Framley Parsonage
Page 65
2 (p. 250). Renovated in a Medea’s cauldron: The sorceress Medea could rejuvenate the old by boiling them in her cauldron.
3 (p. 253). Sir Cresswell Cresswell: First judge in ordinary at the Divorce Court, which was created in 1858.
CHAPTER 21
1 (p. 262). She never told her love… damask cheek: Twelfth Night, II, iv, 109–11.
2 (p. 265). I also know a hawk from a heron: Hamlet, II, ii, 373–5: ‘I know a hawk from a handsaw’.
CHAPTER 22
1 (p. 268). Greek Delectus: A selection of passages from various Greek authors for translation, e.g. F. E. J. Valpy, Second Greek Delectus, or New Analecta Minora (1828).
CHAPTER 23
1 (p. 275). The Triumph of the Giants: There are no particularly close parallels between Greek mythology and Trollope’s mock-heroic treatment of party politics in this chapter, nor does he distinguish between the Giants and the Titans.
2 (p. 275). a certain great man first introduced the idea: The ‘great man’ is usually identified as the Duke of Wellington, who expressed such sentiments when opposing Parliamentary reform in 1831–2, and the mention of ‘late years’ refers to the chronic difficulties experienced in forming a stable ministry during the 1850s.
3 (p. 277). Sidonia and Lord De Terrier. Sidonia is a character in Disraeli’s Conings by (1844), and hence Disraeli himself, while Lord De Terrier, who stands for Derby, derives, like Lord Brock, from the image of parliamentary politics as badger-baiting in Trollope’s The Three Clerks (1857).
4 (p. 279). like bees round a sounding cymbal: See Virgil, Georgics, IV, 64.
5 (p. 279). envy, malice, and all uncharitableness… picking and stealing, evil speaking, lying, and slandering: Echoes of the Litany and the Catechism respectively.
6 (p. 281). Bishop of Beverley he should be called: A measure to create a new diocese was before Parliament on 16 March 1860. The ‘Bishop of Beverley’ was an earlier Trollopian invention in The Warden, where the name may be an ironic glance at R. M. Beverley, a dissenting pamphleteer, who took up the subject of high dignitaries’ incomes in the 1830s.
7 (p. 282). before the grouse should begin to crow: Parliament rises before the grouse-shooting starts on 12 August.
8 (p. 282). objection to a bishopric: See Chapter 4, note 2.
CHAPTER 24
1 (p. 287). Magna est Veritas: Apocrypha, 3 Esdras iv, 41, ‘Great is truth’.
2 (p. 294). Harold: MS and Cornhill read ‘Horace’.
3 (p. 295)’ Like the eels: ‘Used to it, no doubt, as eels are to be flayed’, Byron, Don Juan, V, vii.
CHAPTER 25
1 (p. 303) army of martyrs: Te Deum, Book of Common Prayer.
2 (p. 303). shaking some dust from his shoes: Matthew x, 14: ‘And whosoever shall not receive you, nor hear your words, when you depart out of that house or city, shake off the dust of your feet’.
3 (p. 304). Revalenta Arabica: An invalid’s food prepared from lentil and barley flour.
CHAPTER 26
1 (p. 313). Dr Stanhope, the late prebendary: At the opening of Chapter 18 the prebendary is named as ‘Burslem’. Trollope has either forgotten, or seen the advantage of referring to Dr Vesey Stanhope, the late incumbent of Eiderdown, who in the first three of the Chronicles of Barset-shire has been a scandalous example of absenteeism and neglect of clerical duties, and who in Chapter 19 of Doctor Thorne is reported to have ‘died of apoplexy at his villa in Italy’. With Pramley Parsonage Trollope has for once in his career begun publication before finishing a novel, and so cannot return to clear up inconsistencies.
2 (p. 313). out of the full head the mouth speaks: ‘Out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh’ – Matthew xii, 34.
3 (p. 313). tike Patience on a monument: Twelfth Night, II, iv, 113.
4 (p. 318). You know what these homes are?: There were current public fears of Roman Catholic tendencies in Anglican sisterhoods.
