The Man Who Stalked Einstein

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The Man Who Stalked Einstein Page 22

by Hillman, Bruce J.


  Kurzbiographie Eduard Einstein. Retrieved from http://www.einstein-website.de/biographien/einsteineduard.html (Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

  Lacayo, R., & Editors of Time. (2014). Albert Einstein: The enduring legacy of a modern genius. New York: Time.

  NBCNews.com. (2006, July 10). New letters shed light on Einstein love life. Retrieved from http://www.nbcnews.com/id/13804030/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/#.U-oAQ0bD8Z8

  Philipp Lenard. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philipp_Lenard

  Renn, J., & Schulmann, R. (2001). Albert Einstein and Mileva Marić: The love letters. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

  Schirrmacher, A. (2010). Philipp Lenard: Erinnerungen eines Naturforschers: Kritische annotierte Ausgabe des Originaltyposkriptes von 1931/1943. Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer. (Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

  Schoenbeck, C. (2012). Albert Einstein und Philipp Lenard: Antipoden im Spannungsfeld von Physik und Zeitgeschichte (Trans. B. Stamm). Bayreuth, Germany: Springer.

  Smith, D. (1996, November 6). Dark side of Einstein emerges in his letters. New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/1996/11/06/arts/dark-side-of-einstein-emerges-in-his-letters.html

  Teibel, A. (2006, July 10). Newly unsealed documents throw light on another Einstein lover. USA Today. Retrieved from http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/tech/science/discoveries/2006-07-10-einstein-letters-love_x.htm

  Chapter 4: An Interesting Evening Out

  Allgemeine Diskussion über die Relativitätstheorie: 86. Naturforscher-Versammlung, Bad Nauheim, 19.-25.9.20. (1920). Physikalische Zeitschrift, 21 (23/24), 649–699. (Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

  Hentschel, K. (2011). [Foreword to Deutsche Physik; Albert Einstein: My reply. On the Anti-relativity Theoretical Company, Ltd. (August 27, 1920); Albert Einstein: Letters to the Prussian Academy of Sciences and the Academy’s response (March 28–April 5, 1933)]. In Physics and National Socialism: An anthology of primary sources. Basel: Birkhäuser.

  Kostro, L. (2000). Einstein and the ether. Montreal: Apeiron.

  Schirrmacher, A. (2010). Philipp Lenard: Erinnerungen eines Naturforschers: Kritische annotierte Ausgabe des Originaltyposkriptes von 1931/1943. Berlin: Springer. (Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

  Schoenbeck, C. (2012). Albert Einstein und Philipp Lenard: Antipoden im Spannungsfeld von Physik und Zeitgeschichte (Trans. B. Stamm). Bayreuth, Germany: Springer.

  Van Dongen, J. (2007, June). Reactionaries and Einstein’s fame: “German Scientists for the Preservation of Pure Science,” relativity, and the Bad Nauheim Meeting. Physics in Perspective, 9(2), 212–230. Retrieved from http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1111/1111.2194.pdf

  Weyl, H. (1920). Die Diskussion über die Relativitätstheorie. Die Umschau, 24, 609–611 [hardcopy annotated by Philipp Lenard in his own handwriting]. Philipp Lenard’s bequest, archives of the Deutsches Museum, Munich, Germany, Box NL Lenard 2012-7b.

  Chapter 5: A Disagreement between Gentlemen

  Allgemeine Diskussion über die Relativitätstheorie: 86. Naturforscher-Versammlung, Bad Nauheim, 19.-25.9.20. (1920). Physikalische Zeitschrift, 21 (23/24), 649–699. (Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

  Bad Nauheim. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad_Nauheim

  Bad Nauheim, Die Gesundheitsstadt. Retrieved from http://www.bad-nauheim.de/tourism.html

  Cornwell, J. (2004). Hitler’s scientists: Science, war, and the devil’s pact. New York: Penguin.

  Hentschel, K. (2011). [Foreword to Deutsche Physik; Albert Einstein: My reply. On the Anti-relativity Theoretical Company, Ltd. (August 27, 1920); Albert Einstein: Letters to the Prussian Academy of Sciences and the Academy’s response (March 28–April 5, 1933)]. In Physics and National Socialism: An anthology of primary sources. Basel: Birkhäuser.

