Scaramanga, J. 2013. “Darwin Inspired Hitler: Lies They Teach in Texas.” Salon, October 25. http://www.salon.com/2013/10/25/christian_textbooks_darwin_inspired_hitler/.
Schlitz, M., et al. 2012. “Distant Healing of Surgical Wounds: An Exploratory Study.” Explore 8:223–30.
Scott, E. C. 1996. “Creationism, Ideology and Science.” Annals of the New York Academy of Science 775:505–22.
Sheehan, S., K. Harris, and Y. S. Song. 2013. “Estimating Variable Effective Population Sizes from Multiple Genomes: A Sequentially Markov Conditional Sampling Distribution Approach.” Genetics 194:647–62.
Shelley, P. B. 1915 [1813]. The Necessity of Atheism. In Selected Prose Works of Shelley. London: Watts & Co.
Shermer, M. 2002. Why People Believe Weird Things: Pseudoscience, Superstition, and Other Confusions of Our Time. New York: Henry Holt.
———. 2012. The Believing Brain: From Ghosts and Gods to Politics and Conspiracies; How We Construct Beliefs and Reinforce Them as Truths. New York: St. Martin’s Griffin.
———. 2013. “Science and Pseudoscience: The Difference in Practice and the Difference It Makes.” In Philosophy of Pseudoscience: Reconsidering the Demarcation Problem, edited by M. Pigliucci and M. Boudry, pp. 203–23. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Siegel, E. 2013. “How Many Planets Are in the Universe?” Starts with a Bang. http://scienceblogs.com/startswithabang/2013/01/05/how-many-planets-are-in-the-universe/.
Singer, P. 1981. The Expanding Circle: Ethics and Sociobiology. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux.
Small, J. 2011. “The Common Ground Between Science and Religion.” Huffington Post, August 30. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jeffrey-small/the-battle-between-science-and-religion_b_938045.html.
Smith, T. 2012. “Beliefs About God Across Time and Countries.” NORC/University of Chicago. www.norc.org/PDFs/Beliefs_about_God_Report.pdf.
Sniegowski, P. D. 1995. “The Origin of Adaptive Mutants: Random or Nonrandom?” Journal of Molecular Evolution 40:94–101.
Solt, F., P. Habel, and J. T. Grant. 2011. “Economic Inequality, Relative Power and Religiosity.” Social Science Quarterly 92:447–65.
Spufford, F. 2012. “Dear Atheists . . .” New Humanist 127:34–36.
Stark, R. 2001. One True God: Historical Consequences of Monotheism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
———. 2005. The Victory of Reason: How Christianity Led to Freedom, Capitalism, and Western Success. New York: Random House.
Stauth, C. 2013. In the Name of God: The True Story of the Fight to Save Children from Faith-Healing Homicide. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Stenger, V. 2007. God: The Failed Hypothesis; How Science Shows That God Does Not Exist. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Stenmark, M. 2012. “How to Relate Christian Faith and Science.” In The Blackwell Companion to Science and Christianity, edited by J. B. Stump and A. G. Padgett, pp. 63–73. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
Sullivan, A. 2011. “Must the Story of the Fall Be True?” The Dish. http://dish.andrewsullivan.com/2011/10/05/must-the-story-of-the-fall-be-true/.
Swan, R., and D. Swan. 1988. “Christian Science Parents Charged with Negligent Homicide in Arizona.” Children’s Healthcare Is a Legal Duty, Inc., newsletter, Summer.
Swinburne, R. 2004. The Existence of God. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
———. 2012. “Arguments to God from the Observable Universe.” In The Blackwell Companion to Science and Christianity, edited by J. B. Stump and A. G. Padgett, pp. 119–29. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
Tavris, C., and E. Aronson. 2007. Mistakes Were Made (But Not by Me). Orlando: Harcourt.
Thompson, J. J. 1976. “Killing, Letting Die, and the Trolley Problem.” Monist 59:204–17.
Trivers, R. 2011. The Folly of Fools: The Logic of Deceit and Self-Deception in Human Life. New York: Basic Books.
