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The Mantle of Command

Page 61

by Nigel Hamilton

]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Christmas visit to White House (1941–42), [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  complacency after Midway victory, [>]–[>]

  concedes Indian Dominion status, [>]–[>], [>]

  conference with FDR (1942), [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  contempt for Gandhi, [>]–[>], [>]

  criticizes ability of British troops, [>], [>]

  demands fight to the death at Singapore, [>], [>]–[>]

  depression and exhaustion, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  and El Alamein, [>]–[>], [>]

  Eleanor Roosevelt and, [>], [>], [>], [>]

  FDR on, [>], [>]

  FDR postpones meeting with, [>]–[>]

  and first Anglo-American staff conference, [>]–[>]

  first war strategy discussion with FDR, [>]–[>], [>]

  gives priority to preserving British Empire, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]

  Goebbels on, [>]–[>]

  on Halifax, [>]

  Halifax on, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  Harriman and, [>], [>]–[>]

  heart attack (1941), [>]

  Hitler on, [>], [>]

  Hopkins and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]

  at Hyde Park, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]

  ignorance of modern warfare, [>], [>]

  inability to admit personal error, [>]–[>]

  Ismay on, [>]

  Jacob on, [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  lack of leadership by, [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  London War Rooms, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  Mackenzie King on, [>]–[>]

  management style, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  Marshall distrusts, [>], [>]

  mental stability questioned, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  Morgenthau on, [>]–[>]

  and North Africa landings (1942), [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]

  opposes Second Front strategy, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  panic-stricken plea for assistance, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  at Placentia Bay summit meeting (1941), [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]

  political pressures on, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  poor military judgment, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  postwar reinterpretation of Anglo-American alliance, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  and proposed landing in France (1942), [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  and proposed North African landings, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]

  proposes invasion of Norway, [>], [>], [>]

  as public speaker, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]

  reaction to Pearl Harbor attack, [>]–[>]

  and reinforcement of Egypt, [>]

  relationship with FDR, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]

  restricted sources of information, [>]

  The Second World War, [>], [>], [>]

  shifts blame to U.S., [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  and sinking of HMS Prince of Wales, [>]–[>]

  Smith on, [>]

  “State of the War” address (1942), [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  Stilwell distrusts, [>]–[>]

  Stimson distrusts, [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  suppresses protests in India, [>], [>]

  and surrender of Tobruk, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  threatens resignation, [>]–[>], [>]

  and unity of command, [>]–[>], [>]

  and U.S. war production, [>]–[>]

  use of “Ultra,” [>]

  as Victorian personality, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  wants U.S. in the war, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  war strategy, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]

  and Washington press conference (1941), [>]–[>]

  weakening parliamentary support for, [>], [>]

  Wedemeyer distrusts, [>]

  Wilson (doctor) on, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  Ciano, Galeazzo (count): and declaration of war, [>]–[>], [>]

  on FDR, [>]–[>]

  Clark, Mark (general), [>]

  colonialism, British. See British Empire

  Combined Chiefs of Staff, [>]

  Brooke opposes, [>], [>]–[>]

  composition of, [>], [>]

  FDR creates, [>]–[>]

  Leahy as chairman of, [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  and proposed landing in France (1942), [>]

  Commonwealth of Nations: British Empire as, [>]–[>]

  Connally, Tom (senator): reaction to Pearl Harbor attack, [>]–[>]

  Consolidated Vultee plant (Fort Worth), [>]

  Cooper, Isabel Rosario, [>]

  Coral Sea, Battle of (1942), [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  Fletcher and, [>]

  Cowles, John and Gardner, [>]

  Cox, Vivian A. (sublieutenant)

  and White House Map Room, [>]–[>], [>]

  Cripps, Sir Stafford: mission to India, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  Cunningham, Alan (general), [>], [>]

  Curts, Maurice (commander), [>]

  Dardanelles campaign (1915–16), [>]

  Darlan, François (admiral), [>], [>]

  and North Africa landings, [>]–[>], [>]

