by Norman Stone
Greek diaspora
Greek Orthodox Church
Greene, Graham
The Comedians
Greer, Germaine
The Female Eunuch
Grenada
Gromyko, Andrey
Gross, John
Gruchko, Viktor
Guantanamo (US naval base)
Guardian (newspaper)
Guatemala
Gudenus, Count
Guelfs
Guevara, Ernesto ‘Che’
cult of
Guillaume, Günter
Guillén, Nicolás
Gulf (oil company)
Gulf of Tonkin incident (1964)
Gulf War (1990-91)
Gummer, John
Gürsel, Cemal
gypsies
H
Hacı Bektaş
Haig, Alexander
Hailufeng soviet
Haiphong
Haiti
Halberstam, David
Halifax, E. F.. Wood, 1st Earl of
Hallé Orchestra
Hallstein, Walter
Halsey, A. H.
Hamburg
Reeperbahn
Hamilton, Alexander
Hamilton, Nigel
Hammer, Armand
Hannay, David, Baron Hannay of Chiswick
Hanoi
Harbin
Harkins, Paul.
Harriman, Averell
Harrington, Michael, The Other America
Harris, Robert, Archangel
Hartington, Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of (née Kennedy)
Harvard University
Business School
Tercentenary
Hastings, Sir Max
Havana
Havel, Václav
Havenstein, Rudolf
Hayek, Friedrich von
Healey, Denis, Baron
Heath, Sir Edward:
appearance and character
and Britain’s membership of EEC
and Britain’s relations with US
dismissed as Conservative leader
government of
incomes policy
loses 1974 election
and Margaret Thatcher’s government
and trade unions
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich
Hekmatyar, Gulbuddin
Helms, Richard
Helsinki conference (CSCE; 1975)
Hemingway, Ernest
Hentze, Paul
Herat
heroin
Hersh, Seymour
Herter, Christian
Heseltine, Michael, Baron
Hezb (Afghan resistance group)
Hills, Denis
Hindus
Hippocrates
Hiroshima
Hiss, Alger
History Today (magazine)
Hitler, Adolf:
appeasement of
beer-hall Putsch (1923)
Berlin Bunker
eugenics
favourite film
invasion of Czechoslovakia
invasion of USSR
reduction of unemployment
rise to power
suicide and cremation
Ho Chi Minh
Ho Chi Minh Trail
Hodder and Stoughton (publishers)
Hodža, Enver
Hoechst (corporation)
Hoesch (corporation)
Hoffman, Paul
Hoggart, Richard
Holland:
Calvinist Church
colonies
economic success
and EEC
exports
floating of currency
oil embargo against
post-imperial decline
trade unions see also Benelux
Hollywood
Holy Roman Empire
homosexuality
gay rights
Honecker, Erich
Hong Kong
hooliganism
Hoover, Herbert
Hopper, Kenneth
Hopper, William
Horn, Gyula
Hoskyns, Sir John
Hotter, Hans
Howe, Geoffrey, Baron Howe of Aberavon
Hue, Vietnam
Hugo, Victor, Les Misérables
human rights
Humphrey, Hubert
Hunan province
Hungarian diaspora
Hungary:
AVO (security police)
Catholic Church
Christian Women’s Camp
Communist Party
communist takeover
ending of communist state
inflation
intelligentsia
Jews in
under Kádár
Khrushchev’s relaxation attempts
labour camps
nationalism
opening of border with Austria (1989)
Peasant Party
peasantry
Protestant churches
relations with Austria
Second World War
Social Democrats
territorial losses
trade unions
United Workers’ Party
uprising of 1848
uprising of 1956
Writers’ Union
Huntington, Samuel
Husák, Gustáv
Hussein, King of Jordan
Huxley, Sir Julian
Hysko, Miroslav
I
Ibárruri, Dolores
IBM (corporation)
ICBMs (intercontinental ballistic missiles)
Ickes, Harold
IEA (British Institute of Economic Affairs)
Iliescu, Ion
Illinois
I’m All Right, Jack (film)
IMF (International Monetary Fund):
assumes true world role
Belgrade meeting (1979)
and Bretton Woods system
British bail-out (1976)
establishment of
ineffectiveness
loans to Romania
and military coups in Chile and Turkey
role in defending threatened currencies
and ‘Washington consensus’
İnan, Kâmran
Inchon
İncirlik air base
India:
border conflicts with China
British rule
famine
independence
intelligentsia
