The Golden Passport

by Duff McDonald

  16Wallace Donham and Esty Foster, “The Graduate School of Business Administration,” in Samuel Eliot Morrison, ed., The Development of Harvard University since the Inauguration of President Eliot 1869–1929 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1930).

  17Steven A. Sass, “The Managerial Ideology in Collegiate Business Education,” Business and Economic History 14 (January 1, 1985): 199–212.

  18Walter Kiechel, “The Management Century,” Harvard Business Review, November 2012.

  19Ibid.

  20Kimble to JDR Jr., 5 May 1949, Box 69, Series G (Educational Interests), Record Group 2 (Office of the Messrs. Rockefeller), Rockefeller Family Archives, Rockefeller Archive Center, Sleepy Hollow, New York.

  21Craig Mellow, “And a Harvard MBA Shall Lead Us,” Across the Board 23 (April 1986): 12–19.

  22Wallace Donham, letter to the president of Harvard, 1921–22. Report of the President of Harvard College and reports of departments, p. 81.

  23Cruikshank, A Delicate Experiment, p. 95.

  Chapter 7: The Benefactors: George Baker, Sr. & Jr.

  1Jeffrey L. Cruikshank, A Delicate Experiment: The Harvard Business School 1908–1945 (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 1987), p. 99.

  2William Lawrence, Memories of a Happy Life (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1926), pp. 419–20.

  3Gabriel Abend, The Moral Background: An Inquiry into the History of Business Ethics (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2014), p. 241.

  4http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/2015/06/04/harvard-decision-rename-schools-has-opened-the-charity-floodgates/FlRUCYghRECNrDWLtdLqqJ/story.html.

  5Wallace B. Donham, “The Emerging Profession of Business,” Harvard Business Review 5, no. 4 (1927): 201–405.

  6Rakesh Khurana, From Higher Aims to Hired Hands: The Social Transformation of American Business Schools and the Unfulfilled Promise of Management as a Profession (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2010), p. 118.

  7John Jay Chapman, “Harvard and Education,” Harvard Graduates’ Magazine 33 (1924).

  8Peter Cohen, The Gospel According to the Harvard Business School (Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin Books, 1974), p. 106.

  9http://harvardmagazine.com/2000/11/antioch-revealed.html.

  10Stuart Crainer and Des Dearlove, Gravy Training: Inside the Business of Business Schools (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1999), p. 11.

  Chapter 8: Doctor Who?: Elton Mayo

  1Ellen S. O’Connor, “The Politics of Management Thought: A Case Study of the Harvard Business School and the Human Relations School,”Academy of Management Review 24, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 117–31.

  2Matthew Stewart, The Management Myth: Why the Experts Keep Getting It Wrong (New York: Norton, 2009), p. 105.

  3O’Connor, “The Politics of Management Thought,” p. 119.

  4James Hoopes, False Prophets (New York: Basic Books, 2007).

  5Jeffrey L. Cruikshank, A Delicate Experiment: The Harvard Business School 1908–1945 (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 1987), p. 170.

  6Stewart, The Management Myth, p. 106.

  7Hoopes, False Prophets, p. 146.

  8Daniel A. Wren, The History of Management Thought, 5th ed. (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2005), p. 286.

  9Stewart, The Management Myth, p. 114.

  10Richard C. S. Trahair, Elton Mayo: The Humanist Temper (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction, n.d.), p. 248.

  11Elton Mayo, “The Social Problems of an Industrial Civilization: Including, as an Appendix, the Political Problem of Industrial Civilization,” Harvard University, Graduate School of Business Administration, Division of Research, 1945, p. 72

  12Stewart, The Management Myth, p. 135.

  13Trahair, Elton Mayo, p. 241.

  14Joel Bakan, The Corporation: The Pathological Pursuit of Profit and Power (New York: Free Press, 2005), p. 17.

  15Richard Gillespie, Manufacturing Knowledge: A History of the Hawthorne Experiments (Cambridge, Mass.: Cambridge University Press, 1993).

  16Dana Bramel and Ronald Friend, “Hawthorne, the Myth of the Docile Worker, and Class Bias in Psychology,” American Psychologist 36, no. 8 (1981): 867.

  17Hoopes, False Prophets, Introduction.

  18Fritz Jules Roethlisberger, The Elusive Phenomena: An Autobiographical Account of My Work in the Field of Organizational Behavior at the Harvard Business School (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1977), p. 279.

  19Trahair, Elton Mayo, p. 8.

