¡Adios, America!
Page 34
54.Little information was revealed about the victims, except that they, like their attacker, did not speak English. Andrea F. Siegel, “Teen Sentenced to 12 Years for Attacks on Woman, Child,” Baltimore (MD) Sun, November 9, 2010, http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2010-11-08/news/bs-md-ar-rape-stabbing-20101108_1_annapolis-police-crime-victims-attacks; and “In the Region,” Baltimore (MD) Sun, February 18, 2009, http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2009-02-18/news/0902170075_1_flannery-chen-perry-hall.
SPOT THE IMMIGRANT! CASE NO. 3: DEATH SENTENCE CHAMPIONS
1.See Sam Howe Verhovek, “Houston Knows Murder, but This . . .” New York Times, July 9, 1993, http://www.nytimes.com/1993/07/09/us/houston-knows-murder-but-this.html; John Makeig, “Girls’ Hour of Terror before Death Detailed,” Houston (TX) Chronicle, February 1, 1994; “Office of the Clark County Prosecuting Attorney: Jose Ernesto Medellin,” http://www.clarkprosecutor.org/html/death/US/medellin1116.htm; and “Office of the Clark County Prosecuting Attorney: Peter Anthony Cantu,” http://www.clarkprosecutor.org/html/death/US/cantu1224.htm.
2.Mike Tolson, “Justices Reject Killer’s Appeal; Execution Date Can Be Set for the 1993 Murders of Ertman, Peña,” Houston (TX) Chronicle, April 20, 2010.
3.Makeig, “Girls’ Hour of Terror.”
4.Ibid.
5.Ibid.
6.“Office of the Clark County Prosecuting Attorney: Jose Ernesto Medellin.”
7.Makeig, “Girls’ Hour of Terror.”
8.“Office of the Clark County Prosecuting Attorney: Peter Anthony Cantu.”
9.Jeremy Peters, “In Raising Immigration, G.O.P. Risks Backlash after Election,” New York Times, October 20, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/21/us/in-raising-immigration-gop-risks-blowback-after-election.html.
10.Verhovek, “Houston Knows Murder.”
11.Allan Turner, “In Case That Shook City, Controversial Execution Nears,” Houston (TX) Chronicle, August 4, 2008.
12.Jennifer Liebrum, “O’Brien Gets Death Sentence,” Houston (TX) Chronicle, April 10, 1994.
13.Turner, “In Case That Shook City.”
14.“Office of the Clark County Prosecuting Attorney: Jose Ernesto Medellin.”
15.CBS This Morning, October 12, 1994.
16.S. K. Bardwell, “Teenagers’ Legacy: Double Murders Changed Texas Law,” Houston (TX) Chronicle, June 25, 2003.
17.Ed Stoddard, “Texas Defies World Court with Execution,” Reuters, August 6, 2008, http://www.reuters.com/article/2008/08/06/us-usa-mexico-execution-idUSN0531256220080806.
18.“Convicted Mexican-Born Killer Executed,” Brownsville (TX) Herald, August 6, 2008.
19.Verhovek, “Houston Knows Murder,” New York Times, July 9, 1993.
20.Bardwell, “‘Animal-Like’ Gang Initiation Snared 2 Girls,” Houston (TX) Chronicle, July 1, 1993.
21.Nexis search: “All English Language News” in “All available dates” for: “jose medellin and mexic! and (houston or texas or ertman or pena or cantu or rape or gang)”; or “jose ernesto medellin and mexic! and (houston or texas or ertman or pena or cantu or rape or gang).”
22.Doug Cassel, “Bush Could Still Turn into a Champion of Oppressed,” response to “Inhuman: In a Post-9/11 World, Does America Still Stand Tall on Rights?,” Chicago Tribune, November 28, 2004, http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2004-11-28/news/0411280073_1_human-rights-torture-president-bush.
