by Steven Poole
84 Suskind, Ron, ‘Without a Doubt’, NYT, 17 October 2004.
85 Quoted in Mishra, Panjak, ‘A Cautionary Tale for Americans’, New York Review of Books, 26 May 2005.
Chapter 3: Nature
1 Luntz, Frank, ‘The Environment: A Cleaner, Safer, Healthier America’ in The Luntz Research Companies: Straight Talk, memo leaked April 2003, http://www.ewg.org/briefings/luntzmemo/; cited in Burkeman, Oliver, ‘Memo Exposes Bush’s New Green Strategy’, Guardian, 4 March 2003.
2 UN A/RES/43/53, 70th plenary meeting, 6 December 1988.
3 UN A/RES/44/207, 85th plenary meeting, 22 December 1989.
4 Brown, Paul, ‘World Treaty on Climate Mapped Out’, Guardian, 31 August 1990; Koopman, D., ‘Aust “Joins Climate Criminals’”, Courier-Mail (Australia), 5 November 1990; Houghton, Sir John, former director general, UK Meteorological Office, former chair, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change working group on scientific assessment, email to author, 16 August 2005.
5 Leggett, Jeremy, The Carbon War (1999; New York, 2001), p. 17.
6 Thomas, David, ‘Global Warming Action Plan in Autumn’, Financial Times, 9 June 1990; Hunt, John, ‘US Stand on Global Warming Attacked; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’, Financial Times, 30 August 1990.
7 Hunt, Julian (Lord Hunt of Chesterton), professor of climate modelling, University College London, email to author, 21 July 2005.
8 Byers, Michael, ‘On Thinning Ice’, London Review of Books, 6 January 2005, p. 9.
9 Wearne, Jean, ‘Letter: Global Protesters’, Independent, 24 July 2001.
10 Leggett, op. cit., p. 16.
11 Email to author, 29 August 2005.
12 Safire, William, ‘Up-Or-Down: Nominations and Global Warming’, NYT, 15 August 2005.
13 Baede, A. P. M. (ed.), ‘Appendix I: Glossary’, in Houghton, J. T., Ding, Y, et al. (eds.), ‘Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’ (Cambridge, 2001), p. 788.
14 Ibid.
15 Walker, Joe, To: Global Climate Science Team, ‘Draft Global Climate Science Communications Plan’, 3 April 1998; leaked to New York Times and cited in Cushman, John H., Jr., ‘Industrial Group Plans to Battle Climate Treaty’, NYT, 26 April 1998.
16 Kolbert, Elizabeth, ‘The Climate of Man – III’, New Yorker, 9 May 2005.
17 McKie, Robin, ‘How We Put the Heat on Nature’, Observer, 30 January 2005.
18 Interview with author, 1 March 2005.
19 Monbiot, George, ‘Climate Change’, in Hubbard, Gill, and Miller, David (eds.), Arguments Against G8 (London, 2005), p. 106.
20 Kolbert, Elizabeth, ‘The Climate of Man -1’, New Yorker, 25 April 2005.
21 E.g., Balling, Robert, ‘The Increase in Global Temperature: What it Does and Does Not Tell Us’, Marshall Institute Policy Outlook, September 2003; Michaels, Patrick J., Singer, S. Fred, and Douglass, David H., ‘Settling Global Warming Science’, Washington Times, 16 August 2004; Baliunas, Sallie, and Soon, Willie, ‘Global Warming Speculation vs. Science: Just Ask the Experts’, Capitalism Magazine, 22 August 2002.
22 Sherwood, Steven, Lanzante, John, and Meyer, Cathryn, ‘Radiosonde Daytime Biases and Late-20th Century Warming’; Santer, Benjamin D., Wigley, Tom M. L., Mears, Carl, et al., ‘Amplification of Surface Temperature Trends and Variability in the Tropical Atmosphere’; Mears, Carl A., and Wentz, Frank J., ‘The Effect of Diurnal Correction on Satellite-Derived Lower Tropospheric Temperature’, Science (Science Express electronic publications), 11 August 2005.
23 ‘Climate Change: Myths and Realities’, Remarks of Eileen Claussen, President, Pew Center on Global Climate Change, New York, 17 July 2002.
