by David Barrie
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Index
The pagination of this electronic edition does not match the edition from which it was created. To locate a specific passage, please use the search feature of your e-book reader.
Note: Page numbers in italics indicate photographs and illustrations.
Adelaide, 198
Admiralty charts, 3–4, 234–35, 249, 257n, 271
Admiralty Hydrographic Office, 86
Adventure, 90–91, 103, 129, 195, 199–200, 210
Agnes Islands, 206
agriculture, 24–25, 285
Agulhas Current, 182
Ainu people, 129
Alaska, 94, 126–28, 140
Alcyone, 270–77
Aldebaran, 16
Aleutian Islands, 94
alidade, 28
Alioth, 16
Alkaid, 16, 274–75
Altair, 16, 137, 275
American Revolutionary War, 124
Amiens cathedral, 25
Anacreon, 117n
Andes, 61
animals and celestial navigation, 22–23
Annenkov Island, 257, 257n, 258
Anson, George, 51–56, 113, 303n19
Antarctic Circle, 90–93
Antarctica, 90–93, 241–50
Antares, 16, 254
Antikythera device, 303n1
archaeology, 189
Arctic Ocean, 94
Arcturus, 16, 17, 137, 263, 274–75
Arellano, Diego Ramírez de, 209
Argentina, 210
Arnold, John, 68, 146
Arnould, Sophie, 114
art, 283–84
artificial horizon, 148, 148n, 198
astrolabes, xv, 27–28, 266
astrology, 25
astronomical clocks, 125, 146
astronomical quadrants, 125, 146. See also Hadley’s quadrant
astronomy, 2, 72–77
Atala (Chateaubriand), 190n
Atlantic Ocean, 87
atmospheric refraction, 69, 76, 300n6
atomic clocks, 67
Australia, 164–65
and Bligh’s explorations, 157
and Cook’s explorations, 90, 96–97, 98–102, 104
and Flinders’s explorations, 163, 170–71
origin of name, 308n8
and Slocum’s circumnavigation, 238
and Vancouver’s explorations, 144
and voyage of the Beagle, 211
Avatscha (Petropavlovsk), 129
aviation, xviii
Azores, 137, 193, 211, 271, 275
Babylonian culture, 24, 58
back staff, 29, 30
Baja California, xvii
Balboa, Vasco Núñez de, 193–94
Banks, Joseph
and Cook’s explorations, 89, 96, 99–100
and Flinders’s explorations, 160, 163, 166, 167
and Vancouver’s explorations, 154, 155
Banks’ Town, 160
Barbados, 78, 102
Baret (Baré), Jeanne, 117
barometers, 206, 216, 274
Bass, George, 159–63, 170–71
Bass Strait, 164–65, 171
Batavia, 51
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br /> Batavia (Jakarta), 43, 103–4, 175, 264–65
Baudin, Nicolas, 171, 173, 182–83
Bauer, Ferdinand, 168
Bay of Biscay, 86
Bay of Fundy, 9
BBC Radio, 193, 217, 240
Beagle, 195–203, 207–12, 215, 219, 226, 231
Beagle Channel, 208, 209
Beaglehole, J. C., 37
Bellerophon, 159
Bering Strait, 94
Berthoud, Ferdinand, 68
Big Bang, 284
bilge pumps, 245
Bird, John, 74
birds, 23, 262, 264
Bismarck, 45, 301n1
Blewitt, Mary, 16
Bligh, William
depicted in film, 1, 36
and fate of mutineers, 43–44
and Flinders, 157–59
journey to Timor, 39–43
mutiny of crew, 38–39
navigation aids used by, 46, 301n3
navigational skill of, xx, 36–37, 39–43, 162
promotions, 37, 37n
blockades, 302n2
Board of Longitude, 63, 66, 68, 106
Botany Bay, 96, 133, 160
Boucher, François, 117, 117n
Bougainville, Louis-Antoine de
background, 113–14
and diplomatic duties, 114–15
and Flinders’s captivity, 183–84
frigate employed by, 98n