23.See, e.g., Makeig, “Judges Call for 5 Trials at One Time,” Houston (TX) Chronicle, September 16, 1993; Terri Langford, “Six Suspects Held in Gang Rape, Slayings of Two Teen-Agers,” Associated Press, July 1, 1993; News Services, Addenda, Washington Post, July 2, 1993; T. J. Milling and Bardwell, “Six Teens Held in Two Girls’ Rape-Murders,” Houston (TX) Chronicle, June 30, 1993.
24.“A Travel Advisory,” editorial, New York Times, March 14, 2005, http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/14/opinion/14mon2.html?_r=0.
25.Jose Ernesto Medellin v. Texas, 552 U.S. 491 March 25, 2008.
26.Tolson, “Justices Reject Killer’s Appeal.”
CHAPTER ELEVEN: WHY DO HISPANIC VALEDICTORIANS MAKE THE NEWS, BUT CHILD RAPISTS DON’T?
1.According to the Pew Research Center, in 2012 there were 33.7 million Hispanics of Mexican origin in the United States. Of those, “half (51%) are in the U.S. illegally while about a third are legal permanent residents (32%) and 16% are naturalized U.S. citizens.” Ana Gonzalez-Barrera and Mark Hugo Lopez, “A Demographic Portrait of Mexican-Origin Hispanics in the United States,” Pew Research Center Hispanic Trends Project, May 1, 2013, http://www.pewhispanic.org/2013/05/01/a-demographic-portrait-of-mexican-origin-hispanics-in-the-united-states/. But Pew uses the census’s undercount of illegal aliens, as we saw in chapter 2. According to Pew, “More than half (55%) of the 11.1 million immigrants who are in the country illegally are from Mexico.” So making that 55 percent of 30 million illegal aliens, rather than 55 percent of 11.1 million, adds another 10 million Mexican illegal immigrants to Pew’s estimate, bringing the total number of Mexicans in the United States to 43.7 million.
2.Such as this one: J. Russell Mikkelsen, “What’s Weird about Norway,” Medium.com, September 29, 2013, https://medium.com/@jrmikkelsen/whats-weird-about-norway-b1a51c79a3d0.
3.Associated Press, “Ohio: Life Sentence in Murders and Rapes,” New York Times, December 31, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/31/us/ohio-life-sentence-in-murders-and-rapes.html.
4.Guandique had already assaulted two other women jogging in the same area of Rock Creek Park. Terence P. Jeffrey, “Who Let Ingmar In?,” Human Events Online, February 24, 2009, http://humanevents.com/2009/02/25/who-let-ingmar-in/ (originally printed in 2002, before Guandique’s conviction, when the D.C. Police and media were still looking at Democratic Congressman Gary Condit).
5.According to what Reyes told a fellow prison inmate in 1999, he was in the park when he heard the victim’s screams, so he waited for the gang assaulting the woman to leave before raping her himself. Barbara Ross and Alice Mcquillan, “Inmate Says Reyes Raped Her After Teens Attacked,” New York Daily News, December 5, 2002, http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/inmate-reyes-raped-teens-attacked-article-1.503689.
6.Ross and Mcquillan, “Inmate Says Reyes Raped Her After Teens Attacked.”
7.See, e.g., Edward Conlon, “The Myth of the Central Park Five,” October 19, 2014, http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/10/19/decoding-the-crime-of-the-century-the-real-story-of-the-central-park-five.html; Annaliese Griffin, “A Profile of Matias Reyes,” New York Daily News, April 9, 2013, http://www.nydailynews.com/services/central-park-five/profile-matias-reyes-article-1.1308560.
8.Lorena’s battered-wife defense came later. See, e.g., David Margolick, “Witnesses Say Mutilated Man Often Hit Wife,” New York Times, January 12, 1994, http://www.nytimes.com/1994/01/12/us/witnesses-say-mutilated-man-often-hit-wife.html.
9.Larry Welborn and Vik Jolly, “Woman Who Sliced Off Husband’s Penis Gets 7 to Life in Prison,” Orange County (CA) Register, June 29, 2013, http://www.ocregister.com/articles/kieu-235704-ocprint-husband-penis.html.