24 Oreskes, Naomi, ‘The Scientific Consensus on Climate Change’, Science, Vol. 306, Issue 5702, 1686, 3 December 2004.
25 ‘Experts: Global Warming Is Real’, Reuters, 18 February 2005.
26 King, David, ‘Global Warming: “The Imperatives for Action from the Science of Climate Change’”, speech at British Embassy, Washington, DC, 13 February 2004.
27 Browne, John, ‘Beyond Kyoto’, Foreign Affairs, July/Aug 2004, p. 20ff.
28 Blair, Tony, ‘A Year of Huge Challenges’, Economist, 1 January 2005, p. 23.
29 ‘Climate Change, Extreme Events, and Coastal Cities’, report of the Shell Center for Sustainability Conference, 9–10 February 2005.
30 Wagner, Thomas, ‘G-8 Takes No Concrete Global Warming Steps’, AP, 8 July 2005.
31 Lynas, Mark, ‘Get Off the Fence Over Global Warming’, New Scientist, 25 June 2005.
32 See Dawkins, Richard, The Blind Watchmaker (1987; New York, 1996).
33 Biever, Celeste, ‘Book Thrown at Proponents of Intelligent Design’, New Scientist, 6 October 2005
34 Discovery Institute ‘Wedge Document’, http://www.antievolution.org/features/wedge.html; see also Mooney, Chris, The Republican War on Science (New York, 2005), pp. 173–4.
35 Johnson, Phillip, ‘Enlisting Science to Find the Fingerprints of a Creator’, Los Angeles Times, 25 March 2001.
36 Dembski, William A., Intelligent Design: The Bridge Between Science & Theology (Downers Grove, 1999), p. 206.
37 Behe, Michael J., Darwin’s Black Box: The Biochemical Challenge to Evolution (1996; New York, 1998).
38 Tammy J. Kitzmiller, et al. v. Dover Area School District, 4:04-CV-2688, Trial Day 11, Afternoon Session, Court Reporter’s Record, p. 90.
39 See, e.g., Kaku, Michio, ‘Hyperspace: A Scientific Odyssey’, http://www.mkaku.org; Gott, Richard J., Time Travel In Einstein’s Universe (New York, 2001).
40 Krauss, Lawrence M., ‘School Boards Want to “Teach the Controversy.” What Controversy?’, NYT, 17 May 2005.
41 Allen, John L., Jr., ‘Science, Theology and the Ontological Quest’, National Catholic Reporter, Vol. 5, No. 10,4 Nov 2005.
42 Coyne, Jerry, ‘The Case Against Intelligent Design: The Faith that Dare Not Speak Its Name’, New Republic, 22 August 2005.
43 Dembski, William A., The Design Revolution: Answering the Toughest Questions About Intelligent Design (Downers Grove, 2004), p. 137.
44 Behe, op. cit.
45 Kitzmiller v. DASD, Trial Day 12, Afternoon Session, p. 23.
46 ‘Standard 3: Life Science Grades 8–12’, Benchmark 3,3.d., Kansas Science Education Standards Draft 2, 12 July 2005; and also in Draft 2(d) of 9 August 2005, p. 75.
47 Emails to author, 11 August 2005.
48 Email to author, 27 August, 2005.
49 Hanna, John, ‘Kansas Changes Science Learning Standards’, AP, 8 November 2005.
50 ‘Darwin’s Greatest Challenge Tackled: The Mystery of Eye Evolution’, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 28 October 2004; Arendt, D., Tessmar-Raible, K., Snyman, H., Dorresteijn, A., and Wittbrodt, J., ‘Ciliary Photoreceptors with Vertebrate-type Opsins in an Invertebrate Brain’, Science, 29 October 2004.
51 E.g., Krem, Maxwell M., and Di Cera, Enrico, ‘Evolution of Enzyme Cascades From Embryonic Development to Blood Coagulation’, Trends in Biochemical Sciences, Vol. 27, No. 2, February 2002, pp. 67–74; Jiang, Yong, and Doolittle, Russell F., ‘The Evolution of Vertebrate Blood Coagulation as Viewed From a Comparison of Puffer Fish and Sea Squirt Genomes’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 100, No. 13, 24 June 2003, pp. 7527–32.
