Enemies Within: Inside the NYPD's Secret Spying Unit and bin Laden's Final Plot Against America
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call for Cohen resignation by, 39
and Cohen appointment as NYPD deputy commissioner for intelligence, 40
Hersh CIA article in, 47
and Muslim reaction to 9/11 attack, 99
Pentagon Papers leak by, 46–47
and secrecy of NYPD investigations, 193
Shata story in, 191, 192
Siraj trial story in, 192
Zazi interview with, 256
New Yorker: NYPD profile in, 17
Newark, New Jersey: mapping of Muslims in, 87
Niebo, Joseph, 146
Nile Valley Grocery (Brooklyn), 86
The 9/11 Commission Report, 70
Nixon, Richard M., 46, 47
NYPD (New York Police Department): accomplishments of, 190–91, 257
“black desk” at, 45
Brennan visit to, 279
CIA officer assignment with, 127, 283
civil rights case against, 279
Cohen-Sanchez vision for, 69
corruption in, 28
demographics of New York City and, 64
denial of requests for public information by, 179, 193
early intelligence activities within, 44–45
FBI compared with, 193–94, 209
FBI relationship with, 24, 30, 49, 229
foreign assignments of officers of, 81–83
infiltration of activist groups by, 41–42
JTTF relationship with, 81, 151, 280
mission/function of, 52, 67
National Lawyers Guild and, 42–44
New Left lawsuit against, 43–44
oversight of, 142, 280–81, 283
powers of, 209
profiling by, 72–73
recruiting for, 74–75, 130
secrecy of, 281
September 11, 2001 and, 48–49
training of officers for, 65
whistle-blowers within, 281 See also Demographics Unit, NYPD; Handschu rules/guidelines; Intelligence Division, NYPD; specific person or investigation
Obama, Barack, 114, 261, 284
Odom, William E., 19
Office of Economic Research, CIA, 65
Ohio: white van from, 58, 59, 248–51, 275
Ohio State Highway Patrol, 250
Oklahoma City bombing (1995), 51, 161
Olson, Steve: CIAC and, 163
and raid on Zazi apartment, 256, 258, 263–64
retirement of, 283
Zazi arrest and, 272
Zazi family surveillance and, 59, 166, 167, 168, 172
Zazi-FBI interview and, 256, 262
Zazi investigation and, 10, 11, 12, 55, 231, 239, 241–42, 257, 259
and Zazi Sana Pakhtana email account, 54
Omar, Mullah, 96
Operation Witches Brew (NYPD Intel), 216–17
Orlando, Kim, 81
Ostermann (dog), 166, 168, 171–72
Pakistan: al-Qaeda in, 9, 107–14, 167, 218
bin Laden in, 117
Khan trips to, 203, 247
police in, 105–6
Shehadeh flight to, 18, 148, 229–30
and Soviets in Afghanistan, 95
Taliban in, 9, 102, 158
Vinas in, 210, 213–20
Zazi-Ahmedzay-Medunjanin trip to, 9, 16, 89, 103–18, 204, 246, 247, 268–69
Zazi family as refugees in, 93–94, 96
Palantir Technologies, 207–8
Papadacos, Ari, 16, 224, 227–28, 232, 233–34, 237–38, 283
Parker, Stuart, 86, 134, 197
Parola, Wayne, 122, 123–24
Patriot Act, 13–14, 205, 206
Pearlman, Melanie, 159, 160, 161
The Pentagon Papers, 46–47
People’s Summit New Orleans, 144–45
“persons of interest,” 191
Pinkall, Steve, 129
political groups: investigations of, 44, 142–43
polygraph machines, 153–54
Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, 15, 60–61, 62–63, 64, 232–33, 238
Powers, Donald, 143, 144
Prism program, NSA, 53
profiling, 72–73
Queens: Afghan community in, 92
American Airlines Flight 587 crash in, 28–29
demographics of, 73, 92
ethnic neighborhoods in, 64
population of, 92
subway system for, 92–93
as Zazi cross-country trip destination, 59–60, 64 See also Flushing, New York; specific person or site
Queens College, 100–101, 140, 155, 175
Radicalization in the West: The Home-grown Threat (NYPD), 125–27, 133, 134, 139