CHAPTER 27
1 (p. 328). the castle of Udolpho: In Ann Radcliffe’s ‘gothic’ novel, The Mysteries of Udolpho (1794).
2 (p. 330). either money or marbles: Money or personal effects (from the French ‘meubles’).
CHAPTER 28
1 (p. 337). An orthodox martyr… from the East: Probably Bryan King from the London church of St-George’s-in-the-East where police had regularly to be stationed on Sunday in 1859–60 because of riots caused by King’s insistence on vestments and ritual.
2 (p. 337). an oily latter-day St Paul from the other side of the water. Possibly Cardinal Wiseman, a persuasive speaker and an accomplished member of London society, who as Catholic Archbishop of Westminster had been sent ‘from the other side of the water’ during the ‘Papal Aggression’ of 1850, and who, like St Paul, was proud to be a ‘Roman’. He may be the same as the ‘Spermoil’ mentioned later, whose name is suggestive of lamps and candles.
3 (p. 337). surpassing that of women: Cf. 2 Samuel i, 26.
4 (p. 338). sinful lusts of the flesh: The Catechism: ‘the vain pomp and glory of the world… and the carnal desires of the flesh’.
CHAPTER 29
1 (p3 60). . 3 60). sans reproche… sans peur: ‘sans peur et sans reproche’ (’without fear and without reproach’), said of the Chevalier Bayard (d. 1524).
2 (p. 360). Angels and ministers of grace assist me!: Misquotation of Hamlet, IV, ill, 39.
3 (p. 362). vanity and vexation of spirit: Ecclesiastes i, 14.
CHAPTER 31
1 (p. 382). goat’s milk: In Chapter 21 Lucy has in fact said she would need ass’s milk.
CHAPTER 32
1 (p. 386). West Barset: MS and Comhill read ‘East Barset’ here and a few lines later.
CHAPTER 33
1 (p. 395). one hundred and thirty pounds: Throughout the manuscript Trollope priced the horse at £150. The Cornhill consistently records the price as £130 (cf. Chapters 14, 19 and 21) – with the exception of two mentions in the present chapter where £150 is given as the sum. Clearly Trollope had been engaged in altering the price of the horse in the proofs (perhaps to echo Crawley’s annual income), but failed to achieve consistency in this chapter. 2397). (p. 397). filed his mind: From Macbeth, III, i, 64.
2 (p.397).filed his mind: From macbeth,III,i,64.
CHAPTER 35
1 (p. 411). King Cophetua: An imaginary African king who disdained all women until he met and married a beggar-maid.
2 (p. 413). Griselda: The model of patience, from a tale in Boccaccio’s Decameron, which also forms ‘The Clerk’s Tale’ in Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales.
CHAPTER 36
1 (p. 423). due ad me: ‘lead to me’ or ‘come hither’.
2 (P.431). the labourer worthy of his hire… scraps from a rich man’s kitchen: Crawley echoes Luke x, 7 and Luke xvi, 21.
CHAPTER 37
1 (p. 434). Adding sugar…as he goes?; Unidentified.
2 (p. 439). antecedentum scelestum: The rascal who runs ahead, and of whom Punishment, though lame-footed, seldom ceases the pursuit – Horace, Odes III, ii, 31–2.
CHAPTER 38
1 (p. 442). Cause or Just Impediment: The Banns of Marriage, Book of Common Prayer.
2 (p. 443). Marquis of Hartletop: MS and Cornhill read ‘Marquis of Dum-bello’.
CHAPTER 40
1 (p. 471). precentor to the chapter: The precentor is usually second-in-command to the dean, but in Barchester the term is used in an old sense of the cleric who chants the litany.
2 (p. 475). Homburg and Ems: Continental gambling resorts.
CHAPTER 43
1 (p. 500). Framley: MS and Cornhill read ‘Lufton’, which is clearly a mistake since Lufton is ‘in another county’ and has not been inhabited since Lord Lufton’s grandfather’s day.
CHAPTER 44
1 (p. 513). Jones: MS and Cornhill read ‘Evans’, and Trollope has clearly forgotten that the curate’s name is Evan Jones.
