The Case Against Socialism
Page 29
5. Reisman, “Why Nazism Was Socialism and Why Socialism Is Totalitarian.”
6. Nick Givas, “Rubio Leads Bipartisan Backlash After De Blasio Quotes Castro Ally Che Guevara,” Fox News, June 27, 2019. https://www.foxnews.com/politics/de-blasio-apologizes-for-che-guevara-quote-seiu.
7. Ibid.
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid.
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. Ibid.
19. Ibid.
20. Ibid.
Chapter 20: Hitler was a Socialist
1. George Watson, “Hitler and the Socialist Dream,” Independent, November 22, 1998, https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/hitler-and-the-socialist-dream-1186455.html.
2. Ibid.
3. Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression, vol. 4, 1946. “Translation of Document 1708-PS,” Washington, DC: Office of United States Chief of Counsel for Prosecution of Axis Criminality, http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/pdf/NT_Nazi_Vol-IV.pdf, 208–11.
4. F. A. Hayek, The Collected Works of F.A. Hayek, vol. 2, The Road to Serfdom (New York: Taylor & Francis, 2008).
5. Jonah Goldberg, “Nazis: Still Socialists,” National Review, February 27, 2014.
6. Ibid.
7. Reisman, “Why Nazism Was Socialism and Why Socialism Is Totalitarian.”
8. Peter Drucker, The End of Economic Man: A Study of the New Totalitarianism (New York: John Day, 1939), 246.
9. George Watson, “Hitler and the Socialist Dream,” Independent, November 22, 1998, https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/hitler-and-the-socialist-dream-1186455.html.
10. Ibid.
11. George Orwell, “Shopkeepers at War,” in The Lion and the Unicorn: Socialism and the English Genius (London, 1941), http://orwell.ru/library/essays/lion/english/e_saw.
12. Watson, “Hitler and the Socialist Dream.”
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid.
17. Gregor Strasser, “Thoughts About the Tasks of the Future: The Spirit of the Economy,” Nazi Ideology before 1933, translated by Barbara Miller Lane and Leila J. Rupp (Manchester, England: Manchester University Press, 1978), 89.
18. Watson, “Hitler and the Socialist Dream.”
19. Ibid.
20. Ibid.
21. Ibid.
22. Ibid.
23. Ibid.
Chapter 21: The Nazis hated Capitalism
1. Chris Calton, “The Myth of ‘Nazi Capitalism,’” Mises Institute, October 30, 2017, https://mises.org/library/myth-nazi-capitalism.
2. Ibid.
3. Hayek, The Road to Serfdom.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
Chapter 22: The Nazis Didn’t Believe in Private Property
1. Ludwig Von Mises, “Planned Chaos,” Mises Institute, April 1, 1961, https://mises.org/library/myth-nazi-capitalism.
2. Reisman, “Why Nazism Was Socialism and Why Socialism Is Totalitarian.”
3. Ayn Rand, “The Fascist New Frontier,” Ayn Rand Column, http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/fascism-nazism.html.
4. Leonard Peikoff, “The Cause of Nazism,” in The Ominous Parallels (New York: Stein & Day, 1982), http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/fascism-nazism.html.
5. Chris Calton, “The Myth of ‘Nazi Capitalism,’” Mises Institute, October 30, 2017, https://mises.org/library/myth-nazi-capitalism.
6. Adam Young, “Nazism Is Socialism,” Mises Institute, September 1, 2001, https://mises.org/library/nazism-socialism.
7. Calton, “The Myth of ‘Nazi Capitalism.’”
8. Young, “Nazism Is Socialism.”
9. Ibid.
10. Ralph Reiland, “National Socialism,” Mises Institute, September 28, 1998, https://mises.org/es/library/national-socialism.
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid.
13. Young, “Nazism Is Socialism.”
14. Ibid.
15. Reisman, “Why Nazism Was Socialism and Why Socialism Is Totalitarian.”
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. Young, “Nazism is Socialism.”
Chapter 23: Socialism Encourages Eugenics
1. George Watson, “Hitler and the Socialist Dream,” Independent, November 22, 1998, https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/hitler-and-the-socialist-dream-1186455.html.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid.
