Bir Abbas, 8.1, 10.1
Bir el Shedia
Bir-es-Salem, 17.1, 18.1
Bir Ibn Hassani
Bir Said
Bismarck, Otto von
Black Sea, 3.1, 18.1
Bliss, Howard, 4.1, 5.1, 10.1
Boer War, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 7.1
Bolsheviks, 15.1, 17.1
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Boston University
Bovington Camp, Dorset, epi.1, epi.2
Boyle, William “Ginger,”
Brandeis, Louis, 12.1, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 17.1
Bray, Norman
Brazil, 15.1, epi.1
Brémond, Édouard, 8.1, 12.1, 12.2, 14.1, epi.1, nts.1n
Allied Aqaba landing supported by, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, nts.1n
character and personality of
departure from Middle East of
desire to send troops to Rabegh by, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, nts.1n
Lawrence and, 9.1, 9.2, 10.1, 11.1
obstructionist agenda of, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 10.1
Ottoman French bank supported by, 11.1, 15.1
warning about Abd el Kader from
Brest-Litovsk, German-Russian negotiations at, 17.1, 17.2
Brewster, William
Britain, British, see Great Britain
British Colonial Office, epi.1, epi.2
British Empire, 11.1, 17.1
global conflicts of
British worldview instilled by
British India, 7.1, 7.2, 12.1
army of, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1, 18.2
Hussein undermined by
Indian soldiers in army of, 7.1, 15.1, nts.1n
Iraq invaded by, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 10.1, 11.1, epi.1
rivalry between British Egypt and, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
troops from assisting Arab Revolt
British military intelligence, Cairo, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 10.1, 10.2, 12.1, 13.1, 15.1, 15.2
and Aaronsohn spy ring, 6.1, 6.2, 15.1
and Faroki revelations
and Sykes-Picot Agreement, 7.1, 11.1, 12.1
and Yale, 13.1, 15.1
British Museum, 2.1, 3.1
Brode, Heinrich, n
Buchanan, George
Bulgaria, 5.1, 5.2, 14.1
alliance with Central Powers of, 6.1, 18.1
fall of
neutrality of, 5.1, 5.2
Bulgars
Byzantine period,
Cairo, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.1, 12.2, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4, 14.5, 14.6, 15.1, 15.2, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, 17.4, 17.5, 18.1, epi.1, epi.2
Aaronsohn in, 10.1, 14.1, 14.2
Abdullah ibn Hussein in
British high command in, 6.1, 13.1, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1
British military intelligence office in, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 7.1, 7.2, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 12.1, 12.2, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3
British Residency in
French legation in
Lawrence in, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6.1, 7.1, 14.1, 15.1
Prüfer as embassy dragoman in
red light district of, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1
Socony office in
Syrian exiles in, 12.1, 12.2, 17.1, 17.2
unruly oilworkers in
Yale in, 4.1, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1, epi.1
Cairo Conference, epi.1, epi.2, epi.3
Cambridge University, 5.1, 7.1
camels, 5.1, 10.1, 11.1, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 14.1, 17.1
discomfort in riding of
Canberra, SS, 17.1
Cape Helles
Capitulations, 2.1, 4.1, 6.1
end to
Caporetto, battle of
Carchemish, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 6.1, 6.2, 8.1, 9.1, 15.1, 18.1
Caspian Sea, 1.1, 3.1, 17.1
Caucasus, 2.1, 16.1, 17.1, epi.1
Cecil, Robert
Central Powers, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10.1, 11.1, 12.1, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1, epi.1, epi.2
breaking point of
imperial wish list of
Ottoman Empire in, 4.1, 4.2
Chapman, Thomas Robert Tighe, see Lawrence, Thomas (father)
Chauvel, Henry
at Victoria Hotel meeting, 18.1, 18.2
Christians:
Arab, 2.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 9.1, 17.1
expulsion from Jaffa of
Holy Land and, 7.1, 16.1
in Jerusalem
jihad against
Lebanese, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2
in Ottoman Empire, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 9.1
