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Global Crisis

Page 158

by Parker, Geoffrey


  Kangxi, emperor of China (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii)

  Kaplan, Steven L. (i), (ii)

  Karelia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v) n 91

  Kei'an Laws (i)

  Kent (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Kepler, Johannes (i), (ii), (iii)

  Kerbala (i)

  Kerdiff, John (i)

  Kern, Leonhard (i), Plate 2

  Khaniá (i)

  Khmelnytsky, Bohdan (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)

  Khyber Pass (i)

  Kiev (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Kilkenny (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Kishimoto Mio (i), (ii), (iii)

  Kishlansky, Mark (i) n 18, (ii) n 92

  Kivelson, Valerie (i)

  Knox, John (i)

  Koçi Beg, Mustafa (i), (ii) n 30

  Kodak fortress (i)

  Koenigsberger, Helmut G. (i)

  Komagatake (i)

  Komlos, John (i), (ii)

  Kongelov (Danish Royal Law) (i), (ii)

  Kongo, kingdom of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Königsmarck, Hans Christoff (i)

  Köprülü, Mehmet (i), (ii), (iii) n 52

  Köprülü Fazil Ahmed (i), (ii)

  Korea (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)

  Kösem, mother of Sultans Murad IV and Ibrahim (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Kozlov (i), (ii)

  Kraków (i), (ii), (iii)

  Kumazawa Banzan (i)

  Kyoto (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) n 48

  Kysil, Adam (i)

  Kyushu (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), see also Shimabara

  Ladoga, lake (i)

  Lahore (i)

  Laicacota (i), (ii)

  Lahori, Abdul Hamid (i)

  Laimbauer, Martin (i), (ii)

  Lambert, John (i), (ii)

  Lambeth Palace (i), (ii)

  Lamormaini, William (i), (ii)

  Lancashire (i), (ii), (iii)

  Lancellotti, Secondo (i), (ii), (iii)

  Lang, Hans Conrad

  Languedoc (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Laud, William (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x) n 17

  ‘Laud's Liturgy’, see Prayer Book

  Laws of War (i), (ii) n 39, (iii) n 65

  Leary, Timothy (i)

  Leiden (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Leipzig (i), (ii), (iii)

  Lemnos (i), (ii)

  Lemos, Pedro Antonio Fernández de Castro, count of (i)

  Lena, river (i)

  Lennaeus (Lenaeus), Johannes Canuti, (i)

  Lens, battle of (i), (ii)

  Leopold, Holy Roman Emperor (i)

  Lérida, see Lleida

  Leslie, Alexander (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Leuven (i), (ii)

  Levi, Scott (i)

  Levy, Jack S. (i)

  Lexington (i)

  Li Tingsheng (i)

  Li Wen (i)

  Li Zicheng (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix) n 53, (xx) n 55, (xxi) n 23

  Liangshan mountain (i)

  Liaodong (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Libya (i)

  Lille (i), (ii)

  Lilly, William (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) n 41

  Lima (Peru) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Lincolnshire (i)

  Lingnan (i), (ii), (iii)

  Linz (i), (ii)

  Lisbon (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi)

  Literacy (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii) n 50, see also Education

  Lithuania (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Little Ice Age (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (xxxviii), (xxxix), (xl), (xli), (xlii), (xliii), (xliv), (xlv), (xlvi), (xlvii), (xlviii), (xlix), (l), (li), (lii), (liii), (liv), (lv), (lvi), (lvii), (lviii), (lix), (lx), (lxi), (lxii), (lxiii) n 3, (lxiv) n 22, (lxv) n 78, (lxvi) n 93, Plates 7, 9, Figs 5, 18, see also Drought, Floods, ‘Years without a summer’

  Livorno (i)

  Lleida (Lérida) (i), (ii)

  Locke, John (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii) n 44

  Locusts (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), Fig. 17

  Lombardy (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), see also Lombardy

  Lombardo de Guzmán, Don Guillén (also Lompart) (i), (ii)

  London (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (xxxviii), (xxxix), (xl), (xli), (xlii), (xliii), (xliv), (xlv), (xlvi), (xlvii), (xlviii), (xlix), (l), (li), (lii), (liii), (liv), (lv), (lvi), (lvii), (lviii), (lix), (lx), (lxi), (lxii), (lxiii), (lxiv), (lxv), (lxvi), (lxvii), (lxviii), (lxix), (lxx), (lxxi), (lxxii), (lxxiii), (lxxiv), (lxxv), (lxxvi), (lxxvii), (lxxviii), (lxxix), (lxxx), Plate 25, Figs 6, 35

  Londonderry (i)

  Long Island (i), (ii)

  Long Parliament (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), see also Parliament, English

  Loofeldt, Peter (i)

  Lope de Vega Carpio, Félix Arturo (i)