Rahman, Atiyah Abd al-, 218
Rahman, Omar Abdel, 184
Rahman, Shamiur, 195–96
rakers, 75–77, 85–88, 89, 128, 154, 278, 282
Rankin, Mike, 55
Rashid, Tariq Abdur, 132
Rassier, William, 244
Rauf, Rashid, 108–9, 110, 275
Reagan, Ronald, 30, 67
Rehak, Lisa, 55
Reid, Richard, 71–72
religion: and FBI-NYPD Intelligence relations, 150
role in NYC counterterrorism efforts of, 279 See also mosques/religious schools
religious rhetoric: and identification of terrorists, 133–35, 136–37, 138–41
Republican National Convention (New York City, 2004), 152
rhetoric: definition of radical, 133
and fusion center mission, 162
and identification of terrorists, 126, 128, 130–37, 138–41
political, 128, 132, 137
religious, 133–35, 136–37, 138–41
Richardson, Bill, 66
Ritter, William, 158, 159–61, 166, 167
Roberts, Gene, 42
Rohde, Stephen, 44
Rutgers University, 24–25, 230
Sabir, Haji, 214
Sahb, Shah, 214
Salafism, 138–40, 141, 194, 227
Sana Pakhtana email account, 53–55
Sanchez, Larry: and approval and renewal of investigations, 197
Atta case study and, 69, 71, 72
changes in NYPD Intelligence Division and, 138
CIA career of, 66–67
as CIA temporary consultant with NYPD, 66–68
as Cohen deputy, 83
Cohen proposal concerning, 66–68
Cohen relationship with, 66, 69, 283
congressional testimony of, 127, 133, 148
creation of Intel Division and, 81
and demographics of New York City, 69, 73
and FBI-NYPD Intelligence relations, 149–50
Henoch meeting with, 83–85
and identification of terrorists, 127, 133
mosque investigations and, 186, 187
and NYPD foreign assignments, 83–85
NYPD vision of, 69
personality of, 68, 69
post-NYPD activities of, 283
professional background of, 66–67
profiling and, 72
and recruiting for NYPD, 74–75, 76
and uniqueness of Intelligence Division, 147, 148
Savio, Mario, 131
Schaffer, Andrew, 197
Schmatz, Trenton, 233
SCIFs (Sensitive Compartmented Information Facilities), 7–8
Scott, John, 237, 238, 241
search warrants: for Zazi in Denver, 256
for Zazi NYC places of interest, 242
secret prisons, 6, 68, 73, 154, 190, 259–60, 261, 279
secret warrants, 231, 239–40, 242
Seidel, Charlie, 124
Senate Intelligence Committee, U.S., 36–37, 47
Sensitive Data Unit, NYPD, 129
September 11, 2001: al-Qaeda and, 98, 99, 112, 203
anniversaries of, 13, 24, 59, 216, 223–34, 278
“big wedding” as al-Qaeda code word for, 9
Cohen views about, 150
construction following, 5
and demogr
aphics of New York City, 69
and detainment of Muslim immigrants, 29
dossiers of hijackers on, 69
as failure of analysis, 203
FBI and, 49
and FBI-NYPD Intelligence Division relationship, 149
and Handschu ruling, 52
impact of, 13–14
influence on Zazi of, 98
as intelligence failure, 150, 203
Muslim reaction to, 99
NYPD Intelligence Division and, 48–49
religious rhetoric and, 133–34
and theological and geopolitical underpinnings of terrorism, 138
and Zazi visit to Lower Manhattan, 224–25
Shahzad, Faisal, 281
Shata, Sheik Reda, 191–92, 193
Shea, Jim, 14, 15, 17, 19, 60, 174, 185, 227–28, 229, 282
Sheehan, Michael, 129, 148, 183–86
Shehadeh, Abdel Hameed, 18, 148, 229–30
Shehhi, Marwan al-, 70–71
Shepard, David, 164–65
Sherzad, Mohammad, 99
Shibh, Ramzi bin al-, 6, 70
Shirzad, Fatana, 99
shoe bomber (Richard Reid), 71–72
Shukrijumah, Adnan el-, 112–14, 115–16, 275
Siegel, Franklin, 48
Silber, Mitchell, 126–27, 139, 143, 144, 152, 197, 212, 280
Silwi, Sheik Hamud al-, 189
Siraj, Shahawar Matin, 151–52, 175, 176, 192–93
Sirakovsky, Daniel, 174–76, 244
60 Minutes (CBS-TV): Cohen interview on, 190
Skillman, Chris, 263
Slatkin, Nora, 66
