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The Atlantic and Its Enemies

Page 75

by Norman Stone


  de Castro, Sergio

  de Catalogne, Gérard

  De Gasperi, Alcide

  de Gaulle, Charles:

  and Algerian war

  and Brezhnev

  character

  and demonstrations of 1968

  and eastern Europe

  economic policy

  and EEC

  establishment of Fifth Republic

  and Franco-German relations

  Free French

  at Kennedy’s funeral

  leadership style

  memoirs

  and Nixon’s China visit

  reputation

  resignation

  resistance to American domination

  state visit to London (1962)

  and USSR

  vetoes Britain’s membership of EEC

  on Vietnam

  withdrawal of France from NATO military command

  Dean, James

  Dearborn, Michigan

  Debray, Régis

  Debré, Michel

  Debrecen

  Dejoie, Louis

  Delaunay, Robert and Sonia

  Delors, Jacques

  Delors Plan

  Demirel, Süleyman

  Democratic Party (United States)

  Deng Xiaoping

  Denktaş, Rauf

  Denmark

  Depardieu, Gérard

  Depression (1930s)

  Dersim

  Dessalines, Jean-Jacques

  détente

  Deutsche Bank

  development economics

  Dewey, John

  Diana, Princess of Wales

  Dictatorship of the Proletariat

  Diem, Ngo Dinh

  Dien Bien Phu, battle of (1954)

  Dimitrov, Georgy

  DINA (Chilean secret police)

  Disneyland

  divorce

  Diyarbakır

  Djerassi, Carl

  Dobi, István

  ‘Doctors’ plot’ (1952)

  Dodge, Joseph

  Doğramacı, Ali

  Doğramacı, İhsan

  Dollfuss, Engelbert

  Donetsk (Yuzovka)

  Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, Demons

  Douglas-Home, Charles

  Dowd, Mohammed

  Downfall (Der Untergang; film)

  ‘downsizing’

  Dr Zhivago (film)

  Drake, Sir Francis

  Drtina, Prokop

  drug use

  Dubček, Alexandr

  Dukakis, Michael

  Dulles, Allen

  Dulles, John Foster

  Dumont, René

  Dunkirk, Treaty of (1947)

  DuPont (corporation)

  Durham

  Dutschke, Rudi

  Duvalier, François ‘Papa Doc’

  Duvalier, Jean-Claude ‘Baby Doc’

  E

  East Berlin:

  access agreements with West

  government of

  life in

  Soviet-style architecture

  uprising of 1953

  war damage see also Berlin Wall

  East Germany (German Democratic Republic):

  collectivization policy

  death of Ulbricht

  emigration to West

  establishment of East German state

  fall of East German state

  life in

  Lutheran Church

  Neues Forum

  ‘New Economic System’

  and Ostpolitik

  and ‘Prague Spring’

  rearmament

  shortages and rationing

  Socialist Unity Party (SED)

  Soviet-style architecture

  Stasi (state security)

  Systemzeit

  television

  treaties with West Germany (1971-2)

  tyranny and repression in

  uprising of 1953

  East Prussia

  Ebbw Vale steel works

  EC see European Community

  ECA see Economic Co-operation Administration

  Ecevit, Bülent

  École Nationale d’Administration (ENA)

  École Normale Supérieure (ENS)

  Economic Co-operation Administration (United States; ECA)

  Economist (newspaper)

  ECSC (European Coal and Steel Community)

  Eczacıbaşı, Nejat F.

  EDC (European Defence Community)

  Eden, Anthony, 1st Earl of Avon

  Eden, Clarissa, Countess of Avon

  EDF (European Defence Force)

  Edwardes, Sir Michael

  EEC see European Economic Community

  Egypt:

  Aswan Dam

  British and French rule

  Camp David accords (1978)

  Copts

  coup of 1952

  foreign aid

  Greek minority

  under Nasser

  Six Day War (1967)

  Soviet support

  Suez crisis

  union with Syria

  Yom Kippur War (1973)

  Ehrlich, Paul, The Population Bomb

  Ehrlichman, John

  Eichengreen, Barry

  Einstein, Albert

  Eisenhower, Dwight D.:

  character

  and China

  and Cuba

  election as President

  and establishment of NATO

  on European military-industrial complex

  and German rearmament

  and Guatemala

  and Khrushchev

  and Korean War

  popularity

  second term

  and Suez crisis

  Eisenhower, Mamie

  Eisler, Gerhart

  Eisler, Hanns

  Elizabeth, Queen

  Ellsberg, Daniel

  Eltis, Walter

  Britain’s Economic Problem

  emigration:

  British

  Chinese

  Irish

  Jewish

  Turkish ‘guest workers’ in Germany

  Emminger, Otmar

  Encounter (magazine)