10.Ralph Blumenthal, “No Name, Few Clues: The Case of ‘Baby Hope,’” New York Times, September 21, 1991, http://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/21/nyregion/no-name-few-clues-the-case-of-baby-hope.html.
11.J. David Goodman, “As Police Chased Leads about ‘Baby Hope,’ Those Who Knew Her Kept Quiet,” New York Times, October 14, 2013, despite-furor-over-baby-hope-many-family-members-remained-silent.
12.See, e.g., James C. McKinley Jr., “Man Indicted in the Killing of ‘Baby Hope,’” New York Times, November 21, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/22/nyregion/man-indicted-in-the-killing-of-baby-hope.html.
13.Kevin Dolak, Aaron Katersky, and Mark Crudele, “Mother of ‘Baby Hope’ Identified after 22 Year NYPD Search,” ABC News, October 8, 2013, http://abcnews.go.com/US/mother-baby-hope-identified-22-year-nypd-search/story?id=20506860.
14.“Da Vance Announces Indictment of Conrado Juarez for 22-Year-Old Cold Case Murder of ‘Baby Hope,’” press rel
ease, New York County District Attorney’s Office, November 21, 2013, http://manhattanda.org/press-release/da-vance-announces-indictment-conrado-juarez-22-year-old-cold-case-murder-“baby-hope”.
15.Michael Schwirtz and William K. Rashbaum, “Cousin Arrested in ‘Baby Hope’ Killing after 22 Years,” New York Times, October 12, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/13/nyregion/baby-hope.html.
16.“Suspected ‘Baby Hope’ Killer Pleads Not Guilty: Lawyer Disputes Conrado Juarez’s Confession to Police,” CBS New York, November 21, 2013, http://newyork.cbslocal.com/2013/11/21/man-accused-in-baby-hope-case-due-in-court/.
17.Dean Schabner, “Baby Hope Case: Cousin Arrested in 22-Year-Old Killing,” ABC News, October 12, 2013, http://abcnews.go.com/US/baby-hope-case-cousin-arrested-22-year-killing/story?id=20554415.
18.Matthew Chayes, “Conrado Juarez, Accused Killer of ‘Baby Hope,’ Remanded to Jail,” Newsday, October 17, 2013, http://www.newsday.com/news/new-york/conrado-juarez-accused-killer-of-baby-hope-remanded-to-jail-1.6247875.
19.Kristina Sgueglia, “‘Baby Hope’ Suspect’s Attorney Challenges Alleged Confession,” CNN, November 21, 2013, http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/21/justice/new-york-baby-hope-suspect-indictment/.
20.Shayna Jacobs, “Conrado Juarez, Accused Killer of ‘Baby Hope,’ Indicted by Manhattan Grand Jury, Lawyer Says,” New York Daily News, October 21, 2013, http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/uptown/accused-killer-indicted-baby-hope-slay-article-1.1492284. See also Jacobs, “‘Baby Hope’ Slay Suspect Conrado Juarez Pleads Not Guilty,” New York Daily News, November 21, 2013, http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/nyc-crime/baby-hope-slay-suspect-pleads-not-guilty-article-1.1525280.
21.Associated Press, “Conrado Juarez Confesses to Assaulting and Killing Anjelica Castillo,” People, October 12, 2013.
22.See, e.g., Schabner, “Baby Hope Case,” Comments Section, http://abcnews.go.com/US/baby-hope-case-cousin-arrested-22-year-killing/story?id=20554415#disqus_thread.
Guest
I really don’t get the mother or the older daughter who returned home eight years ago. I don’t get the secrets . . . If the mother had always suspected that the dead child was her daughter, why didn’t she come forward? Also, didn’t understand that her husband disappeared with the child, but it was a cousin who confessed. . . . I don’t understand the older daughter never discussing events with her mother. This story makes no sense.
Rick Rope Guest
I agree. I don’t understand the mother’s behavior whatsoever. The only thing that would explain it is if she was on drugs at the time.
Lynn Mann
Seems everything went wrong here . . . Mom doesn’t at least visit girls? Dad doesn’t know daughter is missing? Neighbors don’t see anything wrong? Sister doesn’t say anything?
