by Seth Koven
Mintz, Dr. Fredric, 187–88
Montessori schools, 4, 45, 62, 267, 270, 285, 303, 304, 318. See also Lester, Doris: and Montessori school at Kingsley Hall
moral paternalism, 19
Morel, Edmund, 175, 176, 399n119, 413n15
Morrell, Rev. John Earle, 165–67
Morris, E. W.: History of the London Hospital, 196–97
Morrison, Arthur, 69, 157, 374n145
Morten, Honnor, 269–71, 274, 418–19n46
Mortimer, George, 263, 264, 266, 318, 416n27
Mortimer, Lily, 263
motherhood/mothering, 31, 32, 66, 73, 127, 278, 365nn30 and 41, 379n31. See also slum motherhood
Mothers’ Meetings, 167–68, 169, 170
Mundella, Anthony, 51; Department Committee on Poor Law Schools (Mundella Committee), 52, 53
Muriel Lester House (Ann Arbor, Michigan), 6
Myers, Violet, 168
mysticism, 143, 212–14; Christian, 144
Nash, Miss, 92–94, 384n83
National Registration Act, 221
National Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Children, 79
National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies (NUWSS), 282–84, 288
naturopathy, 212
Nevinson, Henry Woodd, 53, 54, 371–72n105; “Scenes in a Barrack School,” 53–54
New Crusader/Crusader, 294, 295, 295–97, 314, 318, 224
New Girls, 66, 68, 72, 73
“New Jerusalem,” 2, 261
New Poor Law, (1834), 16, 50, 133, 177, 178, 180, 196, 303, 326
New Theology movement, 136, 149–50, 182, 183. See also religious modernism
New Unionism, 87, 276
New Woman, 66, 136, 159, 183, 373n129
New Zealand, 8, 52, 78, 104–6, 108, 112, 122–25, 131, 132. See also Dowell, Nellie: in New Zealand; match girls; match industry
Niebuhr, Reinhold: on pacifism, 259
Nonconformists/Nonconformity, 10, 44, 61, 70, 127, 136, 176, 177, 210, 211, 221, 255, 259, 283, 296, 395–96n63, 421n80
Northcote, Sir Stafford, 48–50, 56
Oldfield, Josiah, 69–70
Osler, Sir William: on Christian Science, 206–7
Orchard, Rev. William, 150, 395n55
Orwell, George, 260
pacifism, 3, 150, 259, 275, 285, 288, 301, 423n102; absolutist, 425–26n140, 426n145; global, 5; radical Christian, 286
Pankhurst, Emmeline, 89, 280, 282
Pankhurst, Sylvia, 275, 277, 286, 307, 312, 314
Papanui, 10, 124
Pearse, Dr. Margaret, 67
People’s Charter, 265–66
personal responsibility, 268
Pethick-Lawrence, Emmeline, 145, 170, 280, 281, 287, 421n73
Pethick-Lawrence, Frederick, 145, 170, 280, 281
philanthropists/philanthropy, 9, 39, 50, 57, 91, 101, 134, 179, 208, 275, 283, 296, 351; bourgeois, 179, 286, 358n5; Christian, 57; private, 191; religiously based, 278; Victorian, 84, 351
Phillips, Rev. Thomas, 262
phosphorous, 85; white, 88, 387n120; yellow, 129
Platten, Benjamin, 162, 209, 270; as conscientious objector, 221–23
Poole, Maria, 52, 53
poorhouses, 40
Poor Law: and the family, 177; in fiction, 47; garb, 42, 180; and half-orphans, 1, 8, 11, 53, 72 (see also Dowell, Nellie: as Poor Law half-orphan); and hospitals, 1, 200; and institutions; 8, 12, 17, 39, 119, 128, 133, 200, 301; and officials, 44; overhaul of, 51, 52, 178, 180, 181, 196, 290; and records, 23; and schools, 44, 53, 71, 133 (see also barrack schools; Forest Gate); and slum motherhood, 32–39; stigma of, 167
Poor Law unions, 23, 38, 39
Poplar and Stepney Poor Law Infirmary (St. Andrew’s Hospital), 10, 186, 186, 230, 326
Poplar Board of Guardians, 128, 180, 181
Poplar Municipal Alliance, 181
Poplar Rate Strike (Poplarism), 190–91
Prayer of Relaxation, 202, 203, 218, 219, 247, 254
Presence of God, 213, 216, 247, 319, 332
pro-peace march, 312–13
prostitutes/prostitution, 40, 41, 54, 76, 84, 246
Pryke, Beatrice (“Beattie”), 159–62, 181, 335
Pryke, Eliza, 159–60
“public schools,” 11, 70, 346–47n78
Pullen, Mu (Alice Muriel), 348