  López Cogulludo, Diego (i)

  Lorraine (i), (ii), (iii)

  Los Vélez, Pedro Fajardo de Zúñiga y Requesens, marquis of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Lothian, Robert Kerr earl of (i), (ii)

  Louis XIII, king of France (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv) n 77

  Louis XIV, king of France (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (xxxviii), (xxxix), (xl), (xli), (xlii), (xliii), (xliv), (xlv), (xlvi), (xlvii), (xlviii), (xlix), (l), (li), (lii) n 43

  Louis, the ‘Grand Dauphin’, son of Louis XIV (i), (ii) n 40, (iii) n 76

  Low Countries (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), see also Dutch Republic, Flanders, Holland

  Lu Shiyi (i)

  Luanda (i), (ii)

  Lucas, Charles (i)

  Lucas, Margaret (i), see also Newcastle, marquis of

  Lucas, Thomas (i)

  Lucena (i)

  Ludolf, Lorenz (i), (ii)

  Lukaris, Cyril (i)

  Lupu, Vasile (i)

  Luther, Martin (i), (ii)

  Lutter-am-Barenberg, battle of (i)

  Lutzenberger, Jürg (i)

  Luzern (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Lü Kun (i)

  Lützen, battle of (i)

  Lviv (Lwów) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Lyon (i)

  Maas, river (i), (ii), (iii)

  Macao (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Macauley, Thomas Babington (i)

  Macedonia (i), (ii), (iii)

  McNeill, John (i)

  Macro-regions (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi) n 28

  Madras (i)

  Madrid (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxv
ii), (xxxviii), (xxxix), (xl), (xli), Plates 6, 10, Fig. 27

  Maetsuycker, Johan (i)

  Magdeburg (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Maguire, Connor, Lord (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Main, river (i)

  Maine (i), (ii)

  Mainz (i), (ii), (iii)

  Maize (corn) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii)

  Málaga (i)

  Malaria (i), (ii), (iii)

  Malden (i)

  Makassar (i), (ii), (iii)

  Malaria (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), see also Disease

  Mallorca (i)

  Malta (i)

  Manastir (i)

  Mancera, Pedro Álvarez de Toledo y Leiva, marquis of (i), (ii)

  Manchester, Edward Montagu, Lord Kimbolton and earl of (i), (ii), (iii) n 97

  Manchuria (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi)

  Manchus, see Qing

  ‘Mandate of Heaven’ (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii) n 55, (xiv) n 52

  Manila (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi)

  ‘Manila Galleon’ (i), (ii) n 44

  Mannheim (i)

  Mantua, duchy of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi) n 107

  Mantua, Margaret, duchess of (i), (ii)

  Manuelinho, leader of Évora rebellion (i), (ii)

  Mao Zedong (i) n 53

  Maps (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), Plate 20

  Marabouts (i), (ii), (iii)

  Marcos Martín, Alberto (i)

  María Teresa, Spanish princess (i), (ii), (iii) n 67

  Markets (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (xxxviii), (xxxix), Plate 18

  Marriage (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii)

  Marsala (i)

  Marsden, William (i)

  Marshall, Stephen (i), (ii), (iii) n 9

  Marston Moor, battle of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Martí i Viladamor, Francesc (i), (ii)

  Martinez de Mata, Francisco (i)

  Martorell (i)

  Marvell, Andrew (i)

  Marx, Karl (i) n 8

  Mary II, queen of England (i), (ii), (iii)

  Maryland (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Masaniello (Tommaso Aniello) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv) nn 23, (xvi), (xvii) n 63, (xviii) n 17, (xix) n 85, Plates 18, 21

  Massachusetts (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii)

  Massieu, Guillaume (i)

  Mather, Increase (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor (i)

  Mauch, Christof (i)

  Maul, Johann Georg (i)

  ‘Maunder Minimum’ (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v) nn 36, (vi), Plate 1, Fig. 2, see also Sunspots

  Mauritania (i)

  Mauritsstad (now Recife) (i)

  Maximilian, archduke of Austria (i)

  Maximilian, duke and Elector of Bavaria (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Maxwell, Robert (i)

  Maya Civilization (i), (ii) n 2

  Mazar-e Sharif (i)

  Mazarin, Jules (Giulio Mazzarini) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii)

  Mazarinades (i), (ii), Fig. 34

  Mecca (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Mechelen (i)

  Mecklenburg (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Mede, Joseph (i)

  Media anata, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Medici, Marie de, queen regent of France (i)

  Medicine (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), see also Disease

  Medina Sidonia, Gaspar Pérez de Guzmán y Sandoval, duke of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Mediterranean Sea (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), Figs 11, 20

  Medreses (Arabic: Madrasas) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv) n 75

  Medway (i)

  Mehmed III, Ottoman Sultan (i)

