55. Peter J. Boyer, Associated Press, July 17, 1980.
56. Allen, “The Accidental Vice President.”
57. Dick Wirthlin, in discussion with the author, November 8, 2006.
58. Ronald Reagan, An American Life: The Autobiography (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990), 215.
59. Schram, “Ford, Roused by Last Hurrah.”
60. Ibid.;Victor Gold, in discussion with the author, March 27, 2006.
61. Richard L. Strout, “The Summing Up: What Historians Will Remember About This GOP Convention,” Christian Science Monitor, July 18, 1980, 4.
62. Greenfield, The Real Campaign, 164.
63. Clyde Haberman, “Convention Replay: When TV Runs Hot, Politics Boils Over,” New York Times, July 20, 1980, E2.
64. Ibid.
65. Ibid.
66. Robert Shogan, “High Tempers, Secret Meetings Mark Process,” Los Angeles Times, July 17, 1980, B1.
67. Jim Roberts, in discussion with the author, July 2006.
68. Ernie Angelo, in discussion with the author, November 13, 2006.
69. Jim Lake, in discussion with the author, January 16, 2004.
70. Allen, “The Accidental Vice President.”
71. Hedrick Smith, “Reagan Wins Nomination and Chooses Bush as Running Mate After Talks with Ford Fail,” New York Times, July 17, 1980, A1.
72. Stefan Halper, in discussion with the author.
73. George Bush with Victor Gold, Looking Forward: An Autobiography (New York: Doubleday, 1987), 11.
74. Stefan Halper, in discussion with the author.
75. Ibid.
76. Greenfield, The Real Campaign, 166.
77. Allen, “The Accidental Vice President.”
78. Mike Deaver, in discussion with the author.
79. Haberman, “Convention Replay.”
80. Lyle Denniston, “Bush's Speech Gave Convention Its Heart,” Washington Star, July 17, 1980, A3.
81. Allen, “The Accidental Vice President.”
82. Greenfield, The Real Campaign, 166.
83. Ibid., 166–67.
84. A. O. Sulzberger Jr., “Officials of 3 Networks Defend Coverage of Night of Speculation,” New York Times, July 18, 1980, A12.
85. Haberman, “Convention Replay.”
86. Greenfield, The Real Campaign, 164.
87. Ibid., 167.
88. R. W. Apple Jr., “Ford Takes Nomination on First Ballot; Reveals Vice-Presidential Choice Today,” New York Times, August 19, 1976.
89. Smith, “Reagan Wins Nomination.”
90. Lou Cannon, “A Triumph for the Man, and the Party,” Washington Post, July 17, 1980, A1.
91. Alpern et al., “How the Ford Deal Collapsed.”
92. Martin, “How Ford's Demands Scuttled the Republican Dream Ticket.”
93. Allen, “The Accidental Vice President.”
94. Johnson et al., “The Cement Just Wouldn't Set.”
95. Edwin Meese, in discussion with the author, May 6, 2006.
96. Richard Cheney, in discussion with the author, March 19, 2007.
97. Stuart Spencer, in discussion with the author, September 29, 2006.
98. Johnson et al., “The Cement Just Wouldn't Set.”
99. Allen, “The Accidental Vice President.”
100. Lou Cannon, in discussion with the author.
101. McGrory, “A Brief Paradise for the GOP.”
102. Martin, “How Ford's Demands Scuttled the Republican Dream Ticket.”
103. Allen, “The Accidental Vice President.”
104. Denniston, “Bush's Speech Gave Convention Its Heart.”
105. Walter R. Mears, Associated Press, July 17, 1980.
106. Allen, “The Accidental Vice President.”
107. Mike Deaver, in discussion with the author, October 18, 2006.
108. Allen, “The Accidental Vice President.”
109. Peter Hannaford, in discussion with the author, March 24, 2006; Peter Hannaford, The Reagans: A Political Portrait (New York: Coward-McCann, 1983), 276–77.
110. Mike Deaver, in discussion with the author.
111. Hannaford, The Reagans, 277.
112. Peter Hannaford, in discussion with the author, March 4, 2008.
113. Peter Hannaford, in discussion with the author.
114. Allen, “The Accidental Vice President.”
115. Peter Hannaford, in discussion with the author, March 24, 2006.
116. Allen, “The Accidental Vice President.”
117. Jeb Bush, in discussion with the author, August 22, 2006.
118. Bush with Gold, Looking Forward, 14.
119. James M. Perry and Albert R. Hunt, “The Reagan-Ford Deal Was Built Bit by Bit and Then Fell Apart,” Wall Street Journal, July 18, 1980, 1.
120. Allen, “The Accidental Vice President.”
121. Stefan Halper, in discussion with the author.
122. Bush with Gold, Looking Forward, 15.
123. Jeb Bush, in discussion with the author, August 22, 2006.
124. Bush with Gold, Looking Forward, 15.
125. “Reagan's Announcement of Running Mate, and Comments by Bush,” New York Times, July 18, 1980, A12.
126. John J. O'Connor, “TV: Covering the Big Story That Never Became Reality,” New York Times, July 18, 1980, A12.
127. Betty Anne Williams, “The Reagan-Ford-Bush Ticket Caused Some Red Faces,” Associated Press, July 18, 1980; O'Connor, “TV: Covering the Big Story That Never Became Reality.”
128. Peter Hannaford, in discussion with the author, March 24, 2006.
129. Mike Deaver, in discussion with the author.
130. Tom Shales, “Camera Madness,” Washington Post, July 18, 1980, C1.
131. Frank Donatelli, in discussion with the author.
132. Haberman, “Convention Replay.”
133. Peter J. Boyer, Associated Press, July 17, 1980.
134. Haberman, “Convention Replay.”
135. Stuart Spencer, in discussion with the author, September 28, 2006.
136. McGrory, “A Brief Paradise for the GOP.”
137. Lou Cannon, David S. Broder, Martin Schram, Felicity Barringer, and Keith Richburg, “Efforts to Forge 'dream Ticket' with Ford Fail,” Washington Post, July 17, 1980, A1.
138. Smith, “Reagan Wins Nomination.”
139. Ibid.
140. Johnson et al., “The Cement Just Wouldn't Set.”
141. Ibid.
142. Bill McInturff, in discussion with the author.
143. Jack W. Germond and Jules Witcover, “Reagan Handling of VP Choice Creates Serious Rift with Laxalt,” Washington Star, July 19. 1980, A1.
144. Paul Laxalt, in discussion with the author, July 31, 2006.
145. Clymer, “Reagan Says Bush Backs Platform.”
146. James R. Dickenson, “Ford Episode Displays Reagan in a No-Win Situation,” Washington Star, July 17, 1980, A3.
CHAPTER 25: FAMILY, WORK, NEIGHBORHOOD, PEACE, AND FREEDOM
1. “Second Acts in American Lives,” Time, March 8, 1968.
2. Irving Kristol, “The New Republican Party,” Wall Street Journal, July 17, 1980, 20.
3. Lawrence L. Knutson, Associated Press, July 17, 1980.
4. Ernie Angelo, in discussion with the author, November 13, 2006.
5. Martin Tolchin, “Conservatives First Recoil, Then Line Up Behind Bush,” New York Times, July 18, 1980, A9.
6. Quin Hillyer, in discussion with the author, May 5, 2006.
7. Albert R. Hunt and James M. Perry, “Reagan, Bush Strive to Repair the Image of a 'dream Ticket,'” Wall Street Journal, July 18, 1980, 2.
8. B. Drummond Ayres Jr., “Democrats Get a Laugh and Lift at Vice-Presidential Puzzlement,” New York Times, July 18, 1980, A9.