Quaker/Quakerism, 148, 258, 290, 296, 304, 419n52
queerness, 9, 212, 214, 237, 243, 244, 248, 412nn150 and 152
race/racism, 1–2, 32, 52, 128, 130, 131, 132, 137, 145, 156, 176, 218, 292, 330, 373n125, 399n119, 413n155
radical egalitarianism, 1, 11, 162
radicalism: Christian, 136, 162, 300; grassroots, 93; political, 89; secular, 399n118
Rathbone, Eleanor, 286
Raw, Louise, 87, 379n31
R. Bell and Company, 10, 78, 91, 108, 112, 114, 115, 17, 121, 125, 129, 130, 132, 122, 201, 276; and home workers, 31, 379n30; strike at, 95–103
reconciliation: and Christian revolution, 19, 144, 288–98, 315; Nellie Dowell’s use of, 310–11, 330; Henry Lester on, 138; Muriel Lester on, 137, 138, 151, 152, 332; as peacemaking instrument, 332, 341; and politics, 318; and theology, 138, 153, 292–293, 424n125
Reeves, William Pember, 114
Regions Beyond Inland Mission/Regions Beyond Missionary Union, 91, 172–75, 230. See also Berger Hall; Grattan Guinness, Rev. Harry; Hayes, Rev. Daniel
religious modernism, 135, 150, 177, 183, 212
Renewal (1903): and Wales 153
restitution: concept of, 19; and Restitution Fund, 260, 322, 323, 351, 431n222
Roberts, Rev. Richard, 291, 293, 329
Rollason, Jack: and Men’s Adult School, 271
Round Table Conference (1931), 5, 335, 346
Royden, Maude, 246; as pacifist feminist, 275; Sex and Common-Sense, 247
Ruskin, John, 29, 69, 288–89, 294
Russell, Bertrand, on revolution, 425–26n140
Rustin, Bayard, 6
Saleeby, Caleb, 49
“Salt of the Earth, The” (M. Lester), 7, 14, 307, 327, 336; as exempla, 327
same-sex desire, 3, 20, 238, 243, 246
schoolteachers, 29, 55, 64, 71, 73, 75, 111, 163, 270, 342, 344
Schreiner, Olive: Dreams, 76
Scurr, Julia, 275–78, 282
Seddon, Richard John, 104–8, 112–14, 123, 124, 385n91, 385n97, 385n100, 388n137
Seeley, J. R.: Ecce Homo, 137
Senior, Jane Nassau, 40, 50, 51, 71, 368n67
Sermon on the Mount, 18, 145, 164, 22, 260, 288–90, 301, 311, 327, 329
servants, 105, 156, 267, 268, 371–72, 418n45; household, 75, 93; Lesters’, 44, 60, 61, 63, 155, 156, 230; view of the poor, 156. See also Metropolitan Association for Befriending Young Servants
sexology, 243, 244, 245, 246, 411n139; and Christian psychology, 246–47
sexuality: and same-sex desire, 3, 20, 218, 237–52; and Tolstoy, 140
Shaftesbury, Lord (7th Earl of Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley-Cooper), 81–82
Shaw, George Bernard, 67, 89, 143, 160, 393n27
Simple Life, 68, 140, 141
sisterhood, 2, 13, 66, 76, 135, 284, 348
slavery: compared to white exploitation, 36, 86
Sloan, Caroline (“Aunt Carrie”), 26, 28, 77, 108, 174
Sloan, David, 26–28, 108
Sloan, Harriet (“Granny”), 25, 26, 28, 31, 77, 108, 165, 174, 180, 245, 300, 356n108
Sloan, Hugh, 26, 28, 386n108
slum dwellers/slums, 25, 66, 70, 95, 136, 137, 157–58, 165, 183, 204, 269, 341, 396–97n78
slumming, 101, 134, 154, 159, 394n34
slum motherhood, 32–39; and the Poor Law, 32–46
Smith, Dr. F. J., 189, 198–99
Snell, Harry (First Baron Snell), 127–28
Social Democratic Federation (SDF), 179, 278
socialism, 3, 50, 67, 79, 86, 123, 133, 135, 146, 147, 150, 259, 278, 286, 296; Christian, 146, 223, 246; ethical, 135; evolutionary, 86; roots of, 259
spiritu
alism: and Arthur Conan Doyle, 212
spirituality, 18, 137, 185, 186, 205, 212–16, 219, 339
sports, and girls 71, 72, 72, 374n135; bicycling and feminism, 66, 174, 202, 379n134
Stansfield, James, 40
Stead, William T., 84, 85, 89, 130
Stein, Gertrude, 226–28, 253
Stevenson, Lilian, 293
St. Leonard’s, education of girls at, 70–74, 252, 375nn154 and 156. See also Lester, Doris; Lester, Muriel
Strachey, Lady Jane, 282, 286
Strachey, Lytton, 262
