8 White House staff sizes: “Hide and Seek,” Wall Street Journal, January 20, 1989, R20.
9 more Americans worked in government: Economist, August 8, 1992, 16.
10 “the longest retreat”: McCullough 1992, 834.
11 “We can’t defeat the Chinese”: Ibid., 817.
12 “get out with honor”: Ibid.
13 Clifford … watched in … horror: Clifford 1991, 172.
14 “The Russians … the FBI … the Zionists”: Ibid., 174.
15 “nightingale”: Hoopes/Brinkley 1992, 465.
16 “conclusion seemed plain”: Acheson 1969, 338.
17 “We want no Gestapo”: Ferrell 1980, 22.
18 surveillance of … Offie: Hersh 1992, 443.
19 “Offie had sponged”: Ibid., 445.
20 “before long … people Frank didn’t know”: Ibid., 442.
21 “degenerate”: Ibid., 443.
22 “men’s room in LaFayette Park”: Ibid., 442.
23 “Offie is dangerous”: Ibid., 444.
24 “chicken-hawking behind the Vatican”: Ibid., 448.
25 “State Department … still rancid with these men”: Taft 1989, 150.
26 “real slander”: Elsey papers, box 3: Yalta. September 3, 1948.
58 Forging a Consensus
1 “Senator Taft blew up”: State Department to White House (Hagerty). April 3, 1953. Dulles/Eisenhower Library: telephone conversations. J. F. Dulles papers, box 10.
2 “likely to let himself be pushed around”: Patterson 1972, 583.
3 “negative, futile”: Immerman 1990, 4.
59 America’s Triumph
1 “America … so unsympathetic”: Gilbert 1988, 951.
2 “obsolete Colonial”: Ibid., 929.
3 “what is called Colonialism”: Ibid., 1295.
4 The road to Suez: See David Fromkin, “Eyeless in Suez,” The New Republic, July 29, 1991, 39–42, and sources cited there.
5 “gradually … inconspicuously”: Economist, June 2, 1990, 19.
6 the instrument was ready: For the organizational history of the CIA through 1953, see Darling 1990 and Montague 1992.
7 first … operation … in 1949: Copeland 1969, 50 et seq.; Copeland 1974, 203.
8 first … successful one … in 1952: Copeland 1974, 206.
9 40 percent of … Britain’s … oil: Ibid.
10 Allen Dulles … preferred … Nasser: Kyle 1991, chapter 3.
11 The CIA … as Nasser’s friend: Louis/Owen 1989, 95–8; Copeland 1969.
12 anti-American propaganda: Kyle 1991, chapter 3.
13 “I want him murdered”: Ibid., 99. In another version, “destroyed.” Horne 1989, 1:396.
14 “British government has decided”: FRUS, 1955–57, vol. XVI, Suez Crises, document 33, 61.
15 “5,200,000 square miles”: American Journal of International Law, January 1983, 109.
16 Europe “does not exist”: Time, April 8, 1974, 34.
17 “the corpse of France”: International Herald Tribune, August 7, 1972, 1.
18 “possibilities for … growth”: Immerman 1990, 73.
19 “some years … 100 years”: Ibid., 63.
Epilogue: Tales of the American Age
1 “will collapse … seems unrealistic”: Williams 1959, 206.
2 a later work: Williams 1969.
3 “preposterous”: Brownell/Billings 1987, 329.
4 “a disgrace”: Ibid., 330.
5 “further self-sacrifice”: Finest Hour (International Churchill Societies), no. 72, Third Quarter 1991, back page. Speech notes for dinner given by Henry Luce, New York City, March 25, 1949.
6 On his deathbed in 1959: Memoirs (1962), 3. May 1959 entry. Allen Dulles papers, box 208.
7 “essential to demonstrate our firmness … Vietnam”: Reston 1991, 291.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
This is a list of the books from which I quoted, or from which I considered quoting, in one draft or another of the text. It does not include all the reference and other books that I consulted. It does not list books or archival papers that I read for background only; nor does it include the titles of books, many of them famous or said on good authority to be of great importance, that ought to be listed in any proper bibliography but that I have not read.
Therefore, it is not a bibliography in any comprehensive sense. Essentially it is a list of sources.
Abbreviations
I have followed the usual practice in abbreviating the Foreign Relations of the United States series published by the Department of State as FRUS.
The Reminiscences of Walter Lippmann in the Columbia University Oral History Collection, a transcript of which is available for purchase from the University, is cited herein as OH.
Papers in various collections are abbreviated as follows:
Papers Abbreviation
Allen Dulles Allen Dulles papers
Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library
Princeton University
John Foster Dulles J. F. Dulles papers
Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library
Princeton University
George M. Elsey Elsey papers
Harry S Truman Library
Independence, Missouri
W. Averell Harriman Harriman papers
Library of Congress
Edward M. House House papers
Manuscripts and Archives
Yale University Library
New Haven, Connecticut
Robert A. Taft Taft papers
Library of Congress
Arthur Walworth Walworth papers
Yale University
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