66. David Wood, “Reagan Advisers Deny Slump Is Easing; Insist Kemp-Roth Tax Cut Is a Remedy,” Washington Star, August 2, 1980.
67. Reuters, “Castro Issues a Warning About Reagan Candidacy,” New York Times, July 28, 1980, A16.
68. Allan Frank and Lyle Denniston, “Use of Brother on Hostages Is Defended,” Washington Star, August 5, 1980, A1.
69. Daniel Dervin, Bernard Shaw: A Psychological Study (Lewisburg, PA: Bucknell University Press, 1975), 114.
70. “What's Behind the Carter Magic?” Economist, April 17, 1976, 31.
71. Lou Cannon, “Reagan Campaigning from County Fair to Urban League,” Washington Post, August 4, 1980, A3.
72. Doug Willis, “Reagan Outlines Plans for Cities Before Civil Rights Convention,” Associated Press, August 5, 1980.
73. David Wood, “Reagan Tells Blacks GOP Best for Them,” Washington Star, August 5, 1980, A4.
74. Lou Cannon, “Reagan Makes Appeal for Black Votes,” Washington Post, August 6, 1980, A1.
75. Gordon Crovitz, “The Urban League Meets Reagan,” Wall Street Journal, August 8, 1980, 12.
76. Ibid.
77. Ibid.;Wood, “Reagan Tells Blacks GOP Best for Them.”
78. Crovitz, “The Urban League Meets Reagan.”
79. David Wood, “Reagan Finds South Bronx Has a Feel for Politicians,” Washington Star, August 6, 1980, A1; William Endicott, “Reagan Tells Urban League His Plans to Revivify Cities,” Los Angeles Times, August 6, 1980, A1; United Press International, “Reagan Booed in Bronx Slum,” Los Angeles Times, August 5, 1980, A1.
80. Tom Wicker, “A Time to Reach Out,” New York Times, August 8, 1980, A29.
CHAPTER 27: THE DEMOCRATS
1. United Press International, “U. S. Productivity Drops for Sixth Quarter in Row,” Washington Star, July 28, 1980, A1.
2. Harry Anderson, Rich Thomas, and Pamela Lynn Abraham, “Carter's Sea of Red Ink,” Newsweek, July 28, 1980, 55.
3. Jonathan Fuerbringer, “Unemployment Levels Off at 7.8 Percent,” Washington Star, August 1, 1980, A1.
4. Christopher Byron, “The Idle Army of Unemployed,” Time, August 11, 1980.
5. “The Misery Spreads,” U. S. News & World Report, August 4, 1980, 14.
6. Jube Shiver Jr. and Bob Gettlin, “New Protests Launched by Pro-Khomeini Iranians; N.Y. Detainees Back to Join D.C. March,” Washington Star, August 7, 1980, A1.
7. Walter Isaacson, Ed Magnuson, and Christopher Ogden, “Carter Battles a Revolt,” Time, August 11, 1980.
8. Jack W. Germond, “Carter Seen Lucky Foe Was Kennedy,” Washington Star, August 11, 1980, A1.
9. G. B. Trudeau, “They Shouldn't Put It All in Writing,” Washington Star, August 12, 1980, A3.
10. Associated Press, “Agitators Hit Anderson with Egg, Say They're Communist Workers,” Washington Star, August 6, 1980, A4.
11. Memorandum from Karl Struble to Tim Kraft, “General Election Observations,” May 12, 1980, Carter/ Mondale Presidential Committee, Jimmy Carter Presidential Library, Atlanta, GA.
12. Lou Cannon, “Reagan Campaigning from County Fair to Urban League,” Washington Post, August 4, 1980, A3.
13. “Less Is More,” Time, August 11, 1980.
14. Jules Witcover, “Ron Dellums Declares Self a Candidate,” Washington Star, August 11, 1980, A1.
15. Douglas E. Kneeland, “Reagan Campaigns at Mississippi Fair,” New York Times, August 4, 1980, A11.
16. Kenny Klinge, in discussion with the author, June 27, 2006.
17. Ibid.
18. Cannon, “Reagan Campaigning.”
19. Peter Goldman, Eleanor Clift, Thomas M. DeFrank, Henry W. Hubbard, Gloria Borger, John Walcott, and Fred Coleman, “The Drive to Dump Carter,” Newsweek, August 11, 1980, 18.
20. Barry Sussman, “New Polls Show Closer '80 Race,” Washington Post, August 10, 1980, A1.
21. Hamilton Jordan, Crisis: The Last Year of the Carter Presidency (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1982), 302–4.
22. Memorandum, unsigned, “1976 Democratic Presidential Campaign Summary Of Expenditures by Function; AIGN Expenditures,” Carter/Mondale Book, Financial Sector, Jimmy Carter Presidential Library, Atlanta, GA.