  Ensslin, Gudrun

  Enver Pasha

  Enzensberger, Hans-Magnus

  EPU (European Payments Union)

  Erasmus, Desiderius

  Erbakan, Necmettin

  Erfurt

  Erhard, Ludwig

  ERM see Exchange Rate Mechanism

  ERP (European Recovery Program) see Marshall Plan

  Erzurum

  Escoffier, Auguste

  Eskişehir

  espionage see spies

  Essen

  Esso (oil company)

  Estonia

  Ethiopia

  Étiemble

  EU see European Union

  eugenics

  Euphrates river

  Euratom (European Atomic Community)

  euro (currency)

  eurodollars

  European Atomic Community (Euratom)

  European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)

  European Commission

  European Community (EC) see also European Economic Community; European Union

  European Council of Ministers

  European Court of Human Rights

  European Court of Justice

  European Defence Community (EDC)

  European Defence Force (EDF)

  European Economic Community (EEC; Common Market)

  British membership

  Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)

  Luxemburg Compromise

  Single European Act

  Turkey’s proposed membership see also European Community; European Union

  European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM)

  European Free Trade Association

  European Monetary Co-operation Fund

  European Monetary System

  European Parliament

  European Payments Union (EPU)

&nb
sp; European Recovery Program see Marshall Plan

  European Union (EU) see also European Community; European Economic Community

  Evian accords (1962)

  Evren, Kenan

  Exchange Rate Mechanism (European; ERM)

  Exxon (oil company)

  F

  Fahd, Prince

  Fairbank, John K.

  Faisal, King of Saudi Arabia

  Falange

  Falin, Valentin

  Falklands War (1982)

  Farkas, Vladimir

  Farrakhan, Louis

  fast food

  Fatsa

  fax machines

  Federal Express (corporation)

  Federal Republic of Germany see West Germany

  Federal Reserve System (United States)

  feminism

  Ferguson, Niall

  Fermi, Enrico

  Ferro, Marc

  Feyzioğlu, Turhan

  Fidelio (opera)

  Fierlinger, Zdeněk

  Fignolé, Daniel

  Financial Times

  ‘Finebel’ (proposed European free-trade area)

  Finer, Samuel

  Finland:

  espionage in

  EU membership

  and Marshall Plan

  more interesting and successful than Sweden

  neutrality

  Second World War

  Soviet bases closed

  territorial losses

  winter war with USSR (1939-40)

  ‘Finlandization’

  Fırat, Abdülmelik

  First World War

  peace treaty

  reparations

  Fischer, Ernst

  Fischer, Fritz

  Fischer, Joschka

  Fischer, Ruth

  ‘Fisherman of Halicarnassus’

  Fitzgerald, Frances

  Fitzwilliam, Peter Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 8th Earl of

  Flaubert, Gustave:

  L’Éducation sentimentale

  Madame Bovary

  Fleming, Ian

  Fleurus, battle of (1794)

  Florida

  Foot, Michael

  football hooliganism

  Ford, Gerald:

  appointment as President

  character

  energy policy

  and human rights

  loses 1976 election

  and Vietnam

  Ford, Glyn

  Ford, Henry

  Ford (automobile manufacturer)

  Ford Foundation

  Forster, E. M.

  Fortunelist

  Foster, William

  Foucault, Michel, Madness and Civilization

  Fouchet, Christian

  Fourier, Charles

  Fowler, Henry

  France:

  agriculture

  aircraft industry

  and Algerian oil

  Algerian war

  aristocracy

  austerity programmes

  automobile industry

  balance of payments

  banking system

  Bibliothèque Nationale

  bicentenary of Revolution

  birth rates

  bourgeoisie

  Catholic Church

  Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

  civil service

  Code Napoléon

  colonies

  Communist Party

  cultural institutions

  currency controls

  Depression (1930s)

  and division of Germany

  economic recovery and success

  education system (see also universities)

  and EEC/EU

  and Egypt

  election of 1958

  and establishment of NATO

  and European Defence Community

  Fifth Republic, establishment of

  film industry

  First World War

  Fourth Republic, fall of

  franc fort

  Franco-German reconciliation

  Free French

  gold reserves

  ‘Grand Schools’

  and Helsinki conference (1975)

  immigration

  imports

  Indo-China war

  industrial unrest

  inflation

  intelligentsia

  and Kurdish nationalism

  and Marshall Plan

  Marxism

  Monnet Plan

  nationalization of industry

  Nazi occupation

  nuclear power

  nuclear weapons

  peasantry

  pieds noirs

  Popular Front

  post-war claims to German resources

  post-war shortages and rationing

  productivity levels

  protectionism

  republicanism

  resistance to American cultural domination

  Revolution (1789-99)

  revolution of 1830

  revolution of 1848

  and Romania

  Second Empire

  and spread of Marxism

  Stavisky scandal (1934)

  steel production

  strikes

  student demonstrations (1968)

  and Suez crisis

  and ‘Swedish model’

  technological developments

  television

  theatre

  Third Republic

  trade unions

  unemployment

  universities

  UNR (Union pour la Nouvelle République)