4. Jonathan Freedland, “Eugenics: The Skeleton That Rattles Loudest in the Left’s Closet,” Guardian, February 17, 2012, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/feb/17/eugenics-skeleton-rattles-loudest-closet-left.
5. Ibid.
6. John J. Conley, “Margaret Sanger Was a Eugenicist,” America Magazine, November 27, 2017, https://www.americamagazine.org/politics-society/2017/11/27/margaret-sanger-was-eugenicist-why-are-we-still-celebrating-her.
7. Ibid.
8. Freedland, “Eugenics: The Skeleton that Rattles Loudest in the Left’s Closet.”
9. Ibid.
10. Gavan Tredoux, Comrade Haldane Is Too Busy to Go on Holiday (New York: Encounter Books, 2018).
11. Ibid.
12. Freedland, “Eugenics: The Skeleton that Rattles Loudest in the Left’s Closet.”
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid.
15. Matthew McCaffrey, “The Economic Evil of Eugenics,” Mises Institute, February 2, 2017, https://mises.org/wire/economic-evil-eugenics.
16. Freedland, “Eugenics: The Skeleton that Rattles Loudest in the Left’s Closet.”
17. Ibid.
18. Watson, “Hitler and the Socialist Dream.”
19. Ibid.
Chapter 24: Your Degree of Enthusiasm for Socialism May Decide Whether You Live or Die
1. Alexander Solzhenitsyn, The Gulag Archipelago (New York: Harper & Row, 1975), https://archive.org/details/TheGulagArchipelago-Threevolumes/page/n1.
2. Michael Brendan Dougherty, “The Rand Paul Clap Gap,” Week, March 5, 2015, https://theweek.com/articles/542480/rand-paul-clap-gap-why-gop-afraid-have-real-debate-about-foreign-policy.
3. Seth Lipsky, “Unlike Obama, Rand Paul and Congress Have Israel’s Back,” Haaretz, May 4, 2014, https://www.haaretz.com/opinion/.premium-rand-paul-and-congress-have-israel-s-back-1.5247155.
4. Dougherty, “The Rand Paul Clap Gap.”
5. Matt Purple, “Rand Paul Found Guilty of Not Clapping Hard Enough for Bibi Netanyahu,” Rare, March 4, 2015, https://rare.us/rare-politics/youre-not-helping/rand-paul-found-guilty-of-not-clapping-hard-enough-for-bibi-netanyahu/.
Chapter 25: Socialism Promises Equality and Leads to Tyranny
1. Richard M. Ebeling, “Why Socialism Is Impossible,” Foundation for Economic Education, October 1, 2004, https://fee.org/articles/why-socialism-is-impossible/.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid.
4. Ebeling, “Why Socialism Is Impossible.”
5. Mao Tse-tung, Quotations from Chairman Mao (Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1974).
6. Riazat Butt, “Darwinism, Through a Chinese Lens,” Guardian, November 16, 2009, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/belief/2009/nov/16/darwin-evolution-china-politics.
7. Maurice Meisner, Mao’s China and After (New York: Free Press, 1999), 17.
8. James Piereson, “Socialism as a Hate Crime,” New Criterion, August 21, 2018, https://www.newcriterion.com/blogs/dispatch/socialism-as-a-hate-crime-9746.
9. Nicholas D. Kristof, “China’s Rise Goes Beyond Gold Medals,” Spiegel Online, August 21, 2008, https://www.spiegel.de/international/nicholas-d-kristof-china-s-rise-goes-beyond-gold-medals-a-573436.html.
10. Frank Dikötter, Mao’s Great Famine: The History of China’s Most Devastating Catastrophe, 1958–62 (New York: Walker Books, 2010), 333.
11. Frank Dikötter, “Q. & A.: Frank Dik
ötter on Famine and Mao,” interview by Evan Osnos, New Yorker, December 15, 2010, https://www.newyorker.com/news/evan-osnos/q-a-frank-diktter-on-famine-and-mao.
12. Frank Dikötter, “Mao’s Great Leap to Famine,” New York Times, December 15, 2010, https://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/16/opinion/16iht-eddikotter16.html.
