The Wealth and Poverty of Nations: Why Some Are So Rich and Some So Poor

by David S. Landes

  Malcomson, Scott L. 1994. Empire’s Edge: Travels in South-Eastern Europe, Turkey and Central Asia. London: Verso.

  Mamdani, Mahmood. 1996. Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press.

  Mankiw, Gregory, David Romer, and David Weil. 1992. “A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth,” QJE, 107, 2 (May), 407-37.

  Manning, Patrick. 1988. “The Impact of Slave Trade Exports on the Population of the Western Coast of Africa, 1700-1850,” in Daget, ed., De la traite à I’esclavage.

  Mannix, Daniel P., with Malcolm Cowley. 1962. Black Cargoes: A History of the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1518-1865. New York: Viking.

  March, Andrew L. 1974. The Idea of China: Myth and Theory in Geographic Thought. New York: Praeger.

  Marco Polo—see Komroff.

  Marcus, G. J. 1981. The Conquest of the North Atlantic. New York: Oxford Univ. Press.

  Marin, Manuela, et Joseph Perez, eds. 1992. Minorités religieuses dans l’Espagne médiévale. Special issue of Revue du monde musulman et de la Méditerranée, 63-64. Aix-en-Provence: Editions EDISUD.

  Markham, Clements R., ed. 1877. The Voyages of Sir James Lancaster, Kt, to the East Indies. London: Hakluyt Society.

  Marples, David R. 1988. The Social Impact of the Chernobyl Disaster. Edmonton: Univ. of Alberta Press.

  Marseille, Jacques. 1984. Empire colonial et capitalisme français: Histoire d’un divorce. Paris: Albin Michel.

  —————. 1997. Puissance et faiblesses de la France industrielle XIXe-XXe siècle. Paris: Seuil.

  Marshall, Joseph. 1773. Travels Through Holland, Flanders, Germany, Denmark…in the Years 1768, 1769 and 1770. 3 vols. London.

  Marshall, Peter James. 1968. Problems of Empire: Britain and India, 1757-1813. London: Allen & Unwin.

  —————. 1976. East Indian Fortunes: The British in Bengal in the Eighteenth Century. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

  —————, ed. 1981. The Writings and Speeches of Edmund Burke. Vol. 5. India: Madras and Bengal 1774-1785. General editor, Paul Langford. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.

  —————. 1988. “British Assessments of the Dutch in Asia in the Age of Raffles,” Itinerario, 12, 1: 1-15.

  Marshall, Ray, and Marc Tucker. 1992. Thinking for a Living: Education and the Wealth of Nations. New York: Basic Books.

  Martin, John Frederick. 1991. Profits in the Wilderness: Entrepreneurship and the Founding of New England Towns in the Seventeenth Century. Chapel Hill: Univ. North Carolina Press.

  Martin Acena, Pablo, and Leandro Prados de la Escosura, eds. 1985. La nueva historia economica en España. Madrid: Tecnos.

  Martinez, Albert B, and Maurice Lewandowski. 1911. The Argentine in the Twentieth Century. London: T. Fisher Unwin.

  Marx, Karl. 1906. Capital: A Critique of Political Economy. 2d American ed., from 4th German; ed. Frederick Engels. New York: Charles H. Kerr; reprint Modern Library.

  Mason, S. F. 1953. “The Scientific Revolution and the Protestant Reformation,” Annals of Science, 9, 1 (March), 64-87; 9, 2 (June), 154-75.

  —————. 1953. “Science and Religion in Seventeenth-century England,” Past & Present, 3 (February).

  Mass, William, and William Lazonick. 1991. “The British Cotton Industry and International Competitive Advantage: The State of the Debates,” in Rose, ed., International Competition, pp. 9-65.

  Masselman, George. 1963. The Cradle of Colonialism. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press.

  Massie, Robert K. 1991. Dreadnought: Britain, Germany, and the Coming of the Great War. New York: Random House.

  Masters, Bruce. 1988. The Origins of Western Economic Dominance in the Middle East: Mercantilism and the Islamic Economy in Aleppo, 1600-1750. New York: NYU Press.

  Mathias, Peter, ed. 1972. Science and Society, 1600-1900. Cambridge: Univ. Press.

  —————. 1973. “Capital, Credit and Enterprise in the Industrial Revolution,” J. Europ. Econ. Hist., 2, 1 (Spring), 121-3.

  —————. 1975. “Skills and the Diffusion of Innovations from Britain in the Eighteenth Century,” Trans. Royal Hist. Soc., 5th series, 25: 93-113.

