War on Peace: The End of Diplomacy and the Decline of American Influence

Home > Other > War on Peace: The End of Diplomacy and the Decline of American Influence > Page 44
War on Peace: The End of Diplomacy and the Decline of American Influence Page 44

by Ronan Farrow


  Butt, Nazir Ahmed, 76, 129, 130

  Butturini, Teo, 222–23, 236

  buzkashi (game), 169–70, 199

  BuzzFeed, 270

  Cafritz, Bill, 47

  Cafritz, Buffy, 47

  Cairo, 102, 229

  6th October Bridge in, 222–23

  Cairo University, xxvi

  Camargo, Alberto Lleras, 247

  Cambodia, 6

  Cambridge University, 13

  Camp David, 228–29, 235

  Canada, 4, 5

  capture-and-kill operations, 211

  Cardin, Ben, 272

  Cartel, Medellín, 250

  Carter, Ash, xxix

  Carter, Jimmy, 39, 228–29

  Carter administration, 22–23, 38

  Carville, James, xxii

  “cash flow financing,” 234

  Cassidy & Associates, 30, 145

  Central Command (CENTCOM), 59, 61, 103, 111, 159, 274

  Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), xxvi, 12, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 41, 42, 43, 44, 55, 57, 70, 71, 76, 82, 106, 138, 143, 145, 161, 175, 185, 186, 190, 192, 197, 213, 216, 242, 246, 248, 302

  Counterrorism Center of, 175

  Raymond Davis and, 128, 129

  Khost bombing and, 100

  mujahedeen and, 170–71

  in Somalia, 204, 209–12

  Special Activities Division of, 177

  Syrian policy and, 159–60

  Chacon, Arnold, xii, xiii

  Chandrasekaran, Rajiv, 109

  “Changing Pakistan’s Behavior Toward the Taliban” (flow chart), 65

  Charlie Wilson’s War (film), 171–72

  Cheema, Umar, 71

  police attack on, 68–69

  Cheney, Dick, xxiv, 267

  China, xx, 53, 65, 93, 96, 282, 287, 288, 289, 290–94, 298, 304

  development programs of, 292

  Christopher, Warren, xxii, 39

  Chunta, Hazarat, 195

  Churchill, Winston, 4

  Clancy, Erin, xvi–xx, 260

  Clapper, James, xxvi

  Clarke, Richard A., 211

  “clientitis,” 150

  Clinton, Bill, xxii, 13, 15, 28, 32, 39, 47, 59, 243–44, 250, 286

  Clinton, Hillary, xxvii, xxviii, xxxii, 10, 47, 48, 51–52, 54, 57, 59, 61, 64, 80, 94, 95–96, 102, 108, 110, 112, 118, 120, 121–22, 130, 134–35, 230, 277–78, 288–89

  on Afghan troop surge, 65–66

  Dostum and, 191–92

  elbow fractures of, 121

  email server of, xvi

  Holbrooke and, 15

  Holbrooke’s death and, 124–25

  and Pakistan visa blocking, 77

  as secretary of state, 52

  social recall of, 52

  State Department memoir of, 135

  on Syria policy, 161

  Taliban negotiations and, 106–7

  Tunisia speech of, 227–28

  Clinton administration, 38, 39, 49, 140, 287

  Coalition Provisional Authority, xxiv, 306

  cocaine, 244, 247, 248

  Cocaine Triangle, 163

  Cold War, xxii, xxiii, 5, 162, 166, 228, 245

  Colombia, 237–53

  extrajudicial killings in, 240–41, 242, 250–52

  homicide rate of, 249

  paramilitaries in, 248

  Soacha scandal in, 240–41, 242

  US aid to, 244–45, 246, 250–51

  US assistance and training to, 241–42

  Combined Tactical Systems (CTS), 236

  Commander’s Emergency Response Program, xxv, 80, 171

  Committee to Protect Journalists, 70

  Congo, 93

  Congress, US, xxii, 3, 23, 78, 95, 129, 134, 170, 186, 224, 233, 271, 272, 273, 274, 279, 287, 304

