Tolkien and the Great War

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Tolkien and the Great War Page 42

by John Garth

Grove, Jennie (EMT’s cousin) 134, 232, 234, 240, 246, 249

  Guingelot (Wade’s boat) 86-7

  Gwendeling (queen of Artanor) 262, 271

  Habbanan (purgatorial plain) 112, 113, 127

  Haggard, Henry Rider 290

  She 20fn., 78, 79, 80

  Haig, Field-Marshal Sir Douglas (British Army commander-in-chief) 147, 200, 305

  Hammer of Wrath (battalion of Gondolin) 294, 295, 299

  Hammond, Wayne G. 281

  Hardy, Thomas: Tess of the D’Urbervilles 266

  Harrison (11th LF batman) 171

  Harrogate, Yorkshire 232, 233

  Havelock the Dane 63

  Hédauville, France 178, 190

  hemlock 238 and fn.

  Hengest 43, 224-5

  Henley, W. E. 93

  Heorrenda (Eriol’s son) 229, 273

  heroism see courage

  Herrick, Robert 102

  Hessian Trench, France 194, 195, 196-7, 198, 199

  Higgins, H. L. (KES) 250fn.

  High Heath, Battle of the 273-4, 278

  High Wood, France 182

  Hill of Death 266

  Hitler, Adolf 42, 96, 223, 293

  The Hobbit, see under Tolkien, J.R.R., stories

  hobbits 226, 264, 282-3, 305

  Holderness peninsula 234-9, 242-4

  Homer 13, 17

  Iliad 42, 43

  Odyssey 116, 135

  Hornsea, Holderness 234, 239, 240

  Horsa 43, 224-5

  Housman, A. E.: A Shropshire Lad 26

  Huan (talking hound) 263

  Hull: Brooklands Officers’ Hospital 239-40, 242, 246, 247-8

  humans see Men

  Humber Garrison 234, 238, 245, 248; see also Lancashire Fusiliers, 3rd, and Royal Defence Corps, 9th

  Huxley, Aldous: ‘Glastonbury’ 67fn.

  Huxtable, Leslie Risdon (11th LF subaltern) 190, 193, 194, 235, 239

  Hynes, Samuel: A War Imagined 287, 289, 301-2

  Ibsen, Henrik 105

  Icelandic and Old Norse 33, 34, 63, 95, 281

  Idril (Elf of Gondolin) 214, 217

  Ilmarinen 51

  Ilmatar 25

  Ilu (high airs) 127

  ilúindo (heavenly dwellings) 127

  Iluvatar 125, 254, 255, 258, 265, 266, 275, 276-7, 301, 306

  immortality and death 109, 112-13, 126, 260, 264-5, 275-7, 283, 306, 309

  in fairy tradition 78, 107

  Smith’s views 118, 181-2, 210, 211-12

  Wiseman’s views 232, 253

  see also Peter Pan under Barrie and She under Haggard

  Incledon, Marjorie (JRRT’s cousin) 83, 225

  Incledon, Mary (JRRT’s cousin) 83, 225

  and Nevbosh 15

  Incledon, May (JRRT’s aunt) 83

  Incledon, Walter (JRRT’s uncle) 83

  Indian Civil Service 57

  Indo-European 15, 60, 96, 98

  Ing (in Germanic legend) 34

  Ingil (Inwë’s son) 126; Ingilmo 127

  Ingilnórë (England) 126

  Ingwë (in the ‘Silmarillion’) 228

  Inklings 282

  Invincible, HMS 142

  Inwë (Elven king over the sea) 126, 228

  Inweli (royal house of fairies) 126; see also Teleri

  Inwinórë (‘Faëry’) 80, 126

  Ireland 141, 273

  Eriu 96

  Home Rule 22, 230

  irony 124, 137, 262, 267-8, 271, 302-5, 309

  Irminsûl (Germanic totem) 98

  Jellicoe, Admiral Sir John (British Grand Fleet commander) 78

  Johnson, Dr Samuel 81, 101

  Jutland, Battle of (1916) 142, 146 Kalevala (Finnish epic) 25-6, 50-1, 52, 53, 59, 60, 85, 123, 213, 215, 231, 241, 254, 272

  Kalimban (Germany) 128

  kalimbardi

  (1) Germans 128

  (2) goblins 218 and fn.

  Kampo 63; see also Eärendel

  Karkaras (wolf of Angband) 263, 265

  Keats, John 13, 82

  ‘Ode to a Nightingale’ 89

  Kempson, Valentine Harold (11th LF adjutant) 172, 206

  Kendrick, Mrs (EMT’s landlady) 134

  Kershaw (11th LF batman) 171

  King, Estelle 100, 101, 115, 116, 146

  King, Wilson (former U.S. consul) 100

  King Edward’s Horse 24-5

  King Edward’s School, Birmingham 5, 12, 13, 16, 18

  anthem 22

  Chronicle 8, 20, 23, 25, 27, 28, 52, 249

  classicism 19fn., 290

  debating society 21-2, 27, 183

  Greek Plays 18

  houses (Measures’, Richards’) 4-5, 6, 7, 20, 106

  Library 5, 6, 25, 27, 78-9

  Literary Society 5

  Officer Training Corps 21, 22-4

  Old Edwardians 14, 31, 41, 182, 183, 185, 206

  rugby 3, 4-5, 6-8, 18, 32

  Sports Day 156

  war casualties 250 and fn.

  Kipling, Rudyard 93

  Kirkby, W. H. (KES master) 23

  Kitchener, Lord Horatio 23, 37, 40, 42, 143

  Koivië-néni 241; see also Waters of Awakening

  Kôr (capital of Elvenhome) 78, 79-81, 83, 91, 107, 108, 113, 126, 213, 216, 226, 227, 241, 259, 260, 272, 294

  in Haggard’s She 78-80

  Kortirion (Warwick) 107, 108, 109, 110, 126, 187, 207fn., 226, 228; see also ‘Kortirion among the Trees’ under Tolkien, J. R. R., poetry

  Kullervo 26, 241; see The Story of Kullervo under Tolkien, J. R. R., stories

  La Boisselle, France 161, 163, 164, 166, 167, 295

  battle for 154, 155, 158

  Laketown 308

  Lamps (that light the world) 258, 259

  Lancashire Fusiliers

  3rd (Reserve) Battalion 232, 234, 235, 239

  11th (Service) Battalion xii, 144, 147-50, 152, 157-8, 161-7, 168, 170-3, 176 and fn., 178-9, 188-90, 191-5, 196-201, 206, 239, 245, 246, 294, 295

  13th (Reserve) Battalion 88, 89, 93-5, 103-4, 114-15, 190

  19th (Service) Battalion (‘3rd Salford Pals’) 64fn., 67, 68-9, 82, 89, 101, 103, 110-12, 118, 119, 154, 159-60, 161, 177, 178, 209, 210, 245, 246, 295

