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These Truths Page 118

by Jill Lepore


  expansionism of, 168

  farming promoted over manufacturing by, 168–70, 171–72

  on Haitian revolution, 143, 144

  Hemings children of, 173–76, 178, 186

  inaugural address of, 165

  inauguration of, 164–65

  Kentucky and Virginia Resolves written by, 217

  language of liberty used by, 235

  Louisiana Territory purchased by, 170–71

  on majority rule, 418–20

  majority rule advocated by, 155

  population theory of, 343

  on progress, 192, 216

  racial formula of, 175

  religious freedom and, 161

  slaves owned by, 104, 161, 186

  tariffs and, 140

  Turner influenced by, 354

  on worship of Founders, 201

  Jemmy (slave), 58, 63

  Jenner, William, 552

  Jersey, Battle of (1781), 72

  Jesus Christ, 568

  Jews, 12, 383, 399, 409, 410, 529

  in American colonies, 50, 51

  anti-Semitism vs., 448

  Lindberg’s criticism of, 482

  in Nazi Germany, 435, 466

  Jim Crow, 330, 370, 499, 501

  Douglass on, 353, 355–56, 358

  and European immigrants, 410

  and Plessy v. Ferguson, 359, 360

  Progressives’ lack of discussion of, 364, 371–72, 386–87

  and war in Philippines, 369

  Wells’s resistance to, 356

  in World War I, 496

  Jim Crow laws, 531, 542, 575–88

  Jobs, Steve, 695

  Jobson, Richard, 46

  John, king of England, 40–41

  John Birch Society, 614

  Johns Hopkins University, 348

  Johnson, Andrew:

  Douglass’s visit to, 320

  impeachment of, 324

  Radical Republicans vs., 320, 323

  South protected by, 318

  Stanton vs., 323–24

  Johnson, James Weldon, 389

  Johnson, Lady Bird, 660

  Johnson, Lyndon B., 546, 552–53, 567–68, 586, 618

  and civil rights movement, 611, 612–13, 614, 622

  and criminal justice policy, 622–23

  death of, 643

  Great Society, 611, 619, 623

  and immigration, 674

  liberalism of, 444, 611

  New Deal projects of, 442, 443

  political power of, 617–18

  and poverty, 611, 611, 618–19, 622–23, 657

  and presidential election (1960), 597, 599

  and presidential election (1964), 615–17

  and presidential election (1968), 629–30

  and race riots, 627–28

  recording system, 640

  and Vietnam War, 619, 629–30, 632

  Johnson, Reverdy, 322

  Johnson, Samuel, 92

  Johnston, Eric, 501–2

  Joint Chiefs of Staff, U.S., 538

  Joint Committee on Reconstruction, 321, 338–39

  Joint United States and Mexican Boundary Commission, 251

  Jones, Alex, 702–3, 723–25, 729, 762–63

  Jones, Mary, 301–2

  Jones, Paula, 709–10

  journalism, Taylorism in, 412–13

  Journalist, 349

  journalistic exposé, 363–64

  Journal of the American Medical Association, 379, 438

  Judge, Ona, 147

  judicial recall, 378

  judicial review, 239, 358–59

  judiciary:

  and conservatism, 677

  and Reagan administration, 684–90

  separation of powers and, 165–66

  Judiciary Act (1789), 134, 166

  Judiciary Act (1801), 167

  Judiciary Committee, 388

  July Fourth celebrations, 153

  of 1826, 185–86

  Jungle, The (Sinclair), 450

  Justice Department, U.S., 376, 395, 552, 576–77, 578, 581, 745

  Kansas, 331, 331

  creation of, 262

  farm cooperatives in, 336

  violence in, 266–67

  women’s voting rights in, 386

  Kansas City, Mo., 333

  Kansas-Nebraska Act, 262–64, 265, 267, 276

  Karski, Jan, 512

  Kefauver, Estes, 570–71

  Kelley, Florence, 377, 380, 381, 382

  Kemp, Jack, 670

  Kennan, George F., 535, 539, 557

  Kennedy, Edward, 638, 688

  Kennedy, John F., 535, 537, 552, 568

  assassination of, 610, 613, 672

  and civil rights movement, 600–601, 608–9

  and Cold War, 602

  and Commission on National Goals, 597

  and conservatism, 614, 615

  and Cuban Missile Crisis, 604

  inauguration of, 601–2

  and presidential election (1960), 597, 600–601, 601

  recording system, 640

  and Vietnam War, 602–4

  War on Poverty, 611–12

  and women’s rights, 647

  Kennedy, Patrick, 209

  Kennedy, Robert F., 568

  assassination of, 631, 672

  and civil rights movement, 600, 605, 625, 630–31

  and presidential election (1968), 629, 631

  and Vietnam War, 602, 619

  Kent, James, 183

  Kentucky, 579

  gun laws in, 445

  secret ballots in, 344

  Kentucky Resolves, 217

  Kerner Commission, 627–28, 633

  Kerry, John, 694

  Kesey, Ken, 694, 695

  Keynes, John Maynard, 400, 435, 466

  see also Keynesian economics Keynesian economics, 592, 619, 657, 670

  Keyworth, George, 732

  Khaldun, Ibn, xvi

  Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah, 680

  Khrushchev, Nikita, 604

  Nixon meeting (1959), 589–91, 589

  Kiernan, W. C., 476

  Kilgore, Harley M., 526

  King, Billie Jean, 660

  King, Boston, 105, 107

  King, Coretta Scott, 661

  King, Martin Luther, Jr., 441, 583–84, 750

  arrest of (1960), 600–601

  assassination of, 610, 630, 631, 672

  and Civil Rights Act, 613

  FBI surveillance, 626

  “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” 607–8

  March on Washington, 609–10

  and Nation of Islam, 606, 607

  and peace movement, 629

  and presidential election (1964), 615

  and Selma march, 621–22, 625

  and SNCC, 597

  and Watts riots, 623

  King, Rufus, 125

  King George’s War (1744–48), 66

  King Philip’s War (1675), 55–56

  King William’s War (1689–97), 66

  Kirk, Russell, 555, 556, 682

  Kissinger, Henry, 640, 642

  Kitchen Debate (1959), 589–91, 589

  “Kitchen Kabinets,” 557

  Klan Act, 327

  Knights of Labor, 336, 340

  knowledge workers, 693–94

  Know-Nothing Party, 263

  Knox, Henry, 134

  Knoxville Chancellor, 349

  Koreans, 399

  Korean War, 560, 565, 747

  Korematsu, Fred Toyosaburo, 496

  Korematsu v. United States, 496

  Koresh, David, 702

  Krauthammer, Charles, 722

  Krimmel, John Lewis, 153

  Kristallnacht, 471

  Kristol, Bill, 698–99, 707

  Kristol, Irving, 691, 734

  KTSA, 442

  Ku Klux Klan (KKK), 318–19, 319, 323, 324, 327, 330, 410, 440, 579, 605, 608, 701, 770

  Kurds, 399

  Kursk, Battle of, 502

  Kuwait, 739

  Kw
angtung Province, China, 324

  Kyoto Protocol, 743

  Labash, Matt, 743

  labor force, 529

  labor laws, 380–82

  labor unions, 537, 541, 556

  and Clinton administration, 699

  and Democratic Party, 693, 696

  and immigration, 675

  Ladies’ Department, 190

  Lafayette, Marquis de, 103, 105, 128

  La Follette, Robert, 386, 447

  La Follette, Robert, Jr., 549

  La Follette Committee, 447

  laissez-faire, 378, 427, 446

  La Malinche, 23

  Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, 686

  Landon, Alf M., 447

  land tax, 301

  Lane, Isaac, 297

  Lane, Ralph, 29

  Lane, T. J., 763

  Lange, Dorothea, 425, 441, 494–95, 495

  Lansing, Robert, 395

  Las Casas, Bartolomé de, 3, 4, 5, 13, 23–25, 28, 47, 337

  Laski, Harold, 426

  Last of the Mohicans, The (Cooper), 212

  Latin America, 456

  Law Enforcement Assistance Act (1965), 622–23

  Lawrence v. Texas, 768

  Law to Remedy the Distress of People and Reich, 434–35

  Lay, Benjamin, 73, 92

  background of, 72–73

  as bookseller, 73

  slavery denounced by, 73–74, 75–76

  on women’s equality, 86–87

  League of Gileadites, 279

  League of Nations, 397, 400, 427, 435, 474, 515

  League of Women Voters, 431, 571, 705, 706

  Lease, Charles, 334–35

  Lease, Evelyn Louise, 346

  Lease, Mary E., 330–32, 334–35, 336, 339, 340, 341, 342, 388

  Bryan mistrusted by, 346

  Bryan supported by, 352

  in campaign for George, 350

  Democratic Party hated by, 331, 346

  McKinley criticized by, 352–53

  monopolism opposed by, 343

  People’s Party formed by, 343

  socialist views of, 347

  Union Labor Party joined by, 342

  Lederer, William, 598, 603

  Lee, Ivy, 412

  Lee, Richard Henry, 98

  Lee, Robert E.:

  Gettysburg defeat of, 294–95

  Harpers Ferry retaken by, 283

  surrender of, 305

  Legal Defense Fund, 577, 579

  legal precedents, 479

  Leibovich, Mark, 708, 749, 759

  Lemus, Rienzi B., 369

  Lend-Lease Act, 480, 481

  L’Enfant, Pierre Charles, 132

  “Letter from Birmingham Jail” (King), 607–8

  Letters concerning Toleration (Locke), 52

  Levellers, 49, 50

  Leviathan, The (Hobbes), 37, 61, 106

  Lewandowski, Corey, 774

  Lewinsky, Monica, 709, 710, 712, 714

  Lewis, Anthony, 712–13

  Lewis, John, 605–6, 609, 628, 726

  Lewis, William, 490–91

  Lexington and Concord, Battles of, 92

  Leyte, 493

  liberal arts, 275

  liberal feminism, 652, 659

  and abortion, 662

  and gay rights, 661, 662

  National Women’s Conference (1977), 659–62

  liberalism, 427, 429, 554–55, 561, 565, 568–69, 580, 584

  and Clinton ethics investigations, 712

  and judiciary, 677, 685–86

  Nazism vs., 434

  in New Deal, 444

  and New Democrats, 696

  1960s decline of, 591, 592, 594, 610, 619–20

  and 1970s economic malaise, 657

  and originalism, 678–79

  and presidential election (1968), 631

  and race riots, 623, 625

  and tax policy, 669

  and technology, 694

  and Vietnam War, 610

  and War on Poverty, 619

  after World War II, 504–5, 507–8

  see also political polarization

  liberal world order, xviii

  Liberator, 189–90, 200, 206, 247, 269

  Liberia, 179

  liberty:

  idea of, slavery and, 10, 64, 86, 88, 92, 96, 105–6

  language of, 235

  Liberty and Victory Bonds, 397

  Library Company of Philadelphia, 66, 90

  Liberty Party, 228, 238, 259

  Libya, 765

  Liddy, G. Gordon, 641, 644

  Lie Factory, 448, 450–51, 456

  Life, 481, 587

  Lifeboat (film), 502

  Life of Abraham Lincoln (Howells), 287–88

  Life of Andrew Jackson (Eaton), 182

  lightbulb, 424

  Light’s Golden Jubilee, 424

  Like Factor, 705

  Limbaugh, Rush, 704, 742, 743, 762

  Lincoln, Abraham, xix, 151, 311

  assassination and funeral of, 305–7, 306

  Cooper Union speech of, 285

  Douglas’s debates with, 275, 276–79, 286

  Douglass studied by, 264–65

  Dred Scott decision denounced by, 270

  in election of 1858, 265, 275, 276–79

  in election of 1860, 285, 286, 287–88

  in election of 1864, 303–4

  Emancipation Proclamation supported by, 297–300, 303, 329

  Gettysburg Address of, 295–96, 307

  inaugurations of, 290, 304–5

  Internal Revenue Bureau created by, 302

  John Quincy Adams’s funeral organized by, 251

  on labor, 255

  Longfellow praised by, 260

  Mexican War opposed by, 243, 263

  photographs of, 273

  slavery criticized by, 255, 263–66

  Tarbell’s biography of, 371

  Thirteenth Amendment pushed by, 304

  vindictive peace disdained by, 317–18

  war powers claimed by, 487

  Lindbergh, Charles, 477, 479, 481, 482

  Lippmann, Walter, 361–63, 371, 427, 457, 562, 682

  Bernays influenced by, 414

  Hoover praised by, 405

  on majority rule, 309, 362–63, 364, 418–20, 423

  on need for dictatorial powers, 434

  peace proposal drawn up by, 396–97, 398, 400

  on tariffs, 407

  Lipset, Seymour Martin, 591

  literacy, 210–11

  Literary Digest, 453, 454, 458

  Lithuania, 426

  Little, Earl, 440

  Little Rock Central High School desegregation (1957), 584–87, 585

  Liverpool, U.K., 202

  living standards, 527–28

  Livingston, Robert R., 98

  Lochner v. New York, 378, 380

  Locke, Alain, 411

  Locke, John, 1, 30–31, 34, 95

  as Carolina colony secretary, 52

  egalitarianism of, 53, 54

  on human (natural) rights, 53–55

  political philosophy of, 52–53

  on slavery, 54–55

  Lockheed Corp., 538

  Lockwood, Belva, 340

  Lodge, Henry Cabot, 401

  Lomax, Louis, 606

  London, German bombing of, 479, 512

  Long, Huey, 461–62

  Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, 259–60, 261, 267, 270, 271, 480

  on Brown’s death, 284–85

  on dissolution of Union, 290

  on Lincoln’s election, 288

  Los Alamos National Laboratory, 524–25

  Los Angeles, Calif., 371, 568, 573

  Los Angeles Times, 450

  Louisiana, 281, 531

  black governor of, 323

  black voter registration in, 344

  Indians in, 213

  movement to, 221

  secession of, 289

  slaves sold to, 202

  as slave state, 176
r />   Louisiana Purchase, 251

  Louisiana Territory, 69, 80, 170, 173

  Jefferson’s purchase of, 170–71

  see also New France

  Louisville Courier-Journal, 541

  Louis XVI, king of France, beheading of, 142

  Louverture, Toussaint, 143, 170

  Lovejoy, Elijah, 221

  Lovelace, Ada, 194

  Love’s Pilgrimage (Sinclair), 450

  Loving v. Virginia, 751

  Lowell, Francis Cabot, 194, 195

  Lowell, Mass., 194–95, 194

  Loyalists, 92, 94, 102, 103–4

  in flight to Canada and Britain, 104, 107

  loyalty tests, 545

  Luce, Henry, 412, 413, 481, 540, 574

  Luxembourg, 473

  Lyles, CeeCee, 720–21

  Lynch, Thomas, 115

  lynching, 356, 368, 370, 396, 399

  FDR’s failure on, 458

  Twain’s denunciation of, 369

  lynchings, 531

  MacArthur, Douglas, 560

  Macdonald, Dwight, 592, 594, 611–12

  Machine Age, 444

  machine guns, 445

  MacKinnon, Catharine, 686

  MacLeish, Archibald, 488–91, 504, 511, 512, 516

  Madison, Ambrose, 94

  Madison, Dolley, 233, 240

  Madison, James, xii, xvii, 93, 116, 130, 156, 177, 363

  Alien and Sedition Acts and, 158–59

  antislavery petitions and, 135, 136–37

  Bill of Rights authored by, 134, 137

  on citizenship, 322

  on citizenship requirements for Congress, 312

  on colonization, 343

  at constitutional convention, 109, 111, 118, 119–23, 125–26, 128, 149

  on dangers of majority rule, 118–19, 123–24

  on established religion, 200

  on factions, 144

  as Federalist Papers coauthor, 129

  on importance of newspapers, 144–45

  Kentucky and Virginia Resolves written by, 217

  notes on constitutional convention kept by, 118, 240–41, 256–57

  political history studied by, 117, 118

  in proposal to count slaves as three-fifths of a person, 116

  on religious freedom, 96

  on religious liberty, 89–90

  on republicanism, 144–45

  slaves owned by, 105–6

  Virginia Plan drafted by, 120

  and War of 1812, 172

  Madsen, Dennis, 750

  Magby, Willis, 439–40

  Magna Carta, 83–84, 95

  Coke’s resurrection of, 40, 41, 43

  and right to trial by jury, 41–42

  Maine, 366

  Maine, as free state, 179

  majority rule, 155, 187

  Madison on dangers of, 118–19, 123–24

  Malcolm X, 440, 613, 621–22

  assassination of, 622

  background of, 606–7

  and gun control debate, 673

  Malthus, Thomas, 157, 168, 171, 343

  Managerial Revolution, The (Burnham), 504

  Manchuria, 427, 481–82

  Mandeville, John, 13

  Manhattan Project, 516, 523

  manifest destiny, 10, 199

  “Manifesto of Fascist Intellectuals,” 443

 

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