The Ghost

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The Ghost Page 37

by Jefferson Morley


  66.  Angleton and Murphy, American Cause, 3. Murphy and Angleton were close friends and coauthored this collection of essays. Their views on détente were very similar.

  67.  Ibid., 11.

  68.  Cram, “Of Moles and Mole Hunters,” 8.

  69.  “Clare Edward Petty, Cold Warrior and Spycatching CIA Officer, Dies at 90,” Washington Post, April 15, 2011; available at https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/clare-edward-petty-cold-warrior-and-spycatching-cia-officer-dies-at-90/2011/04/13/AFGpYziD_story.html. The CIA has never declassified Petty’s report, which was reputedly mammoth and detailed.

  70.  Washington Post, August 6, 1974.

  71.  William Greider, “Amidst Mussed Hair and Trivia, a Smoking Gun,” Washington Post, August 7, 1974.

  72.  See http://watergate.info/chronology/1974-chronology.

  73.  Oliver Burkeman, “Scoop,” Guardian, October 8, 2004; available at http://www.theguardian.com/books/2004/oct/09/pulitzerprize.awardsandprizes.

  74.  Ford, William E. Colby, 97.

  75.  Seymour M. Hersh, “Huge CIA Operation Reported in U.S. Against Antiwar Forces, Other Dissidents in Nixon Years,” New York Times, December 22, 1974.

  76.  To William Colby from Richard Helms, December 22, 1974, Richard M. Helms Papers, box 17, folder labeled “Seymour Hersh,” Georgetown University.

  77.  Colby and Forbath, Honorable Men, 377.

  78.  Randall B. Woods, Shadow Warrior: William Egan Colby and the CIA (New York: Basic Books, 2013), 330.

  79.  Riebling, Wedge, 323.

  80.  “The CIA’s ‘Illegal Domestic Spying,’” Washington Post, January 5, 1975.

  81.  Testimony of Deputy Chief of CI Staff, undated, American Civil Liberties Union Records, box 4108, Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton University.

  82.  Memorandum for Inspector General, “Audit of Chaos Program,” August 22, 1975, American Civil Liberties Union Records, box 4108, Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton University.

  83.  If anything, the Times story underestimated the extent of the Agency’s domestic spy operations. While Hersh mentioned that the CIA had opened the mail of Americans opposed to the Vietnam War, the article portrayed the epistolary surveillance as merely one part of the program to spy on the antiwar movement. Unbeknownst to Hersh, the LINGUAL mail-opening operation was separate from CHAOS, much larger and much older.

  84.  Author’s interview with David Martin, June 23, 2015.

  85.  Daniel Schorr, Clearing the Air (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1977), 135.

  86.  Ibid., 134–37.

  87.  NBC, CBS, and ABC news broadcasts, December 24, 1974, Vanderbilt Television News Archive.

  88.  Phillips, Night Watch, 265.

  89.  Mangold, Cold Warrior, 323–24.

  90.  “George T. Kalaris, 73, Official Who Changed CIA’s Direction,” New York Times, September 14, 1995; available at http://nyti.ms/2dkI6q7.

  91.  Wise, Molehunt, 41.

  92.  Prados, Family Jewels, 23.

  93.  Ibid., 26.

  94.  Ibid., 28.

  95.  Cheney’s memo is in the Richard B. Cheney Files, box 5, folder labeled “Intelligence—Colby Report,” Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.

  96.  Prados, Family Jewels, 34.

  97.  Powers, Man Who Kept the Secrets, 374.

  98.  Letter from Tom Karamessines to Cord Meyer, January 6, 1975, Cord Meyer Papers, box 2, folder 5, Library of Congress.

  99.  Letter from Efraim Halevy to James Angleton, January 5, 1975.

  100.  Letter from Reed Whittemore to Cord Meyer, January 13, 1975, Cord Meyer Papers, box 2, folder 5, Library of Congress.

  101.  Kathryn S. Olmsted, Challenging the Secret Government: The Post-Watergate Investigations on the CIA and FBI (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996), 49–50.

  102.  Angleton and Murphy, American Cause, 7.

  103.  Bill Miller, Oral History, First Interview, May 5, 2014, 12, Senate Historical Office.

  104.  Ibid., 13.

  105.  Bill Miller, Oral History, Third Interview, 6–7, Senate Historical Office, unpublished.

  106.  Letter from James Angleton to Cord Meyer, January 26, 1975, Cord Meyer Papers, box 2, folder 5, Library of Congress.

  107.  Olmsted, Challenging the Secret Government, 59.

  108.  Angleton had taken notes in October 1961 when Peter Wright explained to Bill Harvey the virtues of using poison gas. When Harvey turned to Johnny Rosselli to carry out the hit in June 1963, Angleton protected both of them from the FBI’s surveillance teams. He had explored the possibility of hypnotizing an assassin in July 1963. And in 1965, Angleton buried Harold Swenson’s memo, warning that the AMLASH operation to assassinate Castro was known to its target before November 22.

