh to JBOR: Amos, as above.
Kenealy’s position with Talbot: Devoy, Devoy’s Post Bag, Volume 2, as above.
Pardoned men remaining in Western Australia: Amos, as above.
Preparations for, and course of, 1870 invasion: Senior, D’Arcy, Neidhardt, as above.
O’Neill’s chief failing, and other aspects of 1870 campaign: LeCaron, as above.
Papal Decree, January 1870: D’Arcy, as above.
Grant’s reaction: Grant’s anti-invasion proclamation: New York Daily Tribune, 25 May 1870.
The campaign: Senior, Neidhardt, as above: Toner, P. M., ‘The “Green Ghost”: Canada’s Fenians and the Raids,’ Eire-Ireland, Vol. 16, No. 4, 1981; Fenian Raid of 1870, The. By Reporters at the Scene, Montreal, 1871; O’Neill, John, Official Report of General John O’Neill, President of the Fenian Brotherhood, on the Attempt to Invade Canada, May 25, 1870, New York, 1870.
JBOR’s account: Pilot, 4 June 1870.
Home Rule: Kee, Robert, The Laurel and the Ivy, London, 1993; Foster, R. F., Modern Ireland 1600–1972, London, 1988; Foster, R. F. (ed.), The Oxford History of Ireland, Oxford, 1989.
Parnell: Kee, Laurel and Ivy, as above; Abels, Jules, The Parnell Tragedy, New York, 1966; Callaghan, Mary Rose, ‘Kitty O’Shea,’ London, 1994.
JBOR articles: Roche, as above.
Amnesty Association: Kee, Bold Fenian Men, as above.
Rossa’s election: Rossa, as above; Kee, Bold Fenian Men, as above.
Careers of newly pardoned Fenians, Western Australia: Amos, as above.
Kimberley’s warning: Kimberley to Belmore, 17 February 1871, Secretary of State’s Despatches, 4/1360, AONSW.
Fergusson’s mistake: Kimberley to Belmore, 24 May 1871, as for previous note.
Enquiry into Fergusson’s error and Kimberley’s all-clear: Kimberley to Belmore, 21 March and 16 June 1871, Belmore Papers, A2542–2, ML.
Destiny of Goulding and others here and subsequent in chapter: Amos, as above.
Flood’s career: Marriage Certificate and other documents, MSS 1636, ML, from the O Lúing Papers, M2048, NLI.
28 HOME RULE AND DYNAMITE
Chapter heading: JBOR to Devoy, Devoy’s Post Bag, Volume 1, as above.
Cuba Five: D’Arcy, Neidhardt, as above; Devoy, Recollections, as above; Golway, Terry, John Devoy and America’s Fight for Ireland’s Freedom, New York, 1998; Irish People (New York), 28 January 1871.
Mass of Irish have never belonged to nationalist bodies: Roche, as above; Devoy, Devoy’s Post Bag, Volume 1, as above.
Communists visit Fenians: Devoy, Recollections, as above; Golway, Neidhardt, as above.
JBOR denounces name of Fenianism: Roche, as above; Devoy, Devoy’s Post Bag, as above.
‘Friend to the Irishman’: Roche, as above.
Ambiguities of immigration: Miller, Kerby A., as above; Bayor and Meagher, as above.
Charlotte O’Brien visits New York: As for previous note.
Founding and history of Clan na Gael: D’Arcy, Neidhardt, Golway, as above; Devoy, Recollections and Devoy’s Post Bag, as above.
Hogan’s and other letters from Fenian prisoners: Roche, Amos, Devoy (both works), as above.
Death of JBOR’s father, JBOR courtship and other subsequent JBOR matters: Roche, Schofield, Evans, McManamin, as above.
Fire at Pilot: Pilot, 14 June 1873.
Whipple’s ‘Sunday evenings’: His listing in Dictionary of American Biography.
Phillips, Wendell and Anne: Listings in Dictionary of American Biography; Schofield, McManamin, Roche, as above.
