Wellington and Waterloo
Page 29
Ironically, it was a French visitor to the battlefield in 1829 who reflected on the incongruity that, ‘Wellington alone disdained to erect column or obelisk to eternalize his glory; iron and marble yield to time, whereas the victory itself will remain his everlasting monument.’ Monsieur Saintine would have been amazed to learn that the Duke’s role would be marginalised during the commemorative events of 2015. Wellington’s countrymen continue to know him best as an item of footwear. At least they have heard of him. Not so, apparently, many of the Japanese or Korean visitors who today number amongst the 250,000 or so annual visitors to Waterloo. The attraction for them is Napoleon. Belgians too, therefore, for commercial as well as cultural and historic reasons, look more fondly on the Emperor than the Duke. The latter lacks the wide appeal of Churchill amongst Europeans as a standard bearer in the cause of freedom. For a generation and more now, Wellington has been the intermittent target of some Belgian deputies who would like to see an end to the annuity paid to him and his descendants since 1817. Whether he would react with indifference, amusement or irritation to these facts is impossible to say: probably all three, depending upon mood and who was asking the question. And yet the Duke, who liked simplicity, provided only days after the battle as good an epitaph on it (as well as a revealing insight into his own character), as any that would be suggested in the following two hundred years: ‘It is a bad thing to be always fighting.’594
Select Bibliography
The following comprises those titles which I have found the most useful for the present study. Other works used are cited in the notes at the end of each chapter.
Primary Sources
Hartley Library, University of Southampton
Wellington Papers
Broadlands Papers
Parliamentary Debates
Newspapers and Periodicals
Aberdeen Journal
Annual Register
Belfast Newsletter
Birmingham Daily News
Birmingham Daily Post
Blackburn Standard
Bradford Observer
Brighton Patriot
Bristol Mercury
Bury & Norwich Post
Caledonian Mercury
Chartist Circular
Cheshire Observer
Derby Mercury
Dundee Courier
Edinburgh Review
The Era
Essex Standard
The Examiner
Exeter Flying Post
Freeman’s Irish Journal
Glasgow Herald
Hampshire Advertiser
Hampshire Chronicle
Hampshire Telegraph
Hull Packet
Illustrated London News
Ipswich Journal
Lancaster Gazette
Leeds Mercury
Leeds Weekly
Leicester Chronicle
Liverpool Mercury
Lloyd’s Weekly London Newspaper
The London Dispatch
Manchester Times
Morning Chronicle
Morning Post
Newcastle Courant
North Wales Chronicle
North-Eastern Daily Gazette
Northern Star
Nottinghamshire Guardian
Oxford Journal
Pall Mall Gazette
Political Register
Preston Guardian
Punch
Quarterly Review
Royal Cornwall Gazette
Salford City Reporter
Salisbury and Winchester Journal
Sheffield Independent
The Spectator
The Sphere
The Standard
The Times
Worcester Journal
York Herald
Books
Place of publication is London, unless otherwise stated.
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