nationalism
partition
war in Kashmir
Indonesia:
Dutch rule
independence movement
oil production
Industrial Reorganization Corporation (British)
Industrial Revolution
inflation
Britain
Chile
France
Germany
Hungary
hyper-inflation
Italy
Japan
and monetarism
Phillips Curve
Poland
‘stagflation’
Turkey
and universities
USA
USSR
information technology:
development of
and financial markets
manufacturers
and public sector
theory of
unions’ obstruction of
in USSR
Ingham, Sir Bernard
Inönü, Ismet
Institute of Economic Affairs (British; IEA)
intelligentsia:
Britain
China
Czechoslovakia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
India
Poland
Turkey
USA
USSR / Russia
Western intelligentsia and communism
&nbs
p; International Bank for Reconstruction and Development see World Bank
International Monetary Fund see IMF
internment camps, Soviet
Ionesco, Eugène
İpekçi, Abdı
Iran:
and Afghanistan
allied with West
Azeri Turks
coup of 1953
hostage crisis (1979-81)
Islamic revolution (1978-9)
Kurdish population
under Mossadegh
oil production
relations with USSR
and Saudi Arabia
Savak (secret police)
Second World War occupation
under the Shah
and terrorism
Iran, Shah of (Mohammad Reza Pahlavi)
fall of
Iran-Contra affair (‘Irangate’)
Iraq:
Christians in
coup of 1958
Kurdish population
Nasser’s interference in
under Saddam Hussein
Soviet aid
Iraq-Syria pipeline
Iraq war (2003- )
Ireland
Catholic Church
emigration
Irish Question
nationalism
terrorism
Islam:
in Afghanistan
in Iran
in Iraq
of Kurds
in Pakistan
in Soviet Central Asia
in Turkey
and Turkish ‘guest workers’ in Germany see also Moslems
Israel:
American support for
Arab plans to eliminate
Camp David accords (1978)
establishment of
and Iran-Contra affair
relations with USSR
Six Day War (1967)
and Suez crisis
Yom Kippur War (1973)
Istanbul
Aya Sofya
Bosphorus Bridge
economic growth and redevelopment
Galata
Maslak
riots (1955)
stock exchange
Taksim Square massacre (1977)
Italy:
Allied reconquest
automobile industry
backwardness
black economy
Christian Democrats
Communists
corruption
education system
and EEC
election of 1948
film industry
and Germany
Guelfs and Ghibellines
imports
industrial unrest and strikes
inflation
Marshall Plan aid
peasantry
political instability
post-war economic recovery
protectionism
public finances
Red Brigades
student demonstrations
terrorism
trade unions
universities
war damage
Itzenplitz, Baron Heinrich von
İzmir
J
Jachymov mines, Bohemia
Jackson, Andrew
Jackson-Vanik Amendment (1973-4)
Jacobs, Jane, The Death and Life of Great American Cities
Jaguar (automobile manufacturer)
Jakab, Sándor
Jakeš, Miloš
Jalalabad
Jamaica
Jamiat (Afghan resistance group)
Japan:
automobile industry
banking crisis (2008-9)
Communists in
economic boom
economic recession
empire
invasion and occupation of China
land reforms
and North Korea
post-war Allied occupation
post-war economic recovery
prisoners of war
Second World War
shipbuilding
steel production
use of fax machines
and Vietnam
Westernization
Jaruzelski, Wojciech
Jay, Peter
Jefferson, Thomas
Jenkins, Roy, Baron Jenkins of Hillhead
Jenkins, Sir Simon
Jerusalem
King David Hotel bombing (1946)
Jesuits
Jesus College, Cambridge
Jews:
emigration to Palestine
German compensation to
in Greece
in Hungary
in Poland
in Romania
in Slovakia
in Turkey
in USA
n USSR
in West Germany see also anti-semitism
Jiangxi soviet
Jobs, Steve
John Brown Engineering
John Paul II, Pope
Johnson, Chalmers
Johnson, Claudia ‘Lady Bird’
Johnson, Harry
Johnson, Lyndon B.:
background and character
and Brezhnev
and China
economic policy
election as President
Great Society