  —————, and John A. Davis, eds. 1989. The First Industrial Revolutions. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

  Mathias, Peter, and M. M. Postan, eds. 1978. The Cambridge Economic History of Europe. Vol. VII. The Industrial Economies: Capital, Labour, and Enterprise. Part 2. The United States, Japan, and Russia. Cambridge: Univ. Press.

  Mathur, Gautam. 1965. Planning for Steady Growth. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.

  Matossian, Mary. 1958. “Ideologies of Delayed Industrialization: Some Tensions and Ambiguities,” Econ. Devel. and Cult. Change, 6.

  Matthews, R. C. O, C. H. Feinstein, and J. C. Odling-Smee. 1982. British Economic Growth 1856-1973. Stanford: Stanford Univ. Press.

  Mauny, Raymond. 1960. Les navigations médiévales sur les côtes sahariennes antérieures à la découverte portugaies [sic] (1434). Lisbon: Centro de Estudios historicos ultramarinos.

  Mauro, Frédéric. 1960. Le Portugal et l’ Atlantique au XVIIe siècle (1570-1670): Étude économique. Paris: SEVPEN.

  —————. 1990. “Merchant Communities, 1350-1750,” in Tracy, ed., Rise of Merchant Empires, pp. 255-86.

  Mauro, Paolo. 1995. “Corruption and Growth,” QJE, 110, 3 (August), 681-712.

  Maybury-Lewis, David. 1977. “Societies on the Brink,” Harvard Magazine (January-February): 56-61.

  McAlister, Lyle N. 1984. Spain and Portugal in the New World, 1492-1700. Minneapolis: Univ. of Minnesota Press.

  McCloskey, Donald N. 1970. “Did Victorian Britain Fail?”, Econ. Hist. Rev., 2d ser., 23, 3 (December), 446-59.

  —————, ed. 1971. Essays on a Mature Economy: Britain After 1840. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press.

  —————. 1990. If You’re So Smart: The Narrative of Economic Expertise. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.

  —————. 1994. “1780-1860: A Survey,” in Floud and McCloskey, eds. Economic History of Britain, 2d, rev. ed., I, 242-70.

  —————, and Lars G. Sandberg. 1971. “From Damnation to Redemption: Judgments on the Late Victorian Entrepreneur,” Explor. Econ. Hist., 9, 1 (Fall), 89-108.

  McCloskey, D. N., and Jean-Pierre Dormois, eds. 1996. “The British Industrial ‘Decline’ Reconsidered.” Papers presented at a conference on “Roots of the British Industrial Decline…” Montpellier, 22-23 September 1995.

  McConnell, Anita. 1994. “From Craft Workshop to Big Business: The London Scientific Instrument Trade’s Response to Increasing Demand, 1750-1820,” London J., 19: 36-53.

  McCulloch, J. R., ed. 1856/1952. [A Select Collection of] Early English Tracts on Commerce. London: Political Economy Club; reprint Cambridge: Econ. Hist. Society.

  McCusker, John J., and Russell R. Menard. 1985. The Economy of British America, 1607-1789. Chapel Hill: Univ. of North Carolina Press.

  McKendrick, Neil. 1960. “Josiah Wedgwood: An Eighteenth-Century Entrepreneur in Salesmanship and Marketing Techniques,” Econ. Hist. Rev., 2d ser., 13 (April), 408-33.

  McKendrick, Neil, John Brewer, and J. H. Plumb. 1982. The Birth of a Consumer Society: Commercialization of Eighteenth-Century England. London: Europa Publications.

  McNeill, William H. 1963. The Rise of the West: A History of the Human Community. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press. Eul. ed., 1991.

  —————. 1982. The Pursuit of Power: Technology, Armed Force, and Society since A.D. 1000. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.

  —————. 1991. “American Food Crops in the Old World,” in A. Viola and C. Margolis, eds., Seeds of Change: A Quincentennial Celebration. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution.

  McRae, Hamish. 1995. The World in 2020: Power, Culture and Prosperity. Boston: Harvard Business School.

  Medvedev, Grigori. 1991. The Truth About Chernobyl. New York: Basic Books.

  Mehrens, Bernhard. 1911. Die Entstehung und Entwicklung der grossen französisch
en Kreditinstitute mit Berucksichtigung ihres Einflusses auf die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung Frankreichs. Stuttgart and Berlin: J. G. Cotta.

  Mehta, Ved. 1970/1993. Portrait of India. New York: Farrar, Strauss & Giroux; New Haven: Yale Univ. Press.

  Meier, Gerald M. 1989. “Theoretical Issues Concerning the History of International Trade and Economic Development,” in Holtfrerich, ed., Interactions in the World Economy, pp. 33-58.