  Darwin, Australia: Japanese air raid on, [>]

  Davies, Joseph, [>]

  De Gaulle, Charles (general), [>], [>], [>]

  Delano, Laura, [>]

  Dieppe, Canadian raid on (1942), [>], [>]

  Churchill approves, [>]–[>]

  German reaction to, [>]–[>]

  Goebbels and, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]

  Hitler and, [>]–[>]

  losses in, [>]–[>], [>]

  Mackenzie King on, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  Mountbatten lies about losses in, [>]

  Mountbatten proposes, [>]

  RAF in, [>]

  Stalin on, [>]–[>], [>]

  Stimson and, [>]

  Dietrich, Sepp (general), [>]

  Dill, Sir John (field marshal), [>], [>]

  and proposed landing in France, [>], [>]

  on surrender of Tobruk, [>]

  Donovan, William J. (colonel), [>], [>]

  and Pearl Harbor attack, [>]–[>]

  Doolittle, James (general): bombs Tokyo, [>]

  receives Medal of Honor, [>]

  Doolittle Raid (1942): Arnold and, [>]–[>]

  Chiang and, [>]–[>]

  China and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  effect on Japanese war planning, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  FDR and, [>]–[>]

  Japanese military reaction to, [>]–[>], [>]

  King and, [>]–[>], [>]

  Marshall and, [>]–[>]

  McCrea and, [>]–[>]

  psychological effects on Japan, [>], [>]–[>]

  Stimson and, [>]–[>], [>]

  Yamamoto and, [>]

  Douglas Aircraft plant (Long Beach), [>]

  Dunkirk: evacuation of, [>], [>]

  Early, Steve, [>], [>]

  and Pearl Harbor attack, [>], [>]

  and Washington press conference (1941), [>]

  Eden, Anthony, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Egypt: Churchill and reinforcement of, [>]

  Marshall opposes U.S. reinforcement in, [>], [>]

  Rommel threatens, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  Second U.S. Armored Division’s tanks reinforce, [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Eisenh
ower, Dwight, [>], [>]

  and MacArthur, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  and proposed landing in France, [>], [>], [>]

  as supreme commander of North Africa landings, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  as U.S. commander in Great Britain, [>], [>], [>]

  and war planning, [>], [>], [>]

  El Alamein, Battle of (1942): Churchill and, [>]–[>], [>]

  Eighth Army wins, [>]–[>], [>]

  FDR and, [>], [>]

  Goebbels and, [>]–[>]

  Hitler and, [>]

  Montgomery at, [>]–[>], [>]

  Rommel defeated at, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]

  “Ultra” at, [>]

  Elsey, George (ensign): on FDR, [>]–[>]

  and White House Map Room, [>]–[>], [>]

  Espionage Act (1917): McCormick charged with violating, [>]

  Estéva, Jean-Pierre (admiral), [>]

  Eyre, James, [>]

  Fahy, Charles, [>]

  Fields, Alonzo, [>], [>]

  Fleming, Philip (general): and presidential security, [>]–[>], [>]

  Fletcher, Jack (admiral): and Battle of Coral Sea (1942), [>]

  and Battle of Midway (1942), [>], [>]

  Ford Willow Run plant (Detroit), [>]–[>]

  France, proposed landing in (1942), [>], [>], [>]

  Churchill and, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  Combined Chiefs of Staff and, [>]

  Dill and, [>], [>]

  Eisenhower and, [>], [>], [>]

  FDR and, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  Hitler and, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  King and, [>], [>], [>]

  Knox and, [>]–[>]

  Marshall and, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Mountbatten and, [>]

  Stimson and, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  France, Vichy, [>], [>]

  aids Germany, [>]

  defends Madagascar, [>]

  Germany occupies, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]

  Goebbels and, [>]–[>]

  Laval as premier of, [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  Leahy as ambassador to, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  and North Africa landings (1942), [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  as possible ally, [>], [>], [>]

  Franco, Francisco (generalissimo), [>], [>], [>]

  Freeman, Wilfrid (air vice marshal), [>]