  Mehmed IV, Ottoman Sultan (i), (ii), (iii) n 72

  Melaka (i), (ii), (iii)

  Melo, Don Francisco de (i), (ii)

  Memmingen (i)

  Men, masculinity (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)

  Mencius (i)

  Mentet de Salmonet, Robert (Robert Menteith) (i)

  Merian, Maria Sybilla (i)

  Merriman, Roger B. (i)

  Mersenne, Marin (i) n 40, (ii) n 57

  Merton, Robert K. (i), (ii)

  Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa (i)

  Mesopotamia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Messianic leaders, see Prophets

  Messina (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  van Meteren, Emanuel (i)

  Meuse, river, see Maas

  Mexico (New Spain) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii)

  Mexico City (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Miami (i)

  Miantonomo, Narragansett leader (i)

  Michael Romanov, Tsar of Russia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)

  Migration (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv) n 5, (xv) n 87, (xvi) n 15

  Mikhail, Alan (i)

  Milan, city (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x) n 62, Fig. 15, see also Lombardy

  Millet (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi)

  Milton, John (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii) n 18, (viii) n 6

  Minck, Johann Daniel (i), (ii)

  Ming dynasty (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (xxxviii), (xxxix), (xl), (xli), (xlii), (xliii), (xliv), (xlv), (xlvi), (xlvii), (xlviii), (xlix), (l), (li), (lii), (liii), (liv), (lv), (lvi), (lvii)

  Miraculous reunion (play) (i), (ii) n 54

  Mississippi, river (i)

  Mitchelson, Margaret (i)

  Mogilev (i)

  Mohawks (i), (ii), (iii) n 42

  Moldavia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Molesworth, Robert (i)

  Molière (Jean-Baptiste Poquelin) (i)

  Moncada, Sancho de (i)

  Monck, George (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

  Monferrat (i)

  Monjuich (i)

  Monmouth, James Scott, duke of (i), (ii)

  Monro, Robert (i)

  Monrodón, Miquel Joan (i)

  Montcada, Joan Luis (i)

  Monterrey (i)

  Moore, Lady Alice (i)

  Moosvi, Shireen (i)

  Moote, Lloyd (i)

  Moravia (i), (ii)

  Morocco (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Morozov, Boris (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Mortality (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv) n 12, Plates 5, 16, 19, 21, 22, 25, Figs 6, 11, 12, 13, 24, 27, 34, 53, see also suicide

  Morton, Richard (i)

  Morton, Thomas (i)

  Moscow (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (
x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii) n 27

  Moscow, ‘Eternal Peace’ of (i), (ii), (iii)

  La Mothe La Forêt, Antoine Dupuy, lord of (i), (ii)

  La Mothe le Vayer, François (i), (ii) n 77

  Motteville, Françoise Bertaut, Madame de (i), (ii) n 42

  Mughal empire and dynasty (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (xxxviii), (xxxix), (xl) n 42, (xli) n 1, (xlii) n 19, (xliii) n 39, (xliv) n 6, Fig. 39, see also India

  Mühlhausen (i)

  Mukden (now Shenyang) (i), (ii)

  Mundy, Peter (i), (ii)

  Munich (i), (ii)

  Münster (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), see also Westphalia

  Murad IV, Ottoman Sultan (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)

  Murray, William (‘Little Will Murray’) (i)

  Musashi (i)

  Music, Songs (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv) n 103

  Muscovy, see Russia

  Muslims, see Islam

  Mustafa, Ottoman sultan (i)

  Myddle (England) (i)

  Mystic (Connecticut) (i), (ii), (iii), Plate 19

  Nadal, Jorge (i), (ii)

  Nagasaki (i), (ii), (iii)

  Najaf (i)

  Nájera (i)

  Nalson, James (i)

  Namarrkon (the ‘Lightning Spirit’) (i)

  Nanchang (i)

  Nanjing (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii) n 64

  Nantes, edict of (i), (ii)

  Nanyang (i)

  Napier, Richard (i), (ii) n 4, (iii) n 65

  Naples (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii), (xxxiii), (xxxiv), (xxxv), (xxxvi), (xxxvii), (xxxviii), (xxxix), (xl), (xli), (xlii), (xliii), (xliv), (xlv), (xlvi), (xlvii), (xlviii), (xlix), (l), (li), (lii), (liii) n 7, (liv) n 14, (lv) n 64, Plates 18, 21, Fig. 41

  Narva (i)

  Naseby (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  Nasir al-Din (i), (ii)

  Nassau, Maurice count of (i), (ii)

  Nathan of Gaza (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  National Covenant (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x) n 59, see also Covenanters

  Naudé, Gabriel (i) n 45

  Navalmoral de Toledo (i), Fig. 10

  Navarre (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  Navarrete (i)

 

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