by Dilip Hiro
and nuclear program and weapons, 279, 285–289, 426
and Singh, Manmohan, 365, 367
and United States, 270, 273
and Vajpayee, Atal Bihari, 290, 291–292, 295–297, 313, 426–427
and Zia ul Haq, Muhammad, 270
as Prime Minister, 269, 365, 410
biography and characters of, 269–270
overthrown by a military coup, 306
Nayala, 310
Nayar, Kuldip, 187, 194, 254–256, 424
Nazarbayev, Nur Sultan, 331
Nazimuddin, Khwaja, 131, 141
NDTV, 429, 344
Nehru, Kamala, 59, 194
Nehru, Jawaharlal, 38, 46, 47, 59, 62, 63, 66, 72, 94, 95, 100, 107, 127, 41, 149, 172, 176, 194, 416, 417
and Abdullah, Shaikh Muhammad, 112, 116, 151, 176
and Ali Khan, Liaquat, 132, 133, 138, 139–140
and Ayub Khan, Muhammad, 154, 155–57, 166, 170–171, 176, 417–418
and Bogra, Muhammad Ali, 149–151, 157
and China, 157, 160–172, 418
and communal violence and communalism, 63, 86, 87, 105, 106
and Constitutional Award, 81, 416
and Dalai Lama, 164
and Eisenhower, Dwight, 144, 148
and Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand, 63, 87, 94–95, 127
and Indian National Army, 76
and Jinnah, Muhammad Ali, 65–66, 83, 131–132
and Kashmir, 111, 112, 113, 114, 116, 120, 121, 122, 123–124, 142, 150–151, 143, 155–156, 173, 175, 176, 208, 342
and Kennedy, John F., 167, 171, 173
and Koran War (1950–1953), 145
and Mao Zedong, 162, 418–419
and nuclear program and weapons, 229
and Princely States, 98
and secularism, 106–107, 128, 416
and Soviet Union, 124, 152, 171, 188
and Truman, Harry, 136
and United States, 85, 144–145, 171–172
and Vande Matram (song), 65–66
and Zhou Enlai, 169, 170, 418
as President of Congress Party, 60, 80
as Vice-President of Executive Council, 85
biography and character of, 106, 112, 132, 151, 156, 161, 174, 177
foreign policy of, 85, 144, 151, 166, 417
on Government of India Act (1935), 59
on Pakistan, 94, 125, 150–151, 155, 157
on Two Nation theory, 69
Nehru, Motilal, 38, 44, 47, 177
Nehru Report, 44, 45, 54
Nepal, 158, 163
New Delhi, see Delhi
New York, 273
New York Times, 136, 204, 256, 271, 282, 324, 381
New Yorker, 323, 331
New Zealand, 18, 155, 41
Newcastle (South Africa), 16
Newsweek International, 379
Niazi, Amir Abdullah Khan, 202, 207, 209–210, 214, 215, 217, 421
Nimitz, Chester, 150
9/11, 316, 323, 336, 338, 354, 420, 428
Nishtar, Abdur Rab, 86, 95
Nixon, Richard, 196, 202, 206, 207–208, 211, 215, 219, 221, 267, 293, 310
No Higher Honors: A Memoir of My Years in Washington, 353
Noakhali, 86
Non-Aligned Movement summits, 244, 358, 364, 423
Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), 243, 251, 278, 284
Nonproliferation Act (US), 236
Noon, Firoz Khan, 147, 148
Noor Jehan (movie), 396
Nooran, 104
Noorani, A. G., 160
Noorani, Zain, 254
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 145–146, 379, 381, 384, 385, 388, 391
North Korea and North Koreans, 136–137, 278
North Waziristan, 118, 377, 378
North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA), 158, 159
North-East Frontier Tract, 158
North-West Frontier Province (NWFP), 60, 61, 62, 96, 97, 118, 237, 269, 274, 369, 414
Northern Alliance, 373, 374, 375
Northern Areas (Kashmir), 133, 142, 227, 392
Nuclear Club, 280
Nuclear Proliferation Prevention Act (US), 284
Nuclear Weapons and Foreign Policy, 167
Nusserwanjee, Jamshed, 45
Obama, Barack, 3, 359, 367, 387