on Kennedy
reputation
as Roosevelt’s manager
use of Supreme Court
Vice-President
and Vietnam
withdraws from re-election campaign
Joliot-Curie, Irène
Jones, Aubrey
Jones, Jack
Jones, Therese
Jordan
Joseph, Keith, Baron
Juglar, Clement
June Days uprising (1848)
‘junk bonds’
K
Kabul
Kádár, János
Kafka, Franz, Amerika
Kahn, Philippe
Kaldor, Nicholas, Baron
Kaluga
Kamchatka
Kandahar
Kang Sheng
Kania, Stanisław
Kapitsa, Piotr
Kaplan, Karel
Kapor, Mitch
Karabük steel plant
Karaganda
Karajan, Herbert von
Karasar, Hasan Ali
Karmal, Babrak
Karman, Tibor
Karpacky, Kornel
Kashmir
Katowice
Katyń massacre (1940)
Kayseri
Kazakhstan
Kedourie, Elie
Keep, John
Kemal, Mustafa see Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal
Kemp, Jack
Kempner, Nan
Kennan, George
Kennedy, Edward
Kennedy, Jacqueline
Kennedy, John F.:
‘Alliance for Progress’ (plan for Latin America)
appearance, background and character
assassination
and Bay of Pigs invasion
and Berlin crisis of 1961
and Cuban crisis of 1962
economic policy
election as President
funeral
Inaugural address
and Macmillan
New Frontier
reputation
and Roosevelt
Vienna conference (1961)
and Vietnam
White House style
Kennedy, John F., Jr
Kennedy, Joseph
Kennedy, Robert
Kent State University shootings (1970)
Kerr, Clark
Keyder, Çağlar
Keynes, John Maynard, 1st Baron:
Galbraith and
on government spending
homosexuality
hopes for German bombing
on paper money
and Roosevelt
Keynesianism
KGB:
<
br /> and coup of August 1991
and Cuban crisis of 1962
and dissidents
and Gorbachev
network of informers
relationship with Party
and revolutions of 1989
and war in Afghanistan
and Western anti-missile demonstrations see also Cheka
KHAD (Afghan secret police)
Khanin, G. I.
Khariton, Yuli
Khe Sanh, battle of (1968)
Khmer Rouge
Khomeini, Ayatollah
Khrushchev, Nikita:
agricultural reform
background and character
and Berlin crisis of 1961
and China
and Cuban crisis of 1962
cultural liberalization policies
and de-Stalinization of Soviet satellite states
defeat of old guard
denunciation of Stalin
and Eisenhower
and Hungarian uprising of 1956
megalomania
and Molotov
Moscow Party head
and nationalism
and Orthodox Church
overthrow of Beria
overthrown (1964)
‘peaceful coexistence’ doctrine
and Poland
political reforms
relations with China
relations with West
release of political prisoners
reputation and popularity
rise to power
row with Nixon over culture
at Stalin’s seventieth birthday
transfer of Crimea to Ukraine
20th Party Congress speech (1956)
Ukraine Party head
Vienna conference (1961)
Kiesinger, Kurt Georg
Kiev
Rosa Luxemburg knitwear factory
Killing Fields, The (film)
KimSung
King’s College, Cambridge
Kırbaşi
Kirikkale
Kirkpatrick, Jeane
Kisielewski, Stefan
Kissinger, Henry:
background and character
and Chile
and Cyprus
and EEC
and Helskinki conference (1975)
and Middle East
military adviser to Kennedy
and OPEC
and ‘Pentagon Papers’
reputation
and SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks)
and Vietnam
Koç, Vehbi
Koestler, Arthur
Kohl, Helmut
Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co.
Kołakowski, Leszek
Kolko, Gabriel
Kolyma
Komer, Robert W.
Konya
Kopecký, Václav
Korčula
Korea
division see also North Korea; South Korea
Korean War
Korngold, Erich
Korolev, Sergey
Kosovo
Kosygin, Alexey
Kovács, László
Kovalev, Ivan
Kraus, Karl
Kravchuk, Leonid
Kreisky, Bruno
Kremlin
Mausoleum
Krenz, Egon
Kriegel, Annie
Krol, Cardinal John
Kruchina, Nikolay
Krupp (corporation)
Kuklinski, Ryszard
Kulakov, Fyodor
Kulikov, Viktor
Kun, Béla
Kunayev, Dinmukhamed
Kundera, Milan
Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalists)