by Charles Ross
Monypenny, William, (i)n, (ii)n, (iii), (iv)n
More, Sir Thomas, his view of Edward IV, (i); on Edward’s appearance, (i); on influence of Hastings, (i); on Edward’s love of pleasure, (i); and of women, (i); on the Wood villes, (i), (ii)n, (iii); on Edward’s attitude to common people, (i); on his reputation, (i)
Morley, Lord, see Lovel
Mortimer, Anne, (i)
Mortimer, Edmund, earl of March, (i)n, (ii)
Mortimer’s Gross, battle of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Morton, John, master of the rolls, bishop of Ely, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi)
Mountfort, Sir Osbert, (i)
Mountjoy, Lord, see Blount
Mowbray, Anne, wife of Richard of Shrewsbury, (i), (ii), (iii)n, (iv)n
Mowbray, John, 3rd duke of Norfolk (d. 1461), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Mowbray, John, 4th duke of Norfolk (d. 1476), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n, (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii); earl marshal of England, (i)
Namur, (i), (ii)
Nancy, (i)
Naples, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); see also Ferdinand
Narbonne, archbishop of, no; vicomte de, (i)
Naworth Castle, (i), (ii)
Needwood, (i)
Nele, Brian, (i)
Nemours, Jacques, duc de, (i)
Nene, river, (i)
Netherlands, the, (i), (ii), (iii)
Neuss, (i)
Nevers, county of, (i)
Nevill family, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)n, (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii)
Nevill, Alice, (i)
Nevill, Anne, princess of Wales, duchess of Gloucester, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Nevill, Charles, (i)
Nevill, Edward, Lord Abergavenny, (i), (ii), (iii)n
Nevill, George, duke of Bedford, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Nevill, George, Lord Latimer, (i), (ii), (iii)
Nevill, George, bishop of Exeter, archbishop of York, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)n, (vi)n, (vii), (viii), (ix)n, (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii); chancellor of England, (i), (ii), (iii); grants from Edward, (i); fall from favour, (i), (ii), (iii)n, (iv)n; during Readeption, (i), (ii)n; arrest and imprisonment, (i); death, (i); character of, (i); patron of scholars, (i); career, (i)
Nevill, Sir Henry, (i)
Nevill, Sir Humphrey, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Nevill, Isabel, duchess of Clarence, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)
Nevill, John, Lord Montagu, earl of Northumberland, marquis Montagu, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n, (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii); helps subdue the North, (i), (ii), (iii); grants from Edward IV, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); continues to support Edward in 1469, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); loses his earldom, (i), (ii); supports Warwick, (i), (ii); during Readeption, (i), (ii); death at Barnet, (i); as warden of East March, (i)
Nevill, John Lord (d. 1461), (i), (ii), (iii)n
Nevill, Katherine, duchess of Norfolk, (i), (ii)
Nevill, Katherine, wife of William, Lord Hastings, (i)
Nevill, Ralph, 1st earl of Westmorland, (i)
Nevill, Ralph, 2nd earl of Westmorland, (i), (ii)
Nevill, Ralph, later 3rd earl of Westmorland, (i)
Nevill, Richard, earl of Salisbury, (i), (ii); warden of West March, (i); wealth and estates in North, (i); marriage to Salisbury heiress, (i); chancellor of England, (i); at 1st battle of St Albans, (i); and Blore Heath, (i); flight and exile in Calais, (i); attainted, (i); invades England, (i); death at Wakefield, (i); interred at Bisham Abbey, (i)
Nevill, Richard, ‘The Kingmaker’, earl of Warwick and Salisbury, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)n, (ix), (x), (xi)n, (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii), (xxix), (xxx), (xxxi), (xxxii); marriage to Beauchamp heiress, (i); income, (i); at 1st battle of St Albans, (i); captain of Calais, (i); in exile at Calais, (i); attainted, (i); emergence as Yorkist leader, (i); defeated at 2nd St Albans, (i); and Edward’s assumption of the throne, (i); and Towton campaign, (i); warden of Scottish Marches, (i), (ii); commands northern campaigns, (i); contemporary opinions as to his power, (i); grants of land and office from Edward, (i), (ii); his marriage plans for Edward, (i), (ii), (iii); attitude to Woodvilles, (i); manifesto, (i); estrangement from Edward, (i), (ii); diplomatic activity, (i); challenge to Edward and its failure (1469), (i); apparent pacification of, (i); involvement in Lincolnshire rebellion, (i), (ii); extent of support for him (1469–70), (i), (ii); flees the realm, (i); dealings with Louis XI and Margaret of Anjou, (i); returns to England, (i), (ii); and the problems of the Readeption, (i); outmanoeuvred by Edward (1471), (i); death at Barnet, (i)
