Young Eliot
Page 61
6. L1, 316.
7. HWE, telegram, to Thomas Lamb Eliot, 26 September 1888 (Houghton bMS Am 2560 (24)).
8. Walter Graeme Eliot, A Sketch of the Eliot Family (New York: Press of Livingston Middleditch, 1887), 112.
9. L4, 114.
10. Eric Sigg, ‘Eliot as a Product of America’, in A. David Moody, ed., The Cambridge Companion to T. S. Eliot (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), 16–17.
11. Walter G. Eliot, A Sketch, 109, 110.
12. HWE, ‘Reminiscences’, quoted in Tucker, No Silent Witness, 40.
13. ‘In Memoriam Henry Ware Eliot’, Washington University Record, Series I, Vol. XIV, No. 5 (February 1919), 4–5.
14. HWE, Diary (Houghton bMS Am 1691.15(1)).
15. EP to TSE, 24 October 1939 (Beinecke).
16. Walter G. Eliot, A Sketch, 110–11.
17. L1, 317.
18. L4, 640.
19. CCE, Easter Songs (Boston: James H. West, [1899]), 6.
20. CCE, Poems scrapbook (Houghton bMS Am2560 (68)), 20 and 23.
21. Ibid., typed loose sheets, ‘The Wednesday Club’.
22. L1, 143.
23. CCE, Poems scrapbook (Houghton bMS Am2560 (68)), 11.
24. CCE, copyist, Fortunatus’ hymn (Houghton bMS Am2560 (67)); CCE, Poems scrapbook, 3.
25. Ibid., 18.
26. Abigail Eliot (TSE’s cousin), interviewed for the 1971 BBC film, The Mysterious Mr Eliot.
27. HWE, Diary (Houghton bMS Am 1691.15(1)).
28. TSE, ‘[The poetry of Walt Whitman]’ (Houghton bMS Am1691 (34)), 1.
29. TSE, ‘Introduction’ to Edgar Ansel Mowrer, This American World (London: Faber and Gwyer, 1928), xiii.
30. HWE, Jr, account of clock (Hayward Bequest, HB/PH/169).
31. L4, 138.
32. The Letters of Ralph Waldo Emerson, Vol. IV, ed. R. L. Rusk, (New York: Columbia University Press, 1939), 338–9.
33. TSE, ‘American Literature and the American Language’, CC, 44.
34. Ibid., 48.
35. TSE, quoted in William Turner Levy and Victor Scherle, Affectionately, T. S. Eliot (New York: Lippincott, 1968), 135.
36. L3, 712.
37. This phrase about CCE’s exasperation comes from an 1889 letter from Abigail Cranch Eliot to Etta Eliot, quoted in Tucker, No Silent Witness, 45.
38. TSE, ‘Address’, From Mary to You, December 1959, 134.
39. Bertha R. Skinker, ‘To Mr T. S. Eliot, on reading “Old Possum’s Book of Practical Cats”’, 17 March 1940 (Hayward Bequest HB/L 248).
40. L3, 649.
41. L1, 223, n. 3.
42. TSE, ‘Address’, 134.
43. Ibid., 134–5.
44. ‘Uhrig’s Cave’ (advertisement) at the back of Harry Brazee Wandell, The Story of a Great City in a Nutshell: 500 Facts about St Louis (St Louis, n.p., [1903]).
45. TSE, Fireside, issue 1, Houghton (MS Am 1635.5(1)); Joe Hayden, ‘There’ll Be a Hot Time in the Old Town Tonight’, music by Theo A. Metz (New York: Willis Woodward and Company, 1896), n.p.
46. William Howland Kenney, Jazz on the River (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005), 97; see also David E. Chinitz, T. S. Eliot and the Cultural Divide (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003), 39–40.
47. On Eliot singing this song, see Chinitz, T. S. Eliot and the Cultural Divide, 39.
48. ‘Young Men in Society Go in for Minstrelsy’, St Louis Republic, 25 November 1900, 43; ‘Members of Company C, N. G. M., in Black Face’, St Louis Republic, 27 April 1901, 2.
49. L1, 239.
50. TSE to EP, 11 November 1964 (Beinecke).
51. TSE to Mary Trevelyan, 19 December 1944 (Houghton).
52. TSE to Mary Trevelyan, 2 January 1945 (Houghton).
53. TSE, quoted in Janet Adam Smith, ‘Tom Possum and the Roberts Family’, in James Olney, ed., T. S. Eliot: Essays from the ‘Southern Review’ (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988), 216.