23.Abigail Wilson, “Guerra-Garcia Enters Alford Plea in Child Sex Case,” Dodge City (KS) Daily Globe, March 7, 2013, http://www.dodgeglobe.com/article/20130306/News/130309360; “Dodge City Woman Charged in 2 Year Old Child Abuse Case,” KansasNews.com, April 5, 2013, http://www.westernkansasnews.com/2013/04/dodge-city-woman-charged-in-2-year-old-child-abuse-case/; Wilson, “Woman Sentenced for Helping Rapist Flee Dodge,” Dodge City (KS) Daily Globe, May 9, 2013, http://www.dodgeglobe.com/article/20130508/News/130509257#ixzz3IKi9eWuU.
24.“Bloomington Men Plead Guilty to False Documents,” Peoria (IL) Journal Star, February 28, 2014, http://www.pjstar.com/article/20140228/News/140228936. The same day Muhedano-Hernandez was indicted for making child pornography, the grand jury also handed up an indictment of Michael E. Ontiveros for possessing child pornography.
25.“California Woman, Abducted at 15, Is Found after 10 Years,” New York Times, May 22, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/22/us/kidnapped-california-woman-found-safe-after-10-years.html.
26.Jose L. Medina, “Two Sent to Prison on Charges of Sexual Contact with Minors,” Las Cruces (NM) Sun-News, June 14, 2007, http://www.lcsun-news.com/news/ci_6145011.
27.Alyssa Duranty, “Agency to Deport 31 L.A.-Area Sex Offenders,” Orange County (CA) Register, June 7, 2014.
28.Stan Finger, “24 Wichita-Area Arrests Part of Six-State ICE Operation,” Wichita (KS) Eagle, June 18, 2014, http://www.kansas.com/news/article1146477.html.
29.Nebraska v. Hector Medina-Liborio (S. Ct. Neb.), April 5, 2013, available online at https://supremecourt.nebraska.gov/sites/supremecourt.ne.gov/files/sc/opinions/s12-200.pdf.
30.New Jersey v. Fajardo-Santos, Supreme Court of New Jersey, July 8, 2009, available online at http://caselaw.findlaw.com/nj-supreme-court/1399310.html.
31.“2012 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates, Hawaii: Hispanic or Latino Origin by Specific Origin,” U.S. Census Bureau, http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_12_1YR_C03001&prodType=table.
32.Lila Fujimoto, “10-Year Term for Illegal Immigrant in Sex Abuse Case,” MauiNews.com, April 19, 2012, http://mauinews.com/page/content.detail/id/560337/10-year-term-for-illegal-immigrant-in-sex-abuse-case.html?nav=10; Associated Press, “Illegal Immigrant Sentenced in Maui Molestation,” April 19, 2012, available online at Hawaii Tribune-Herald, http://hawaiitribune-herald.com/sections/news/state/illegal-immigrant-sentenced-maui-molestation.html.
33.S. L. Wykes, “Life Plus 35 Years for Rapist Who Left Girl, 4, for Dead,” San Jose (CA) Mercury News, June 25, 1994.
34.Paul Fiel Narvios: Naturalized: July 29, 1980; DOB: 5/25/1948, Residence: California, Civil Record: 1980. Available online at the U.S. Naturalization Record Indexes, 1791–1992 (Indexed in World Archives Project), Ancestry. com, http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?gl=40&rank=1&new=1&so=3&MSAV=0&msT=1&gss=ms_f-40&gsln=Narvios&uidh=000.
35.See, e.g., “Girl, 10, Gave Birth—Abuser Sentenced,” San Francisco Gate, September 9, 1999; and [Unnamed story], Associated Press State, September 9, 1999.
36.Matthew Sheffield, “Liberals Fall for Hoax ‘Study’ Claiming Fox News Viewers Are Mentally Deficient,” Newsbusters, December 10, 2012, http://newsbusters.org/blogs/matthew-sheffield/2012/12/10/liberals-fall-hoax-study-claiming-fox-news-makes-people-stupid#sthash.L9GBdVZX.dpuf.
