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INDEX
Academy and Library Company of Canonsburg, 5, 6
accountability
ambulance system, 197–199
chain of, with medical personnel, 57–58, 156, 158–159
Letterman’s restructuring based on, 80, 88, 90, 270
and supply consumption, 128
Adams, John Quincy, 2–3
African American suffrage, 248, 250–251, 258
Alger, Russell, 277, 278
Allen, E. J., 57
Allen, George, 118–119
ambulance system
ambulance corps established by Letterman, 87–90, 95, 115, 197, 219
“contracted” private wagon train, 94–95
criticism of, 121–122, 211–212, 218
deficiencies of, 45, 47, 48
Delafield Commission report on requirements of, 55
division of army causes loss of progress, 98–99
effectiveness of, at Antietam, 116–117, 122
efficiency of, at Fredericksburg, 145–146, 149
General Orders regulating, 88, 198–199, 218
at Gettysburg, 178
Hooker’s battle plan hampering efficiency of, 162–163, 167–168, 171
Larrey’s “flying ambulance,” 41, 154
Letterman on effectiveness of, 122
non-medical use prohibited, 89, 279
public support for army-wide, 210–211, 212–213, 218–219
recognition insignia and flags for, 199
screening of personnel, 219
supplies implemented into, 128
“Wheeling Wagon,” 67
American Journal of Science and Arts, 244
American Medical Association, 201
American Medical Times, 121
amputation, 118–119, 122–123, 143–144, 189, 274, 275
Antietam, battle at. See Battle of Antietam
Apache Indians, 34–35, 284
Aquia Landing, 146, 147, 149–150, 158
Army Medical Museum, 276, 290
Army of the Potomac. See also Union army;specific battles
Army of the Potomac (continued)
commanding officers of, 56, 57, 136, 151, 173–174, 272–273, 288–289. See also Burnside, Ambrose; Hooker, Joseph; McClellan, George B.; Meade, George
division of, 90, 95
division of, effect on medical organization, 96–97
evacuation of wounded, spring campaign, 77–79
growth of, 63
healthiness of, improvements made by Letterman, 157–160
march on Fredericksburg, 137
McParlin replaces Letterman as medical director for, 217
medical report leaked to newspaper revealing size of army to Lee, 160
mortality rate, 271
“Mud March” toward Lee abandoned, 150, 153
organization of medical department, under Tripler, 58
Peninsula Campaign, 69–71, 72, 90–91
pursuit of Confederate Army, post-battle, 129–130, 172, 190–191, 197, 206–207
retreat to winter camp, 207–208
supply preparedness of, at Fredericksburg, 138
winter camp conditions, 150, 158, 217
arrow wounds, 35, 39
asylums, in California, 261
Bard, Thomas, 233
Barnes, Joseph K., 202, 264
Battle of Antietam
Benjamin Cook on horror of, 1–2
casualties of, 113–114, 123
engagement of troops at, 109–113
Letterman’s battlefield evacuation plan, 106–109, 116–117
Sunken Road, 111–112
supply chain organization at, 100–102, 115–116, 117, 123
supply flow halted by railroad sabotage, 117, 123
“West Woods Massacre,” 110
Battle of Chancellorsville
casualties of, 167, 170–171
Hooker’s attempt to conceal casualties of, 170–171
Hooker’s cautious battle plans at, 160–161, 162, 163–164, 165, 166
Letterman’s advance preparation for, 161–162
L
etterman’s struggle to collect prisoners of war, 169–170, 291
Lincoln on Union defeat at, 168
medical evacuation plan, 164–165
terrain limits medical department at, 162–163, 167–168, 171, 240
Union headquarters fired on, 165–166
Union pursuit of Lee following, 172
Union retreat, 167–168
Battle of Fredericksburg
beginning of, 140–141
bombardment of town by Confederate army, 141
burial detail, 146
Burnside’s battle plan, 140, 142, 145, 146
care of wounded in darkness at, 143–145
casualties of, 143, 145, 146, 150–151
Confederate artillery on Marye’s
Heights, 141, 142, 143, 144, 151
hospitals set up in, 141–142, 143–145
Letterman’s plans for casualty contingencies, 139–140
logistical challenges faced by Union army, 138–139, 142–143
medical evacuation ordered by Burnside, 145–147, 149
pontoons’ delay aids Confederate defense, 138–139, 140, 143, 147
preparedness of medical department, 138–139
Battle of Gettysburg
allocation of surgeons left behind, 196
Army of the Potomac march toward, 176–178
army positioning during, 181–182
battlefield evacuation at, 183–184, 187–188
beginning of, 179–180
Camp Letterman hospital built near, 194–195, 196
casualties, 180, 182, 183, 185, 186–187, 188, 193
civilian doctors aid wounded after, 194
Confederate retreat from, 187–188
farmer “profiteering,” 192
heavy losses on second day, 182–183
hospital set-up at, 181, 184–185
Lee’s final assault against Union army, 185–186
mortality rate, 224
Pickett’s Charge, 186
post-battlefield carnage, 188–190
Union army headquarters near, 181
Union army pursuit of Lee following, 190–191, 197, 206–207
battlefield care
amputation, 118–119, 122–123, 143–144, 189
inadequacies at onset of war, 71
injured soldiers on battlefield, 188–190
battlefield evacuation
at Antietam battle, 106–109, 116–117
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