  Lang, Andrew: Fairy Books 13, 77, 263

  Larkin, Philip 21

  Latin 4, 13, 14, 16, 18, 22, 30, 52, 184

  Leeds University 278

  Le Havre, France 111, 205

  Leipzig Salient, France 159, 160, 163, 188

  Lemminkäinen 25, 51

  Lenin, V. I. 223, 242

  Le Touquet: Duchess of Westmorland Hospital 201, 205

  Lewis, C. S. 281-2, 290, 311, 312

  Lichfield, Earls of 103, 134

  Lichnowsky, Prince Karl Max (German ambassador) 37

  limpë (fairy drink) 126

  Lincolnshire Regiment, 10th Battalion (Grimsby Chums) 153

  Lindo (Elf of the Cottage of Lost Play) 225, 227

  Lindrick Camp, Yorkshire 82

  Lirillion (first half of January) 128fn. Lirillo (Vala of song) 126, 128

  London 23, 104-5, 133, 143

  Routh Road, Wandsworth 47, 57, 58, 105

  Lonely Isle 127-8; see also under Tolkien, J. R. R., poetry

  Lönnrot, Elias: Kalevala 50-1

  Loos, Battle of (1915) 102

  The Lord of the Rings, see under Tolkien, J.R.R., stories

  Lórien Olofantur (Vala of dreams) 241, 256, 262

  Loseby, Geoffrey (11th LF subaltern) 171

  Lothlórien 228

  Loyal North Lancashires, 9th Battalion 148, 198

  Louvain, destruction of 41, 133

  Lucas, Frank Laurence 56-7

  Tragedy: Serious drama in relation to Aristotle’s Poetics 306

  Mabinogion 7, 55, 122, 195, 213, 236, 296

  Macaulay, Thomas Babington: Lays of Ancient Rome 20, 229, 230, 290

  Macdonald, Alexander: The Lost Explorers 79

  MacDonald, George

  ‘Curdie’ books 76

  ‘The Fantastic
Imagination’ 77

  The Princess and the Goblin 13, 77

  Machen, Arthur: ‘The Bowmen’ 86

  machines 43, 165, 190-1, 220-3, 300, 308, 311

  Mailly-Maillet, France 173

  Makar (Vala of battle) 125, 128, 257

  Manchester Regiment, 2nd Battalion 117fn.

  Mandos

  (1) hell 127

  (2) Vala of death 241, 256, 265, 283

  manimuinë (Purgatory) 127

  Manning, Frederic: The Middle Parts of Fortune 299

  Manwë (chief of the Valar) 241, 256, 257, 266; see also Súlimi

  Marlowe, Christopher 81

  Marsh, Edward (ed.): Georgian Poetry 64

  Marston Green, Warwickshire (Gilson family home) 95, 101, 102, 156

  Mar Vanwa Tyalieva 225, 228; see also Cottage of Lost Play

  Masefield, John: The Old Front Line 163

  Mash Valley, France 154, 161, 164

  Mavwin (mother of Túrin Turambar) 266, 268

  Méassë (Vala of slaughter) 257

  Measures, A. E. (‘Algy’, KES master) 18

  medievalism 14, 34, 39-40, 121, 244, 288-92; see also Middle Ages

  Meglin 218, 222, 223

  Melko (fallen Vala) 215, 216, 218, 222-3, 240, 241, 255-8, 260, 264, 266, 268, 269, 271, 272, 275, 277, 294, 300, 305; Melkor 222; Morgoth 222, 236

  Mellor, R.: ‘Ode to a Fullerphone’ 192fn. Men (mortals, humans) 35, 48, 74, 75, 76, 86, 94, 95-100, 121, 123, 126, 127, 215, 217, 219, 258, 269-70, 272, 273-7, 296-7

  Mercia (Anglo-Saxon kingdom) 95

  Meril-i-Turinqi (Elf-queen of the Lonely Isle) 228

  Messines, Battle of (1917) 239

  Metcalfe, John Christian Prideaux

  Eamonson (11th LF officer) 172, 190, 198, 295

  Middle-earth xi, 3-4, 39, 113, 236, 258fn., 287, 289, 293, 299, 304, 309

  Middangeard (Old English) 43, 44

  Middle Ages 251, 256

  Middle English 15, 51-2, 63, 64, 278

  Mielikki 25

  Milne, A. A. 114

  Milford-on-Sea, Hampshire 283, 284

  Milton, John 13, 221, 296, 298, 306

  Paradise Lost 50, 255

  Minas Tirith 312

  Minden, Battle of (1759) 68, 173, 192, 239, 240

  miruvórë (divine drink) 97, 126

  Mitton, Mabel (née Tolkien; JRRT’s aunt) 207

  Mitton, Thomas Ewart (JRRT’s cousin) 207, 250

  Mitton, Tom (JRRT’s uncle) 207

  modernism 288, 290, 291, 293

  Mons, Battle of (1914) 40, 41, 85-6

  Moon 45-6, 60, 65-6, 81, 84, 91, 126-7, 258, 261

  Man in the Moon see Uole-mi-Kume and ‘Why the Man in the Moon came down too soon’ under Tolkien, J.R.R., poetry