  Gallipoli, Battle of (1915), [>], [>]

  Gandhi, Mahatma, [>], [>], [>]

  Churchill’s contempt for, [>]–[>], [>]

  George VI, [>], [>], [>], [>]

  German Navy: escapes from Royal Navy, [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  U-boat successes, [>]

  Germany: assault on Caucasian oil fields, [>], [>], [>]

  bombs Great Britain, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  civilian deaths in air raids, [>]

  civilian morale in, [>]

  declares war on U.S., [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  FDR attempts to avoid war with, [>], [>]–[>]

  FDR on, [>]–[>]

  Goebbels on war strategy of, [>]–[>]

  Italy pressured by, [>]

  nonaggression pact with Soviet Union, [>]–[>], [>]

  occupies Vichy France, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]

  RAF’s “terror bombing” of, [>]–[>], [>]

  reaction to Dieppe raid (1942), [>]–[>]

  reaction to North Africa landings (1942), [>], [>]–[>]

  reaction to surrender of Tobruk, [>]–[>]

  relationship with Japan, [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  superior military training and command in, [>]

  as threat to Spain, [>], [>]–[>]

  trade rivalry with Great Britain, [>]

  U.S. declares war on, [>]–[>]

  use of air power, [>]

  Vichy France aids, [>]

  war production, [>]

  war with Soviet Union, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  “Germany First” strategy: FDR and, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Giraud, Henri (general): and North Africa landings (1942), [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  Goebbels, Joseph, [>], [>]

  on Churchill, [>]–[>]

  and declaration of war, [>], [>]–[>]

  and Dieppe raid (1942), [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]

  and El Alamein, [>]–[>]

  on FDR, [>]–[>], [>]

  on German war strategy, [>]–[>]

  on MacArthur, [>]

  and North Africa landings, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]

  as propagandist, [>], [>], [>]

  and Second Front strategy, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  and surrender of Tobruk, [>]–[>], [>]

  on U.S. dominance in Allied coalition, [>]

  and Vichy France, [>]–[>]

  Gort, Lord, [>]

  Gott, Richard (general), [>]

  Great Britain: in Allied coalition, [>]

  economic dependence on empire, [>]–[>]

  Eisenhower as U.S. commander in, [>], [>], [>]

  elitist attitudes in, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  German bombing of, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  global decline of, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]

  isolationism in, [>]

  Louis Johnson on, [>]

  military forces. See British Army; Royal Navy

  sentiments against in India, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  sentiments against in U.S., [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]

  shift in relations with U.S., [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  trade rivalry with Germany, [>]

  Grew, Joseph, [>]

  Griscom, Ludlow, [>]

  Guadalcanal: strategic importance of, [>], [>], [>]

  U.S. assault on, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Guam: Japan attacks, [>], [>], [>]

  Guderian, Heinz (general), [>], [>]

  Hachmeister, Louise, [>]

  Halifax, Lord, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  attempts to wreck Indian negotiations, [>]

  character and personality, [>]

  Churchill on, [>]

  on Churchill, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  and Churchill’s White House visit (1941), [>]–[>]

  on FDR, [>]–[>], [>]

  and proposed North Africa landings, [>], [>]

  on RAF “terror bombing,” [>]

  and surrender of Tobruk, [>]

  on U.S. war production, [>]

  Halsey, William (admiral), [>]

  Hamilton, Alexander: on president as commander in chief, [>]

  Handy, Thomas T. (general), [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]

  Hankey, Maurice, [>]

  Hara, Tameichi (captain), [>]–[>]

  Harmon, Ernest N. (general), [>]

  Harriman, Averell, [>], [>], [>], [>]

  and Churchill, [>], [>]–[>]

  meets with Stalin, [>], [>]–[>]

  at Placentia Bay summit meeting (1941), [>]–[>]

  reports on Soviet Union, [>]–[>]

  and surrender of Tobruk, [>]

  Hart, Thomas C. (admiral), [>], [>]

  on amphibious warfare, [>]

 

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