Tunggal, S. 2013. “Collaboration, Big Data, and the Search for the Higgs Boson.” Transcript of talk by Andrzej Nowak, CERN openlab. http://www.slideshare.net/sumatunggal/collaboration-big-data-and-the-search-for-the-higgs-boson.
United States Catholic Conference. 1994. Catechism of the Catholic Church. http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/_INDEX.HTM.
van Biema, D. 1998. “Faith or Healing?” Time, August 31, pp. 68–69.
Voltaire and F.-M. Arouet. 1763. The Works of M. de Voltaire. Translated from the French with Notes, Historical and Critical. Vol. 26. London: Newbery, Baldwin, Johnson, Crowder Davies, Coote, Kearsley, and Collins.
Wallace, A. R. 1870. The Limits of Natural Selection as Applied to Man. Contributions to the Theory of Natural Selection. A Series of Essays. London and New York: Macmillan & Co.
Weaver, M. 2014. “Archbishop of Canterbury Admits Doubts About Existence of God.” Guardian, September 18. http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2014/sep/18/archbishop-canterbury-doubt-god-existence-welby.
Weinberg, S. 1999. “A Designer Universe.” New York Review of Books 46:46–48.
Whitaker, B. 2007. “Is There a Doctor in the Mosque?” Guardian, “Comment Is Free,” May 11. http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2007/may/11/doctorinthemosque.
White, A. D. 1932 [1896]. A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom. 2 vols. New York: D. Appleton & Co.
White, J. 2012. “Jesus Wept: A Skeptic Faces Possible Charges for Debunking Mumbai’s Miracle Statue.” Slate, July 7. http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/new_scientist/2012/07/a_statue_of_jesus_oozing_holy_water_an_indian_skeptic_debunks_miracle.html.
Whitehead, A. N. 1925. Science and the Modern World. New York: Macmillan.
Whiting, B. 1989a. “Parents Draw Probation in Girl’s Death.” Arizona Republic, September 27, pp. A1, A6.
———. 1989b. “Plea Deal Lets Pair Avoid Felony.” Arizona Republic, September 2, pp. B1, B5.
Wieland, C. 2000. “But the Bible’s Not a Science Textbook, Is It?” Creation.com. http://creation.com/but-the-bibles-not-a-science-textbook-is-it.
Wieseltier, L. 2013. “Crimes Against Humanities: Now Science Wants to Invade the Liberal Arts. Don’t Let It Happen.” New Republic, September 3. http://www.newrepublic.com/article/114548/leon-wieseltier-responds-steven-pinkers-scientism.
Wigner, E. 1960. “The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences.” Communications in Pure and Applied Mathematics 13:1–14.
Wilson, E. O. 1975. Sociobiology: The New Synthesis. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
———. 1998. Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge. New York: Knopf.
Zuckerman, P. 2010. Society Without God: What the Least Religious Nations Can Tell Us About Contentment. New York: New York University Press.
INDEX
The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of this book. To find the corresponding locations in the text of this digital version, please use the “search” function on your e-reader. Note that not all terms may be searchable.