  Morannon (Black Gate of Mordor) 310

  Mordor 96, 310

  Morgan, Father Francis (JRRT’s guardian) 12, 16, 29, 48, 129, 138, 242

  Morgoth 39, 222, 236; see also Melko

  Moria 80

  Mormakil (Túrin Turambar) 269

  Morris, William 14, 26, 34, 40, 290, 312

  The Earthly Paradise 185, 224, 296

  The House of the Wolfings 35, 219, 310

  The Life and Death of Jason 35

  The Roots of the Mountains 310

  Volsunga Saga (trs) 35

  The Well at the World’s End 215, 296

  Morris Jones, John: A Welsh Grammar 35

  mortals see Men

  Morton, Major Philip (Cambridgeshires) 155-6, 170 and fn.

  Morwen (Jupiter) 62, 127; see also Voronwë

  Mount Kemmel, Belgium 247

  Mouquet Farm, France 194, 195

  Munday, E. (11th LF adjutant) 206

  Murphy, C. C. R.: History of the Suffolk Regiment 150

  Naffarin (invented language) 16

  Naimi (Eriol’s elven wife) 229

  Napier, A. S. (Oxford professor of Anglo-Saxon) 33

  Nardi (flower fairy) 126 National Observer 93

  nationalism 21, 51-2, 58, 110, 229-30 The Navy Book of Fairy Tales 78

  Neave, Jane (JRRT’s aunt) 41, 44

  Necklace of the Dwarves 271-2

  Neuve-Chapelle, Battle of (1915) 64

  Nevbosh (invented language) 15

  New English Dictionary 249

  Newbolt, Sir Henry: ‘Vitaï Lampada’ 21

  Niëliqi (maiden of the Valar) 125

  Nierninwa (Sirius) 127

  Níniel 267, 268, 269, 270

  Nînin Udathriol (Battle of Unnumbered Tears) 241

  Noldoli (Gnomes; sg. Noldo) 121, 124, 126, 128, 214, 216, 219-20, 221, 259; Noldor (in the ‘Silmarillion’) 213

  Noldomar (land of Gnomes) 126

  Noldor 213

  Noldorin (a Vala) 128, 241, 257fn.; see also Lirillo

  No Man’s Land 147, 155, 248

  Normans 34, 52, 130, 133

  Norse mythology and sagas 5, 33, 34, 86-7, 127, 222, 227, 257, 271

  nostalgia 72, 73, 106, 108, 109, 132, 136, 181, 189, 297-8

  Númenor 53, 236

  Oaritsi (mermaids) 125

  Odin 256, 257

  Oedipus 270

  Officer Training Corps (OTC) see under King Edward’s School and Oxford

  Old English (or Anglo-Saxon) 16, 34, 42, 44-5, 51-2, 96, 220, 277, 278, 291

  Old High German 15

  Old Norse see Icelandic

  Onions, Oliver 311

  Orcs 127, 220, 241, 268-9, 299, 308; see also Goblins

  Orkney Islands 141, 143

  Oromë (huntsman of the Valar) 241, 256

  Orwell, George 300

  Nineteen Eighty-four 223

  Ossë (Vala of the seas) 237, 241, 259

  Ottor Wœfre (Eriol) 225

  Ovillers, France 161, 163-8, 171, 172, 177, 189, 194, 195, 299

  Ovillers Post, France 195, 196, 199

  Owen, Wilfred 117fn., 288, 289, 291, 295, 300, 301, 302, 303, 312

  ‘Anthem for Doomed Youth’ 288

  ‘Dulce et decorum est’ 300-1

  ‘Soldier’s Dream’ 266

  The Owl and the Nightingale (Middle English poem) 64

  Oxford 35, 49, 95, 105, 128, 130, 133, 216, 225, 243, 248, 278, 294

  St John Street 49, 67, 72, 83, 249, 250, 277

  Oxford Magazine 57, 116

  Oxford Poetry 1915 101, 102, 116, 120

  Oxford University 35, 48-9, 57, 68, 82, 131-2; see also Exeter College

  Anglo-German Club 37

  Corpus Christi College 7, 31, 52

  Magdalen College 57, 64, 281

  Merton College 249, 283

  Newdigate Prize 67 and fn.