in Palestine, 14.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2
in Syria, 17.1, 17.2
Christian Science Monitor, 498
Churchill, Winston, epi.1, epi.2, epi.3
Dardanelles strategy advocated by
Circassians, 7.1, 8.1, 13.1, 16.1
Citadel, Dujaila
Clayton, Gilbert, 9.1, 13.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, 17.4, 18.1, nts.1n
Aaronsohn and, 10.1, 11.1, 17.1
on Aqaba, 11.1, 12.1, 12.2, 14.1
Cairo intelligence unit led by, 6.1, 9.1
on Hejaz, 13.1, 14.1
on Lawrence, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 17.1, nts.1n
on Lawrence and Faisal, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 11.1, 12.1
Lawrence selected for propaganda department by
Lawrence’s Tafileh report to
on Medina, 11.1, 12.1, 14.1
Sykes and, 13.1, 13.2, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 16.1, 17.1, epi.1
on Weizmann and Faisal
Wingate and
Clemenceau, Georges, Lloyd George’s agreement with
Clouds Hill
Cohn, Isaac
Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), see Young Turks
communications, Lawrence’s use of
communism
Constantinople, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 9.1, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 17.1, epi.1
British Dardanelles strategy and
expatriates in
German ambassador in
German intelligence headquarters in
Germany military high command in
Haidar Pasha train station, 5.1, 7.1, 13.1
Prüfer in, 4.1, 4.2
Russia’s desire to annex
Sirkeci station in
Socony office in, 3.1, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 11.1
Continental Hotel, Cairo, 10.1, 12.1, 13.1
Copenhagen
Cornwallis, Kincaid
Cox, Sir Percy
Croix de Guerre avec palme
Crusaders, Near Eastern castles of, 2.1, 2.2, 18.1
Crusades, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, 7.1, 10.1
Turkish propaganda and
cryptography
Cuba
Curzon, George
Cyprus, 6.1, 15.1, epi.1
Dahoum (Salim Ali), 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 18.1
Daily Telegraph (India), epi.1
Damascus, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 12.2, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 18.1, 18.2, 18.3, epi.1, epi.2, nts.1n, 532n, 535n
Allenby’s proposed march on
Turkish hospital in
Damascus Protocol
Dana, A. G.
Dardanelles strait, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
Daud (Ali), 13.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2
Dawnay, Alan, 17.1, 18.1
Dead Sea, 1.1, 3.1, 5.1, 16.1, 16.2, 17.1, 17.2
de Bunsen Committee, 7.1, 7.2
Decree on Peace, Bolshevik
Deedes, Windham, 10.1, 17.1
Defense Ministry, French
Deir al-Zour
Denmark
neutrality of
Deraa, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1, 18.2, 18.3, 18.4
ambulance train sto
ry
Lawrence raped and tortured in, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1
de Sambouy, Major, 18.1, 18.2, 18.3, 18.4
Des Moines, USS, 6.1
Diplomatic Agency, U.S.
Djemal Pasha, Ahmed, 1.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 9.1, 10.1, 10.2, 12.1, 12.2, 14.1, 16.1, 17.1, 18.1, epi.1, nts.1n, 532n, 537n
Aaronsohn and, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, nts.1n
in Afghanistan
Americans and
Armenians aided by, 6.1, 6.2, 12.1, 16.1
Beirut speech of, 16.1, 16.2
death of
foreigners in Jerusalem and
on Gallipoli landing
German commanders and, 12.1, nts.1n
as governor of Syria
Hussein’s approach to, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 7.1
Jaffa evacuated by, 12.1, 12.2, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1, nts.1n
in Jerusalem, 5.1, 10.1
Jews and, 16.1, nts.1n
managerial style of
Morgenthau’s description of
narrowing options of
Ottoman decline denied by
Prüfer and, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2
and Suez invasion, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2
Yale’s meetings with, 4.1, 6.1, 7.1, 10.1
Djemal Pasha, Mehmet, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, 18.1, nts.1n
Djibouti
Dobell, Charles
Dolmabahçe Palace
Doris, HMS, 5.1, 5.2
Dort Yol
Doughty, Charles Montagu
Druze
Dufferin, HMS, 14.1
Dujaila, 7.1, 7.2
Eastern Mediterranean Special Intelligence Bureau (EMSIB), 10.1, 13.1, 14.1