23. James M. Perry and Albert R. Hunt, “Carter Seems in Command Despite Drive by Kennedy Forces as Convention Opens,” Wall Street Journal, August 11, 1980, 2.
24. Martin Schram, “Candidates: Intractable and Proud,” Washington Post, August 10, 1980, A1.
25. “Delegates Hard at Work Before the Call to Order,” New York Times, August 12, 1980, B12.
26. “Madison Square Garden of Briars,” Time, August 25, 1980.
27. Terence Smith, “Carter Confident as Aides Meet with His Delegates,” New York Times, August 11, 1980, B7.
28. Judy Bachrach, “A Split Party Again Is Flirting with Suicide,” Washington Star, August 12, 1980, A5.
29. Hugh Sidey, “Assessing a Presidency,” Time, August 18, 1980.
30. Ibid.
31. Claudia Wallis and Melissa Ludtke Lincoln, “People,” Time, August 25, 1980.
32. Bill Peterson and Edward Walsh, “The Convention Floor: A Wall-to-Wall Crush,” Washington Post, August 11, 1980, A9.
33. Ibid.
34. Haynes Johnson and Barry Sussman, “Party Paradox,” Washington Post, August 11, 1980, A1.
35. Mark Shields, “Wanted: Democrats Plain,” Washington Post, August 22, 1980, A15.
36. Dudley Clendinen, “White House Says Minister Misquoted Carter Remarks,” New York Times, August 8, 1980, A16.
37. T. R. Reid and Martin Schram, “Upbeat but Facing Loss, Kennedy Arrives in N.Y.,” Washington Post, August 9, 1980, A1.
38. Bill Peterson and T. R. Reid, “Anderson May Quit If Party Dumps Carter,” Washington Post, August 1, 1980, A1.
39. Hedrick Smith, “Strauss Predicting Some Carter Losses on Party Platform,” New York Times, August 9, 1980, 1.
40. Adam Clymer, “Poll Finds Carter Gaining in Party After News Conference on Brother,” New York Times, August 10, 1980, 1.
41. B. Drummond Ayres Jr., “Kennedy, in New York, Sees ‘Real Chance,’” New York Times, August 9, 1980, 7.
42. Associated Press, “Roll Call on Rule,” Washington Star, August 12, 1980, A5.
43. T. R. Reid, “Facing Up to Defeat,” Washington Post, August 12, 1980, A1.
44. Judy Bachrach, “Tenderness Has Bitter Flavor in Kennedy Circle,” Washington Star, August 13, 1980, A5.
45. B. Drummond Ayres Jr., “Kennedy Race Ends, but Cause Continues,” New York Times, August 13, 1980, B1.
46. Associated Press, “Oswald's Body to Be Exhumed,” Washington Star, August 14, 1980, A1.
47. David M. Alpern, John Walcott, Thomas M. DeFrank, Eleanor Clift, Henry W. Hubbard, Stryker McGuire, and John J. Lindsay, “A Veneer of Unity,” Newsweek, August 25, 1980, 24.
48. Reid, “Facing Up to Defeat.”
49. “Madison Square Garden of Briars.”
50. Reid, “Facing Up to Defeat.”
51. Jack W. Germond, “Challenger Quits After Rules Loss,” Washington Star, August 12, 1980, A1.
52. Adam Clymer, “A Graceful Withdrawal,” New York Times, August 12, 1980, A1.
53. David S. Broder, Edward Walsh, Karlyn Barker, Lou Cannon, Herbert Denton, Helen Dewar, Stan Hinden, T. R. Reid, and Maralee Schwartz, “Kennedy Ends Fight for Nomination,” Washington Post, August 12, 1980, A1.
54. Edward Walsh, Robert G. Kaiser, David S. Broder, Lou Cannon, Kathy Sawyer, and Martin Schram, “Kennedy Rips Reagan, Electrifies Convention,” Washington Post, August 13, 1980, A1.
55. Hedrick Smith, “A Bid to ‘Keep Faith,’” New York Times, August 13, 1980, A1.
56. “Text of Kennedy's Address to Democratic National Convention,” Washington Star, August 13, 1980, A7.
57. Walsh, et al., “Kennedy Rips Reagan.”
58. “Text of Kennedy's Address.”
59. “Madison Square Garden of Briars.”
60. Alpern et
al., “A Veneer of Unity.”
61. Walsh et al., “Kennedy Rips Reagan.”
62. United Press International, “Mary Crisp Gets High Post in Anderson's Campaign,” Washington Star, August 14, 1980, A5.
63. David S. Broder and Edward Walsh, “An Uphill Race Against Reagan,” Washington Post, August 14, 1980, A1.
64. Hedrick Smith, “Carter Wins Nomination for a Second Term; Gets Kennedy Pledge of ‘Support and Work,’” New York Times, August 14, 1980, A1.