  Bhutto’s address to, 27

  consulates, xxii

  containment, 20

  “containment doctrine,” 5

  Cooper, Anderson, 185

  Corker, Bob, 272

  corruption, 238

  Costeño, 237, 239, 240

  Coumadin, 118

  Council on Foreign Relations, 18

  counterinsurgency, 18, 20, 63, 66–67, 115, 116, 242, 245, 246

  three steps of, 80–81

  counterinsurgency doctrine (COIN), 60–61, 116

  counterterrorism, xxiii, 7–8, 124

  Counter-Terrorism Security Group, 211

  Countryman, Dubravka, xiii–xiv

  Countryman, Thomas, ix–xi, xiii–xiv, xv–xvi, xvii, xviii, xx, 214, 306–7, 309

  accent of, xi–xii

  background of, xi–xii

  resignation of, xii–xiv

  on Trump administration, xiv–xv

  “coup clause,” 232–33

  Craig, Greg, 49, 50

  Crowley, P. J., 110, 121

  Crumpton, Hank, 177, 179, 180

  Cuba, xxvi, 282–83

  cyberterrorism, xx

  Daman-e-Koh park, 68

  Damascus, American embassy in, xviii

  Damavand College, 21

  Da Nang, 17

  “Dangers of Being Too Good-Looking, The” (Esquire article), 119

  Daniel Pearl Fellowship, 68

  Darfur, 293

  Dasht-i-Leili desert, 181

  Dasht-i-Leili massacre, 164–202

  Davis, Raymond, 126–28, 129–30, 131, 138

  Dayton Agreement, 39–40, 41

  death squads, 242, 248–49

  DeCarlo’s restaurant, 145

  Decree 3398, 245–46

  Defense Department, US, xxiv–xxv, xxx, xxxi, 18, 55, 59, 82, 156, 161, 184, 202, 204, 213, 214, 216, 225, 234, 242, 258

  budget of, xxvi

  State Department power ceded to, 158–59

  Syrian policy and, 159–60

  defense spending, xxiii–xxiv, xxvi, 274

  Dejban, Donna, 95, 118

  d’Erlanger, Rodolphe, 227

  DeStefano, Johnny, 274

  Diplomatic Society, 145

  diplomats, diplomacy, xi, xxvii, xxxii, 3–4, 5, 151, 282, 308

  in Afghanistan and Pakistan, 8

  destruction of institutions of, xxxi–xxxii

  militarization of by Trump, 156–57, 163

  skepticism about, xx

  Trump on, xiv

  Directive #29, 241

  Directorate S, 44, 131–32

  Dirksen Senate Office Building, 272

  Djibouti, 212

  Donilon, Tom, xxvii, xxviii, 113

  Dostum, Abdul Rashid, 166–202, 204

  alcoholism of, 189–90

  army service of, 170

  author’s interview with, 166–69, 188–98

  background of, 169–70

  charm of, 179

  fall from power of, 200

  as fitness guru, 192

  mujahedeen joined by, 172

  press portrayal of, 190–92

  Taliban and, 172–73

  US arming of, 173, 178–79

  violence of, 169–70, 199–200

  visa denial and, 191–92

  drone strikes, 72–73, 74–75, 147

  drought, 97

  drugs, 238, 244, 245, 248, 249

  Duterte, Rodrigo, 158

  East Timor, 59

  education, 22

  Egypt, x, 73, 102, 157–58, 163, 222–36, 238, 250, 306

  crackdown on protests in, 231–32

  elections in, 230–31

  US aid to, 229, 232–34, 235–36

  Eikenberry, Karl, 108

  ElBaradei, Mohamed, 224, 226

  El-Bayoumi, Jehan, 121

  Elvir (Freddy Torres’s cousin), 238–39, 240

  Emanuel, Rahm, 63

  Embasoira Hotel, 203–4

  Energy Department, US, 301

  Eritrea, 208, 212, 213

  Esquire, 119

  Ethiopia, 208, 212, 213, 215, 216–17

  ethnic cleansing, 46

  European Union (EU), 212, 214, 298

  Evans, Micheal, 20
5–6, 220–21

  Evans, Paul, 177

  Evans, Sally, 204–6, 207, 220–21

  Evans, Thomas, see Hakim, Abdul

  executions, 8–9

  Express Tribune, 36

  extrajudicial killings (EJK), 8–10, 11, 70–71, 72

  in Colombia, 240–41, 242, 250–52

  ExxonMobil, 259, 263

  F-15 fighters, 157

  F-16 fighter jets, 27

  Facebook, 205

  Faheem, Mohammed, 127

  Fahmy, Nabil (interim foreign minister), 226–27, 236

  The Fairfax, preinaugural party at, 47–48, 51, 56

  false positives, 240–41, 250

  FARC, see Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia

  Far Eastern Economic Review, 33

  Fazl, Mohammad, 174

  Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 14, 26, 55, 76, 144, 146–49, 184, 207, 216