Edelman, Samuel, 7.1, 10.1
Edmonds, William, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 13.1
Egypt, 2.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 10.1, 13.1, 14.1, 17.1
British rule over, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 7.1, 9.1, 9.2, 11.1, 12.1, 14.1, 17.1, epi.1, epi.2
British supply line to Arab rebels from, 8.1, 11.1, 11.2, 15.1, 15.2, 17.1
civic unrest in
French 1798 invasion of
Germany and
hope for anti-British uprising in, 3.1, 3.2, 5.1
Israelites’ biblical flight from
khedive of, 2.1, 3.1
Med-Ex soldiers in
mujahideen in
Muslim pilgrims from, 5.1, 8.1
Muslim recruits to Arab Revolution from
Nasser’s takeover of
nationalists in
NILI headquartered in
Ottoman rule over
power structure in
Prüfer in
rivalry between British India and, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
sabotage and subversion campaigns of Central Powers in
secret police of
Socony offices in, 3.1, 3.2
Egyptian Army, British
Egyptian Expeditionary Force, British (EEF), 4.1, 6.1, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1, 18.2
Allenby given command of, 14.1, 14.2
Desert Mounted Corps of
Lawrence under command of, 8.1, 14.1, 14.2
Murray removed from command of
Yale as U.S. military attaché to, 17.1, 18.1, 18.2, 18.3, 18.4, 18.5, 18.6, 18.7
El Arish, 11.1, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 15.5
El Houl, 13.1, 13.2
El Ula region, 13.1, 14.1
English Zionist Federation, 12.1, 12.2, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1, 15.2, 16.1, 16.2
Entente Cordiale
Enver Pasha, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 11.1, 16.1, 17.1, 18.1, epi.1, epi.2, nts.1n
Erlangen, University of
Erman, Adolf
Eskisehir
ethnic cleansing
Euphrates River, 2.1, 2.2
Europe:
Eastern Front in, 7.1, 10.1, 15.1, 17.1, 17.2
imperialist mind-set in, 11.1, 14.1, epi.1, epi.2
imperial powers in, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 4.2, 17.1
Jewish emigration from
lack of progress on battlefields of
no-man’s-land in, 7.1, 7.2
Southern Front in, 7.1, 15.1, 18.1
trench warfare in, 7.1, 9.1
war euphoria in
Western Front in, 2.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 10.1, 11.1, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1, 15.2, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, 17.4, 18.1, 18.2
Euryalus, HMS, 9.1
Exodus, book of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
Faisal I, king of Iraq (Faisal ibn Hussein), 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 11.1, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 13.4, 14.1, 17.1, epi.1
Allenby and
in approach to Wejh, 10.1, 11.1
Aqaba landing considered by, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3
Auda Abu Tayi’s alliance sought by
Brémond’s overtures to, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1
British liaison officer assigned to
caution toward British involvement by, 9.1, 9.2, 10.1, 13.1
character and personality of, 8.1, 12.1
as Commander of Arab Forces
Damascus provisional government of
as disheartened
Djemal’s correspondence with, 16.1, 16.2
French mistrusted by
on Iraqi throne, epi.1, epi.2
Lawrence and, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 11.1, 12.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, epi.1
and Lawrence’s Aqaba plan
leadership of
Medina rebel force led by, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 9.1
military setbacks of
mountain defenses of
Ottoman correspondence of, n, 539n–40n
Paris Peace Conference and, epi.1, epi.2
as peacekeeper and consensus builder, 10.1, 11.1
political gamesmanship by
as self-declared king of Syria
and September 1918 Syrian campaign, 18.1, 18.2, 18.3
Shalaan and
Sykes-Picot revealed by Lawrence to, 11.1, 12.1, 12.2, 13.1, 17.1, nts.1n, 531n–32n
Turkish secret dialogue of, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, 18.1
at Victoria Hotel meeting, 18.1, 18.2
war campaign of
wariness of, toward French, 11.1, 11.2
Weizmann as ally of
Yale and
Zionists and
Faisal-Weizmann Agreement
Fakhri Pasha
Falkenhayn, Erich von
Faraifra
Farasan Island