  Vichy government

  war damage

  withdrawal from NATO military command

  zone of occupation in Germany

  Franco, Francisco

  Frankfurt

  Frankfurt School

  Free Democrats (German; FDP)

  Free French

  freeways

  French Foreign Legion

  French language:

  anglicization of

  attempts to promote

  in Belgium

  French Revolution

  bicentenary

  Friedan, Betty, The Feminine Mystique

  Friedman, Milton

  ‘Fritalux’ (proposed European free-trade area)

  Frum, David

  Fukuyama, Francis, The End of History

  Fulbright, J. William

  Fumaroli, Marc

  G

  G7 (group of industrial nations)

  G10 (group of industrial nations)

  Gaddafi, Muammar al

  Gagarin, Yuri

  Gage, Nicholas, Eleni

  Gaillard, Félix

  Galata

  Galbraith, John Kenneth

  Affluent Society

  Galkovskiy, V. N.

  Galtieri, Leopoldo

  Galtung, Johan

  Galvani, Luigi

  Gandhi, Mahatma

  Gansel, Norbert

  GAP (South-Eastern Anatolia Project)

  Garaudy, Roger

  gas, natural

  Gates, William ‘Bill’

  GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)

  Gaulle, Charles de see de Gaulle, Charles

  Gavras, Costa

  Gdańsk

  Gencer, Leyla

  Genentech (biotechnology corporation)

  General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

  General Electric

  General Motors

  Geneva

  Geneva conference (1954)

  Geneva conference (1958)

  Genghiz Khan

  Genscher, Hans-Dietrich

  George II, King of Greece

  Georgia

  Gerasimov, Gennady

  German Customs Union (Zollverein)

  German Democratic Republic see East Germany

  German empire

  German language, anglicization of

  Germany, Weimar Republic

  Germany, Nazi:<
br />
  Allied bombing of

  capitulation

  concentration camps

  eugenics

  exports

  inflation

  invasion of Greece

  invasion of USSR

  local political supervisors

  protectionism

  reduction of unemployment

  rise of Nazis

  war criminals

  Germany, post-war occupied:

  Allied occupation zones (‘Bizonia’/‘Trizonia’)

  ‘Bank of German Lands’

  black market

  bomb damage

  Christian Democrats

  coal production

  Communist Party

  Communist takeover in east

  currency reform

  division

  exports

  inflation

  and Marshall Plan

  prisoners of war in USSR

  reparations

  shortages

  Social Democrats

  Soviet occupation zone

  steel production

  territorial losses

  trade unions

  winter weather of 1946-7 see also East Germany; West Germany

  Germany, reunified

  Germinal (film)

  Gerő, Ernő

  Gerschenkron, Alexander

  Ghana

  Ghibellines

  Giap, Vo Nguyen

  Gielgud, Sir John

  Gierek, Edward

  Gillette (corporation)

  Gillingham, John

  Ginsborg, Paul

  Giscard d’Estaing, Valéry

  Gladstone, William Ewart

  Glasgow

  High School

  Royal Technical College

  glasnost

  Glotz, Peter

  Glubb Pasha

  Godesberg program (German SPD)

  Godley, Wynne

  Gogol, Nikolai, Dead Souls

  Gold Coast

  Gold Standard

  Golden Bull (1356)

  Golden Ring (Russia)

  Goldsmith, Sir James

  Goldwater, Barry

  Gomułka, Władysław

  Gone With the Wind (film)

  Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge

  Gorbachev, Mikhail:

  and Afghan war

  anti-alcohol campaign

  background and character

  and collapse of East Germany

  and coup of August 1991

  elected General Secretary

  glasnost and perestroyka

  international reputation

  Malta summit (1989)

  meeting with Margaret Thatcher (1984)

  ‘our common European home’

  and Poland

  Gordievsky, Oleg

  Goths

  Gottwald, Klement

  Gow, Ian

  Goytisolo, Juan

  Gramsci, Antonio

  Great Britain see Britain

  Great Society (Johnson)

  failure of

  Greece:

  backwardness

  civil war

  Colonels’ coup (1967)

  Communists

  and Cyprus

  EEC membership

  intelligentsia

  and Kurdish nationalism

  nation statehood

  Nazi occupation

  nineteenth-century history

  Ottoman Empire

  peasantry

  Second World War

  strategic importance

  US aid

  and war in Afghanistan

  war with Turkey (1919-22)

 

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