52 Kitzmiller v. DASD, Trial Day 11, Afternoon Session, pp. 38–9.
53 Orr, H. Allen, ‘Devolution’, New Yorker, 30 May 2005.
54 Dembski, William A., ‘Becoming a Disciplined Science: Prospects, Pitfalls, and Reality Check for ID’, 25 October 2002, http://www.design inference.com/documents/2002.10.27.Disciplined_Science.htm; and cited in Brauer, Matthew J., Forrest, Barbara and Gey, Steven G., ‘Is It Science Yet? Intelligent Design, Creationism and the Constitution’, Washington University Law Quarterly, Vol. 83, No. 1, 2005, p. 56ff.
55 Brauer, et. al., op. cit., pp. 81–2.
56 ‘Intelligent Design’, Nightlin
e, ABC, 10 August 2005.
57 Ibid.
58 Mooney, op. cit., pp. 67–8.
59 Horgan, John, ‘In Defense of Common Sense’, NYT, 12 August 2005.
60 Mooney, Chris, ‘Beware “Sound Science.” It’s Doublespeak for Trouble’, Washington Post, 29 February 2004.
61 Chinni, Dante, ‘Arsenic Flap and “Sound Science”’, Christian Science Monitor, 14 June 2001.
62 Ibid.
63 Mooney, ‘Beware Sound Science’, op. cit.
64 Brainard, Jeffrey, ‘How Sound Is Bush’s “Sound Science”?’, Chronicle of Higher Education, 5 March 2004.
65 Jehl, Douglas, and Revkin, Andrew C., ‘Bush Reverses Vow to Curb Gas Tied to Global Warming’, NYT, 14 March 2001.
66 ‘Restoring Scientific Integrity in Policymaking’, statement of the Union of Concerned Scientists, http://www.ucsusa.org, 18 February 2004.
67 Revkin, Andrew C., ‘Bush Aide Softened Greenhouse Gas Links to Global Warming’, NYT, 8 June 2005.
68 Hebert, H. Josef, ‘Ex-White House Official to Join Fuel Co’, AP, 14 June 2005.
69 Woodward, Bob, Plan of Attack (London, 2004), p. 443.
70 Schwartz, Peter, and Randall, Doug, ‘An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United States National Security’, report commissioned for the US DoD, October 2003
71 Graham, Judith, ‘Mountain Blooms Foster Warnings About Warming’, Chicago Tribune, 17 July 2003; Campbell, Deborah, and Burkeman, Oliver, ‘CIA Switches From Covert Ops to Kids’ Stuff: Spy Agency’s Website Puts On a Cheerful Face for Youngsters, But Contradicts the Official White House Line On Global Warming’, Guardian, 7 April 2004.
72 Tonight with Trevor McDonald, ITV, 29 June 2005.
73 Hunt, Julian, ‘How Can Cities Mitigate and Adapt to Climate Change?’, Building Research and Information, Vol. 32, No. 1, January-February 2004, pp. 55–7.
74 Hunt, Julian, email to author, 21 July 2005.
75 McKinnon, John D., and Cooper, Christopher, ‘Bush Will “Lead” Drive for Changes to Social Security’, Wall Street Journal, 11 January 2005.
76 Shah, Sonia, Crude: The Story of Oil (New York, 2005), p. 147.
77 Billig, Michelle, ‘The Venezuelan Oil Crisis: How to Secure America’s Energy’, Foreign Affairs, Sept/Oct 2004, pp. 2–5.
78 Cited in Byers, op. cit.
79 US Department of State Daily Press Briefing, 22 April 2005.
80 ‘National Defense Budget Estimates for FY 2005’, DoD, March 2004.
81 Smith, Adam, Inquiry into the Wealth of Nations (1776), V. iii, cited in OED, ‘natural’, 19b.
82 Lutz, William, The New Doublespeak: Why No One Knows What Anyone’s Saying Anymore (1996; New York, 1997), pp. 174–5.
83 Genesis 1: 26.
84 Cook, Robin, The Point of Departure (2003; London, 2004), p. 365.
85 ChevronTexaco advertisement, New Yorker, 14 and 21 February 2005, pp. 8–9.
86 ‘Natural Gas 1998: Issues and Trends’, US Energy Information Administration, April 1999.