54. TSE, ‘Why Mr Russell is a Christian’, Criterion, 6.2 (August 1927), 179.
55. See, e.g., advertisements for ‘Hotels and Summer Resorts’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 16 May 1896, 7.
56. TSE, ‘Introduction’ to Mowrer, This American World, xiv.
57. ‘Rain’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 16 May 1896, 13.
58. Advertisement, ‘Buffalo Bill’s Wild West’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 10 May 1896, 7.
59. TSE, ‘American Literature and the American Language’, CC, 44. (The Chief Joseph photograph is now in the Missouri History Museum.)
60. TSE, quoted in John G. Neihardt, ‘Of Making Many Books’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 5 October 1930 (Houghton bMS Am 2560 (161)).
61. ‘Wind’s Deadly Work’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 28 May 1896, 1.
62. On the Church of the Unity, see John Snyder, ‘Unitarianism in St Louis’, in William Hyde and Howard L. Conard, eds, Encyclopedia of the History of St Louis, 4 vols (New York, Louisville and St Louis: Southern History Company, 1899), IV, 2344.
63. This photograph (Houghton bMS Am 2560 (245)), is reproduced as plate 10c in L1,
64. ‘Death and Destruction Everywhere’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 29 May 1896, 1.
65. TSE, quoted in Neihardt, ‘Of Making Many Books’.
66. Information on Mrs Lockwood comes from online Missouri historical records; from the Dean Putnam Lockwood Papers, Haverford College Library; and from Jayme Stayer’s ‘T. S. Eliot as a Schoolboy: The Lockwood School, Smith Academy, and Milton Academy’, Twentieth-Century Literature, 59.4 (Winter 2013), 619–55. I am very grateful to Jayme Stayer (John Carroll University) and Diana Franzusoff Peterson (Haverford College) for their help.
67. Theresa Garrett Eliot (TSE’s sister-in-law)’s annotation on ms of HWE, Jr, to HWE, ‘Saturday June 1st, [1901] (Houghton bMS Am1691(60)).
68. [TSE], ‘Publishers’ Preface’ to James B. Connolly, Fishermen of the Banks (London: Faber and Gwyer, 1928), vii.
69. Bryant F. Tolles, Jr, Summer by the Seaside: The Architecture of New England Coastal Resort Hotels, 1820–1950 (Lebanon, N.H.: University of New England Press, 2008), 103.
70. L3, 642.
71. TSE to John Hayward, 27 December 1939 (Hayward Bequest).
72. Ibid.
73. ‘School Notes’, Smith Academy Record, January 1903, 9.
74. ‘An American Fishing Port’, Lippincott’s Magazine, May 1868, 497.
75. [TSE], ‘Publishers’ Preface’, vii.
76. Ibid.
77. Joseph E. Garland, The Gloucester Guide (Gloucester, Mass: Gloucester 350th Anniversary Celebration, Inc., 1973), 130.
78. John Greenleaf Whittier, Poetical Works (London: Henry Frowde, 1904), 18 (‘The Exiles’).
79. Rudyard Kipling, Captains Courageous: A Story of the Grand Banks (London: Macmillan, 1897), 213, 119, 120, 121, 122, Gordon W. Thomas, Life Stories of Great Gloucester Fishing Vessels (Glou
cester, Mass: Gloucester 350th Anniversary Celebration, Inc., 1973), 26–7.
80. On Blackburn, see Mark Kurlansky, The Last Fish Tale (London: Jonathan Cape, 2008), 53–6.
81. Thomas, Fast and Able, 2.
82. L1, 217.
83. [TSE], ‘Publishers’ Preface’, viii, vii.
84. Facsimile, 63–9.
85. Whittier, Poetical Works, 57 (‘The Garrison of Cape Ann’).
86. TSE, ‘Introduction’ to Mowrer, This American World, xiv.
87. [TSE], ‘Publishers’ Preface’, vii.
88. These photographs too are in the Hayward Bequest.
89. L1, 271.
90. UPUC, 78–9.
91. TSE, ‘Introduction’ to Mowrer, This American World, xiv.
92. TSE to EP, ‘22 October Jahr IV’ (Beinecke).
93. L1, 1.
94. TSE, ‘Introduction’ to Mowrer, This American World, xiv.
95. CCE and TSE, inscriptions in Frank M. Chapman, Handbook of Birds of Eastern North America, sixth edn (New York: D. Appleton, 1902) (Hayward Bequest PP/HB/B, 8).