Strachey, Oliver, 282
Strachey, Philippa (“Pippa”), 275, 283–85
Strachey, Ray, 282, 284
Stubbs, Right Rev. Charles, 289
suffrage/suffragettes, 67, 123, 145, 168, 185, 201, 204, 207, 210, 274–76, 279–84, 286, 287, 296. See also Federation of Suffragettes; London Society for Women’s Suffrage; National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies; United Suffragists; Women’s Freedom League
Sunday School Committee (Loughton Union Church), 163
Tagore, Rabindranath, 121, 215–17, 292, 294, 330, 407n88; Gitanjali, 216; One Hundred Poems of Kabîr, 215–16
Tawney, Richard Henry: The Acquisitive Society, 322
temperance, 4, 446, 162, 271, 384n85. See also Women’s Christian Temperance Union
Theosophy, 86, 90, 100, 136, 136–37, 145. See also Besant, Annie; Blavatsky, Helena
Thompson, Rev. Peter, 91, 154, 381n43, 396n63
Thompson, Rosalie, 286. See also Thompson, Peter
Toil and Trust (Clara Balfour), 46, 47, 63, 75
Tolstoi Settlement, 269, 418–19n46
Tolstoy, Leo, 1, 136, 139, 140, 140–43, 145, 153, 162, 164, 165, 182, 183, 210, 223, 229, 294, 297, 309–11; influence of the Sermon on the Mount on, 289
Toynbee Hall, 50, 53, 55, 144, 22, 274; purpose of, 267
trade policies, 385n91; global, 119; imperial, 10
trade unionism, 79, 90, 100, 276, 278; women’s, 2, 276, 278
transparency, 12, 316, 317, 320, 331, 338–39
Trinity House, 31, 102, 386n108
truancy officers, 83
True Story of My Life: A Sketch (Andersen), 81
Underhill, Evelyn, 144, 145, 213, 216, 218, 294, 394n40; Mysticism: A Study in the Nature and Development of Men’s Spiritual Consciousness, 214; One Hundred Poems of Kabîr, 215–16; Practical Mysticism: A Little Book For Normal People, 214–15
United Suffragists, 282
vegetarianism, 68; at Kingsley Hall, 340
Vicinus, Martha: on women’s friendships, 238
Vivekananda, Swami, 216, 217
voluntary poverty, 3, 299, 318–22, 338
Von Ronge, Johannes and Bertha, 29
Voysey, Charles Cowles, 331, 332, 432n3
Waiwera, 10, 110, 111, 112, 131, 390–91n189
Walke, Rev. Bernard, 288, 299, 300
Wallas, Graham, 89
Wanstead College, 67, 68
war, 3, 4, 6, 20, 219–26, 228, 299; alternatives to, 260; global, 312; and pacifism, 275. See also Anglo-Boer War; feminism; World War I
Waugh, Rev. Benjamin, 79, 267, 287
Webb, Beatrice Potter, 178, 181
Webb, Sidney (1st Baron Passfield), 89, 178, 181, 224
Wellington Match Factory Union, 112
Wellock, Wilfred, 288, 296, 300, 318; influences on, 294
Whipps, Alice (“Al”), 348, 349, 351, 434n34
white “slaves”: workers as, 86, 96, 371–72n105
Whitechapel Poor Law casual ward, 144
Whitechaperl Poor Law institutions, 10, 144, 187, 200, 238
Wilde, Oscar: The Happy Prince, 84
Wilson Wilson, Theodora, 288, 295, 296, 300
world citizenship, 3, 294, 295, 297, 330
Woman’s Dreadnought, 286
Women’s Christian Temperance Union, 124
women’s colleges, 41
Women’s Freedom League, 280, 281
women’s friendships, 237–52, 411n138; intimate, 237; mateship, 243; romantic, 237; seraphic, 239. See also gay, as term; lesbianism; queerness; same-sex desire
Women’s Meetings, 167, 168, 265, 267, 270, 275, 421n75
Women’s Peace Conference/Hague Conference, 283–84
Women’s Social and Political Union (WPSU), 280
Woolf, Virginia, 13, 15, 156, 247, 260, 328, 430n218
workhouse, 21, 39, 41, 46, 47, 50, 55, 89, 180, 181, 194, 200, 235, 303, 371–72n105. See also New Poor Law; Poor Law
World War I / Great War, 16, 18, 45, 79, 126, 135–37, 143, 145, 149, 150, 184, 204, 212, 226, 258, 260, 275, 276, 278, 280, 282, 283, 288, 296, 297, 300, 328, 415n7; and Braeside Hospital, 219–20, 220
“yellow peril”: and New Zealand, 110
Zenana Mission, 182, 183, 401n144
zeppelin raids, 309