and Polynesian navigational skills, 264
and science of expeditions, 114
and the Solomon Islands, xvi
and the Straits of Magellan, 194
and Tahiti, 115–19
and Vancouver’s career, 140
Western Pacific explorations, 119–21
Bounty, xviii, 134
Bowditch, Nathaniel, 237
Boyne, Battle of the, 52
Boyne valley, Ireland, 23
Bradley, James, 73–74
Bradley, John, 32
Brahe, Tycho, 59
Breaker Bay, 206–7, 232
Bridgewater, 177, 180
British Admiralty, 108, 108n
British Columbia, 94, 128
British Grand Fleet, 301n2
British Longitude Act (1714), 62–63, 65–66, 75
British Mariner’s Guide, 76
British Ordnance Survey, 4, 62
Brittany, 5
Bronze Age cultures, 24
Broudou, Eléonore, 123–24, 136
Broughton, William, 153–54
Buache de Neuville, Jean-Nicolas, xvi, 125
Buchanan, Alan, 5
Buenos Aires, 114
Burke, Edmund, 68
Burney, Charles, 138
calendars, 24
California, 126, 140
Campbell, John, 74–75, 303n21
Canadian Navy, 15
cannibals, 134, 160
Canopus, 243
Canton (Guangzhou), 55
Cape Catastrophe, 170
Cape Deliverance, 120
Cape Flattery, 147
Cape Frio, 212–13
Cape Horn
and Anson’s explorations, 52–53
and Bligh’s explorations, 158
and circumnavigation routes, 163n
and Flinders’s explorations, 161
and La Pérouse’s explorations, 126
surveys of, 194–95
and voyage of the Beagle, 203, 208, 209
Cape Kempe, 206
Cape Leeuwin, 168
Cape of Good Hope
and Bligh’s explorations, 157
and Bougainville’s explorations, 121
and Cook’s explorations, 107
and Flinders’s explorations, 161, 168, 182
and Portuguese traders, 59
and Vancouver’s explorations, 144
and voyage of the Beagle, 210–11
Cape Phillip, 195–96
Cape Pillar, 203, 229
Cape Sable, 9, 229
Cape Tamar, 195–96
Cape Town, South Africa, 90, 103, 106
Cape Tribulation, 96–97
Cape Verde Islands, 65
Cape Victory, 197–98
Cape Yorktown Peninsula, 41
Capella, 16
“Captain Vancouver’s Longitudes—1792” (Doe), 308n18
Caroline Islands, 263
Carteret, Philip, xvi, 121
cartography, 60–61, 85–86
Castlereagh, Robert Stewart, Viscount, 200, 217
Cato, 177–80
Celebes Sea, 121
cellular technology, 283
Centurion, 52, 53, 54–55, 303n19
Chappelle, Ann, 163–66, 172, 176, 184–85
Charles II, 200
Charles X, 136
charts, 85–86
Chateaubriand, François-René de, 190n
Chatham, 144, 152, 153
Chaucer Bank, 4
Childers, Erskine, 240
Chile, 54–55, 210
Chiloé, 54, 203
China, 126, 194
Christian, Fletcher, 1–2, 37, 38, 44
Christianity, xiii–xiv
Christmas Sound, 208
chronometers
advances in, 225–26
and Alcyone’s crossing to Azores, 273–74
and Bougainville’s explorations, 114
and changes in navigational skills, 265
and Cook’s explorations, 103, 104, 105–7
and determining longitude, 66, 67, 69–70, 312n10
and Flinders’s explorations, 169, 173–74, 186
issued by British Admiralty, 108, 108n
and La Pérouse’s explorations, 125
and line of equal altitude, 220
price of, 107–8
and reliability issues, 83–84
and Saecwen’s Atlantic crossing, 68–70, 122–23
and the Shackleton expedition, 252, 253
and Slocum’s circumnavigation, 228, 236
and Vancouver’s explorations, 140, 144–45, 146, 148–49
and voyage of the Beagle, 198, 208–9, 212
Churchill, Winston, 301n2
circumnavigations, xiv, 51–56, 163n. See also specific explorers
Clairaut, Alexis Claude de, 73