87 Ibid.
88 OED, ‘human’, a. (n.), 3b.
89 Klemperer, Victor, trans. Brady, Martin, The Language of the Third Reich: LTI, Lingua Tertii Imperii: A Philologist’s Notebook (LTI Notizbuch eines Philologen, Third edition, Halle, 1957; London, 2000), pp. 148–50.
90 Hume, David, A Treatise of Human Nature, (1739; Oxford, 1986), III i ii, p. 474.
91 ‘Genetically Modified Crops: The Ethical and Social Issues’, Nuffield Council on Bioethics, 1 May 1999; and cited in Cook, Guy, Genetically Modified Language (Abingdon, 2004), p. 99.
92 ‘About Us’, http://www.afic.org
93 ‘Food Biotechnology: A Communications Guide to Improving Understanding’, Asian Food Information Centre, International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications, October 2001.
94 Cook, Guy, op. cit., p. 88.
95 ‘Communicating with Consumers on Food Biotechnology’, report of the Asian Food Information Centre 2003 Qualitative Research Results, http://www.afic.org, May 2004.
96 Windsor, Charles, ‘My 10 Fears for GM Food’, Daily Mail, 1 June 1999; cited in Cook, Guy, p. 141.
97 Birkbeck Hill, George (ed.), Boswell’s Life of Johnson (Oxford, 1897), Vol. 3, p. 105.
98 Collingwood, R. G., The Idea of Nature (Oxford, 1945), p. 3.
99 ‘Prime Minister Remembers “Inspirational” Pope John Paul II’, Downing Street, 4 April 2005.
100 ‘President’s Radio Address’, White House, 9 April 2005.
101 Hume, op. cit., III ii, p. 481.
102 ‘Sen. Rick Santorum’s Comments on Homosexuality in an AP Interview’, AP, 22 April 2003.
103 See Jones, Lucien, The Transparent Head (Cambridge, 2005), p. 237.
104 Aristotle, trans. Jowett, Benjamin, Politics (Oxford, 1885), I v, 1254 a, p. 7.
105 Lukacs, John, Democracy and Populism: Fear and Hatred (London, 2005), p. 22.
106 Ibid, p. 23.
107 See Pinker, Steven, The Blank Slate (New York, 2002).
108 ‘Sarajevo’, Human Rights Watch, 1 October 1994.
Chapter 4: Tragedy
1 Honigsbaum, Mark, ‘Brazilian Did Not Wear Bulky Jacket’, Guardian, 28 July 2005.
2 Ibid.
3 Honigsbaum, Mark and Dodd, Vikram, ‘Brazilian Was Shot Eight Times, Inquest Told’, Guardian, 26 July 2005.
4 Cowan, Rosie, et al., ‘Met Chief Warns More Could Be Shot’, Guardian, 25 July 2005.
5 Thompson, Tony et al, “Man shot in terror hunt was innocent young Brazilian”, Observer, July 24, 2005
6 ‘The New Face of London’s Police’, Economist, 28 July 2005.
7 ‘London Cops ID Two Suspects’, CBS News, 25 July 2005.
8 Jones, George, ‘Clerics Who Spit Hate Must Go, Says Major’, Daily Telegraph, 26 July 2005.
9 Cowan, op. cit.
10 Honigsbaum, op. cit.
11 Thompson, op. cit
12 Chomsky, Noam, Necessary Illusions (London, 1989), p. 213.
13 Speech at UN General Assembly, 13 December 1998.
14 Okrent, Daniel, The Public Editor: The Hottest Button, How the Times Covers Israel and Palestine’, NYT, 24 April 2005.