Obermeyer, Ziad, 217
Observer, 255, 424
O’Dwyer, Sir Michael Francis, 24
Omar, Mullah Muhammad, 316, 319, 338, 363, 372, 379, 380, 391
One Day International (cricket matches), 400
Operation Badr, 294, 295, 300, 301
Operation Black Thunder, 252
Operation Black Thunder II, 258
Operation Black Tornado, 373
Operation Blue Star, 248–249
Operation Brasstacks, 253–254, 401, 424
Operation Chanakaya, 275
Operation Chengiz Khan, 209
Operation Cyclone, 238
Operation Desert Hawk, 252
Operation Enduring Freedom, 373
Operation Fair Play, 232, 422
Operation Gibraltar, 179, 180, 182, 183, 420
Operation Grand Slam, 179, 180, 183, 184
Operation Gulmarg, 119, 120
Operation Prakaram, 322
Operation Searchlight, 199, 203
Operation Shakti, 283
Operation Shop, 249
Operation Vijay, 295, 300
Operation Woodrose, 249
Orange Free State, 13
Osirak Contingency (India), 243
Osmani, Muhammad Abdullah Gani, 201
Otacamund, 178
Ottoman Empire, 11, 27, 30
Ottoman Turkey, 7
Outalha, Faiza, 348
Outlook, 377
Oxford, 54
Padmanabhan, Sunderarajan, 322, 324, 325, 326, 334, 429
Paghman, 237
Pahwa, Madan Lal, 126
Pahlavi, Muhammad Reza, 145, 238, 371
Pakeezah (movie), 223, 224
Pakistan (book), 115
Pakistan and Pakistanis, 2, 3, 4, 52, 57, 78, 96, 97, 249, 288, 395
and Abdullah, Shaikh Muhammad, 153, 176, 359
and Afghanistan, 238, 370–371, 372, 374, 375–376, 377, 378, 380–381, 384, 386–387, 389, 390, 416, 422
and Bangladesh, 226, 227
and Central Treaty Organization (CENTO), 145–146, 149, 417
and China, 138, 147–148, 157, 170, 173, 195, 197, 201, 205, 206, 230, 231, 241, 243, 244, 296, 312, 411–412, 422, 427
and Clinton, Bill, 289, 290, 311, 312
and Gandhi, Indira, 241–242, 244, 235, 246
and Gandhi, Mohandas, 125
and Gandhi, Rajiv, 254, 255, 258, 261, 288
and India, 125, 126, 127, 128, 204, 206, 207, 240, 243, 246, 251, 254, 271, 274–275, 285, 287, 308, 310, 312, 319, 321–322, 323, 326, 328, 331, 332, 333, 336, 358, 367
and Islam, 128, 147, 201, 227, 232, 235
and Karzai, Hamid, 376, 381, 383, 388, 390, 391
and Kashmir, 279, 416. See also Pakistan-Administered Kashmir
and Khalistan movement, 248, 257, 258
and Mumbai 2008 Terrorist Attack, 352–354
and Mutual Defense Assistance Agreement (1954), 144
and South-East Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO), 145, 152, 185, 187, 370, 417
and Soviet Union, 132, 190, 191, 192, 193, 241
and Taliban, 274, 303, 317, 322, 337, 372, 373, 379, 380, 381
and United Nations, 125, 152–153, 287
and United States, 110, 128, 137, 143, 144, 145, 148, 149, 153–154, 157, 179, 185, 187, 1
96, 204, 222, 237, 241, 243, 244, 246, 251, 253, 270, 272, 278, 287, 307, 309, 310, 311, 316–318, 326, 332, 336, 363, 373, 376, 380, 387, 407, 417, 422, 426
birth of Pakistan, 102–103
broadcasting media in, 301, 335, 399
constitutions of, 227, 269
economy of, 10, 289, 290, 300, 318, 405, 407, 426
Hindus in, 140, 201, 227, 273, 421
military and its doctrine, 143–144, 145–146, 190, 226, 230, 306, 337, 340, 355–356, 371, 378–379, 383–384, 389, 418
nuclear doctrine of, 329, 330–331
nuclear program and weapons of, 140, 222, 230, 236, 241, 244, 245, 251, 285–289, 291–292, 293, 297, 299, 325, 331, 337, 341, 356, 413, 422–23, 425, 427, 431
origins of terrorist attacks in, 258, 266, 299, 311, 312, 321–322, 337, 358, 367
victim of terrorist attacks, 256, 258, 259
Pakistan-Administered Kashmir, see Azad Kashmir, Baltistan, and Northern Areas (Kashmir)
Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC), 222, 285–286, 288, 413
Pakistan Communist Party, 223
Pakistan Constituent Assembly (1947), 101, 103
Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB), 400, 404, 405
Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA), 335
Pakistan People’s Party (PPP), 196, 198, 222, 226, 232, 233, 234, 235, 246, 262, 264–265, 273, 292, 336, 345, 347, 410, 422
Pakistan Muslim League–Nawaz Sharif (PML-N), 269, 278, 336, 345, 365, 410
Pakistan Muslim League–Quaid-i-Azam (PML-Q), 336, 345
Pakistan National Alliance (PNA), 231, 232, 234
Pakistan Times, 109, 116
Pakistan-US Cooperation Agreement, 153–154, 185
Pakistani Taliban, 387, 404
Pakka Anna, 108
Pan Tsue-li, 164
Panchgani, 85
Panchsheel, 161, 163
Pandit, Vijay Lakshmi, 124, 136
Panjshir Valley, 376
Panjwar, Paramjit Singh, 257
Panmunjom, 1
Pannikar, K. M., 137
Parasuram, R. P., 89
Parikh, Narhari, 89
Paris, 30, 267
Parsis, 11
Partition Council, 96, 129
Parvaiz, Athar, 3
Pasha, Ahmed Shuja, 351–352, 386
Pashban-e Ahl-e Hadith, 337
Pashtunistan, 369, 371
Patel, Vallabhbhai, 60–61, 62, 66, 77, 84, 89, 95, 96, 120, 121, 125, 127, 414, 416
Pathankot, 116
Patiala, 100
Patil, Shivraj, 350
Patna, 86
Patterson, Anne, 353
Pearl Harbor, 69
Peer, Basharat, 276
Pentagram rock band, 301
People’s Democratic Alliance, 269
People’s Democratic Party, 333–334
People’s Republic of China (PRC), see China
Permanent Settlement Act (1793), 19
Persian (language), 5, 7, 239, 414
Persian Gulf, 227
Peshawar, 112, 148, 187, 188, 237, 303
Pethick-Lawrence, Lord, 79, 81
Petit, Sir Dinshaw, 18
Petit, Rattanbai (Ruttie), 18, 23–24. See also Jinnah, Maryam
Philadelphia Inquirer, 258
Philippines, 370
Phoenix Settlement, 14, 15
Pietermaritzburg, 13
Pillai, Gopal Krishna, 360
Pirbhoy, Adamjee, 6
Plebiscite Front, 153, 181, 228
Pokhran, 228, 229, 282, 283, 286, 289, 425, 426
Poland, 67
Poonch, 118, 122, 294, 408
Poonch-Mirpur area, 114, 114, 117
Poonch-Uri, 191
Poonja, Jinnahbhai, 9
Poonja, Mithi Bai, 9, 69
Popalzai tribe, 373, 374
Porbandar, 12, 349
Powell, Colin, 324, 325, 326, 333
Praagh, David van, 189
Prasad, Rajendra, 96, 106, 141, 143, 416
Pressler, Larry, 245
Pressler Amendment (US), 246, 278
Pretoria, 16
Princely States, 51, 53, 59, 79, 87, 98
Pugwash Conference on Jammu and Kashmir, 343
Punjab
Colonial India, 55, 88, 95–96, 97, 395
communal holocaust in, 101–102, 104–105, 416
Independent India, 242, 247–248, 252, 256, 274
population exchange in, 107–108, 109
Pakistan, 274
Pushtu (language), 239
Putin, Vladimir, 331
Puzanov, Alexander, 237
Qadeer Khan, Abdul, 230–231, 244, 245, 254–255, 256, 288, 423, 424
Qazi, Ashraf Jahangir, 314
Qazi, Javed Ashraf, 356
Quetta, 97, 130, 303, 374, 376
Quit India campaign (1942), 71, 77
Quit Kashmir campaign (1946), 113
Quran, 42, 346
Qureshi, Makhdoom Shah Mahmood, 352, 353, 356, 360, 361
Qureshi, Pervez Mahdi, 291, 294, 295
Qureshi, Shuaib, 44
Qushila, Jadid, 376
Rabbani, Burhanuddin, 374, 388
Radcliffe, Sir Cyril, 99, 100
Radhakrishnan, Servpalli, 143
Rafiuddin, Maulavi, 10
Raghavan, N., 160–161
Raghunath, Krishnan, 290
Ragi, Darshan Singh, 256
Rahman, Fazlur, 274
Rahman, Hamdoon, 222
