The Righteous: The Unsung Heroes of the Holocaust
Page 53
Liem, Jean-Louis and Betty: rescuers
Lille (France): a Dutch escape route through
Lillehammer (Norway): Jews in hiding in
Limbourg (Belgium): a Jewish girl in hiding in
Limburg province (Holland): rescuers from
Limoges (France): Jews smuggled to; a Jewish family given shelter near
Lindenberg, Renée: saved, xvii
Lingens-Reiner, Ella: saves a Jewish girl; helps a Jew escape, and punished
Lipke, Alfred: helps his father hide Jews
Lipke, Janis: saves Jews
Lipke, Johanna: helps her husband hide Jews
Liptovsky St Mikulas (Slovakia): refuge in
Liszewski, Wladyslaw: helps Jews in hiding
Lithuania: paucity of rescuers in, xvii; Jews flee through; and Vilna; acts of rescue in
Lithuanian Nationalists: murder a rescuer of Jews
Lithuanians: and collaboration: xix
Litka (a rescuer’s daughter):
Lito, Dr Spiro: intercedes on behalf of Jews
Litovsky, Fira: given shelter
Litovsky, Masha: in hiding
Litvin family: in hiding
Liwarek, Rosa (Lady Lipworth): the saga of her rescue
Lobith-Tolkamer (Holland): rescuers in
Lodz (Poland): a rescuer from; deportations to
Lomna (Eastern Galicia): Jewish girls hidden in
Lomza (Poland): Jews in hiding in villages near
Londner-Conforti, Dora: given shelter
London (England): a Righteous Polish couple honoured in; testimony about two Righteous Poles given in; a Righteous Dutch woman honoured in
Loosdrecht (Holland): a Zionist kibbutz at
‘L’Or, Josie’: an assumed identity
Lorraine: refugees from, in hiding with Jews
Louvain (Belgium): Jews hidden in
‘Loverina, Maria’: an assumed identity
Lowenthal, Isidore and Régine: smuggled into Switzerland
Löwi family (from Germany): given refuge in Italy
Lowy, Temi: found refuge
Lubartow (Poland): Jews in hiding in
Lubbeek (Belgium): six Jewish girls in hiding at; Photo
Lubetkin, Zivia: and Polish weaponry given to Jews; given shelter
Lublin (Poland): Council for Assistance to the Jews in
Luckner, Gertrud: helps Jews
Ludwikowski, Alojzy: helps Jews
Luisa, Maria de: finds a place of refuge for her former employers
Lukiszki Prison (Vilna): two Jews released from
Lukow (Poland): acts of betrayal at
Lund, Sigrid: helps Jews
Luserna San Giovanni (Italy): a Jewish family given refuge in
Lushnja (Albania): Jews find refuge in
Lustig, Hana (Hana Greenfield): recalls ‘good people’ near a slave labour camp
Lustig, finds refuge
Lutheran Evangelical Church (Slovakia): protests
Lutherans: save Jews, xvi
Lutjen family: rescuers, in Holland
Lutsk (Poland): murder and rescue in
Lutz, Carl: his rescue efforts in Budapest; remains in Budapest; provides a safe haven in his bomb shelter; his stepdaughter reflects on his motivation; Photo
Lutz, Gertrude: helps her husband in Budapest
Luxembourg: and two rescuers
Luzzati, Adriana: in hiding
Lvov (Eastern Galicia): acts of rescue in; rescuers on trial in; and a sewer hiding place; and an orphanage hiding place; a survivor from; refugees from; a rescuer’s journey to; Council for Assistance to the Jews in; an escapee from; German rescuers in; Italian soldiers in, help Jews
Lyons (France): rescue efforts in, and around; a rescuer imprisoned in; a journey through, to safety; order for arrest of Jews cancelled in
Lyrer, Eugen: helps shelter Jewish children
Maastricht (Holland): rescuers in
Macedonia: Jews deported from; Italian consular protection in
Macenavicius, Antanas and Maria: save Jews
Machay, the Reverend Dr Ferdynand: gives shelter
Madritsch, Julius: a Righteous Austrian, in Poland
Maglione, Cardinal: reports ‘gross infraction’ of principles
Mahler, Selik and Salomon: helped to escape
Mährisch-Ostrau (Moravska Ostrava, Czechoslovakia): Emilie Schindler’s mission of mercy to
Majdanek concentration camp (German-occupied Poland):; a Polish prisoner in, helps Jewish prisoners
Malach, Madame: and her Italian rescuer
Malickis (husband and wife): save Jews