15 Kepel, Gilles, The War for Muslim Minds: Islam and the West (Cambridge, Mass., 2004), p. 133.
16 Nir, Ori, ‘Word of the Month: Walls and Fence’, Tzavta (Israel Center’s Young Adults Program), February 2004.
17 Mayes, Ian, ‘Addition and Long Division’, Guardian, 9 August 2003.
18 Halliday, Fred, 100 Myths About the Middle East (London, 2005), p. 245.
19 Front Row, BBC Radio 4, 3 December 2004.
20 Alpher, Yossi, ‘An Israeli View: Folly’, http://www.bitterlemons.org, 13 June 2005.
21 Raum, Tom, ‘Bush Criticizes Israeli Fence, Tells Abbas Terror Must End’, AP, 26 July 2003.
22 Jordan Times, 2 July 2003.
23 Mayes, op. cit.
24 Rose, Jacqueline, ‘Deadly Embrace’, London Review of Books, 4 November 2004, p. 21.
25 Izenberg, Dan, ‘ACRI: ICJ Fence Ruling Correct’, Jerusalem Post, 6 May 2005.
26 Lappin, Yaakov, ‘Calls for Israel’s Destruction in London’, Jerusalem Post, 22 May 2005.
27 ‘Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory’, International Court of Justice, General List No. 131, 9 July 2004.
28 Yoaz, Yuval, ‘State to High Court: Fence Route Determined Not Only By Security Considerations’, Ha’aretz, 4 July 2005.
29 US Department of State Daily Press Briefing, 11 July 2005.
30 Harel, Amos, ‘55,000 Palestinians to Be Cut Off By J’lem Fence’, Ha’aretz, 10 July 2005.
31 ‘Sharon is Dividing Jerusalem’, Ha’aretz, 13 July 2005.
32 Ibid.
33 Forman, Geremy, and Kedar, Alexandre (Sandy), ‘From Arab Land to “Israel Lands”: The Legal Dispossession of the Palestinians Displaced by Israel in the Wake of 1948’, Environment and Planning D: Societ
y and Space 2004, Vol. 22, pp. 809–30.
34 Rapoport, Meiron, ‘Ces Palestiniens qui se croyaient propriétaires à Jérusalem’, Courrier International, 27 January 2005.
35 Dor, Daniel, Intifada Hits the Headlines (Bloomington, 2004), pp. 45 and 144.
36 Dian Bahur-Nir and Ali Waked, ‘“Israel Will Eventually Disappear”’, Ynet News, 12 July 2005.
37 Quoted in Ruthven, Malise, Fundamentalism: The Search for Meaning (Oxford, 2004), p. 165.
38 E.g., in Kahane, Meir, Uncomfortable Questions for Comfortable Jews (Secaucus, 1987), passim.
39 Morris, Benny, ‘Camp David and After: An Exchange (1. An Interview with Ehud Barak)’, New York Review of Books, 13 June 2002.
40 Safire, William, ‘a.k.a Abu’, NYT, 18 May 2003.
41 Young, Michael, ‘Did Mahmoud Abbas Finance the 1972 Munich Olympic Takeover?’, Slate, 24 July 2003.
42 Cited in Stone, I. F., ‘Holy War’, Les Temps Modernes, June 1967.
43 E.g., in Garaudy, Roger, ‘The Myth of a “Land Without People for a People Without Land”’, Journal of Historical Review, Vol. 18, No. 5, p. 38.
44 Judt, Tony, ‘The Road to Nowhere: An Exchange’, New York Review of Books, 18 July 2002.
45 ‘History of Israeli Settlements’, AP, 9 August 2005.
46 Morris, op. cit.
47 Ash, Daniel, ‘Settlements: A User’s Guide’, Dissident Voice, 17 May 2003.
48 Ghosn, Ghassan E., personal communication.
49 UN Security Council Resolution 446, 22 March 1979.
50 ‘Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory’, International Court of Justice, 9 July 2004.
51 King Jr., Neil, and Leggett, Karby, ‘Will Bush Get Tough With Sharon?’, Wall Street Journal, 8–10 April 2005.
52 Prusher, Elaine, ‘Barak Torn Two Ways by West Bank Settlements’, Guardian, 13 October 1999.
53 ‘Euphemisms for Israeli Settlements Confuse Coverage’, Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, 26 June 2002.
54 ‘A Performance-Based Road Map to a Permanent Two-State Solution to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict by the Quartet (European Union, United States, the Russian Federation and the United Nations)’, 30 April 2003.