13. Ibid.
14. Yang Jisheng, Tombstone: The Great Chinese Famine, 1958–1962 (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2013), translated by Edward Friedman, 40.
15. Yang Jisheng, “How Friedrich Hayek Helped Me to Understand China’s Economic Tragedy,” Forbes, May 30, 2013, https://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2013/05/30/how-friedrich-hayek-helped-me-to-understand-chinas-economic-tragedy/#6db026f343e0.
16. Dikötter, “Q. & A.: Frank Dikötter on Famine and Mao.”
17. Yang Jisheng, “How Friedrich Hayek Helped Me to Understand China’s Economic Tragedy.”
18. Ibid.
Chapter 26: All Aspects of Culture Eventually Become Targets for the Planners
1. Tom Phillips, “The Cultural Revolution: All You Need to Know About China’s Political Convulsion,” Guardian, May 10, 2016, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/11/the-cultural-revolution-50-years-on-all-you-need-to-know-about-chinas-political-convulsion.
2. Ming Wang, From Darkness to Sight ([n.p.]: Dunham Books, 2016).
3. Phillips, “The Cultural Revolution.”
4. Alice Shen, “During the Cultural Revolution He Had to Toil in the Fields, Now He’s Leading China’s Biggest Ever Antarctic Mission,” South China Morning Post, December 5, 2018, https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/2176362/during-cultural-revolution-he-had-toil-fields-now-hes-leading.
5. Chris Buckley, Didi Kirsten Tatlow, Jane Perlez, and Amy Qin, “Voices from China’s Cultural Revolution,” New York Times, May 16, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/05/16/world/asia/17china-cultural-revolution-voices.html.
6. Ibid.
7. Zehao Zhou, “I Survived China’s Horrific Cultural Revolution,” York Daily Record, May 11, 2016, https://www.ydr.com/story/opinion/columnists/2016/05/11/survived-chinas-horrific-cultural-revolution-column/84192734/.
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid.
10. Karoline Kan, “My Uncle Was a Red Guard in China’s Cultural Revolution. He Isn’t Sorry,” Foreign Policy, May 16, 2016, https://foreignpolicy.com/2016/05/16/my-uncle-was-a-red-guard-in-chinas-cultural-revolution-he-isnt-sorry/.
11. Ibid.
12. Tania Branigan, “China’s Cultural Revolution,” Guardian, March 27, 2013, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/27/china-cultural-revolution-sons-guilt-zhang-hongping.
13. David McKenzie and Steven Jiang, “Murdered for Mao,” CNN, June 4, 2014, https://www.cnn.com/2014/06/04/world/asia/china-maoist-scars/index.html.
14. David Segal, “China Brings Its Past to Ping-Pong’s Birthplace,” New York Times, July 29, 2012, https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/30/sports/olympics/china-brings-its-past-to-ping-pongs-birthplace.html.
Chapter 27: If No One Has to Work, No One Will
1. David Kestenbaum and Jacob Goldstein, “The Secret Document That Transformed China,” NPR, January 20, 2012, http://www.npr.org/sections/money/2012/01/20/145360447/the-secret-document-that-transformed-china.
Chapter 28: The Cure for Failed Socialism is Always More Socialism
1. Robin McDowell, “Pol Pot: Mistakes Were Made,” AP News, October 23, 1997, https://www.apnews.com/2a1128d4b0c52563496f1e296df0a229.
2. Martin Woollacott, “King Norodom Sihanouk Obituary,” Guardian, October 15, 2012, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/oct/15/king-norodom-sihanouk.
3. Andrew Cook, “Lost in Cambodia,” Guardian, January 9, 2010, https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/jan/10/malcolm-caldwell-pol-pot-murder.
4. Vincent Cook, “Pol Pot and the Marxist Ideal,” Department of Economics and Mercatus Center, George Mason University, http://econfaculty.gmu.edu/bcaplan/museum/cook.htm.
5. Morgan O. Reynolds, “The Cambodian Experiment in Retrospect,” Foundation for Economic Education, May 1, 1989, https://fee.org/articles/the-cambodian-experiment-in-retrospect/.