abortion, 242
abstinence-based education, 242
accommodationism, xv, 97–112
blaming religious harm on social problems, 53
and declining religious affiliation, 11, 16–17
Eastern faiths and, 75, 105–6
as harmful to science, 226–28
logical and mental compatibility arguments for, 99–100
NOMA argument, xviii, 4, 64–65, 106–12, 196, 226
overviews, xviii–xix, 95–96, 97–98
political reasons for, 98, 138
psychological reasons for, 97–98, 138
religion’s privileged position, xviii, 10
“science doesn’t deal with the supernatural” argument, 112–20
scientists as promoters of, 6–9, 18–20, 93–94, 99–100
syncretic arg
uments for, 100–106
Templeton Foundation’s influence, 8, 14, 17–20
See also natural theology; theistic evolution; ways of knowing
Adam and Eve’s historicity, 124–31
belief in, 55–58, 109, 124, 126
disproof of, 126–28
religious reactions to disproof of, 76–77, 128–31
Adam’s Ancestors (Livingstone), 56
adaptation(s), 77–78, 139, 140, 141–42
convergences, 142–44, 171–72
Adelson, Ted, 180
adoption, 175–76
African Americans
Black Muslim beliefs, 84
in Mormon priesthood, 71
afterlife, 22, 52–53, 80–81, 219, 220
Templeton Foundation’s “Immortality Project,” 19
See also hell; paradise
agnosticism, 9, 12, 16, 98
See also nonbelievers
AIDS, 217
alchemy, 214
Alexander, Denis, 129–30
alternative medicine, 236, 238–39, 250–51
See also homeopathy
altruism, 168, 169, 172–77
American Association for the Advancement of Science, 7, 8–9, 19
American Bible Challenge, The (television show), 20
Amorth, Gabriele, 237–38
angels, literal belief in, 53, 58
Angier, Natalie, 26, 64
animal behavior, 171–72, 175–76, 184–85
anthropic principle (fine-tuning argument), xix, 21, 156, 159, 160–66, 227
apologetics, 66–67, 75, 77–81, 88–89, 153
apostasy, 11, 62, 85, 119–20, 251–52
Aquinas, 55, 57–58, 215
archaeology, 32, 39
Armstrong, Karen, 49
art history, 39–40
arts and humanities, xxi, 185–86, 190–94, 258, 261
science’s relationship with, 198, 199–200, 201
Aslan, Reza, 43, 44, 55
Asser, Seth, 232
assisted dying, 243–45
atheism
atheists as accommodationists, 98
as crime, 252
in modern Europe, 254, 261
among modern philosophers, 110
New Atheism, xii–xiii, 14, 20–21
public professions of, 98, 99–100
among scientists, xviii, 12–14, 95, 99–100, 216
See also nonbelievers
atheist churches, 261
Atkins, Peter, 72
atomic weapons, 111, 152, 217, 218
Augustine, Saint, 55, 57, 58, 126
Aus, Mike, 128, 151
Australian animals, 142, 143, 149
authoritarianism, 220–21
authority
faith and, 25, 66, 68, 69–72, 186, 209
science and, 65, 70, 72, 205, 208–9
See also scriptural literalism
Ayala, Francisco, 18, 75, 78, 148
Baggini, Julian, 51–52, 59, 62, 198–99
Barbour, Ian, 46, 135–36
Barker, Dan, 209
Beale, Nicholas, 79
beavers, 141
belief. See faith; religiosity; scriptural literalism
“belief in belief” argument, 98, 237, 253–54
Benedict XVI, Pope, 71, 75
Berlinski, David, xiv
Bernstein, Andrew, 58, 214–15
Besra, Monica, 117
Better Angels of Our Nature, The (Pinker), 170
Bible
historicity of biblical events, 44–45, 90–91
immorality in, 189
scientific test in First Book of the Kings, 39
See also biblical literalism; biblical scholarship; specific Bible stories and claims
biblical literalism, xiii, 49–53
cherry-picking, 74–77, 129–30
“scripture is not a textbook” argument, 54–57, 74–75
vs. metaphorical/allegorical interpretations, 44, 54–59, 74–75, 129–30
theologians’ waffling about, 55–57, 62–63
See also Adam and Eve’s historicity; creationism; scriptural literalism; other biblical stories and claims
biblical scholarship, 40, 90, 123–24, 199, 257–58
Big Bang, 28, 32, 146, 245
Biola University, 20
BioLogos Foundation, 8, 19, 46
Black Muslim beliefs, 84
Blank Slate, The (Pinker), 169, 172
blasphemy, 70
blood transfusions, 232
Bloom, Paul, 172
blue tits, 184–85
Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, 155
Book of Mormon, 62, 82, 121
books, banned by Catholic Church, 87, 215–16
Boudry, Maarten, 114
Boyer, Pascal, xxii, 182