Slepian, Barnett, 131
“sneak and peeks,” 14, 208
Socialist Workers Party, 131
Somali, Saleh al-, 54, 117, 160, 170, 218, 239, 275
Somalia: Black Hawk shootdown (1993) in, 38
Sorge, John, 122
Special Services Unit, NYPD, 130, 192
spiritual mentors: and identification of terrorists, 126
“spotting and assessing,” 34
State Department, U.S., 23–24, 82, 138, 182
sting operations, 178
Stolar, Elsie, 49, 50
Stolar, Martin, 41–44, 48, 49–50, 128
Stony Brook University: Muslim activities at, 212
subway system, New York City: and Herald Square bombing, 151–53, 192–93, 196
importance of, 92–93
No. 7 train of, 92–93
as potential al-Qaeda target, 113
Zazi-Ahmedzay-Medunjanin plan to bomb, 118, 197, 199–201, 274
Zazi travel on, 224
suicide bombers: al-Feisel views about, 101
bombs for, 3
and Denver Art Museum threat, 159, 161
Medunjanin views about, 101
training for, 109–10
Zazi-Ahmedzay-Medunjanin decision to become, 114
Zazi interest in, 102 See also specific person
surveillance teams, 56–57. See also specific person
Sweeney, Bill, 6–7, 16, 202, 283
Tablighi Jamaat (Group for Preaching), 182–83, 211
Talib, Ali ibn Abi, 138
Taliban: in Afghanistan, 96–97, 99, 101, 103–4, 218
and Ahmedzay-Medunjanin-Zazi trip to Pakistan, 103–4, 110, 117
Barelvi as anti-, 147
and divisions among U.S. Afghan community, 99
Lindh case and, 182
in Pakistan, 9, 102, 158
U.S. invasion of Afghanistan and, 101, 102 See also specific person
targeted killing, 74
Tea Room (Bay Ridge, Brooklyn), 133
Technical Operations Unit, NYPD, 195–96
telephone companies: FBI and, 207–8
Templeton, Michael, 153–54
Tenet, George, 39, 67–68
terrorism: absence of, 154–55, 190, 213, 216, 257
similarity among post-9/11 cases of, 20
theological and geopolitical underpinnings of, 138–41
terrorism enterprise investigations, 180–86, 188, 195, 197, 212. See also specific investigation
Terrorist Interdiction Unit, NYPD, 132, 146, 188, 192, 194, 195
terrorists: creation of, 133–37
identification of, 125–27, 130–37, 138–41
Terry, Randall, 131
Thayba Islamic Center (Brooklyn), 146, 147
ticking-time-bomb scenario, 259–60
Tillman Base, U.S. (Afghanistan), 216, 217
Times Square: bombing in, 142–45, 281
as potential al-Qaeda target, 113
Time’s Up (nonprofit group), 144, 188
Torricelli, Robert, 32
Townsend, Fran, 213
training camps, terrorist: and identification of potential U.S. targets, 113
Medunjanin-JTTF interview about, 268–69
Vinas and, 213, 215–16, 218
and Zazi-Ahmedzay-Medunjanin trip to Pakistan and Afghanistan, 106–16, 218, 267
undercover work: at Denver Art Museum, 161
and FBI-NYPD Intelligence relations, 150
and Handschu-NYPD case, 48, 52
identification of terrorists and, 130, 140–41
mosque investigations and, 183, 186, 187
recruitment for, 130
Shata case and, 192
and similarity among post-9/11 terrorism cases, 20
United Airlines flight 175, 70
United Nations, 23–24, 66, 230
“urban guerrilla warfare,” 44
USS Cole, 21
USS Intrepid, 49
Vietnam War, 27, 44, 46
Vinas, Bryant Neal, 9–10, 210–21
Wahhabism, 138–40, 146–47
Wahhaj, Siraj, 181
Wall Street Journal: NYPD Intel story in, 280
Walmart: as potential al-Qaeda target, 113
War on Terror, 49, 98–99, 184, 191, 221
Ward, Michael, 282
Washington Post: and Odom call for domestic CIA, 19
“watch list,” CIA and FBI, 45
water jug, Zazi’s, 63, 201–2, 232–33, 251, 264
Weather Underground, 41
“wedding”: as al-Qaeda code word, 9
Weiss, Ira, 84
White, Ralph, 42
white van driver, 58, 59, 248–51, 275
Will, Bradley, 144
wiretaps, 154, 206–7, 279. See also specific person or agency