6. Ibid.
7. Cook, “Pol Pot and the Marxist Ideal.”
8. Meg Sullivan, “UCLA Demographer Produces Best Estimate Yet of Cambodia’s Death Toll Under Pol Pot,” UCLA Newsroom, April 16, 2015, https://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/ucla-demographer-produces-best-estimate-yet-of-cambodias-death-toll-under-pol-pot.
9. Reynolds, “The Cambodian Experiment in Retrospect.”
10. James Piereson, “Socialism as a Hate Crime,” New Criterion, August 21, 2018, https://www.newcriterion.com/blogs/dispatch/socialism-as-a-hate-crime-9746.
11. Reynolds, “The Cambodian Experiment in Retrospect.”
12. Elaine McArdle, “Killing Fields of Choeung Ek, Phnom Penh, Cambodia: The Saddest Sight of All,” The Whole World Is a Playground, June 13, 2014, https://www.thewholeworldisaplayground.com/killing-fields-choeung-ek-phnom-penh-cambodia/.
13. Ibid.
14. Georgie Anne Geyer, “French Marxism and Young Cambodians Were a Deadly Mix,” Chicago Tribune, June 27, 1997, https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1997-06-27-9706270087-story.html.
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. “‘Killing Fields’ Death Toll May Be Closer to 2 Million,” Washington Post, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1997/01/26/killing-fields-death-toll-may-be-closer-to-2-million/755b1cd0-f09e-4b11-98c8-cef6e11be45e/?utm_term=.02324da35779.
19. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, The Gulag Archipelago, 1918–1956 (New York: Basic Books, 1997), 173.
20. Geyer, “French Marxism and Young Cambodians Were a Deadly Mix.”
21. McArdle, “Killing Fields of Choeung Ek, Phnom Penh, Cambodia: The Saddest Sight of All.”
22. Reynolds, “The Cambodian Experiment in Retrospect.”
23. Cook, “Pol Pot and the Marxist Ideal.”
24. Reynolds, “The Cambodian Experiment in Retrospect.”
Chapter 29: Poetry can be dangerous under Socialism
1. Osip Mandelstam, “The Stalin Epigram,” Poets.org, translated by W. S. Merwin and Clarence Brown, 1989, https://www.poets.org/poetsorg/poem/stalin-epigram.
2. Viv Groskop, The Anna Karenina Fix (New York: Abrams, 2005).
3. Eimear McBride, “‘It Gets People Killed’: Osip Mandelstam and the Perils of Writing Poetry Under Stalin,” New Statesman, May 9, 2017, https://www.newstatesman.com/culture/poetry/2017/05/it-gets-people-killed-osip-mandelstam-and-perils-writing-poetry-under-stalin.
4. Ibid.
5. Nadezha Mandelstam, Hope Against Hope: A Memoir, translated by Max Hayward (London: Modern Library, 1999), 83.
6. Carl Schreck and Nikita Tatarsky, “Tortured Past,” Radio Free Europe, December 27, 2018, https://www.rferl.org/a/russian-memorial-victims-and-perpetrators-of-stalin-s-purges-stand-side-by-side/29679174.html.
7. John Crowfoot, “Witness to the Persecution,” Guardian, April 16, 2004, https://www.theguardian.com/books/2004/apr/17/featuresreviews.guardianreview9; Anonymous Writers, “Mandelstam’s ‘Ode’ to Stalin,” Cambridge University Press, https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/EEE7E9FF664CE46C4FE8F8E25E12AC5D/S0037677900068066a.pdf/div-class-title-mandelstam-s-ode-to-stalin-div.pdf.
8. Milan Kundera, The Book of Laughter and Forgetting (New York: Harper Perennial, 1999), 3–4.
9. George Orwell, 1984 (New York: Signet Classics, 1961), 75.
10. Schreck and Tatarsky, “Tortured Past.”
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid.
13. “‘Whisperers’ of Stalin’s Russia Find Their Voice,” NPR, Weekend Edition, December 22, 2007, https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=17376494.
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid.
16. Eugenia Semyonovna Ginzburg, Journey into the Whirlwind, translated by Paul Stevenson and Max Hayward (New York: Harcourt, 1967), 174.