37.“Special Session on Children: A Response to the Needs of Children and Adolescents Worldwide,” Latin American and Caribbean Youth Network for Sexual and Reproductive Rights, Women’s Health Collection, January 1, 2003.
38.Ibid.
39.“Statistics on Teen Pregnancy,” Teenshelter, November 11, 2006, http://www.teenshelter.org/Jims_Statistics_on_Teenage_Pregnancy_11-11-06.pdf. See also Joyce A. Martin et al., “National Vital Statistics Reports: Births; Final Data for 2010,” Table A, U.S. Centers for Disease Control, August 28, 2012, http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr61/nvsr61_01.pdf.
40.Fay Menacker et al., “Births to 10–14 Year-Old Mothers, 1990–2002: Trends and Health Outcomes,” Table A, Centers for Disease Control: National Vital Statistics Reports, November 15, 2004, http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr53/nvsr53_07.pdf.
41.Rafael Romo on CNN Newsroom, February 7, 2013, transcript available at http://www.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1302/07/cnr.07.html.
42.Daniel Bates, “Girl Aged Nine Who Gave Birth to Baby in Mexico Didn’t Realize She Was Pregnant until Seven Months—and Her Mother Didn’t Think It Was a Crime,” Daily Mail (UK), February 7, 2013, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2274988/Girl-aged-gave-birth-baby-Mexico-didnt-realize-pregnant-seven-months—mother-didnt-think-crime.html.
43.Gerard Couzens, “Argentine Schoolgirl, 12, Gives Birth to Twin Sons (On Same Day Mexican Nine-Year-Old Became a Mother),” Daily Mail (UK), February 7, 2013, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2274916/Argentine-schoolgirl-12-gives-birth-twins-sons-day-Mexican-year-old-mother.html.
44.Simon Tomlinson, “Tribal Law Protects Boy, 15, Who Impregnated 10-Year-Old Colombian Girl from Under-Age Sex Charges,” Daily Mail (UK), April 11, 2012, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2128007/Tribal-law-protects-boy-15-impregnated-10-year-old-Colombian-girl.html.
45.See, e.g., Natalie Evans, “Babies Having Babi
es: A New Mum Aged Nine and the World’s Youngest Mothers in Medical History,” Mirror (UK), February 6, 2013, http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/weird-news/worlds-youngest-mum-top-10-1589383.
46.Kathleen Vaughn, “Pregnancy in Childhood: Letter,” British Medical Journal, October 8, 1933, http://www.bmj.com/content/2/3798/759.2.
47.See, e.g., Evans, “Babies Having Babies.”
48.“Shock for Family as Eight-Year-Old Girl Gives Birth to Twins: Girl Aged 8 Gives Birth to Twins,” The People, June 12, 1994. (A top obstetrician in Little Rock, Arkansas, said: “In my 11 years of experience here, I have never heard of a case where the mother is so young,” adding, “I would have thought it was a medical impossibility before Dr. Elders came across the fact.”)
49.Working off of Wikipedia’s “Youngest Mothers” entry, and adding a few they missed, this is the list of specific, reported births to girls aged ten or younger since 1990:
Bolivia—eleven cases (or twelve if you count the Bolivian immigrant who gave birth at age ten in Chile)
Colombia—nine (or ten if you count the ten-year-old Colombian immigrant who gave birth in Spain). One was an eight-year-old girl forced into prostitution by her own mother (“Colombia: Girl Prostitute Pregnant at 8,” ANSA English Media Service, September 10, 2004).
Brazil—nine
Mexico—six
Peru—six
Argentina—six
Honduras—two
Nicaragua—two (not including the nine-year-old Nicaraguan girl who got an abortion after being impregnated by a twenty-year-old, which is the only part of the story that got the undivided attention of the American media)
El Salvador—one
50.In 2013, the entire population of these nine countries was estimated to be 463 million, about 50 percent greater than America’s population of 316 million.
51.Briefs, Myrtle Beach (SC) Sun-News, January 29, 2006.