Nevill, Thomas, Bastard of Fauconberg, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)
Nevill, Thomas, son of the earl of Salisbury (d. 1460), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Nevill, Thomas, (i)
Nevill, William, Lord Fauconberg, earl of Kent, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi); steward of the royal household, (i)
Newark, (i), (ii), (iii)
Newbold Revel, (i)n
Newbury, (i)n
Newcastle-on-Tyne, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Newnham Bridge, (i)
Newport Pagnell, manor of, (i)
Nibley Green, battle at, (i), (ii)
Nobility, the English, Edward’s relations with, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii); his peerage creations and promotions, (i); creates ‘court party’ and king’s men amongst, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); and overmighty subjects amongst, (i), (ii); change in policy towards after 1471, (i); his reliance upon, in regional government, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); their power not diminished by his rule, (i), (ii); their privileges, (i); their interference in parliamentary elections, (i); affected by his disregard for inheritance laws, (i); dissensions amongst in 1483 the result of Edward’s policy, (i), (ii), (iii); and livery and maintenance and retaining, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Norfolk, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); sheriffs of, (i), (ii), (iii); M.P.s for, (i); dukes of, see Mowbray; Richard of Shrewsbury
Norham Castle, (i), (ii)
Normandy, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); duke of, see Charles
Norris, Sir William, (i), (ii)n
Northampton, (i), (ii), (iii)
Northampton, battle of, (i), (ii)n, (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Northamptonshire, (i), (ii), (iii)n, (iv), (v)
Northumberland, (i)n, (ii)n, (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)n, (ix), (x), (xi), (xii); earls of, see Percy; Nevill, John
Norton, Thomas, (i), (ii)
Norway, (i)
Norwich, (i), (ii); bishop of, see Goldwell; castle, constable of, (i)
Nottingham, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x); castle, (i), (ii), (iii); constable of, (i); mayor and aldermen of, (i); earl of, see Mowbray; Richard of Shrewsbury
Nottinghamshire, (i)
Nutwell (Devon), (i)
Observant Franciscans, order of, (i)
Offaly, (i)
Ogle, Robert Lord, (i)n
Olney, (i)
Orange, prince of, (i)
Ormond family, (i)
Ormond, Thomas, (i)
Ormond, earl of, see Butler
Oswestry, (i)
Oxford, earls of, see Vere; countess of, see Howard, Elizabeth
Oxford, university of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); colleges: All Souls, (i)n; Balliol, (i); Lincoln, (i); Magdalen, (i)
Oxfordshire, (i), (ii)
Oyer and terminer, commissions of, use by Edward IV, (i), (ii), (iii)
Pakenham, Hugh, (i)
Palmer, Robert, (i)
Panicharo
lla, Johanne Petro, (i)
Papcaster, manor of, (i)
Paris, (i), (ii), (iii)
Parliament, frequency and duration of, (i), (ii); royal management of, (i); interference in elections to, (i); royal servants in, (i); speakers of, (i); legislation in, (i), (ii); and taxation, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); and problem of law and order, (i); mercantilism of, (i); parliament of 1459, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); of 1460, (i); of 1461, (i), (ii); of 1463–5, (i), (ii), (iii); of 1467–8, (i), (ii), (iii); of 1469, (i); of 1472–5, (i), (ii), (iii)n, (iv); of 1478, (i); of 1483, (i); of 1484, (i)n
Parr, Sir John, (i)n, (ii)
Parr, Sir William, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Paston family, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv)
Paston, Clement, (i)n
Paston, John, senior, (i), (ii)
Paston, Sir John, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Paston, John, the younger, (i)n, (ii)n, (iii), (iv), (v)
Paston, Margaret, (i)
Payne, John, senior, (i)
Pembroke, (i), (ii); castle of, (i), (ii)n, (iii)n, (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Pembroke, earls of, see Tudor, Jasper; Herbert, William