Malines (Belgium): a detention camp at; medical help in a convent at; a Jewish couple find safety in; deportations from
Malle, Louis: his film tribute to a rescuer
Maltzan, Countess Maria von: helps Jews, and hides Jews
Mandil, Irena and Gavra: in hiding, with their rescuers, Photo
Manielewicz, Celina: rescued, after a massacre
Manker, Khemie and Lily: saved
Mann, Gertrude (Gertrude Krol-Mann): smuggled out of Holland
Mannheim (Germany): a young deportee from a village near, hidden and saved
Mantoudis, Michael and Adamantia: hide a family of Greek Jews
Maplewood (New Jersey): a rescuer commemorated in
Marcinelles (Belgium): two Jewish boys in hiding in
Marconi, Monsignor Giuseppe: intervenes to help Jews
margarine and sausages: in a labour camp
Margoshes, Dr S.: meets a ‘legendary’ rescuer
Maria and Stefan (husband and wife): rescuers
Marianne and Adèle (Catholic sisters): give refuge to two Jewish children
Maribor (Slovenia): Jewish girls helped in
‘Marina and Gilberto Carnazzi’: an assumed identity
Marienburg (East Prussia): British rescuers from a prisoner-of-war camp at
marmalade: a gift of
Marneffe (Belgium): internment at
Marquet, Abbé: helps Jews
Marseilles (France): Jews helped to leave; Jews hidden in; a route to safety through
Marszalkowska Street (Warsaw): refuge near
Marten family (Belgium): shelters Jews
Masing, Dr Uku and Eha: save a Jewish student
Masse, Albert: saves a nine-year-old Jewish boy
Masutti family: help a Jewish family
Mat, Abbé: his acts of rescue
Matassini (an Italian peasant): helps a Jewish family
Matusiewicz, Josef and Paulina: shelter a Jewish girl
Matuson, Sara: saved by British prisoners of war
Matuszynski family: given shelter
Maurits, Willem and Jeanne: Dutch rescuers
Maury, Monseigneur Jean-Baptiste: helps save Jewish children
Mauthausen concentration camp: a rescuer deported to; deportation of Jews to; and a warning in Holland; deportations to, from Budapest; Jewish women released from, and taken to Switzerland; a train reaches Switzerland from, Photo
Maxwell, Dr Elisabeth: reflects on rescue, xx; describes an ecumenical rescue effort; describes a Belgian rescuer; describes the rescue activities of a nun in a concentration camp
Mayer, Hans and Nel: look after Jewish children
Mazia, Frieda: witnesses an execution
Meed, Benjamin: reflects on rescue
Meed, Vladka: reflects on rescue; records acts of rescue
Meijer family: in hiding
Melamed, Joseph: recalls clergymen who rescued Jews
Memel: a German from, and an act of kindness in Dachau
Mende (France): a Jewish girl at school at
Mendes, Aristides de Sousa: helps Jews
Mendon, Madame: saves two Jewish children
Mersi, Captain Lucillo: helps Jews in Greece
Methodists: help Jews
Metz (France): refugees from, given false identity cards
Metz, Loekie: a Jewish girl, and a Dutch rescuer
Meyer, Ernie: writes about a Righteous German Army officer
Meyers, Odette: in hiding
Miami (Florida): a survivor visits
Michalewska, Marja: helps Jews to survive
Michalowice (Poland): execution of Righteous Poles at
Michman, Dr Jozeph: writes about Dutch rescuers
Miessen, Heinrich: helps Jews in Holland
Mihai (Michael), King of Romania: his mother’s pressure on
Mikulai, Gusztav: saves Jews in Budapest
Milan (Italy): deportation and rescue in
Milanowek (near Warsaw): Council for Assistance to the Jews moves to
Milch, Baruch: saved, amid betrayal and slaughter
Milford, Charles (Klaus Mühlfelder): reflects on a protest in Berlin
Milis Institute (Prague): the head of, helps Jews
Millau (France): a Jewish girl in hiding in
Millieux, Roger: hides two Jews
Milowski, Helena and Waclaw: hide a Jewish couple
Milowski, Lucek: brings Jews water
Minneapolis (Minnesota): a survivor speaks in
Minsk (Byelorussia): rescue in
Minsk Mazowiecki (Poland): a rescuer in
Mironiuk, Okseniya: saves a Jew
Mironiuk, Sawko: saves a Jew
Mirow (Poland): water brought from
Misiuna, Wladislaw: his courageous act