  Meier, Gerald M., and Dudley Seers, eds. 1984. Pioneers in Development. New York: Oxford Univ. Press for the World Bank.

  Meilink-Roelofsz, M.A.F. 1962. Asian Trade and European Influence. The Hague: W. Nijhoff.

  Meinig, Donald William. 1986. The Shaping of America: A Geographical Perspective on 500 Years of History. Vol. I. Atlantic America, 1492-1800. New Haven: Yale.

  Mendelssohn, Kurt. 1976. The Secret of Western Domination. New York: Praeger.

  Merlin, Pierre. 1996. Espoir pour l’Afrique noire. 2d ed., Dakar: Présence Africaine.

  Mernissi, Fatima. 1993. Islam and Democracy: Fear of the Modern World. London: Virago.

  Meyer, Gordon. 1965. The River and the People. London: Methuen; Readers’ Union ed., 1967.

  Meyer, Jean. 1975. Les Européens et les autres: De Cortés à Washington. Paris: Armand Colin.

  Michaud, Claude. 1995. “Orléans au XVIIIe siècle: Quelques perspectives nouvelles,” Bull, de la Soc. d’hist. mod. et contemp. (Supplement to the Rev. d’hist. mod. et contemp., 42), 1-2, pp. 7-13.

  Mill, John Stuart. 1869/1975. The Subjection of Women. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, paperback ed.: John Stuart Mill, Three Essays.

  Miller, Joseph C. 1988. Way of Death: Merchant Capitalism and the Angolan Slave Trade 1730-1830. Madison: Univ. of Wisconsin Press.

  Miller, Judith. 1996. God Has Ninety-nine Names: Reporting from a Militant Middle East. New York: Simon & Schuster.

  Miller, Rory. 1995. “British Investment in Latin America, 1850-1950: A Reappraisal,” Itinerario, 19, 3: 21-52.

  Miller, Russell. 1980. The Seafarers: The East Indiamen. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books.

  Miller, William, ed. 1952. Men in Business: Essays in the History of Entrepreneurship. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.

  Milward, Alan S., and S. Berrick Saul. 1973. The Economic Development of Continental Europe 1780-1870. Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Littlefield.

  Minami, Ryoshin. 1987. Power Revolution in the Industrialization of Japan: 1885-1940. Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University, Economic Research Series No. 24. Tokyo: Kinokuniya.

  —————. 1994. The Economic Development of Japan: A Quantitative Study. 2d ed., London: Macmillan.

  Minois, Georges. 1990/91. L’Eglise et la science: Histoire d’un malentendu. 2 vols. Paris: Fayard.

  Mintz, Sidney W. 1985. Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History. New York: Viking, Elisabeth Sifton.

  Miquel, Pierre. 1994. Les Polytechniciens. Paris: Plon.

  Mirabeau, Honoré Gabriel Riquetti, Comte de. 1832. Mirabeau’s Letters, during His Residences in England. 2 vols.; London: Effingham Wilson. These letters date from the 1780s.

  Mitchell, Timothy. 1991. Colonising Egypt. Berkeley, CA: Univ. of Calif. Press.

  Mitra, Debendra Bijoy. 1978. The Cotton Weavers of Bengal 1757-1833. Calcutta: Firma KLM.

  Mitsui, Takafusa. 1961. “Some Observations on Merchants” (trans, and ed. E. S. Crawcour), Trans. Asiatic Soc. Japan, 3rd Ser. 8: 1-139. The text dates from the 1720s.

  Miyamoto, Matao. 1986. “Emergence of National Market and Commercial Activities in Tokugawa Japan, with Special Reference to the Development of the Rice Market,” Osaka Economic Papers, 36, 1-2 (September), 291-310.

  —————. 1988. “The Products and Market Strategies of the Osaka Cotton Spinning Company,” Japanese Yearbook on Business History, 5: 117-59.

  Miyoshi, Masao. 1994. As We Saw Them: The First Japanese Embassy to the United States. New York: Kodansha International.

  Mody, H. H. N. 1967. Japanese Clocks. Rutland, VT: Tuttle.

  Moffett, Matt, and Jonathan Friedland. 1996. “A New Latin America Faces a Devil of Old: Rampant Corruption,” Wall Street Journal, 1 July, p. 1.

  Moine, Jean-Marie. 1989. Les barons dufer: Les maîtres de forges en Lorraine du milieu du 191 siècle aux années trente; histoire sociale d’un patronat sidérurgique. Nancy: Editions Serpenoise; Presses Universitaires de Nancy.