  Moszkowski Affair. Retrieved from http://www.mathpages.com/home/kmath630/kmath630.htm

  Nobelprize.org: The Official Site of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/

  Schirrmacher, A. (2010). Philipp Lenard: Erinnerungen eines Naturforschers: Kritische annotierte Ausgabe des Originaltyposkriptes von 1931/1943. Berlin: Springer. (Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

  Schoenbeck, C. (2012). Albert Einstein und Philipp Lenard: Antipoden im Spannungsfeld von Physik und Zeitgeschichte (Trans. B. Stamm). Bayreuth, Germany: Springer.

  Van Dongen, J. (2007, June). Reactionaries and Einstein’s fame: “German Scientists for the Preservation of Pure Science,” relativity, and the Bad Nauheim Meeting. Physics in Perspective, 9(2), 212–230. Retrieved from http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1111/1111.2194.pdf

  Walker, M. (1995). Nazi science: Myth, truth, and the German atomic bomb. Retrieved from http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/ciencia/nscience/nscience01.htm

  Chapter 6: A Missed Opportunity

  Dr. Lewis E. Etter. Retrieved from http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=62454112

  Etter, L. E. (1945). Post-war visit to Roentgen’s laboratory. American Journal of Roentgenology, 54, 547–552.

  Etter, L. E. (1946). Some historical data relating to the discovery of the Roentgen rays. American Journal of Roentgenology, 56, 220–231.

  Glasser, O. (1934). Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen and the early history of the X-rays. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.

  Hillman, B. J., & Goldsmith, J. C. The rise of medical imaging. In The sorcerer’s apprentice: How medical imaging is changing health care. New York: Oxford University Press.

  Lenard, Philipp. (1958). S.v. in Great men of science. London: G. Bell and Sons.

  Pietzsch, J. (2014). Perspectives: A helping hand from the media. Nobelprize.org: The Official Site of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1901/perspectives.html

  Roentgen, W. K. (1896). On a New Kind of Rays (Ueber eine neue Art von Strahlen). Nature, 53, 274-276. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3322/canjclin.22.3.153/pdf

  von Lenard, P. E. A. (1906, May 28). On cathode rays (Nobel lecture). Nobelprize.org: The Official Site of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1905/lenard-lecture.pdf

  Chapter 7: Lenard in Stockholm

  Alfred Nobel: His life and work. Nobelprize.org: The Official Site of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/alfred_nobel/biographical/articles/life-work/

  Alfred Nobel’s will. Nobelprize.org: The Official Site of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/alfred_nobel/will/

  Award ceremony speech. Nobelprize.org: The Official Site of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1905/press.html

  Banquet menu. Nobelprize.org: The Official Site of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/ceremonies/menus/

  Dress code at the Nobel banquet: What to wear? Nobelprize.org: The Official Site of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/ceremonies/dresscode/

  Early memories of Nobel ceremonies and laureates. Nobelprize.org: The Official Site of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/ceremonies/eyewitness/morner/index.html

  Grandin, K., director of the Royal Swedish Academy of Science Center for the History of Science. Personal communication.

  Lenard, P. Lenard’s Faelschungs-Buch [a red notebook with a handwritten title in red pencil on the first page, “Faelschungs-Buch (Autobiogr. wichtig)]. Philipp Lenard’s bequest, archives of the Deutsches Museum, Munich, Germany, Folder 3 NL Lenard 2012.

  Nobel banquet. Nobelprize.org: The Official Site of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Prize#Nobel_banquet

  Prize amount and market value of invested capital converted into 2013 year’s monetary value. Nobelprize.org: The Official Site of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/amounts/prize_amounts_14.pdf

  Schirrmach
er, A. (2010). Philipp Lenard: Erinnerungen eines Naturforschers: Kritische annotierte Ausgabe des Originaltyposkriptes von 1931/1943. Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer Verlag: Berlin-Heidelberg, 2010. (Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

  von Lenard, P. E. A. (1906, May 28). On cathode rays (Nobel lecture). Nobelprize.org: The Official Site of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1905/lenard-lecture.pdf

  Chapter 8: Einstein versus the Small Popes of Uppsala

  Award ceremony speech. Nobelprize.org: The Official Site of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1921/press.html

  Clark, S. (2012, October 8). Why Einstein never received a Nobel Prize for relativity. Nobelprize.org: The Official Site of the Nobel Prize. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/science/across-the-universe/2012/oct/08/einstein-nobel-prize-relativity

  Einstein, A. (1920). Relativity: The special and general theory. New York: Henry Holt.

  Elzinga, A. (2006). Einstein’s Nobel Prize: A glimpse behind closed doors. Sagamore Beach, NY: Science History.