Miskolc (Hungary): an act of rescue in; a ‘miracle’ in
Mitrani-Andreoli family: give shelter to a Jewish boy
Mizhantz (eastern Poland): a Jew finds shelter in
Mizocz (eastern Poland): slaughter in, and an act of rescue; and a Righteous German
Mkrtchyan, Arakel: saves two Jews
Mkrtchyan, Vartan: saves Jews, but later killed in action
Modena (Italy): a Jewish boy given refuge in
Modlin (Poland): survival in
Modra (Slovakia): Jewish children given refuge in
Mogilevskyi family: in hiding
Momignies (Belgium): two Jewish boys given sanctuary in
Moncalieri (Italy): a Jewish family given refuge in
Monowitz (East Upper Silesia): see Buna-
Monowitz Mons (Belgium): and a Jewish girl in hiding
‘Monsieur Albert’: an assumed identity
Mont César (Belgium): rescue work at
Montauban (France): a defiant French engine driver at; an energetic cyclist at
Monte Subasio (Italy): an escape to safety at
Montefalco (Italy): Jews given refuge in
Mopty, Pierre: helps Jews escape
Morand, Joseph and Leonie: rescuers
Moreali, Giuseppe: an Italian rescuer
Morgan, Keith: records a story of rescue
Mornet, Professor Daniel: a rescuer
Morpurgo, Marcello: rescued, in Italy, with his family
Moscow (Soviet Union): Wallenberg taken to
Moscow Declaration (1943): and Austria
Moser, Rudl: an Austrian rescuer
Moses: saved, xv–xvi; and a Dutch baby saved in a basket
Moskalik, Krystyna: a rescuer
Mostar (Bosnia): an escape to
Mother Maria: see Skobtsova, Elizabeth
motivation: and rescue
Motor Vehicle Repair Park (Vilna): and a German rescuer
Motzko, Bruno: a rescuer
Mount Zion (Jerusalem): and Oskar Schindler, xv
‘Moustache’ (a German soldier): his cruelty
Mozes, Gustel: finds refuge in Holland
Muchman, Beatrice and Henri: given safe haven
Mulder, Marguerite: a Dutch rescuer
Müller, Heinrich: persuaded to let fourteen Jews leave Germany; two protests to, about Italian refusal to share German view of ‘the Jewish question’
Munkacs (Hungary): a Jewish boy saved in
Munnik, Albert: and his new ‘son’
Munnik, Nora: ‘my new…“sister”’
Munnik, Violette: a rescuer, in Holland
Murt, Mother Marie-Angélique: a rescuer
Muslims: save Jews, xvi; help Jews
Mussolini, Benito: his anti-Jewish laws; a German protest to, about ‘pro-Jewish zeal’ of Italian officials in France; overthrown
Musya (a Jewish woman): saved
Mylner, Gitele: saved
Myrtle (a Norwegian woman): helps Jews
Myto (Czechoslovakia): Jewish children smuggled to
Naef, Roesli: protects Jewish children
Nagy, Laszlo: helps provide shelter
Nakonieszny, Jan: hides five Jews
Naktiel, Alida: finds a refuge for her child
Naktiel, Siny: found a safe haven
Namur (Belgium): refuge in a monastery in; Jews hidden in
Nansen, Odd: helps Jews escape
Naples (Italy): Allies land south of
Napoleon Square (Cracow): and a blackmail note
Natalia (a Jewish woman): saved in Warsaw
National Agency for Children (Belgium): the director of, saves many Jewish children
Naumiestis (Lithuania): a Jewish girl saved in
Nazi Party: a member of, unwittingly employs a Jew; a member of, helps Jews
Nazi-Soviet Pact (August 1939): and Eastern Galicia
Nek, Sister Felicja: saves a Jewish girl
Nel (a Dutch woman): helps hide a Jewish girl
Neofit of Vidin: protests
Neri, Emilio: saves Jews, in Salonika
Netherlands, the: see Holland
Neuengamme concentration camp: a rescuer dies in
Neugraben (near Hamburg): and ‘good people’ near a slave labour camp
Neumann, Dr Ziga: a refugee from Zagreb, hidden in Italy
Nèvejean, Yvonne: saves many Jewish children
New Jersey (USA): a gathering in, to commemorate a rescuer
New York: ‘Hidden Children’ gather in, xvi; a reunion in; help for rescuers from; a survivor in; seven orphaned children, previously in hiding, reach, Photo
New York Times: and a report on a Belgian rescuer; and a rescuer commemorated; and the reunion between a father and son
Niccaci, Father Rufino: saves Jews in Assisi
Nice (France): safe haven in, disrupted