2 (P. 519). locus penitentiae: ‘A place or opportunity of repentance. The interval
between the time money is paid or goods are delivered for an illegal purpose and the time the illegal purpose is carried out’ (Osborn’s Concise Law Dictionary, 6th edn, 1976),
CHAPTER 46
1 (p. 544). Faith and hope… charity… all: Allusion to 1 Corinthians xiii, 13.
CHAPTER 47
1 (p. 545). a lame foot of her own: See Chapter 3 7, note 2.
2 (p. 547). Quod facit per alium, facit per se: Correctly, ’Qui facit…’: ‘He who does a thing by another’s agency does it himself’ – (Coke, Institutes of the Laws).
3 (p. 552). West Barsetshire: MS and Cornhill read ‘West Barchester’.
CHAPTER 48
1 (p. 554). vale of tears… taketh away: Mrs Proudie quotes from the Salve Regina, the Exhortation and the funeral service.
2 (p. 556). Ems… Baden… Nice: Continental gambling resorts.
3 (p. 556). to forget the peeress in the woman: ‘Fond to forget the statesman in the friend’ – Pope, ‘Epistle to Rt Hon Earl of Oxford’, 8.
4 (p. 557). feast of reason… flow of soul: Pope, Satires and Epistles of Horace Imitated, Book 2, Satire 1, 127.
5 (p. 557). quaint latter-day philosopher… Silence: The sentiment is found frequently in the works of Carlyle, author of the Latter-Bay Pamphlets.
Further Reading
Most books on Trollope’s fiction contain a treatment of Framley Parsonage. Particularly helpful are the following: James R. Kincaid, The Novels of Anthony Troilope (Oxford, 1977); Mary Hamer, Writing by Numbers: Trollope’s Serial Fiction (Cambridge, 1987); and Mark Turner, Troilope and the Magazine: Gendered Issues in Mid-Victorian Britain (Basingstoke, 2000),
Examples of other general works on Troilope, many of them now rather dated, are Bradford A. Booth, Anthony Trollope: Aspects of His Life and Art (London, 1958); A. O. J. Cockshut, Anthony Trollope (London, 1955); P. D. Edwards, Anthony Trollope: His Art and Scope (St Lucia, Queensland, 1977); Geoffrey Harvey, The Art of Anthony Trollope (London, 1980); Robert M. Polhemus, The Changing World of Anthony Troilope (Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1968); Arthur Pollard, Anthony Troilope (London, 1978); Michael Sadleir, Troilope: A Commentary (London, 1927); L P. and R. P. Stebbins, The Trollopes: The Chronicle of a Writing Family (London, 1946); R. C. Terry, Anthony Trollope: The Artist in Hiding (London, 1977); Robert Tracy, Trollope’s Later Novels (Berkeley, Ca., 1978); and Stephen Wall, Troilope and Character (London, 1988).
Despite a number of serious bibliographical errors, Donald Smalley (ed.), Anthony Troilope: The Critical Heritage (London, 1969) contains a useful collection of Victorian criticism of Trollope’s fiction. Trollope’s contemporary reception is analysed in David Skilton, Anthony Troilope and His Contemporaries: A Study in the Theory and Conventions of Mid-Victorian Fiction (London, 1972, 1996). An annotated bibliography of later criticism is found in J. C. Olmsted and J. E. Welch, The Reputation of Troilope: An Annotated Bibliography 1925–1975 (New York, 1978), and a fuller listing of Troilope editions as well as selected secondary works is found in Anthony Troilope: A Collector’s Catalogue 1847–1990 (London: the Troilope Society, 1992). The standard descriptive bibliography of Trollope’s works in their original editions is Michael Sadleir, Trollope: A Bibliography (London, 1928).