  Explore 100 famous scientist quotes. Retrieved from http://www.todayinsci.com/QuotationsCategories/N_Cat/NobelPrize-Quotations.htm

  Friedman, R. M. (2001). Einstein must never get a Nobel Prize: Keeping physics safe for Sweden. In The politics of excellence: Behind the Nobel Prize in Science (Chap. 7). New York: Henry Holt.

  Fundamental ideas and problems with the theory of relativity. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1921/einstein-lecture.html

  Grandin, K., director of the Royal Swedish Academy of Science Center for the History of Science. Personal communication. Letter from Philipp Lenard complaining about Albert Einstein being awarded the Nobel Prize.

  Hughs, V. (2006, September). Einstein vs. the Nobel Prize: Why the Nobel Committee repeatedly dissed this “world-bluffing Jewish physicist.” Discover. Retrieved from http://discovermagazine.com/2006/sep/einstein-nobel-prize/

  Chapter 9: Dangerous Choices

  and Chapter 10: Lenard and Hitler

  Ash, M. G., & Sollner, A. (1996). Forced migration and scientific change: Émigré German-speaking scientists and scholars after 1933. Berlin: German Historical Institute.

  Beer hall putsch. Retrieved from http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/timeline/putsch2.htm

  Cornwell, J. (2004). Hitler’s scientists: Science, war, and the devil’s pact. New York: Penguin.

  Erwin Schroedinger. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1933/schrodinger-bio.html

  Gustav von Kahr. Retrieved from http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_von_Kahr

  Hentschel, K. (2011). [The Hitler Spirit and Science; Max von Laue’s review of Johannes Stark’s “The current crisis in German physics”; Albert von Brunn’s review of “100 authors against Hitler”]. In Physics and National Socialism: An anthology of primary sources. Basel: Birkhäuser.

  Hitler, A. [Letters to Philipp Lenard]. Philipp Lenard’s bequest, archives of the Deutsches Museum, Munich, Germany, Box NL Lenard 2012-7a.

  Hitler speech on Enabling Act 1933: Complete text: The last day of the Weimar Republic. Retrieved from http://worldfuturefund.org/Reports2013/hitlerenablingact.htm

  The law that enabled Hitler’s dictatorship. Retrieved from http://www.dw.de/the-law-that-enabled-hitlers-dictatorship/a-16689839

  Lenard, P. [Transcription by Mr. Pleissen of a speech given by Lenard in Heidelberg, spring 1922, sent to Philipp Lenard’s Heidelberg address on November 9, 1936]. Philipp Lenard’s bequest, archives of the Deutsches Museum, Munich, Germany, Folder 3 NL Lenard 2012

  Lenard, P. Lenard’s Faelschungs-Buch [a red notebook with a handwritten title in red pencil on the first page, “Faelschungs-Buch (Autobiogr. wichtig)]. Philipp Lenard’s bequest, archives of the Deutsches Museum, Munich, Germany, Folder 3 NL Lenard 2012.

  Loewenstein, A. Pragmatic and dogmatic physics: Anti-Semitism in Nature, 1938. Retrieved from http://www.relativitycalculator.com/pdfs/critique_nature_magazine.pdf

  Morris, D. G. (2005). Justice imperiled; The anti-Nazi lawyer Max Hirschberg in Weimar Germany. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

  Physik und Politik. (1922, June 30). Neue Zürcher Zeitung, (860). (Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

  Religious views of Adolf Hitler. Retrieved from http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler%27s_religious_views

  Schoenbeck, C. (2012). Albert Einstein und Philipp Lenard: Antipoden im Spannungsfeld von Physik und Zeitgeschichte (Trans. Brian Stamm). Bayreuth, Germany: Springer.

  Walker, M. (1995). Nazi science: Myth, truth, and the German atomic bomb. Retrieved from http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/ciencia/nscience/nscience01.htm

  Chapter 11: Deutsche Physik

  Albert Einstein: Pacifism and Zionism. Retrieved from http://www.sparknotes.com/biography/einstein/section8.rhtml

  Hentschel, K. (2011). [Foreword to Deutsche Physik; Organization of Physical Research; A big day for science: Johannes Stark appointed president of the PTR. In Physics and National Socialism: An anthology of primary sources. Basel: Birkhäuser.