A freed slave writes to Garrison: 22 June 1874, Garrison Letters, MS A1. 2, Volume 37, Special Collections, BPL.
Phillips’s moral status: 1 March 1874, Garrison Letters, as previous note.
Lydia Maria Child: Her listing, Dictionary of American Biography; MS 1092, Special Collections, BPL.
JBOR on the future of black Americans: Roche, as above.
Massachusetts politics: Baum, Dale, ‘The Irish Vote and Party Politics in Massachusetts, 1860–1876,’ Civil War History, Vol. 26, No. 2, 1980.
JBOR’s first volume of verse: JBOR, Songs from Southern Seas, as above.
JBOR to Whipple: 20 March 1878, O’Reilly Papers, MS 219, Special Collections, BPL.
Aldrich: Roche, as above; Aldrich listing, Dictionary of American Biography.
Letter to Aunt: Roche, as above.
Mrs O’Reilly’s health: Evans, as above; Whipple to JBOR, 23 January 1883, O’Reilly Papers, MS ACC 623, Special Collections, BPL.
Acquisition of Pilot: Roche, Schofield, McManamin, Evans, as above.
JBOR verse unless otherwise noted: Roche, as above.
Soldier Fenians and their letters: Amos, as above.
/> ‘Voice from the Tomb’ and Clan na Gael convention: Devoy, Devoy’s Post Bag, Volume 2, as above; Devoy, Recollections, as above; D’Arcy, Amos, as above; O Lúing, Seán, Fremantle Mission, Tralee, 1965.
McCafferty’s plan: D’Arcy, O Lúing, as above.
Talbot to Devoy: Devoy, Post Bag, Volume 2, as above.
Mitchel returns $100: Mitchel to Rossa, 8 December 1874, Rossa Papers, Maloney Collection of Irish Historical Papers, Manuscripts and Archives, NYPL.
Patrick Collins and John ‘Honey’ Fitzgerald: Their listings, Dictionary of American Biography.
JBOR’s aphorism on freedom: Wexford People, 31 March 1962.
All Devoy’s movements and letters in relation to rescue: Devoy, Post Bag, Volume 2, and Recollections, as above; Golway, Amos, as above.
Anthony, Richardson, Hathaway, as well as previous sources: Pease, Zephaniah W., The Catalpa Expedition, New Bedford, 1897.
Mitchel’s last years: Usual Mitchel sources, as above.
The Wildes: Ellmann, Richard, Oscar Wilde, London, 1987; Pearson, Hesketh, The Life of Oscar Wilde, London, 1954.
29 THE FENIAN WHALER
Chapter heading: Devoy, Post Bag, Volume 2, as above.
Catalpa expedition: Pease, O Lúing, as above; Anon., The Rescue of the Military Fenians from Western Australia, with a memoir of John Devoy, Dublin, 1929.
Devoy does not put himself aboard: Gaelic American, 27 August 1904.
Breslin’s movements, USA and Australia, and Desmond: Amos, O Lúing, Anon., Rescue of Military Fenians, as above.
King and Sydney Fenians: Amos, O Lúing, as above.
Sir William Cleaver Robinson: ADB, Volume 6.
Warning from Carnarvon: Confidential report from the Earl of Carnarvon to the Governor of Western Australia, 20 January 1876, Colonial Office 18–185, copied by Australian Joint Copying Project to WAA.
O’Doherty’s parliamentary and surgical career: Patrick and Patrick, as above; Patrick, ‘From Convict to Doctor,’ as above.
O’Doherty on Lilley: Brisbane Courier, 19 February 1870.
Speech as president of the Hibernian Society: Brisbane Courier, 8 September 1871.
O’Doherty to his daughter: O’Doherty Papers, OM71–6, Envelope 1, John Oxley Library, Brisbane.
The Great Shame: And the Triumph of the Irish in the English-Speaking World Page 94