65. Broder and Walsh, “An Uphill Race Against Reagan.”
66. Robert G. Kaiser, Martin Schram, Lou Cannon, Helen Dewar, Herbert Denton, Bill Peterson, T. R. Reid, Kathy Sawyer, and Chris Colford, “A Formal Peace Over Platform,” Washington Post, August 14, 1980, A1.
67. Howell Raines, “Among Southern Delegates, Enthusiasm Is Hard to Find,” New York Times, August 14, 1980, B2.
68. Elizabeth Drew, Portrait of an Election: The 1980 Presidential Campaign (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1981), 256.
69. Edward Walsh, Robert G. Kaiser, Helen Dewar, Martin Schram, Bill Peterson, Lou Cannon, David S. Broder, Kathy Sawyer, T. R. Reid, Eugene Robinson, Jackson Diehl, and Karlyn Barker, “Carter Asks Kennedy to Join Reagan Fight,” Washington Post, August 15, 1980, A1.
70. Maureen Santini, “Mondale Says Reagan ‘Out of Step with America,’” Associated Press, August 14, 1980; Jeremiah O'Leary, “Gusto Marks Mondale's Acceptance,” Washington Star, August 15, 1980.
71. Haynes Johnson, “Running Then as a Farmer, Running Now as a President,” Washington Post, August 15, 1980, A10.
72. Edwin Warner, Christopher Ogden, and Joanna McGeary, “Drawing the Battle Lines,” Time, August 25, 1980, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,948979,00.html.
73. David S. Broder, “Carter Strategy Aims to Plant Doubts About Reagan Abilities,” Washington Post, August 16, 1980, A10.
74. “Transcript of Carter's Speech Accepting His Renomination at Party Convention,” New York Times, August 15, 1980, B2.
75. “Carter: Running Tough,” Time, August 25, 1980.
76. Warner et al., “Drawing the Battle Lines.”
77. Broder, “Carter Strategy Aims to Plant Doubts.”
78. Jimmy Carter, in discussion with the author, July 11, 2006.
79. “Madison Square Garden of Briars.”
80. Jimmy Carter, in discussion with the author, July 11, 2006.
81. Bill Schulz, in discussion with the author, January 23, 2007.
CHAPTER 28: CORBIN
1. Cheryl Lavin, Chicago Tribune, November 5, 1995, 12C.
2. Adam Walinsky, in discussion with the author, June 10, 2005.
3. Paul Corbin, in discussion with the author.
4. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin wa. Paul Kobrinsky,” file no. 100–10181, February 13, 1952, Milwaukee, WI.
5. Memorandum from A. H. Belmont to D. M. Ladd, “Paul Corbin wa. Paul Kobrinsky; Name Check Request—Senator Joseph R. McCarthy,” United States Government, June 2, 1951.
6. Memorandum from Director FBI to the Attorney General, United States Government, January 9, 1968.
7. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin wa. Paul Kobrinsky,” file no. 100–8584, June 27, 1944, Chicago, IL.
8. Mark Shields, in discussion with the author.
9. John Seigenthaler, in discussion with the author, November 15, 2007; Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, in discussion with the author, December 18, 2007.
10. Bill Schulz, in discussion with the author.
11. Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, in discussion with the author, December 18, 2007.
12. Paul Corbin, in discussion with the author.
13. Ray Thomasson, in discussion with the author, February 12, 2007.
14. Joseph Sweat, in discussion with the author, February 12, 2007.
15. Ray Thomasson, in discussion with the author, February 12, 2007.
16. John Seigenthaler, in discussion with the author, March 25, 2008.
17. House Committee on Post Office and Civil Service, Subcommittee on Human Resources, Unauthorized Transfers of Nonpublic Information During the 1980 Presidential Election, 98th Cong., 2d sess., 1984, Committee Print 98–12; Mike Feinsilber, Associated Press, May 24, 1984. Hereinafter cited as House Committee report.
18. Stuart Spencer, in discussion with the author, September 28, 2006.
19. James Baker, in discussion with the author, September 6, 2006
20. David Keene, in discussion with the author, October 10, 2006; Richard Cheney, in discussion with the author, March 19, 2007.
21. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, file no. 161–107, January 13, 1961, Washington, DC.
22. Frida Shankman, in discussion with the author, 2007.
23. Memorandum from SAC, Milwaukee to Director FBI, “Paul Corbin; G. M. Corbin,” United States Government, April 12, 1954.
24. Lewis E. Glenn, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, file no. 161–14, January 16, 1961, Waterloo, IA.
25. “Many Are Wondering: What of Corbin's Past?” Milwaukee Journal, August 24, 1961.
26. Joseph Sweat, in discussion with the author, February 12, 2007.
27. “Many Are Wondering.”
28. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin wa. Paul Kobrinsky,” file no. 100–5813, August 3, 1944, Saint Paul, MN.
29. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul, Aka.,” file no. 161–84, January 17, 1961, Chicago, IL.
30. Darlene Corbin, in discussion with the author, December 11, 2007.
31. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin wa. Paul Kobrinsky,” file no. 100–8584, June 27, 1944, Chicago, IL; Jack E. Ison, “Paul Corbin,” ASC Newsletter, September 30, 1961, 2; Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, file no. 161–166.
32. Ison, “Paul Corbin”; Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, file no. 161–166.
33. Darlene Corbin, in discussion with the author, December 11, 2007.
34. Gordon B. Playman, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin,” file no. 161–15, January 20, 1961, Chicago, IL.
35. Memorandum from SAC Milwaukee to SAC Minneapolis, “Paul Corbin,” file no. 161–17, United States Government, January 16, 1961.
36. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin wa. Paul Kobrinsky,” file no. 100–8584, June 27, 1944, Chicago, IL.
37. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin wa. Paul Kobrinsky,” file no. 100–10181, February 13, 1952, Milwaukee, WI.
38. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin wa. Paul Kobrinsky,” file no. 100–8584, June 27, 1944, Chicago, IL.
39. Adam Walinsky, in discussion with the author, June 10, 2005.
40. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin wa. Paul Kobrinsky,” file no. 100–10181, February 13, 1952, Milwaukee, WI.
41. Ibid.
42. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin wa. Paul Kobrinsky,” file no. 100–8584, February 7, 1950, Chicago, IL.
43. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin, with alias Paul Kobrinsky,” file no. 100–10181, February 28, 1950, Milwaukee, WI.
44. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin wa. Paul Kobrinsky,” file no. 100–10181, February 13, 1952, Milwaukee, WI.
45. Ibid.
46. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin,” file no. 161–17, January 17, 1961, Milwaukee, WI.
47. Adam Walinsky, in discussion with the author, June 10, 2005.
48. Memorandum, unsigned, “Paul Corbin Special Inquiry,” United States Government, December 12, 1966.
49. Bill Schulz, in discussion with the author, January 23, 2007; Paul Corbin, in discussion with the author; David Keene, in discussion with the author.
50. Letter to Joseph McCarthy, May 22, 1951.
51. Memorandum from A. H. Belmont to D. M. Ladd, “Paul Corbin wa. Paul Kobrinsky; Name Check Request—Senator Joseph R.
McCarthy,” United States Government, June 2, 1951.
52. Memorandum from Hoover to Communications Section and SAC Milwaukee, Federal Bureau of Investigation, April 20, 1954.
53. Memorandum from Hoover to SAC Milwaukee, Federal Bureau of Investigation, April 28, 1954.
54. Adam Walinsky, in discussion with the author.
55. Milles McMillin, “Curious Lack of Publicity about Paul Corbin,” Capital Times (WI), January 2, 1961.
56. Richard N. Pranke, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin; G. M. Corbin,” file no. 33–101, April 5, 1954, Minneapolis, MN.
57. Memorandum from SAC, Milwaukee to Director FBI, “Paul Corbin; SM–C: SGE; Security Matter—Communist,” file no. 100–10181, Federal Bureau of Investigation, April 9, 1959.
58. Adam Walinsky, in discussion with the author, June 10, 2005.
59. Jeff Shesol, Mutual Contempt: Lyndon Johnson, Robert Kennedy, and the Feud That Defined a Decade (New York: Norton, 1997), 183.
60. Darlene Corbin, in discussion with the author, December 11, 2007.
61. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin, aka Paul Kobrinsky,” file no. 161–17, January 15, 1961, Madison, WI.
62. Adam Walinsky, in discussion with the author, June 10, 2005.
63. Ibid.
64. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin, aka Paul Kobrinsky,” file no. 161–17, January 17, 1961, Milwaukee, WI.
65. John Seigenthaler, in discussion with the author, November 15, 2007.
66. David Lucey, in discussion with the author, December 8, 2006.
67. Paul Corbin, in discussion with the author.
68. John Seigenthaler, in discussion with the author, November 15, 2007.
69. Milles McMillin, “Curious Lack of Publicity about Paul Corbin,” Capital Times (WI), January 2, 1961.
70. John Seigenthaler, in discussion with the author, November 15, 2007.
71. Ibid.
72. Memorandum to Mr. Rosen, “Paul Corbin Special Inquiry,” United States Government, January 12, 1961.
73. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin, aka. Paul Kobrinsky spi,” file no. 161–107, January 13, 1961, Washington, DC.
74. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report, “Paul Corbin, spi,” file no. 161–14, January 14, 1961, Omaha, NE.
Rendezvous with Destiny: Ronald Reagan and the Campaign that Changed America Page 99