  Manifesto of the 93 German Intellectuals. Retrieved from http://wwi.lib.byu.edu/index.php/Manifesto_of_the_Ninety-Three_German_Intellectuals

  Max Planck. Retrieved from http://www.sparknotes.com/biography/planck/section5.rhtml

  The Rape of Belgium. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rape_of_Belgium

  Walker, M. (1995). Nazi science: Myth, truth, and the German atomic bomb. Retrieved from http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/ciencia/nscience/nscience01.htm

  Wolff, S. L. (2003). Physicists in the “Krieg der Geister”: Wilhelm Wien’s “Proclamation.” Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences, 33(2), 337–368.

  Wolff, S. L. (2006). Die Ausgrenzung und Vertreibung von Physikern im Nationalsozialismus—welche Rolle spielte die DPG? In D. Hoffmann & M. Walker (Eds.), Physiker zwischen Autonomie und Anpassung (pp. 91–138). Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH.

  Chapter 12: Academic Impurities

  Albert Einstein. Retrieved from http://www.princetonhistory.org/collections/albert-einstein.cfm

  Anti-Jewish legislation in pre-war Germany. Retrieved from http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005681

  Ash, M. G., & Sollner, A. (1996). Forced migration and scientific change: Émigré German-speaking scientists and scholars after 1933. Berlin: German Historical Institute.

  Bentwich, N. (1953). Rescue and achievement of refugee scholars. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.

  Beyerchen, A. D. (1980). Wissenschaftler unter Hitler. Cologne: Kiepenheuer & Witsch. (Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

  The Born Einstein Letters. Retrieved from http://archive.org/stream/TheBornEinsteinLetters/Born-TheBornEinsteinLetters_djvu.txt

  Der “Vater der Wasserstoffbombe” ist tot. Retrieved from http://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/edward-teller-der-vater-der-wasserstoffbombe-ist-tot-1.931841

  Edward Teller. Retrieved from http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-28591090.html

  Edward Teller. Retrieved from http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Teller

  Edward Teller. Retrieved from http://education.llnl.gov/archives/edward-teller#1

  Edward Teller. Retrieved from http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Edward_Teller

  Fritz Haber. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_Haber

  Hentschel, K. (2011). [Introduction; Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service; First Ordinance on the Implementation of the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service; Fritz Haber’s letter of resignation to Minister Rust; Johannes Stark’s personal evaluations of G. Hertz and R. Gans for the German University Lecturers Association; Goettingen University lecturers; Professor Franck’s resignation; W. Heisenberg’s letter to Max Born; My Audience with Adolf Hitler]. In Physics and National Socialism: An anthology of primary sources. Basel: Birkhäuser.

  I
vry, B. (2011, November 25). The man who outsainted Einstein [James Franck material]. Jewish Daily Forward. Retrieved from http://forward.com/articles/146281/the-man-who-out-sainted-einstein/

  James Franck. Retrieved from http://www.aip.org/history/acap/biographies/bio.jsp?franckj

  James Franck. Retrieved from http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Franck

  James Franck, Letter of resignation to the rector of the Georg-August University in Goettingen. Retrieved from https://www.uni-goettingen.de/de/brief-von-james-franck-an-den-rektor-der-georg-august-universitaet-vom-17-april-1933/85743.html (Translation provided by Birgit Ertl-Wagner)

  Max Born. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Born

  Obituary of James Franck. Retrieved from http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Nachruf_Franck_1964_G%C3%B6ttingen.jpg

  Reich Chancellery. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reich_Chancellery

  Teller vs. Pauling. Retrieved from http://scarc.library.oregonstate.edu/coll/pauling/peace/video/1958v.3.html

  Walker, M. (1995). Nazi science: Myth, truth, and the German atomic bomb. Retrieved from http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/ciencia/nscience/nscience01.htm

  Chapter 13: Some Say by Fire, Others Ice

  Cornwell, J. (2004). Hitler’s scientists: Science, war, and the devil’s pact. New York: Penguin Books.

  Goudsmit, S. A. (1986). Alsos. New York: Tomash.

  Heinrich Himmler. Retrieved from http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Heinrich_Himmler

  Hentschel, K. (2011). [Introduction; W. Menzel: German physics and Jewish physics; W. Heisenberg: On the article “German physics and Jewish physics”; Das Schwarze Korps white Jews in science; J. Stark comment on W. Heisenberg’s reply; J. Stark: Science is politically bankrupt; Heinrich Himmler letter to Werner Heisenberg]. In Physics and National Socialism: An anthology of primary sources. Basel: Birkhäuser.

 

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