Nicholls, Stephen: records Righteous acts in Pomerania
Nickel, Maria: her Righteous act
Nicolai (a Russian prisoner of war): in hiding
Nicolini, Bishop of Assisi: saves Jews
Nieuwlande (Holland): Jewish children from Amsterdam found hiding places in
Nieuw Vennep (Holland): a rescuer in
Nilsen, Pastor: helps Jews
Nisenbaum, Maria: given shelter
Nitsch, Mathilda: helps Jews to escape
Noble, Tommy: helps save a Jewish girl
Nojar, Mieczyslaw: saved
Nonantola (Italy): Jewish refugee children given refuge in; Jewish children taken to Switzerland from
Normandy Landings (1944):
North Sea: Jews smuggled across
Norway: round-ups in, xix; acts of rescue in
Norwegian Lutheran Church: bishops of, protest
Norwegian Resistance: helps Jews; thanked
Novel (France): a crossing point into Switzerland
Novozybkov (Russia): nine Jews saved in
Nowacka, Helena: hidden with her baby son
Nowak, Felicja: given refuge
Nowak, Ludwig and Aniela: their act of rescue
Nowogrodek (eastern Poland): escapees from, rescued
Nowy Dwor (Poland): the fate of a priest in; a German helps a Jewish girl reach
Nozyk Synagogue (Warsaw): the cantor of, rescued on a Death March
Nunspeet (Holland): rescuers in
Nuovo (Pesaro, Italy): a hiding place at
Nuremberg Trials: a German witness at
Oberlungwitz (Germany): a ‘righteous man’ in
O’Brien, Agnes: receives an award for her
sister
Occupied Zone (of France):; Jews smuggled out of
Ocskay, Captain Laszlo: saves Jews, in Budapest
Odler, Szaje: given sanctuary, then murdered
Oegstgeest (Holland): a Jewish girl in hiding in
Oesterweiler (a Jew): saved by a German
Olczak, Genowefa (Genia): a rescuer
‘Old Testaments’: and French defiance
Old Town (Warsaw): Jews hidden in
Oliner, Samuel: finds refuge; reflects on the altruistic behaviour of the Righteous
Olsza (a suburb of Cracow): and a rescuer
Olszewicz, Moishe: saved
Oolbekking, Hein and Jeanne: hide a Jewish girl
Opalka, Mr: provides false identity papers
Opdyke, Irene Gut: helps Jewish women
Opinja (‘Opinion’): a Jewish newspaper
Oppenheim, Dr A. N.: seeks recognition for a British woman
Oradour-sur-Glane (France): rescue and destruction at
Orange (France): and an assumed identity
Order of St Basil: nuns of, shelter three Jewish boys
Orlender, Zygmund: given shelter, with his sister
Orsi, Hermine: hides Jews
Oster, Colonel: helps a Righteous German
Ostrog (eastern Poland): a Jewish family saved in; and a Righteous German
Ostrowiak, Anna: recalls two ‘decent’ German soldiers; recalls acts of kindness
Ott, Emma: helps shelter Jewish children
Otter, Baron Göran von: passes on details of mass murder
Ottignies (Belgium): a school in, saves twenty Jewish children; two more Jewish children given sanctuary in
Otwock (near Warsaw): a nun keeps a ‘terrible secret’ at
Our Lady of Zion Convent (Rome): shelters more than a hundred Jews
Ovart, Madame: her courage, and her fate
Overduijn, Leendert: a Dutch pastor, and rescuer, heads a rescue organization
Ozhenitsa (Poland): a Jew seeks refuge in
Paasche, Joachim: and his wife’s defiance
Padrabé (Lithuania): rescuers in
Page, Anthony: directs a film about a rescuer
Pais, Dr Abraham: his release secured
Pajewski, Teodor: helps a Jewish historian
Palatucci, Giovanni: helps five hundred Jews, then sent to Dachau
Palazzini, Pietro (later Cardinal): saves Jews in Rome
Paldiel, Mordecai: and a Lithuanian rescuer; and Polish rescuers; and German rescuers; and a German rescuer in Holland; and a German rescuer in Poland; and the rescuers of Albania; and a ‘turning point’ in Roman Catholic attitudes; and a French rescuer; and the people of Le Chambon; his own rescuer; and a Belgian village; and a Belgian boarding school; and a Dutch rescuer; and a Hungarian rescuer; and Raoul Wallenberg; and an Italian rescuer, in Budapest; reflects on the behaviour of the Righteous; and the ‘moral duty’ of honouring the rescuers; and the ‘bright and shining side of man’