  Mokyr, Joel. 1976. Industrialization in the Low Countries, 1795-1850. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press.

  —————, ed. 1985. The Economics of the Industrial Revolution. London: Allen & Unwin.

  —————. 1990. Lever of Riches: Technological Creativity and Economic Progress. New York: Oxford Univ. Press.

  —————, ed.. 1993a. The British Industrial Revolution: An Economic Perspective. Boulder: Westview.

  —————. 1993b. “Urbanization, Technological Progress and Economic History.” Typescript.

  —————. 1994. “Technological Change, 1700-1830,” in Floud and McCloskey, eds., Economic History of Britain Since 1700, 2d ed., I, 12-13.

  Molinas, C, and L. Prados de la Escosura. 1989. “Was Spain Different? Spanish Historical Backwardness Revisited,” Explor. Econ. Hist., 26,4 (October), 385-102.

  Mollat, Michel, ed. 1965. Les grandes voies maritimes dans le monde: XVe-XIXe siècles. Paris: SEVPEN.

  Monaghan, Peter. 1994. “A Writer ‘to Be Reckoned With,’” Chronicle of Higher Education, 40, 45 (13 July): A-8, A-12.

  Mondain, P. 1976. “Un conflit oublié: la guerre du Paraguay contre la Triple Alliance, 1864-1870,” Rev. historique, 520: 385-418.

  Montenay, Yves, and Le Club de l’Horloge, eds. 1983. Le socialisme contre le tiers monde. Paris: Albin Michel.

  Montgomery, James. 1840. A Practical Detail of the Cotton Manufacture of the United States of America. Glasgow.

  Moor, J. A. De, and H. L. Wesseling, eds. 1989. Imperialism and War: Essays on Colonial Wars in Asia and Africa. Leiden: Brill; Leiden University Press.

  Moore, Sally Falk. 1958. Power and Property in Inca Peru. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.

  Morawetz, David. 1977. Twenty-five Years of Economic Development, 1950 to 1975. Washington, DC: World Bank.

  Morison, Elting E. 1966. Men, Machines, and Modern Times. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.

  Morita, Akio, with Edwin M. Reingold and Mitsuko Shimomura. 1986. Made in Japan: Akio Morita and Sony. New York: Dutton.

  Morley, Samuel A. 1975. “What to Do about Foreign Direct Investment: A Host Country Perspective,” Studies in Comp. Internat. Develop., 10: 45-66.

  Mörner, Magnus. 1976. “Spanish Migration to the New World Prior to 1810: A Report on the State of the Research,” in Chiappelli, ed., First Images of America, II, 723-82.

  Morris, Jan. 1985/1997. Hong Kong: Epilogue to an Empire. New York: Vintage Departures.

  Morris-Suzuki, Tessa. 1994. The Technological Transformation of Japan from the Seventeenth to the Twenty-first Century. Cambridge: Univ. Press.

  Morse, Richard M. 1964. “The Heritage of Latin America,” in Louis Hartz et al., The Founding of New Societies. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World, pp. 123-77.

  Mosk, Sanford A. 1948. “Latin America and the World Economy, 1850-1914,” Inter-American Econ. Affairs, 2: 53-82.

  —————. 1951. “Latin America versus the United States,” Amer. Econ. Rev., 41, 2 (May), 367-83.

  Moss, R. P. 1992. “Environmental Constraints on Development in Tropical Africa,” in M. B. Gleave, ed., Tropical African Development: Geographical Perspectives. Burnt Mill, Harlow: Longmans; New York: John Wiley, pp. 50-92.

  Mossner, Ernest Campbell, and Ian Simpson Ross, eds. 1987. The Correspondence of Adam Smith. 2d ed., Oxford: Clarendon Press.

  Mosteshar, Cherry. 1995. Unveiled: One Woman’s Nightmare in Iran. New York: St. Martin’s Press.

  Mottahedeh, Roy P. 1995. “The Islamic Movement: The Case for Democratic Inclusion,” Contention, 4, 3 (Spring), 107-27.

&
nbsp; —————. 1996. “The Clash of Civilizations: An Islamicist’s Critique,” Harvard Middle Eastern & Islamic Rev., 2, 2: 1-26.

  Mousnier, Roland. 1951. “L’évolution des finances publiques en France et en Angleterre pendant les guerres de la Ligue d’Augsbourg et de la Succession d’Espagne,” Rev. historique, 205: 1-23.

  Moussa, Pierre. 1962. The Underprivileged Nations. London: Sidgwick & Jackson. French ed., 1959, Les nations prolétaires. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.