  Officer Training Corps 24, 37, 50, 83

  war casualties 9, 250

  see also Exeter College

  Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry 48

  8th Battalion 57, 67

  ‘Pals’ battalions 68

  Paracelsus 76

  Paris 129, 147, 189

  Passchendaele, Battle of (‘Third Ypres’, 1917) 239, 250

  Path of Dreams (to Valinor) 227; cf. ‘the magic track’ 73

  Patterson, H. (KES) 250fn.

  Payton, Ralph Stuart (‘the Baby’; TCBS member) 19fn., 27, 31, 57, 68, 110, 182, 250

  Payton, Wilfrid Hugh (‘Whiffy’; TCBS member) 18, 19fn., 21, 23, 27, 55, 57, 182-3

  Penkridge Camp, Cannock Chase 104, 110, 246

  Penmaenmawr, Wales 67, 82

  Peter Pan see Barrie, J. M.

  Pinero, Sir Arthur Wing: The Big Drum 105

  Poetic Edda 33

  Pools of Twilight (scene of battle) 241

  Pope, Alexander 116, 281

  Potts, G. A. (11th LF subaltern) 173

  Pound, Ezra 289, 290, 291

  Pozières, France 172

  Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood 14, 185

  Priestley, J. B. 19, 26

  primitivism 60

  Princess Caroline (troop ship) 111

  Purkiss, Diane: Troublesome Things 292

 
Qenya (invented language) 60, 61-3, 76, 80, 81, 86, 96, 97, 98, 107, 112, 123, 124-5, 212-13, 218, 220, 225, 228fn., 247, 255

  Ramandor 125; see also Makar

  Ranon (JRRT) 207fn.

  ‘Rapunzel’ 263

  Reade, Father Vincent (Birmingham) 40, 94

  Rednal, Worcestershire 12, 72

  Regina Trench, France 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 247

  Reynard the Fox 263

  Reynolds, Richard William (‘Dickie’; KES master) 13, 76, 93, 101, 120, 279, 280, 290

  Reynolds, Lt W. H. (11th LF and 74th Bde signals officer) 144, 158, 171, 176fn.

  Rickettsia quintana 200

  Rivendell 255

  Roberts, Earl Frederick 23

  Rodothlim (a Gnomish people) 267, 269

  Roman Catholicism 5, 12, 33, 36, 41, 121, 157, 251

  romance 14, 35, 47, 85, 215, 218, 219, 288, 290, 296, 302, 305, 312

  Romans 15, 219, 229, 310

  Romanticism 5, 28, 35, 36, 47, 51, 62, 64, 105, 122, 216, 229, 261, 288, 290, 294, 299

  Roos, Holderness 234, 237, 238, 240, 242, 261

  Rowson, Stanley (11th LF subaltern) 193

  Royal Defence Corps, 9th Battalion 243, 245

  Royal Engineers 165, 172, 178, 207

  Royal Field Artillery 57, 111

  Royal Irish Rifles, 2nd Battalion 149, 157, 164, 167, 168, 197, 198

  Royal Warwickshire Regiment

  1/5th Battalion (Charles Carrington’s) 162, 167-8, 299

  14th Battalion (1st Birmingham Battalion) 41 and fn., 48, 57, 68, 182-3

  16th Battalion (3rd Birmingham Battalion) 41 and fn., 48, 68, 182fn.

  Ruamórë 127; ‘home of Night’ 53

  Ruan Minor, Cornwall 40

  Rubempré, France 148

  Rugeley Camp, Cannock Chase 103

 

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