9. Memorandum, unsigned, “Talking Points,” 1980, Box 54, Jimmy Carter Presidential Library, Atlanta, GA.
10. Elizabeth Drew, Portrait of an Election: The 1980 Presidential Campaign (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1981), 215.
12. James R. Dickenson, “Ford Episode Displays Reagan in a No-Win Situation,” Washington Star, July 17, 1980, A3.
13. “A Special Weekly Report from the Wall Street Journal's Capital Bureau,” Wall Street Journal, July 18, 1980, 1.
14. Joseph E. Persico, Casey: From the OSS to the CIA (New York: Viking, 1990), 188.
15. Associated Press, “Reagan-Bush News Conference and the Bush Acceptance Speech,” New York Times, July 18, 1980, A12.
16. “Reagan Takes Command,” Time, July 21, 1980.
17. Sam Donaldson, World News Tonight Sunday, ABC News Transcripts, July 17, 1980.
18. Quin Hillyer, in discussion with the author, May 5, 2006.
19. “Why Bush Wound Up on the Ticket,” U. S. News & World Report, July 28, 1980, 21.
20. Paul Russo, in discussion with the author, September 8, 2006.
21. James Baker, in discussion with the author, September 6, 2006.
22. E. J. Dionne Jr., “Survey Reports Reagan's Slate Leads Carter's,” New York Times, July 18, 1980, A9.
23. Hedrick Smith, “Laxalt Calls Bush Strongest Running Mate;‘A Difference of Opinion,’” New York Times, July 23, 1980, A14.
24. Memorandum, unsigned, “Carter vs. Reagan,” April 1980, Carter–Mondale Book, Jimmy Carter Presidential Library, Atlanta, GA.
25. Editorial, “Mr. Reagan's Second Choice,” New York Times, July 18, 1980, A24.
26. “The GOP Gets Its Act Together,” Time, July 28, 1980.
27. “Reagan-Bush News Conference and the Bush Acceptance Speech,” New York Times, July 18, 1980, A12.
28. Dionne, “Survey Reports Reagan's Slate Leads Carter's.”
29. Peter Hannaford, in discussion with the author, March 24, 2006.
30. Jeb Bush, in discussion with the author, August 22, 2006.
31. Hedrick Smith, “Prudence Is Stressed,” New York Times, July 18, 1980, A1.
32. Adam Clymer, “Reagan Hails Republicans' Unity; Carter's Aides Defend Jobs Policy,” New York Times, July 19, 1980, 1.
33. Jack W. Germond and Jules Witcover, “Reagan Handling of VP Choice Creates Serious Rift with Laxalt,” Washington Star, July 19. 1980, A1.
34. Lynn Sherr, World News Tonight Sunday, ABC News Transcripts, July 13, 1980.
35. “Text of Reagan's Speech Accepting the Republicans' Nomination,” New York Times, July 18, 1980, A8.
36. Ibid.
37. Ibid.
38. Ibid.
39. Ibid.
40. Ibid.
41. Ronald Reagan, The Reagan Diaries, ed. Douglas Brinkley (New York: HarperCollins, 2007), 65.
42. “Text of Reagan's Speech Accepting the Republicans' Nomination.”
43. Ibid.
44. Ibid.
45. Ibid.
46. Ibid.
47. Ibid.
48. Ibid.
49. Ibid.
50. Ibid.
51. Ibid.
52. Ibid.
53. Ibid.
54. Ibid.
55. Ibid.
56. Glenn Frankel, “Reagan's Triumph Parallels YAF's Resurgence,” Washington Post, July 21, 1980, A2.
57. “Text of Reagan's Speech Accepting the Republicans' Nomination.”
58. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum Historical Resources, “Inaugural Address of President John F. Kennedy,” John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, http://www.jfklibrary.org/Historical+Resources/Archives/Reference+Desk/Speeches/JFK/003POF03Inaugura101201961.htm.