  20John Cunningham Wood and Michael C. Wood, George Elton Mayo: Critical Evaluations in Business and Management (London and New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2004), p. 143.

  21Hoopes, False Prophets, p. 158.

  22Elton Mayo, The Human Problems of an Industrial Civilization (London: Routledge, 2003), p. 185.

  Chapter 9: A Decade in Review: 1920-1929

  1http://poetsandquants.com/2015/05/22/haas-to-increase-class-size-by-15/.

  2Jodi Kantor, “Harvard Business School Case Study: Gender Equity,” New York Times, September 7, 2013.

  3Ellen S. O’Connor, “The Politics of Management Thought: A Case Study of the Harvard Business School and the Human Relations School,” Academy of Management Review 24, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 117–31.

  4Thorstein Veblen, The Higher Learning In America (New York: Cosimo Classics, 2005), p. 153.

  5Rakesh Khurana, From Higher Aims to Hired Hands: The Social Transformation of American Business Schools and the Unfulfilled Promise of Management as a Profession (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2010), p. 177.

  Chapter 10: The First Broadside: Abraham Flexner

  1Abraham Flexner and Allan Nevins, Abraham Flexner: An Autobiography (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1960), p. 232.

  2Abraham Flexner, Universities: American, English, German (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction, 1994), p. 5

  3Ibid., p. 163.

  4Ibid., p. 164.

  5Ibid., p. 165.

  6Ibid., p. 166.

  7Ibid.

  8Ibid., p. 169.

  9Ibid., p. 171.

  10Jeffrey L. Cruikshank, A Delicate Experiment: The Harvard Business School 1908–1945 (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 1987), p. 184.

  Chapter 11: Friends in High Places

  1Wallace Donham, letter to the president of Harvard, 1932–33, p. 146.

  2http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,739892,00.html.

  3Harvard University, The Graduate School of Business Administration, vol. 38, no. 24, part 1 (Cambridge, MA: The University, April 15, 1941).

  4Gardiner Harris Berenson, Barry Meier, and Andrew Pollack, “Despite Warnings, Drug Giant Took Long Path to Vioxx Recall,” New York Times, November 14, 2004, http://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/14/business/despite-warnings-drug-giant-took-long-path-to-vioxx-recall.html.

  5Snigdha Prakash Vikki Valentine, “Timeline: The Rise and Fall of Vioxx,” NPR.org, http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5470430.

  6Raymond V. Gilmartin, “The Vioxx Recall Tested Our Leadership,” Harvard Business Review, October 6, 2011.

  7http://www.hbshealthalumni.org/article.html?aid=642.

  8Wallace Donham, letter to the president of Harvard, 1934–35. Report of the President of Harvard College and reports of departments, p. 216.

  9Wallace Donham, letter to the president of Harvard, 1933–34. Report of the President of Harvard College and reports of departments, p. 175.

  10Wallace Donham, letter to the president of Harvard, 1934–35. Report of the President of Harvard College and reports of departments, p. 216.

  11Jeffrey L. Cruikshank, A Delicate Experiment: The Harvard Business School 1908–1945 (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 1987), p. 190.

  12Wallace Donham, letter to the president of Harvard, 1938–39. Report of the President of Harvard College and reports of departments, p. 280.

  Chapter 12: The Marriage of Moral Authority and Managerial Control

  1Lawrence Freedman, Strategy: A History (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford Universi
ty Press, 2013), p. 471.

  2Chester Irving Barnard and Kenneth Thompson, Organization and Management: Selected Papers (New York: Psychology Press, 2003), p. 71.

  3Ibid.

  4Freedman, Strategy, p. 472.

  5James Hoopes, False Prophets (New York: Basic Books, 2007), p. 166.

  6Chester I. Barnard, The Functions of the Executive, 30th anniversary ed. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1971), p. 147.

  7HBS course catalog, 1908–09, p. 14.

  8Stephen A. Zeff, “The Contribution of the Harvard Business School to Management Control, 1908–1980,” Journal of Management Accounting Research, Vol. 20, Special Issue 2008, p. 202.

  9HBS course catalog, 1937–38, p. 47.

  10HBS course catalog, 1922–23, p. 51.

  11William B. Wolf, Management and Consulting: An Introduction to James O. McKinsey (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1978), p. 5.

  12Jeffrey L. Cruikshank, A Delicate Experiment: The Harvard Business School 1908–1945 (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 1987), p. 242.