Pendragon, (i)
Penrith Castle, (i)
Percy family, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n, (v), (vi)n, (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)
Percy, Henry, 2nd earl of Northumberland (d. 1455), (i), (ii), (iii)
Percy, Henry, 3rd earl of Northumberland (d. 1461), (i), (ii) and n, (iii), (iv), (v)
Percy, Henry, 4th earl of Northumberland (d. 1489), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); restored to his earldom by Edward IV, (i), (ii), (iii); aids Edward in 1471, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); warden of the East March, (i)n, (ii); grants to, (i) and n; relations with Gloucester, (i), (ii), (iii); and the invasion of France, (i); and the war with Scotland, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Percy, Henry, 5th earl of Northumberland, (i)n
Percy, Ralph, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Percy, Richard, (i)
Percy, Thomas, Lord Egremont, (i), (ii)
Péronne, (i), (ii), (iii); treaty of, (i), (ii)
Perrers, Alice, mistress of Edward III, (i)
Peverell, honour of, (i)n
Philip the Good, duke of Burgundy, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); Warwick’s negotiations with, (i); troops aid Edward at Towton, (i), (ii)n; French plans to poison him, (i); urges Mary of Guelders to aid Edward, (i); attempts rapprochement between Edward and Louis, (i); his embargo on English cloth, (i); death, no; his library, (i), (ii); his patronage, (i); mistresses, (i); commercial relations with England, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Philip of Burgundy, son of Mary and Maximilian, (i), (ii), (iii)
Philip, Matthew, (i)
Philippa, queen of Portugal, daughter of John of Gaunt, (i)n
Picardy, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Pickering, honour of, (i), (ii), (iii)
Picquigny, (i); treaty of, (i), (ii), (iii); (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
Pike, John, (i)
Pilkington, Sir John, (i)
Pilkington, Thomas, (i)
Piracy, see under Edward IV
Pisa, (i)
Plomer, Robert, (i)
Plommer, Sir John, (i), (ii)
Plumpton family, (i)
Plump ton, Sir William, (i)
Pocklington, (i)
Poitiers, Diane de, (i)
Pole, John de la, 2nd duke of Suffolk, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n, (v), (vi)n, (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii)n, (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx)
Pole, William de la, 1st duke of Suffolk, (i), (ii)
Pontefract, (i), (ii); castle, (i), (ii); honour and lordship, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); priory, (i)
Popes: Pius II, (i), (ii)n, (iii), (iv); Paul II, (i); Sixtus IV, (i), (ii)
Portaleyn, (i)
Portchester Castle, (i)
Porter, John, (i)n
Portinari, Thomas de, (i)n
Porto Pisano, (i)
Portsmouth, (i), (ii)
Portugal, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v); Pedro of, (i); see also Isabella; John II; Philippa
Powderham, (i)n
Poynings, (i)
Prout, Thomas, (i)
Puissant, Pierre, (i)
Quint, a petty captain, (i)
Radcliffe, James, (i)
Radcliffe, John, styled Lord FitzWalter, (i)
Radcliffe, Robert, (i), (ii)
Radford, Nicholas, (i), (ii)
Raglan Castle, (i), (ii); lordship, (i)
Ravenspur, (i), (ii)
Ravensworth (Yorks.), (i)
Reading, (i); abbey of, (i)
Recoinage, of 1464–5, (i), (ii)
Redesdale, see Robin of
Redman, Edmund, (i)
Redman, Sir Richard, (i)n
Réné, king of Anjou, (i)
Rennes, (i)
Retford, (i)
Rethel, county of, (i)
Rheims, (i), (ii), (iii)
Richard II, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Richard, duke of York, father of Edward IV, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii); descent and claim to the throne, (i), (ii); family connections, (i), (ii); estates and income, (i); in politics of 1450s, (i); protector of England, (i); at ‘Rout of Ludford’, (i); flight to Ireland, and ruler of Ireland, (i), (ii); attainted, (i); in 1460, (i), (ii); claims the throne, (i), (ii); killed at Wakefield, (i); character and abilities, (i), (ii)