59. “Text of Reagan's Speech Accepting the Republicans' Nomination.”
60. Ibid.
61. Ibid.
62. Peter Hannaford, in discussion with the author, March 24, 2006.
63. Helene Von Damm, At Reagan's Side (New York: Doubleday, 1989), 124.
64. “Text of Reagan's Speech Accepting the Republicans' Nomination.”
65. Ibid.
CHAPTER 26: HORSE LATITUDES
1. “The Long March,” Time, July 28, 1980.
2. H. J. Maidenberg, “Stocks Post Sharp Rise; Dow at 923,” New York Times, July 19, 1980, 23.
3. Editorial, “Franklin Delano Reagan,” New York Times, July 20, 1980, E20.
4. Editorial, “The GOP's Man Who,” Washington Post, July 20, 1980, E6.
5. “The GOP Gets Its Act Together,” Time, July 28, 1980.
6. “How to Leave Them Cheering,” Time, July 28, 1980.
7. Jeff MacNelly, Time, July 28, 1980, 13.
8. Meg Greenfield, “Taking Reagan Seriously,” Washington Post, July 23, 1980, A21.
9. R. W. Apple Jr., “Republican Ticket Sparks Some Foreign Animosity,” New York Times, July 19, 1980, 6.
10. Warren Brown, “Could Back GOP, Jesse Jackson Hints,” Washington Post, July 21, 1980, A1.
11. Doug Willis, “Reagan Gets Mixed Reception from Blacks,” Associated Press, August 6, 1980.
12. Steven Strasser, Larry Rohter, and Tessa Namuth, “Latin America; Back to Square One with Reagan?” Newsweek, August 18, 1980, 50.
13. Kenny Klinge, in discussion with the author, June 27, 2006.
14. Robert D. Novak, The Prince of Darkness: 50 Years Reporting in Washington (New York: Crown Forum, 2007), 354.
15. Kenny Klinge, in discussion with the author, June 27, 2006.
16. David Smick, in discussion with the author, October 18, 2006.
17. Hedrick Smith, “GOP Hopes Go Beyond 1980 and Beyond the White House,” New York Times, July 20, 1980, E1.
18. Alice J. Porter, “On the Campaign Trail,” National Journal, July 5, 1980, 1114.
19. Lou Cannon, “GOP Team Opens Campaign in Houston,” Washington Post, July 20, 1980, A4.
20. James M. Perry and Albert R. Hunt, “Reagan Plan Is to Make Carter the Issue, Stress Large Industrial States,” Wall Street Journal, July 14, 1980, 1.
21. Jimmy Carter to Ronald Reagan, telegram, July 1980, White House Files, Carter Presidential Library, Atlanta, GA.
22. Steven R. Weisman, “Carter Terms GOP ‘Afraid of Future,’” New York Times, July 18, 1980, A1.
23. Frank Reynolds, World News Tonight, ABC News Transcripts, July 18, 1980.
24. Douglas E. Kneeland, “Reagan and Bush Meet for Briefings,” New York Times, July 25, 1980, A8.
25. Confidential interview with the author.
26. Ibid.
27. Jack W. Germond and Jules Witcover, “Smiles Masking Friction Among Reagan Aides,” Washington Star, July 20, 1980, A3.
28. Michele Davis, “1980 Diary,” August 11, 1980, Michele Davis Archives Collection.
29. Michele Davis, “1980 Diary,” August 27, 1980, Michele Davis Archives Collection.
30. Perry and Hunt, “Reagan Plan Is to Make Carter the Issue.”
31. Sara Fritz, “Unions' Drive to Stop Reagan's Inroads,” U. S. News & World Report, July 21, 1980, 75.
32. Douglas E. Kneeland, “Reagan to Focus on Northeast, Midwest and Texas,” New York Times, July 26, 1980, 7.
33. Rowland Evans and Robert Novak, “Stronghold Lost,” Washington Post, August 4, 1980, A17.
34. Peter Goldman, Eleanor Clift, John Walcott, Gloria Borger, and Howard Fineman, “The Mutinous Democrats,” Newsweek, August 4, 1980, 21.