96. Ibid., 400.
97. CPP, 73.
Chapter 2 – Hi, Kid, Let’s Dance
1. CCE, Poems scrapbook (Houghton bMS Am2560 (68)), 22.
2. Harry Brazee Wandell, The Story of a Great City (St Louis: n.p., [1903]), 26.
3. TSE, ‘Sherlock Holmes and his Times’, Criterion, 8.32 (April 1929), 553.
4. Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes (London: George Newnes, 1892), 290.
5. CPP, 13; see Robert Crawford, The Savage and the City in the Work of T. S. Eliot (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987), 11.
6. This quotation comes from James Neal Primm, Lion of the Valley: St Louis, Missouri, 1764–1980, third edn (St Louis: Missouri Historical Society, 1998), 340; statistics and other information about nineteenth-century St Louis are also taken from this volume.
7. CPP, 13, 27 (‘Morning at the Window’).
8. L1, 202.
9. For more on Etta Eliot and her links to Susan E. Blow, see Cynthia Grant Tucker, No Silent Witness: The Eliot Parsonage Women and their Unitarian World (New York: Oxford University Press, 2010).
10. Denton J. Snider, The St Louis Movement in Philosophy, Literature, Education, Psychology, with Chapters of Autobiography (St Louis: Sigma Publishing, 1920), 468; ‘An Evening with Dante’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 18 December 1897, 11.
11. Susan E. Blow, A Study of Dante (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1886), 1.
12. Tucker, No Silent Witness, 40; L1, 376.
13. This and other quotations from Snyder here are from his article, ‘Unitarianism in St Louis’, in William Hyde and Howard L. Conard, eds, Encyclopedia of the History of St Louis, 4 vols (New York, Louisville and St Louis: Southern History Company, 1899), IV, 2337–42.
14. John Snyder, ‘Unitarianism in St Louis’, 2337–42.
15. L3, 428.
16. Details of the church building (now destroyed) and its windows are taken from US Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Forms accessed on 15 November 2012 at www.dnr.mo.gov/shpo/docs/moachp/11/ChurchMessiah.pdf and at www.dnr.mo.gov/shpo/nps-nr/80004513.pdf. Phrases from William Greenleaf Eliot’s writings are quoted, with Washington University Archives sources, in these documents. (All quotations from the Bible are from King James version.)
17. TSE, ‘What is Minor Poetry?’, OPP, 42.
18. Sir Edwin Arnold, The Light of Asia or The Great Renunciation (Chicago: W. B. Conkey Co., 1900), 4, 9, 67, 33, 67.
19. L2, 302; L3, 228.
20. [TSE], Fireside, numbers 11 and 1 (see note 22); on the unusualness of Eliot’s early study of French at Smith Academy see John J. Soldo, The Tempering of T. S. Eliot (Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press, 1983), 25.
21. Details of Eliot’s curriculum in his first year at Smith Academy are given in Soldo, The Tempering of T. S. Eliot, 171.
22. All quotations in this chapter come from the collection of Firesides and associated material in the Houghton Library (MS Am 1635.5 (1–13)).
23. CPP 177 (‘East Coker’), 171.
24. L3, 597.
25. Lewis Carroll, Sylvie and Bruno (New York: Macmillan, 1889), 65.
26. [TSE], ‘Poet’s Corner’, Fireside, number 1 (Houghton MS Am 1635.5 (1)).
27. [TSE], ‘Poet’s Corner’, Fireside, number 6 (Houghton MS Am 1635.5 (6)).
28. [TSE], ‘Cook’s Corner’, Fireside, numbers 2 and 3 (Houghton MS Am 1635.5 (2 and 3)).
29. Edward Lear, The Complete Nonsense and Other Verse (London: Penguin Books, 2001), 250.
30. Ibid., 428, 392, 250; TSE, CPP, 29, 136–7.
31. [TSE], Fireside, number 11.
32. ‘The Only Navigator of the Air’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 8 January 1899.
33. See, e.g., the cartoon featuring ‘Mrs Stockson Bond’ and her husband in St Louis Globe-Democrat, 12 February 1899, 13.