  13HBS course catalog, 1938–39, p. 50.

  14Ibid., p. 53.

  15Alfred D. Chandler, “The Competitive Performance of US Industrial Enterprises since the Second World War,” Business History Review 68 (Spring 1994).

  16Cruikshank, A Delicate Experiment, p. 242

  17Zeff, “The Contribution of the Harvard Business School to Management Control, 1908–1980,” p. 183.

  18HBS course catalog, 1946–47, p. 31.

  19Zeff, “The Contribution of the Harvard Business School to Management Control, 1908–1980,” p. 189.

  20Ibid.

  Chapter 13: The Venture Capitalist: Georges Doriot

  1“Peter Thiel on Creativity: Asperger’s Promotes It, Business School Crushes It,” BloombergView, October 7, 2014, http://www.bloomberg.com/bw/articles/2014–10–07/peter-thiel-criticizes-harvard-business-school-praises-aspergers.

  2Spencer E. Ante, Creative Capital: Georges Doriot and the Birth of Venture Capital (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2008), Introduction.

  3Harry Goldberg, “All Aboard for the New Business Era,” Cincinnati Enquirer, April 10, 1932.

  4Ante, Creative Capital, p.

  5Ibid.

  6Ibid.

  7Jeffrey L. Cruikshank, Shaping the Waves: A History of Entrepreneurship at Harvard Business School (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2005), p. 61.

  8Major General R. B. McClure to Brigadier General Georges Doriot, Headquarters Chinese Combat Command, United States Forces, China Theater, Office of the Commanding General, August 20, 1945, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Georges F. Doriot papers.

  9Ante, Creative Capital.

  10http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,896620,00.html.

  11Nathan M. Pusey, letter to Georges Doriot, March 22, 1965, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Georges F. Doriot papers.

  12Robert Finkel, The Masters of Private Equity and Venture Capital: Management Lessons from the Pioneers of Private Investing (New York: McGraw-Hill Education, 2009), p. 1.

  13Gene Bylinsky, “General Doriot’s Dream Factory,” Fortune 76 (1967): 103–7.

  14Ante, Creative Capital, p. 131.

  Chapter 14: A Decade in Review: 1930–1939

  1Rakesh Khurana, From Higher Aims to Hired Hands: The Social Transformation of American Business Schools and the Unfulfilled Promise of Management as a Profession (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2010), p. 103.

  2John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge, The Company: A Short History of a Revolutionary Idea (New York: Modern Library, 2005), p. 84.

  3Khurana, From Higher Aims to Hired Hands, p. 190.

  4“Ask Bay State Inquiry Into Power Financing,” New York Times, April 23, 1929.

  5http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,741385,00.html.

  6Joel Bakan, The Corporation: The Pathological Pursuit of Profit and Power (New York: Free Press, 2005), p. 19.

  7Adolf A. Berle and Gardiner C. Means, The Modern Corporation and Private Property (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1967), 313.

  8Khurana, From Higher Aims to Hired Hands, p. 208.

  Chapter 15: The West Point of Capitalism

  1http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,851175,00.html.

  2Washington Evening Star, March 27, 1942.

  3John A. Byrne, The Whiz Kids: The Founding Fathers of American Business—and the Legacy They Left Us (New York: Doubleday Business, 1993), p. 43.

  4http://institutionalmemory.hbs.edu/timeline/1942/donham_writes_that_the_flexibility_of_the_case_method_has_allowed.html.

  5http://institutionalmemory.hbs.edu/timeline/1943/faculty_writes_600_cases_for_classroom_instruction_of_milltary_personnel.html.

  6Dean David, letter to the president of Harvard, 1945–46. Report of the President of Harvard College and reports of departments, p. 384.

  7http://institutionalmemory.hbs.edu/timeline/1945/edmund_learned_is_awarded_distinguished_service_medal_by_the_army_air.html.

  8Carter A. Daniel, MBA: The First Century (Lewisburg, PA: Bucknell University Press, 1998), p. 133.

  9Arthur Herman, Freedom’s Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II (New York: Random House, 2013), p. ix.

  10Melvin Thomas Copeland, And Mark an Era: The Story of the Harvard Business School (Boston: Little, Brown, 1958), p. 245.

  11Dean David, letter to the president of Harvard, 1951–52. Report of the President of Harvard College and reports of departments, p. 610.

  Chapter 16: The Darling of the Business Elite: Donald David

  1Rakesh Khurana, From Higher Aims to Hired Hands: The Social Transformation of American Business Schools and the Unfulfilled Promise of Management as a Profession (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2010), p. 241.