“clearing the distance,” 77
Clerke, Charles, 95
clocks
astronomical clock, 125, 146
atomic clock, 67
and gravitational field, 303n6
pendulum clock, 59, 63, 65
Slocum’s “tin clock,” 228, 236
See also chronometers; watches
cloud patterns, 264
Cockburn Channel, 232
Cocos-Keeling Islands, 211, 238
The Cold Wall, 17–18
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 104
colliers, 88–90, 97–98
Collignon, Jean Nicolas, 135
collisions, 9–10, 268
colonialism, 86, 95, 267
Columbia, 153
Columbia River, 147, 153–54
Commerson, Philibert de, 117
compasses
and Bligh, 38
compass “roses,” 4
and Cook’s explorations, 96
and dead reckoning, 34
erratic performance of, 169–70
and “Flinders bars,” 170
and Mendaña’s explorations, xv
steering compasses, 45–46, 49–50, 170
sun compasses, 23
A Complete Epitome of Practical Navigation (Norie), 83
computing technology, 224n, 283, 285
Condamine, Charles-Marie de la, 61
Connoissance des Temps (Lacaille), 80, 114, 304n17
Conrad, Joseph, 12, 275–76
Contessa 32, 270
continental shelf, 14, 251, 273
Cook, James
appointed to Endeavour, 89
arrival in Batavia, 103–4
Australia survey, 96–101
&nbs
p; background, 37, 88–89
extent of explorations, 86, 89–93
in Hawaii, 94–95
journals, 96
and La Pérouse’s explorations, 125
navigational skills, 10–11, 102–3, 104–8
return home, 93–94
sense of duty, 95–96
and traditional Polynesian navigation, 263–64
and Vancouver’s career, 140
Copernican Revolution, 17, 59
Copernicus, Nicolas, 58–59
Creamer, Martin, 265
Crean, Tom, 259–61
creation myths, 24
cross-bearings, 12
cross-staff, 29, 30
Cumberland, 181–82
Cupang (Kupang), 43, 44, 175
currents. See tides and tidal currents
Daedalus, 152
Dagelet, Joseph Lepaute, 126, 128–29
Dalrymple, Alexander, 88, 88n, 92
Darwin, Charles, 195, 210–11, 217, 231–32
Davis, John, 30
De Caen, Charles, 182–83, 185
dead reckoning (DR)
author’s experience with, 5
and Batavia wreck, 51
and the Battle of Jutland, 302n2
compared with lunar-distance method, 76
described, 33–34
and determining longitude, 53–54
and line of equal altitude, 220
and Saecwen’s Atlantic crossing, 36, 225
and the Shackleton expedition, 249, 254, 262
and Slocum’s circumnavigation, 230, 233, 236
unreliability of, 213–14
and Vancouver’s explorations, 144
declination of sun, 20, 20–21, 26, 300n6
Defoe, Daniel, 159, 232
Deneb, 16, 275
Denmark Strait, 301n1
Departures, 12, 229
Dépôt des Cartes et Plans de la Marine, 86
Derwent River, 162
DesBarres, Joseph, 11, 15
Diana’s Bank, 119
Diderot, Denis, 114
Diego Ramírez Islands, 209, 240
Dillon, Peter, 134–36
dipping needles, 125
disciplinary issues on ships, 142–43
Discovery, 94, 138–39, 143–44, 151, 153
disease and illnesses
and Bligh’s explorations, 43
and Cook’s explorations, 103, 264–65
dysentery, 43, 52, 103, 175
impact on native populations, 95
and La Pérouse’s explorations, 133
malaria, 43, 103
and Mendaña’s explorations, xiv
and native populations, xiv, 95–96
scurvy, xv, 52, 54, 121, 127, 131–33, 172, 175, 302n10
and sedentary lifestyle, 285
sexually transmitted disease, 95–96, 158, 188–89
and Vancouver’s explorations, 154
dividing engine, 75
Dixon, Jeremiah, 106