  Federally Administered Tribal Agencies (FATA), 42–43

  Feldman, Dan, 120–21, 146

  Ferozepur Road, 126

  5th Special Forces Group, 177–78

  Financial Times, 137–39, 140

  Finer, Jon, 297, 300, 301, 303, 304

  Finn, Robert, 183, 184

  floods, 97

  Flournoy, Michele, 131

  Folk, Anders, 220

  Foreign Affairs, 119

  foreign aid, xiv

  Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court, 147

  foreign policy, US, xxviii, 4

  changes to focus of, xxi–xxii

  militarization of, xxiii–xxiv, xxvi–xxvii, xxxii, 17–18, 158–59, 167

  Foreign Policy, xxi, 55, 124, 275

  Foreign Service, US, ix, xi, xii, xxv, 5, 17, 21, 22, 82, 184, 227, 260, 270, 274, 276, 277–78, 298, 306, 309

  lack of experience at, xxx–xxxi

  Mahogany Row in, xvii, xviii, 12, 257

  pay of, xviii–xix

  resignation letters at, xiii

  vacancies at, xxx

  Fort Benning, 242

  Fort Bragg, 127

  Fort McNair, 111

  Fort Myer Army Base, 201–2

  Four Powers Summit (1960), 16–17

  Fox News, 140

  Franklin, Benjamin, 3

  Frazer, Jendayi, 211–12, 218, 219

  Freddy (acquaintance of Elvir), 237, 238–39, 240

  Free Syrian Army (FSA), 159–60

  Friedman, Thomas, xxiii

  Fusa, 238–39

  Gaddafi, Muammar, 208

  Garden Cafe, 148, 150

  Gates, Robert, 64, 65

  Gelb, Leslie, 18, 51, 118

  Geneva Conventions, 174

  Genghis Khan, 189

  genocide, 10

  George Washington University Hospital, 120

  Germany, 99–101, 286, 297

  Ghani, Ashraf, 190, 200

  Ghost Writer, The (film), 85–86

  Gilani, Yousaf Raza, 36, 77

  glaciers, 97

  Glenn, John, 24

  Global Times, 291

  global warming, 97

  Global War on Terrorism, xxiii, xxiv–xxv, 87, 186

  Goldstein, Steven, 257, 258, 264

  Google, 81

  Gore, Al, 38, 41

  Gorka, Sebastian, 279

  Government Accountability Office, 234

  Graham, Lindsey, 224, 225, 226

  Great Britain, xi, 3–4

  Great Depression, 4

  Green Berets, 177–78

  Green Revolution, 302

  Grossman, Marc, 140

  “Ground Lines of Communication” (GLOCs), 133–35

  Guam, 285

  Guantánamo Bay, 101, 174, 184, 193

  Gulf War, 306

  Hagel, Chuck, 225

  Haider, Faizan, 127

  Hakim, Abdul (the White Beast), 205–6, 207, 220–21

  Halberstam, David, 48

  Haley, Nikki, 263–64, 266, 281, 283, 302

  Hamlisch, Marvin, 122

  Haqqani, Husain, 4, 32–37, 77, 89, 130, 133, 144

  as ambassador to US, 36–37

  arrest of, 34–35

  background of, 32–33

  as Bhutto’s spokesperson, 34

  bin Laden killing and, 137–38

  Davis scandal and, 129, 130

  detention and exile of, 141–43

  Holbrooke’s relationship with, 84–87

  Ijaz memo and, 137–43

  ISI mistrust of, 119

  move to US by, 35

  Sharif and, 33–34

  suspect loyalties of, 138–43

  visas issued by, 138

  Haqqani, Jalaluddin, 24, 42–43

  Harriman, William Averell, 18–19, 52, 57

  Harriman, Pamela, 16

  Harry’s Tap Room, 101

  Hastings, Michael, 104–5

  Hay, John, 84

  Hay-Adams hotel, 84

  Hayden, Michael, 43–44, 71, 132, 216, 235

  Hayes, Jeff, 100

  Hazaras, 176–77

  health programs, 270

  Heffernan, John, 165–66, 181

  Hekmatyar, Gulbuddin, 24, 25, 28, 42–43

  Helms, Jesse, xxii

  Hemsworth, Chris, 197

  Herat, 182

  heroin, 79

  Herring, Joanne, 170, 171

  Hill, Christopher, 287–89, 295

  Hoge, James, 119

  Holbrooke, Anthony, 54

  Holbrooke, David, 54

  Holbrooke, Richard, xxvii, 5, 6, 15–20, 21, 30, 32, 33, 70, 78–83, 84–87, 91, 92, 95–96, 111–12, 119, 134, 135, 142, 143, 146, 147, 150–51, 155, 156, 158, 162, 171, 191–92, 201, 227, 258, 275, 287, 288, 296, 304, 308–9