  2D. K. David, “Business Responsibilities in an Uncertain World,” Harvard Business Review 29 (1949): 1–9 (supplement).

  3“Business Is Rallied to Fight Communism,” New York Times, September 11, 1949, p. 21.

  4Martin Bower, ed., The Development of Executive Leadership (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1949), p. viii.

  5Khurana, From Higher Aims to Hired Hands, p. 241.

  6David to JDR Jr., 16 June 1950, Box 69, Series G (Educational Interests), Record Group 2 (Office of the Messrs. Rockefeller), Rockefeller Family Archives, Rockefeller Archive Center, Sleepy Hollow, New York.

  7George David Smith, John T. Seaman Jr., and Morgen Witzel, A History of the Firm (N.p.: McKinsey, 2010), 90.

  8Bert Spector, “Business Responsibilities in a Divided World: The Cold War Roots of the Corporate Social Responsibility Movement,” Enterprise and Society 9, no. 2 (2008): 325.

  9Ibid.

  10Peter F. Drucker, Concept of the Corporation (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction, 2009), p. 7.

  11Ibid., p. 6.

  12Khurana, From Higher Aims to Hired Hands, p. 200.

  13Bower, ed., The Development of Executive Leadership, p. v.

  14William H. Whyte, The Organization Man (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002), p. 4.

  15Laurence Shames, The Big Time: Harvard Business School’s Most Successful Class—and How It Shaped America (New York: HarperCollins, 1986), p. 26.

  16Alfred D. Chandler Jr., Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1994), p. 52.

  17Khurana, From Higher Aims to Hired Hands, p. 195.

  18Donald David, letter to the president of Harvard, 1945–46. Report of the President of Harvard College and reports of departments, p. 380.

  19Spector, “Business Responsibilities in a Divided World,” p. 330.

  20Kimble to JDR Jr., 5 May 1949, Box 69, Series G (Educational Interests), Record Group 2 (Office of the Messrs. Rockefeller), Rockefeller Family Archives, Rockefeller Archive Center, Sleepy Hollow, New York.

  Chapter 17: From the “Retreads” to the Crème de la C
rème

  1Jeffrey L. Cruikshank, A Delicate Experiment: The Harvard Business School 1908–1945 (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 1987), p. 233.

  2Donald David, letter to the president of Harvard, 1943–44. Report of the President of Harvard College and reports of departments, p. 209.

  3George Baker, letter to the president of Harvard, 1968–69. Report of the President of Harvard College and reports of departments, p. 285.

  4David A. Garvin, “Teaching Executives and Teaching MBAs: Reflections on the Case Method,” Academy of Management Learning & Education 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 364–74.

  5Ibid.

  6Philip T. Crotty Jr., “Professional Education for Experienced Managers: A Comparison of the MBA and Executive Development Programs,” 1970, p. 29.

  7Lawrence Fouraker, letter to the president of Harvard, 1974–75.

  8J. Paul Mark, The Empire Builders: Inside the Harvard Business School (New York: William Morrow, 1987), p. 134.

  9Ibid.

  10James Sterngold, “Japan Bank’s Chief Resigns Over Scandal,” New York Times, October 23, 1991, http://www.nytimes.com/1991/10/23/business/japan-bank-s-chief-resigns-over-scandal.html.

  11http://institutionalmemory.hbs.edu/timeline/1964/hbs_receives_a_very_large_grant_from_ibm_to_support_a.html.

  12Mark, The Empire Builders, p. 177.

  13John McArthur, letter to the president of Harvard, 1983–84. Report of the President of Harvard College and reports of departments, p. 320.

  14Mark, The Empire Builders, p. 177.

  15http://www.exed.hbs.edu/programs/amp/Pages/default.aspx.

  16Jennifer Keishin Armstrong, “Tyra Banks: ‘Now I Understand the Importance of Hiring Really Strong People,’” Fast Company, October 17, 2014, http://www.fastcompany.com/3036075/creative-conversations/tyra-banks.

  17http://www.allure.com/beauty-trends/blogs/daily-beauty-reporter/2014/10/tyra-banks-new-beauty-line.html.

  18Gerald Posner, God’s Bankers: A History of Money and Power at the Vatican (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2015), p. 194.

  19http://observer.com/2015/05/american-pharoah-owner-accused-of-being-a-welcher-perjurer-resume-padder/.