The best reference work on Trollope, his life and work is the Oxford Reader’s Companion to Trollope, edited by R. C. Terry (Oxford, 1999), while the most scholarly biographies are N. John Hall, Trollope: A Biography (Oxford, 1991) and R. H. Super, The Chronicler of Barsetshire: A Life of Anthony Trollope (Ann Arbor, Mich., 1988). Richard Mullen, Anthony Trollope: A Victorian in His World (London, 1990) gives a more opinionated account, and Victoria Glendinning’s Anthony Trollope (London, 1992) is fascinating and exceptionally readable, containing very plausible speculations about unknown aspects of the author’s life, including his marriage. Trollope’s letters are admirably collected in N. John Hall (ed.), The Letters of Anthony Trollope (Stanford, Ca., 1983). Also useful in the study of Trollope as a public and private figure is R. C. Terry (ed.), Trollope: Interviews and Recollections (London, 1987).
Chronology
1815 Battle of Waterloo
Lord George Gordon Byron, Hebrew Melodies
Anthony Trollope born 24 April at 16 Keppel Street, Blooms-bury, the fourth son of Thomas and Frances Trollope. Family moves shortly after to Harrow-on-the-Hill
1823 Attends Harrow as a day-boy (–1825)
1825 First public steam railway opened
Sir Walter Scott, The Betrothed and The Talisman
Sent as a boarder to a private school in Sunbury, Middlesex
1827 Greek War of Independence won in the battle of Navarino
Sent to school at Winchester College. His mother sets sail for the USA on 4 November with three of her children
1830 George IV dies; his brother ascends the throne as William IV
William Cobbett, Rural Rides
Removed from Winchester. Sent again to Harrow until 1834
1832 Controversial First Reform Act extends the right to vote to approximately one man in five
Frances Trollope, Domestic Manners of the Americans
1834 Slavery abolished in the British Empire. Poor Law Act introduces workhouses to England
Edward Bulwer-Lytton, The Last Days of Pompeii
Trollope family migrates to Bruges to escape creditors. Anthony returns to London to take up a junior clerkship in the General Post Office
1835 Halley’s Comet appears. ‘Railway mania’ in Britain
Robert Browning, Paracelsus
His father dies in Bruges
1840 Queen Victoria marries Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. Penny Post introduced
Charles Dickens, The Old Curiosity Shop (–1841)
Dangerously ill in May and June
1841 Thomas Carlyle, On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and the Heroic in History
Appointed Postal Surveyor’s Clerk for Central District of Ireland. Moves to Banagher, King’s County (now Co. Offaly)
1843 John Ruskin, Modern Painters (vol. I)
Begins to write his first novel, The Macdermots of Ballycloran
1844 Daniel O’Connell, campaigner for Catholic Emancipation, imprisoned for conspiracy; later released
William Thackeray, The Luck of Barry Lyndon
Marries Rose Heseltine in June. Transferred to Clonmel, Co. Tipperary
1846 Famine rages in Ireland. Repeal of the Corn Laws
Dickens, Dombey and Son (–1848)
First son, Henry Merivale, born in March
1847 Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre; Emily Bronte, Wuthering Heights
A second son, Frederic James Anthony, born in September
The Macdermots of Ballycloran
1848 Revolution in France; re-establishmeni of the Republic. The ‘Cabbage Patch Rebellion’ in Tipperary fails
Trollopes move to Mallow, Co. Cork
The Kellys and the O’Kellys
1850 Alfred, Lord Tennyson, In Memoriam La
Vendée. Writes The Noble Jilt, a play and the source of his later novel Can You Forgive Her?
1851 The Great Exhibition
Herman Melville, Moby Dick
Sent to survey and reorganize postal system in southwest England and Wales (–1852)
1852 First pillar box in the British Isles introduced in St Helier, Jersey, on Trollope’s recommendation
1853 Thackeray, The Newcomes (–1855)
Moves to Belfast to take post as Acting Surveyor for the Post Office
1854 Britain becomes involved in the Crimean War (–1856)
Appointed Surveyor of the Northern District of Ireland
1855 David Livingstone discovers Victoria Falls, Zambia (Zimbabwe)
Dickens, Little Dorrit (–1857)
Moves to Donnybrook, Co. Dublin
The Warden. Writes The New Zealander (published 1972)
1857 Indian Mutiny (–1858)
Thomas Hughes, Tom Brown’s Schooldays
Barchester Towers
1858
Irish Republican Brotherhood founded in Dublin
George Eliot, Scenes of Clerical Life