Richard, duke of Gloucester, later Richard III, brother of Edward IV, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n, (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv) and n, (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix); marriage of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); constable of England, (i); offices in Wales, (i), (ii); loyalty to Edward, (i); trusted by Edward, (i); and rebellion of 1470, (i); in 1471, (i); in exile with Edward, (i); attainted, (i); on 1471 campaigns, (i), (ii), (iii); and the death of Henry VI, (i); chief beneficiary of Edward’s restoration, (i), (ii); his quarrel with Clarence, (i); becomes chief power in North of England, (i); relations with earl of Northumberland, (i), (ii); and the government of the north, (i); king’s lieutenant in north, (i), (ii); his palatine lordship in northwest, (i), (ii)n, (iii); and invasion of France, (i), (ii), (iii); not involved in Clarence’s downfall and death, (i); and the war with Scotland, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv); his northern affinity, (i), (ii); and the crisis of 1483, (i), (ii), (iii)n, (iv); as Richard III, (i)n, (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Richard of Shrewsbury, earl of Nottingham, duke of York and Norfolk, 2nd son of Edward IV, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)n; marriage to Anne Mowbray, (i), (ii), (iii); endowment of, (i)
Richard, son of George, duke of Clarence, (i)
Richmond (Surrey), (i)
Richmond (Yorks.), honour of, (i)n, (ii), (iii)
Richmond, earls of, see Tudor
Richmondshire, (i), (ii)
Ripon, (i)
Riviere, Barthelot de, (i)
Roberti, Nicholas de, (i)n
Robin of Holderness, (i), (ii)
Robin of Redesdale (or Mend-All), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii); see also Conyers, Sir John
Rochester, (i); bishop of, (i), (ii)n; see also Rotherham, Thomas; Russell, John; Audley, Edmund; Alcock, John
Rockingham Castle, (i)
Rogers, Thomas, (i)
Rome, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Roos family, (i)
Roos, Sir Henry, (i)
Roos, John Lord, (i)n
Roos, Margery Lady, (i)
Roos, Thomas Lord, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)n, (viii)
Ross, earl of, see MacDonald
Rosse, William, (i)
Rotherham, (i)
Rotherham, Thomas, bishop of Rochester, archbishop of York, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii); chancellor of England, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Rouen, (i), (ii), (iii)n, (iv)n, (v)
Rougement-Grey, Thomas Lord, (i)
Rous, John, (i)n, (ii)
Roux, Olivier le, (i)n
Roxburgh, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Roy, Pierre le, (i)
Royston, (i)
Rozmital, Leo of, (i)
Russell, John, bishop of Rochester and Lincoln, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); keeper of the privy seal, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Rutland, (i)n, (ii)
St Albans, (i); 1st battle of, (i), (ii); 2nd battle of, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
St Andrews, bishop of, see Kennedy, James
St Asaph, bishop of, (i)n
St Bartholomew, Smithfield, prior of, (i)n
St Briavels, (i)n
St Bridget of Sweden, (i)
St Catherine of Siena, (i)
St Christ-sur-Somme, (i)
St David’s, bishop of, see Tully, Robert; Martin, Richard
St John of Jerusalem, Hospital of, knights of, (i)n, (ii); priors of, see Langstrother; Tournay
St Leger, Anne, (i)
St Leger, Thomas, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)n, (vii)
St Maur, treaty of, (i)
St Michael’s Mount, (i), (ii), (iii)
St Omer, (i), (ii), (iii)
St Osyth, (i)
St Paul’s Cathedral, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi); Cross, (i)
St Pol, (i), (ii); counts of, see Luxembourg
St Quentin, (i), (ii)
Salisbury, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii); bishop of, see Beauchamp, Richard; Woodville, Lionel
Salisbury, earls of, see Nevill, Richard; George; Edward
Salkeld, Richard, (i), (ii)
Salvo, John de, (i)
Sandal Castle, (i), (ii), (iii)
Sanderico, James de, (i)
Sandwich, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv)
Savoy, duchy of, (i)
Savoy, Bona of, (i), (ii)
Savoy, Charlotte of; see Charlotte, queen of France
Savoy, Philip of, (i)
Saxton, (i)
Say, Sir John, speaker of the commons, (i), (ii); chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, (i)
Say, William, Lord Say and Sele, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Scales, Lord, see Woodville, Anthony
Scales, Elizabeth, (i), (ii)
Scales, Thomas Lord, (i)
Scarborough, (i)
Scotland, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)n, (viii)n, (ix), (x), (xi)n, (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii), (xxiii), (xxiv), (xxv), (xxvi), (xxvii), (xxviii); see also Alexander; James; Mary of Guelders
Scott, Sir John, (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)