Women Strike for Peace, 45
Woolsey, R. James, 31–32
World Trade Center: 1993 bombing of, 26, 29–30, 51, 181, 194 See also September 11, 2001
X Team, NYPD, 146
Yemen: hotel bombing (1992) in, 38
Zam Zam Stop & Shop Store (Brooklyn), 181–82
Zarinni, Ahmad, 210, 211, 212, 216–17, 221
Zawahiri, Ayman al-, 260
Zazi family: in Colorado, 59, 117–18, 225–26, 239–42
Denver FBI investigation of, 59, 157, 158, 163, 165–68, 171–72
in Flushing, 9, 89, 93, 97–104
and Najibullah return to Denver, 239–42
as refugees in Pakistan, 93–94, 96 See also specific member
Zazi, Amanullah (cousin), 97, 106, 158, 174, 226, 244, 255, 256, 263, 270, 273, 275
Zazi, Bibi (mother), 94, 97, 163, 255, 256, 263, 265
Zazi, Lal Muhammad (uncle), 105, 106
Zazi, Marzia (wife), 101, 102
Zazi, Merwari (sister), 94, 97, 100, 263, 265
Zazi, Mohammed Wali (father): Afzali telephone call to, 225–26, 245, 266
Amanullah and, 97, 106
concerns about Najibullah of, 239
Denver police questioning of, 225–26
and divisions within Afghan community, 99
FBI/JTTF arrest of, 271, 272
FBI/JTTF interview with, 265–66
FBI/JTTF investigation/surveillance of, 10, 158, 167, 168, 171–72, 239–42
immigration status of, 270
and Jaji
garage chemicals, 255–56
migration of, 93–94
Najibullah car rental and, 10, 235
and Najibullah email to al-Qaeda, 55
and Najibullah-FBI interview, 258, 270
and Najibullah return to Denver, 239–42
and Najibullah trip to Pakistan/Afghanistan, 104
personal background of, 93, 94, 96
as political refugee, 97
as refugee in Pakistan, 94
as Taliban supporter, 99
and taping of Najibullah conversations, 239–42
telephone call to Najibullah from, 226
trial and sentencing of, 275
as U.S. immigrant worker, 96
U.S. visa for, 94
Zazi, Najibullah: and absence of terrorist attacks argument, 155
Afghanistan/Pakistan trip of, 9, 16, 89, 103–18, 204, 246, 247, 268–69
Afzali telephone calls to and from, 226–27, 228, 229, 231–32, 236, 245
agencies involved in investigation of, 25–26
Ahmedzay-Medunjanin pact with, 103–4
al-Qaeda and, 102, 257, 267, 268, 271–72
and Bear Mountain trip with Ahmedzay, 118
bomb making by, 1–3, 8–9, 199, 203, 235–36, 254–56, 265, 268, 271
coffee cart business of, 9, 100, 118, 224, 225, 243
computer of, 230, 232, 233, 234, 237, 253, 254, 263, 268
cover story for, 103, 104–5
cross-country trip of, 10–12, 15, 53–64, 157, 176–77, 248–51, 267
in Denver area, 1–3, 8–9, 10–11, 53–58, 117–18, 239–42, 253–57, 258–59, 264–72
Denver return flight of, 203, 230, 236–39
drone attacks influence on, 112
email of, 8–9, 53–55, 116, 157, 201, 236, 239, 268, 271, 279
as failure, 279–80
financing of activities of, 103–4
in Flushing, 9, 91, 97–103, 116–17, 118–19, 155, 176–77, 199–201, 202–7, 209, 223–27, 230–32, 235–37
George Washington Bridge search of, 62–64, 118, 158, 171, 177, 201–2, 227, 232–33, 236
guilty plea of, 274
and identification of terrorists, 155
influence of September 11 on, 98
lack of information about, 89, 197, 221
legal case against, 236–38, 248, 261–62, 267, 271
martyrdom video of, 118
media and, 256–57, 269, 271, 272–73
Medunjanin influence on, 100
Mohammed telephone call to, 226
NYPD/NYPD Intel investigation/surveillance and, 17, 26, 60, 89, 173–76, 209, 223, 227–28
Pakistan trips of, 9, 102
personal background of, 91–92, 94, 97–99, 100, 101
scale of, 199, 203, 248, 254, 265, 268
sentencing of, 275
subway bomb plot of, 118, 197, 199–201, 274
suicide bombing and, 102, 109–10, 114, 268
suicide video of, 115–16
as Taliban supporter, 102, 254
terrorist education/training for, 101–2, 106–16, 218, 267