34. See entry for ‘Prufrock, William’, in John W. Leonard, ed., The Book of St Louisans (St Louis: St Louis Republic, 1906), 472; Prufrock company notepaper, held in the collection of Missouri History Museum, Library and Research Center, Business Letterhead Collection (collection A1430, Box 36, folder 1); on Mrs Stetson, see ‘Women’s Clubs’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 15 January 1899, n.p.
35. George M. Beard, American Nervousness (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1881), 13.
36. [TSE], Fireside, number 4; see also Crawford, The Savage and the City, 28–9, and, e.g., St Louis Globe-Democrat, 27 January 1899, 10.
37. [TSE], Fireside, numbers 4 and 5; for Woodbury’s printed advertisement see, e.g., St Louis Globe-Democrat, 5 January 1899, 12.
38. This anecdote comes from Mary Trevelyan’s unpublished memoir, ‘The Pope of Russell Square’; see Lyndall Gordon, The Imperfect Life of T. S. Eliot, rev. edn (London: Virago, 2012), 7.
39. TSE photograph, c. 1895? (Houghton bMS Am 2560 (161a)).
40. [TSE], Fireside, number 5; for Dr Chase’s advertisement see, e.g., St Louis Globe-Democrat, 7 January 1899, 10.
41. Steven Matthews, T. S. Eliot and Early Modern Literature (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013), 1–2; CCP, 62.
42. ‘Theatrical News and Gossip’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 1 January 1899, n.p.
43. ‘A Big Show Week’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 9 January 1899, 3.
44. ‘Worthy to Be Printed in Letters of Gold’ (advertisement), St Louis Globe-Democrat, 8 January 1899, 26; ‘Cyrano de Bergerac’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 10 January 1899, 5.
45. You Told Me You Had Money in the Bank, Coon Song & Chorus … written and Composed by Matthews and Bulger (New York: Rogers Bros. Music Publishing Co., 1899), 1.
46. [TSE], Fireside, numbers 1, 11 and 2.
47. ‘Dramatic News and Gossip’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 22 January 1899, n.p.
48. ‘Exodus of St. Louis Hoboes’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 7 January 1898, 9.
49. [TSE], Fireside, number 7.
50. TSE, ‘The Influence of Landscape upon the Poet’, Daedalus, Spring 1960, 422.
51. ‘Hoosiers to the Front’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 6 February 1898, 11.
52. ‘James Whitcomb Riley’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 11 February 1898, 9; J. W. Riley, The Best Loved Poems and Ballads (New York: Blue Ribbon Books, 1934), 127.
53. George V. Hobart, ‘Hiawatha up to Date’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 3 May 1896, 41.
54. ‘The Women’s Clubs of St. Louis’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 9 January 1898, 42.
55. ‘At the Theaters’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 3 February 1898, 4.
56. ‘Edna May’s Salvation Army Song’, St Louis Republic, 18 November 1900.
57. Eve Golden, Anna Held & the Birth of Ziegfeld’s Broadway (Louisville: University Press of Kentucky, 2000), 30, 3.
58. ‘Theatrical News and Gossip’, St Louis Globe-Democrat, 26 February 1899, 14.
59. [TSE], Fireside, numbers 7, 3 and 6.
60. TSE to John Hayward, 27 December 1939 (Hayward Bequest); the Lionberger House still stands in St Louis; on Isaac Lionberger’s moves, see Eric Sandweiss, St Louis: The Evolution of an Urban Landscape (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2001), 216; on Margaret Lionberger, see ‘Personal’, Boston Evening Transcript, 14 November 1912, 5; also Harvard College Class of 1911 Second Report (Cambridge Mass:, Crimson Printing Co., 1915), 16, 68.
61. TSE to John Hayward, 27 December 1939 (Hayward Bequest); the St Louis Bagnalls’ money probably came from the Adams-Bagnall Electric Company of Cleveland: see ‘Woman Sells Large Estate’, St Louis Republic, 17 July 1904, n.p.; also ‘Alton’, St Louis Republic, 15 November 1903, 4.
62. ‘Funeral of W. H. Thornburgh’, St Louis Republic, 27 August 1900, 10; ‘Mrs Florence Thornburgh to Marry W. C. Stribling’, St Louis Republic, 17 June 1903, 6.
63. TSE to John Hayward, 27 December 1939 (Hayward Bequest).
64. Margaret Shapleigh to John J. Soldo, 31 December 1969, quoted in Soldo, The Tempering of T. S. Eliot, 27; see also ‘Shapleigh, John Blasdel’, in Leonard, The Book of St. Louisans, 526.