35. “A Tamer for the Reagan Lions,” Newsweek, July 14, 1980, 26.
36. “Armstrong, Baker Join Reagan Unit,” Washington Post, July 23, 1980, A3.
37. Hedrick Smith, “Laxalt Calls Bush Strongest Running Mate,” New York Times, July 23, 1980, A14.
38. T. R. Reid, “Reagan Far Ahead of Carter in Poll Just After Convention,” Washington Post, July 24, 1980, A2.
39. Perry and Hunt, “Reagan Plan Is to Make Carter the Issue.”
40. Jules Witcover, “Carter's Rating Sets All-Time Low in Poll as Public Sifts Libya Fallout,” Washington Star, July 30, 1980, A1.
41. Albert R. Hunt, “Reagan, Bu
sh Start on Fall Campaign, Haunted by 'dream Ticket' Nightmare,” Wall Street Journal, July 21, 1980, 18.
42. William Endicott, “Nettled by Rumors, Reagan's Aides Plan 'definitive Report' on Talks with Ford,” Los Angeles Times, July 24, 1980, B21.
43. Ken Kashiwahara, World News Tonight, ABC News Transcripts, July 25, 1980.
44. Lynn Sherr, World News Tonight, ABC News Transcripts, July 25, 1980.
45. Kneeland, “Reagan and Bush Meet for Briefings.”
46. Ibid.
47. Dick Wirthlin, in discussion with the author, November 8, 2006.
48. Jules Witcover, “Drive Launched to Make Sen. Jackson the Nominee,” Washington Star, July 28, 1980, A1.
49. Hedrick Smith, “Carter's Odds at Convention,” New York Times, July 29, 1980, A1.
50. A. O. Sulzberger Jr., “U. S. Quietly Acknowledges Death of Shah,” New York Times, July 28, 1980, A11.
51. Associated Press, “Reagan Was Willing to Join Ford Ticket in '76,” Los Angeles Times, July 27, 1980, A11.
52. Michael Getler, “Administration Willing to Confront Reagan on Arms Limits,” Washington Post, July 23, 1980, A2.
53. “Washington Whispers,” U. S. News & World Report, July 21, 1980, 12.
54. Richard Halloran, “Defense Secretary Criticizes GOP on a ‘Simplistic’ Military Platform,” New York Times, July 29, 1980, A13.
55. John W. Mashek, “What Kind of President,” U. S. News & World Report, July 21, 1980, 16.
56. “People to Watch If GOP Wins the White House,” U. S. News & World Report, July 21, 1980, 19.
57. Mashek, “What Kind of President.”
58. Albert R. Hunt, “Anderson Race Is Helped by Carter Woes, Hurt by Reagan's Overture to Moderates,” Wall Street Journal, July 29, 1980, 8.
59. David Espo, “Kennedy Exuding Confidence on Open Convention,” Associated Press, August 1, 1980.
60. John W. Mashek, “Can Carter Hang On?” U. S. News & World Report, August 11, 1980, 16.
61. William Endicott, “Reagan Says He Doubts Carter Will Be Dumped,” Los Angeles Times, July 30, 1980, B16.
62. “Ronald Reagan's Taxes,” Newsweek, August 11, 1980, 31.
63. Associated Press, “Reagan Paid $262,936 in U. S., State Income Taxes,” Los Angeles Times, July 31, 1980, A1.
64. Jim Drinkhall, “Film Company Paid the Candidate a Steep Price for Some Steep Land to Make Him a Millionaire,” Wall Street Journal, August 1, 1980, 30.
65. Maurice Carroll, “Right to Life Leaders Say Choice of Bush Bars Backing of Reagan,” New York Times, July 30, 1980, B6.
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