Boyle, Robert, 99, 214
brain development and complexity. See consciousness; intelligence; reason
brain science. See neuroscience; psychology
Breaking the Spell (Dennett), 21
Briggs, Russ, 262–63
British Centre for Science Education, 98
Brown, Donald, 169
Bruce and Stan’s Pocket Guide to Talking with God (Bickel and Jantz), 49
Bruno, Giordano, 215, 217
Bryan, William Jennings, 2
Buddhism, xvi, 22
Dalai Lama’s accommodationism, 105–6
Bush, George W., 240
Caesar, Julius, 121
Calvin, John, 58, 178
Cambridge University’s Faraday Institute for Science and Religion, 19, 129
capuchin monkeys, 171
Carrier, Richard, 214
Carroll, Sean, 165, 188
Catholicism and Catholic Church
adherence to monogenism and the historicity of Adam and Eve, 55–56, 126, 128–29
antipathy for reason and curiosity, 68–69
believers’ rejections of church positions, 43
evidence standard for miracles, 116–17
exorcism, 237–38
on impossibility of faith/science conflict, 9–10
Index Librorum Prohibitorum, 87, 215–16
moral code of, 22
National Catholic Almanac on God’s attributes, 48
Nicene Creed, 49–51, 70–71
position on euthanasia, 244–45
position on evolution, 43, 61, 132, 133, 136–37
position on mandatory HPV vaccination, 242
sources and purposes of Catholic dogma, 70–71
suppression of scientific inquiry, 2, 3, 5, 215–16, 217
transubstantiation, 61, 84
Vatican observatory, 69, 250
Vatican’s authority, 70
certainty, 30, 37–38, 80, 195, 219–20
See also doubt; faith
checker-shadow illusion, 180
chemistry, alchemy vs., 214
cherry-picking, 74–77, 129–30
child abuse and neglect, religious legal exemptions for, 231, 234–35
childbirth, medical neglect and, 232–33, 236, 262–63
children, medical neglect and, 229–34, 236, 237, 262–63
chimpanzees, 171, 185
China, ancient, science in, 212, 214, 215
Christian fundamentalism, 14, 88, 110
Christianity, xvi
fundamental claims of, 44–45, 54
seen as progenitor of science, 211–17
See also Bible; Catholicism; faith; heresy; religion entries; specific Christian beliefs, claims, and tenets
Christian Science, 22, 83, 108, 229�
��32, 234, 237
Clarke, Arthur C., 119
Clergy Letter Project, 8
climate change denial, xix–xx, 245–50, 251
Clinton, Bill, 240
cognition, human. See consciousness; intelligence; learning; reason
cognitive dissonance, 97, 123
Cohen, Nick, 218
Collins, Francis, 8, 99–100
on acceptance of physical laws as form of faith, 204–5
on “god of the gaps” arguments, 155–56
on morality as evidence for God, 168, 226
on religion as another way of knowing, 185
on religious claims as truth claims, 46
on theistic evolution, 78
Conan Doyle, Arthur, 223
confirmation bias, 29, 116, 123–24, 180, 238
See also counterevidence
Confucianism, 65
consciousness, 15, 156, 158
See also intelligence
consequentialism, 189–90
Consolmagno, Guy, 250, 259
Constantine I, emperor of Rome, 70
consubstantiation, 84
continental drift, 223, 224
convergences, 142–44, 171–72
Conway Morris, Simon, 100, 142–43
Cornell, Ezra, 3
Cornell University, 3
Cornwall Alliance for the Stewardship of Creation, 248–49
cosmology, 32–33, 37, 162, 163
See also Big Bang; universe
counterevidence, dismissal of, 10, 72–74
apologetics and rationalization, 66–67, 75, 77–81, 88–89, 153, 157
cherry-picking, 74–77, 129–30
global-warming denialism and, 246–47, 250
interpreting scripture as metaphor, 44, 54–59, 74–75, 129–30
making theological virtues of scientific explanations, 66–67, 77–78
and willingness to abandon faith, xiv–xv, 119–20
See also confirmation bias; falsifiability
counterevidence, in science. See doubt; falsifiability
Cowdery, Oliver, 121
Craig, William Lane, 73, 165–66
creationism
before Dawin, 92, 154
extent of belief in, xviii, 8–9, 59–60, 110
faith as explanation for, xiv, 60–61
and NOMA argument, 108, 109–10
as nonnegotiable belief, 61, 125
public education and, 2, 5, 7, 14–15
recent upsurge in, 14–15
scientific creationism, 14, 103–4
Faith Versus Fact : Why Science and Religion Are Incompatible (9780698195516) Page 39