Rahman, Shaikh Mujibur, 196, 198, 199, 201, 215, 216, 222, 227
Rahman Khan, Abdur, 241, 244, 259, 262
Raj, Prithvi, 4, 413
Raja, Rameez, 402
Rajagopalachari, Chakravarti, 70–71, 72, 84
Rajaratnam, Thenmozhi, 271
Rajasthan, 253, 254, 256
Rajkot, 12
Ram, Chhotu, 64
Ram Raj, 43, 53
Rama, Lord (Hindu god-king), 16, 43, 272, 281, 382
Rama Janam Bhoomi Mandir, 281
Ramadan (month), 109, 337, 342
Raman, Bahukutumbi, 236
Raman, Venkat, 193
Ramanna, Raja, 243, 244, 423
Ramayana, 33
Ramganj, 86
Rampur, 27
Rangoon, 70
Rann of Kutch, 178
Rao, Nirupama, 359, 361
Rao, Pamulapartu Venkata Narasimha, see Narasimha Rao, Pamulapartu Venkata
Rao, V. Venkateswara, 381
Raphel, Arnold, 259
Rashid, Ahmed, 376
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), 88, 126, 127, 280–281, 284
Rattam, 107, 108
Ravi River, 98, 116, 154
Rawalakot, 408
Rawalpindi, 92, 140, 170, 187, 209, 259, 317, 338, 368
Reading, Lord, 35, 38, 46
Reagan, Ronald, 240–241, 243, 244, 246, 253, 254, 263, 422
Rees, Thomas Pete, 100
Rehman, Atiq, 368
Reliance World Cup (cricket), 255
Report of the Committee Appointed by the Government of India to Investigate the Disturbances in the Punjab etc., 30, 32
Republic of China (Taiwan), 168, 200
Republican Party (Pakistan), 147, 148
Research and Analysis Milli Afghanistan (RAMA), 382
Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), 197, 206, 399
and Afghanistan, 372–373, 376, 377
and assassination of Zia ul Haq, Muhammad, 262
and Awami League, 198
and Counter Intelligence Team–J (CIT–J), 252, 274, 279
and Counter Intelligence Team–X (CIT–X), 252, 256, 274, 279
and East Pakistan, 198, 201
and Indian Kashmir, 275
and Inter-Services Intelligence, 244, 257, 275
and KHAD, 242
and Mossad, 197, 244
and Pakistan, 236, 245, 266, 275–275
and Kargil War, 296
and Shin Beth, 250
and Sikh militancy, 266
Rice, Condoleezza, 325, 351, 352–354
Riedel, Bruce, 298, 300
Rodham, Dorothy, 310
Rome, 218
Roosevelt, Franklin, D., 69
Rose, Leo E., 216
Roshan, Hrithik, 302
Round Table Conferences (London), 50, 51, 53
Rowlatt, Sidney, 24
Rowlatt Act, 24, 27, 28
Royal Indian Navy mutiny (1946), 76, 77
Ruskin, John, 4
Russia, 372
Sadiq, Ghulam Muhammad, 116, 175, 177
Saeed, Hafiz Muhammad, 321, 355, 357, 359, 360, 361, 363
Sahai, Jagan Nath, 193, 194
Sahara India, 402
Sahara TV, 301
Sahgal, Prem, 75
Sajjad, Wasim, 273
Saleh, Amrullah, 386
Salim (Prince), 397
Salt March, 46–49, 50
Samadzai, Vida, 293
Sanatan Dharm Sabha, 41
Sandys, Duncan, 173
Sanjivpaul, Subodh, 386
Sarabhai, Ambalal, 21–22
Sargodha Air Force Base, 298, 428
Sarkar, Sujeet, 394
Sarvar Upazila, 227
Sathyu, Mysore Shrinivas, 219, 220
Sattar, Abdul, 253
Saudi Arabia, 227, 239, 275, 289, 365
Savage, Gerald, 100
Sayed, Mushahid Hussain, see Hussain, Mushahid
Sayeed, Mufti, 339
Schmitt, Eric, 381
Scott, H. L., 113
Se-La Pass, 159, 160, 171
Seoul, 1
Serwani, Muhammad Arif, 375, 379
Sethi, Najam, 405
Shaam, Mahmood, 185
Shah, A. K., 117
Shah, Sir Sultan Muhammad, 6, 56
Shah, Zarrar, 355
Shahi, Agha, 236
Shaikh, Ahmed Umar, 308
Shamsuddin, Khwaja, 175
Shanghai Cooperation Organization, 358
Sharif, Muhammad, 304
Sharif, Shahbaz, 304, 407, 409
Sharjah, 401
Sharma, Anand, 409, 410, 411
Sharm-el-Shaikh, 358
Sharon, Ariel, 243, 245, 423
Shashank, 340
Shastri, Lal Bahadur, 176
and Ayub Khan, Muhammad, 179, 194
and China, 188