Spain's Road to Empire

by Henry Kamen

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  Index

  Aachen, 50, 64

  Abu'l-Hasan Ali, 18

  Acapulco, 203, 206, 210–213, 215, 219, 231, 257, 291–292, 296, 419–421, 475

  Acoma Indians, massacre of, 252, 253

  Acosta, José de, 109, 146–147, 226, 268, 354, 369, 375

  Acuña, Hernando de, 81

  Acuña, Pedro Bravo de, 223

  adelantados, 12, 30, 106, 120, 202, 246, 249–250, 252, 491

  Admiral of Castile, 8, 50

  Africa

  slave trade from, 429–431, 512

  Spanish expansion into, 6, 7, 9, 11, 14–15, 17, 19–20, 23, 29–33, 41, 47, 49–50, 63, 67, 70, 77, 84–85, 92, 121, 134, 136–137, 156, 165, 167, 181–182, 185, 198, 233, 255,297, 299, 345–346, 355–356, 430, 450, 455–456, 487–488, 495

  transfer of culture to New World, 357

  African dream, 33, 41

  Africans in the Spanish empire, 13, 17, 105, 131, 135–141, 204, 209, 229, 240, 263, 283, 351, 354–359, 403, 430, 433, 470, 471, 489, 497

  in domestic service, 140

  freedom of, 140

  manumission of, 358

  as militia in America, 358–359

  rebellions of, 356

  Aguayo, marquis of San Miguel de, 464

  Aguilar, Jerónimo de, 99

  Aguirre, Lope de, 121

  Álamos de Barrientos, Baltasar, 374

  al-Andalus, 6, 7, 14–15, 18–19, 21

  Alarcón, Fernando de, 68

  Alarcón, Francisco de, 373

  Alarcón, Hernando de, 228

  Álava, Francés de, 187

  Alba, Fadrique de Toledo, second duke of, 34, 66

  Alba, Fernando Alvarez de Toledo, third duke of,
57, 71, 76, 80, 90, 162–166, 168, 177–181, 186–188, 190–191, 300, 303–304, 306, 511

  Alberoni, Cardinal Giulio, 450, 452–454

  Albert of Austria, Archduke, 311–312, 314, 318–319, 324

  Albornoz, Cristóbal de, 276

  Albret family of Navarre, 34–35

  Albuquerque, Viceroy Afonso de, 200

  Alburquerque, duke of, 407

  Alcalá de Henares, 25

  Alcaudete, count of, 77, 155

  Aldringen, Johann von, 385

  Aldus Manutius, 4

  Alemán, Mateo, 366

  Alexander VI, Pope, 14, 30, 42

  Alfinger, Ambrosius, 85, 118

  Alfonso the Magnanimous, 24

  Alfonso VII of Castile, 10

  Algiers, campaigns at, 32, 70, 72, 75–76, 155, 182, 296

  Alhambra of Granada, 19

  Alicante, 413, 418, 435, 456

  Almadén, mercury mines of, 89, 286, 448

  Almagro, Diego de, 106, 109–111, 114, 118–119, 139, 194, 497–498

  Almansa, battle of (1707), 444–445, 489

  Almodóvar, marquis of, 469

  al-Qasr al-Kabir, battle of (1578), 299, 301

  Alvarado, Pedro de, 102, 110, 113–114, 118, 138, 200, 247

  al-Zagal, ruler of Granada, 18

  Amazon river, 106, 115, 121, 315

  mapping of, 478

  Amazons, myth of the, 228, 240, 245

  ambassadors of Spanish empire, 25, 29, 38–39, 55, 64, 74, 413, 441, 496

  Amboina, 199, 327

  Amelot, Michel-Jean, marquis de Gournay, 440, 447, 461

  America see New World

  Amsterdam, 297, 344, 366, 404–405, 412, 433, 436

  Anghiera, Peter Martyr d' see Peter Martyr

  Angola, slaves from, 404

  Anián, straits of, 228, 232

  Anne of Austria, queen of France, 500

  Anson, Commodore George, 475–476, 478

  Antonelli, Gian Battista, 169, 261

  Antwerp, 70, 77, 88, 146, 160, 189, 289, 293, 294, 296, 297, 301, 313, 318,321, 336, 346, 365, 405, 409, 512

  Apache Indians, 270, 272, 362, 424, 466, 467

  Apalachee Indians and province, 267, 269, 363, 425, 462, 466–467

  Aragonese in Spanish empire, 10, 17, 24, 38, 41, 59, 223, 332, 374, 393, 435, 490, 510