Faroki, Mohammed al-, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, nts.1n
Farraj (Othman), 13.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3
fascism
Fawzi Bey, Omar, 4.1, 4.2
Feinberg, Absalom, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2, 10.1, 12.1, nts.1n
death of, 10.1, 11.1, 12.1, 17.1
fellaheen, 4.1, 7.1, 14.1
Field Aviation Detachment 300, German
First Balkan War
FitzMaurice, Gerald, 9.1, 9.2
Flavius Josephus
Flecker, James Elroy
Fliegertruppen (German Flying Corps)
Florence, Ronald, 3.1, 4.1
Fontana, Winifred, 4.1, 4.2
Foreign Affairs Ministry, French, 8.1, 13.1
Foreign Office, British, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 10.1, 12.1, 12.2, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 16.1, 16.2, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, 17.4, 18.1, epi.1
Fourth Army, Ottoman, 4.1, 5.1
France, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 10.1, 12.1, 13.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2
Alexandretta plan blocked by, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 7.1, 9.1, 11.1
Allied Aqaba landing urged by, 11.1, 11.2
amity between Britain, Russia, and
Arab conspirators’ exclusion of
Arab Revolt and, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 16.1
Britain and, 11.1, 11.2, 15.1, 18.1
on capture of Medina
Cilicia region and
in Dardanelles invasion
draft in
Egypt invaded
by
Frank Lawrence on front in
German attacks on, 4.1, 17.1
Lawrence in, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 8.1
Lebanon and, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1, 13.1, 13.2
Middle Eastern territory claimed by, 7.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 12.1, 12.2, 13.1, 13.2, 14.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, nts.1n
military mission to the Hejaz of
North African possessions of
Palestine and
resistance to Alexandretta landing by, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 7.1, 9.1, 11.1
Syria claimed by, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 13.1, 13.2, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 15.1, 15.2, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1, epi.1, epi.2, epi.3, epi.4
technical advisors from, 9.1, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1
in Triple Entente, see Triple Entente
Tunisia conquered by, 2.1, 2.2
U.S. entry into war and, 11.1, 12.1
Western Front and, 5.1, 7.1, 9.1, 18.1
World War I’s impact on
Franco-Prussian War, 2.1, 4.1
Frankfurter, Felix, 3.1, 12.1
Franz Ferdinand, Austro-Hungarian archduke, assassination of
Free Officers Movement
free trade
Frey, Alexis
Friedman, Isaiah, 9.1, nts.1n
Fromkin, David, n, 520n, 521n
Fuweila
Turkish garrison at, 13.1, 13.2
Gallipoli
military debacle at, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 8.1, 11.1, 11.2, epi.1, nts.1n
Garland, Herbert, 10.1, 11.1
Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Gary, Hampson
Gasim, 13.1, 13.2
Gaster, Moses
Gaza, 3.1, 3.2, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.1, 14.1, 14.2, 17.1
Allenby’s attack on, 15.1, 16.1
British defeats at, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1, 16.1
First Battle of
Second Battle of, 14.1, 14.2
Turkish garrison at
Geneva conventions
Georges-Picot, Francois, 7.1, 9.1, 12.1, 12.2, 13.1, 13.2, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1
named liaison to Murray’s army
Seven Syrians and
Georgette (German offensive)
George V, itr.1, 7.1, 13.1, epi.1
Georgia, republic of
Germany, 7.1, 13.1, 17.1, 17.2, epi.1
on Abbas Hilmi
airplanes of, 10.1, 11.1
approaches toward Suez available to
buildup on Western Front by
in Central Powers, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3
class system in, 2.1, 3.1
counterintelligence agents from, 9.1, 9.2
diplomatic transgressions by
draft in
on Eastern Front, 7.1, 15.1
Enver Pasha’s treaty with
France attacked by, 4.1, 17.1
imperialism of, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3
Jewish homeland and
militarization of, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1
minelaying by
movements between the wars in
Lawrence in Arabia Page 80