  Afghan farming supported by, 79–80

  Afghan reconstruction and, 78–82

  on Afghan troop surge, 64–67

  Agha negotiations and, 101–6

  ambulance ride notes of, 121

  audio diaries of, 64

  author’s job interview with, 55–59

  author’s relationship with, 46–47, 118–19

  background of, 15–17

  bathroom meetings of, 58

  Bosnian conflict and, 38–41, 53

  Charlie Rose interview of, 48–49

  Dayton Agreement and, 39–40

  death of, 123–25

  group waivers and, 94–95

  health problems of, 117–18, 120–21

  Hillary Clinton and, 48, 50–52

  induced coma of, 123

  Iraq War supported by, 50, 64

  Kerry-Lugar-Berman Act and, 89–90

  meeting with Obama of, 51

  memo to Clinton by, 112–17

  negotiating style of, 16

  New Yorker profile on, 110

  Obama administration and, 48–51

  Obama administration’s rift with, 109–10, 135–36

  at Obama preinaugural party, 47–48

  and Obama’s review of Afghan strategy, 63–64

  Obama’s treatment of, 63–64

  pariah status of, 107–9

  passed over as secretary of state, 40–41

  Petraeus and, 61–62

  press relationship with, 109–10

  “shura” meetings of, 107

  shuttle diplomacy by, 86

  ambition to serve as special envoy for India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan, 53–59

  Susan Rice and, 49

  Taliban negotiations and, 120

  undermining of, 107–9

  USAID hat of, 92–93

  USAID projects contracted by, 78–79

  Vietnam and, 17–20

  water policy and, 96–98

  Homeland Security Department, US, 271

  honor killings, 149–50

  Hook, Brian, 265, 267, 289, 291, 309

  Horn of Africa, 163, 203–4

  Hudson Institute, 142

  Huffington Post, 95

  human rights, 71–72, 157–58, 161, 163, 165, 238, 244, 250, 280–81

  Human Rights Watch,
8, 9, 190, 191, 223–24, 231, 233–34

  Ijaz, Mansoor, 137–39, 142

  background of, 139–40

  India, 26, 29, 30–31, 32, 42, 43, 53, 65, 85, 86–87, 96, 114, 126, 150

  water issues and, 97–98

  Indus River, 97

  Indus Waters Treaty, 97

  Insigniam, 269, 270

  InterAction, 81, 93

  Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), 212, 214

  International Herald Tribune, 46

  internationalism, xx

  International Monetary Fund, 5, 226

  Inter-Services Intelligence agency (ISI), 22, 23, 25, 28, 34, 41–42, 43, 44, 71, 75–76, 100, 119, 128, 129, 131–32, 133, 140–41, 142

  anti-American stories planted by, 73

  and Cheema, 69–70

  Haqqani and, 138, 140–41

  Petraeus on, 76

  Iran, xx, xxiii, xxvi, 2, 21, 53, 86, 92, 309

  human rights record of, 280–81

  nuclear deal with, x, 279–81, 295–99

  sanctions on, 299, 300

  uranium enrichment facility in, 299

  Iran-Contra affair, 298

  Iraq, 59, 66, 140, 156

  Iraq War, xxiv–xxv, xxxii, 50, 64, 299, 306, 308

  counterinsurgency doctrine in, 60–61

  ISAF, 62

  Ischi, Ahmad, 199–200

  Islam, radical, xx

  Islamabad, 10–11, 21, 22, 33, 68

  Islamic Courts Union (ICU), 203–4, 208–9, 214, 215–16, 217–18, 220

  stabilizing effect of, 209

  Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, 105

  Islamic Revolution, 22

  Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), xxiii, 158–59, 160, 201, 234, 309

  Islamists, 24–25

  Islamist terrorism, 176–77

  isolationism, 4

  Israel, x, 228–29, 231, 234, 250, 280

  Izetbegovic´, Alija, 39

  Jamaat-e-Islami party, 33

  Japan, xxxi, 5, 284, 286

  Jay, John, 3

  Jezebel (blog), xxviii

  jihad, 26

  Jilani, Jalil Abbas, 144

  Johnson, Lyndon, 63

  Joint Special Operations, 143

  Jolie, Angelina, 59

  Jones, Jim, xxvi, xxvii, 65, 107–8, 109, 132, 138

  Holbrooke firing memo of, 108

  Jones, Stuart E., 157

  Jordan, x, xv

  American embassy in, ix–x

  Junbish militias, 190, 199

  Justice Department, US, 55

  Kabul, 102, 172, 177, 179, 183, 188

  Vice Presidential Palace in, 167–68, 189, 200

  Kalimas, 7

  Kamal, Mohsin, 88 129, 130

  Kandahar, 100, 175

  Kappes, Steve, 132

  Karachi University, 33

  Karzai, Hamid, 104, 106, 108, 113, 135, 175, 176

  Kashmir, 97

  Katzenbach, Nicholas, 19

  Kayani, General, 89, 90, 132, 133, 138, 141

  Kazakhstan, 294

  Kelly, John F., 156, 201, 285

  Kennan, George, 5

  Kennedy, John F., 308

  Kennedy, Patrick, xvi, 306

  Kenney, Kristie, xix

  Kenya, 208, 212, 221

 

‹ Prev