  109.  Prados, Family Jewels, 33.

  110.  Olmsted, Challenging the Secret Government, 61.

  111.  Author’s interview with David Martin, June 23, 2015.

  112.  Washington Post, March 6, 1975.

  113.  Warren Commission report, 3.

  114.  Shenon, Cruel and Shocking Act, 578–79.

  115.  David Talbot, Brothers, The Hidden History of the Kennedy Years (New York: Free Press, 2007), 275.

  116.  Powers, Man Who Kept the Secrets, 367.

  117.  Schorr, Clearing the Air, 147.

  118.  Smith W. Thomas, Encyclopedia of the Central Intelligence Agency (New York: Infobase Publishing, 2003), 15.

  119.  Letter from James Angleton to Cord Meyer, April 28, 1975, Cord Meyer Papers, box 2, folder 5, Library of Congress.

  120.  “Report by James J. Angleton,” 30, box 7, folder labeled “Intelligence—Report by James J. Angleton,” Richard B. Cheney Files, Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.

  121.  Huston Plan, 51.

  122.  Ibid., 52–53.

  123.  Ibid., 59–75.

  124.  Quotes from all three September 24, 1975, broadcasts come from footage provided by Vanderbilt Television News Archive.

  125.  Epstein, Deception, 100–101.

  126.  Burleigh, Very Private Woman, 298–99.

  127.  Author’s interview with Edward Epstein, June 12, 2015.

  128.  Ashley, CIA Spymaster, 288.

  129.  “Trailblazer Awards,” James McCargar Papers, box 20, folder 23, Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center, Boston University.

  130.  Benjamin B. Fischer, “Double Troubles: The CIA and Double Agents During the Cold War,” International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 29, no. 1 (2016): 49.

  131.  Hood, Nolan, and Halpern, Myths Surrounding James Angleton.

  132.  In 1967, Deputy Director Rufus Taylor warned Dick Helms that the situation in the Soviet Russia Division was unhealthy, that fears of Soviet penetration had disrupted the division’s effectiveness. An inspector general’s report in 1968 reached the same conclusion, attributing the poor performance to a preoccupation with Nosenko. David Robarge, in-house historian, concluded that anti-Soviet operations were most adversely affected between 1964 and 1969.

  133.  Serra, March 20 1971.

  134.  Wells Stabler, deputy chief of mission at the U.S. embassy in Rome, saw the system firsthand. The cash was divided by “the Ambassador, myself and the station chief,” he said in an oral history. “Some was given to the parties, some to individuals.” He didn’t name the beneficiaries. See “Italy Country Reader,” entry for Wells Stabler, 244, Foreign Affairs Oral History Collection, Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training, Arlington, Virginia; available at http://adst.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Italy.pdf.

  135.  The story is told in Leigh, Wilson Plot. In Spycatcher, Peter Wright downplayed his own role in the plot but acknowledged a Tory counterintelligence clique did seek to confront Wilso
n about his Eastern Bloc friends.

  136.  Leigh, Wilson Plot, 22.

  137.  “Report of the Department of Justice Concerning Its Investigation and Prosecutorial Decisions with Respect to Central Intelligence Agency Mail-Opening Activities in the United States, 3, ACLU Records, Princeton University.

  138.  Transcript of “Near Armageddon: The Spread of Nuclear Weapons in the Middle East,” 14, ABC News Closeup, broadcast April 28, 1981. See also “Only CIA Believed Uranium Diverted,” Washington Post, February 26, 1978.

  139.  Author’s interview with Roger Mattson, December 10, 2015.

  140.  One of them was investigator Peter Stockton, who said Hadden had showed him “a binder of stuff” when they met at a CIA safe house. “He would pull out a 25 foot makeshift scroll of paper that contained the case against NUMEC,” Stockton told a reporter. “This was before computers, and the thing was long and pasted together and that was his evidence. We’d sit there in the safe house and he’d read me portions.” See Scott Johnson, “What Lies Beneath,” Foreign Policy, March 23, 2015.

  141.  When the NUMEC investigation petered out in the late 1970s, Hadden let the matter drop. He was intelligence officer, not a crusader. He had done what he could as a CIA officer and a citizen. He filed his findings about NUMEC among his personal papers, where his son found them after his death in 2013.

  142.  MFF, Angleton Church Committee testimony, June 19, 1975, 51.

  143.  One of his successors as counterintelligence chief, Hugh Tovar, was asked how paperwork related to the JFK assassination was prepared and stored. He testified that Angleton had not passed on any files or reports on Nosenko, the KGB, and Oswald. “I have seen nothing either original or approved or signed by him.” See “Deposition of Bernard Hugh Tovar,” House Select Committee on Assassinations Security Classified Testimony, June 29, 1978, 38–39, NARA JFK HSCA RIF 180-10110-10014.

  144.  MFF, Angleton Church Committee testimony, June 19, 1975, 103.

  145.  MFF, Angleton House Select Committee on Assassinations testimony, 89.

  146.  Swenson called attention to his memo when the Congress reopened the JFK investigation in 1978, and he made sure Helms got a copy. See “Affidavit, Joseph Langosch,” September 14, 1978, Richard M. Helms Papers, box 18, folder 7, Georgetown University. LANGOSCH was Swenson’s cryptonym.

  147.  Helms, Look Over My Shoulder, Kindle Location 5137.

  148.  Author’s interview with Renata Adler, July 11, 2015.

  149.  Loch Johnson, “James Angleton and the Church Committee,” Journal of Cold War Studies 15, no. 4 (Fall 2013); 128.

  150.  Trento, Secret History of the CIA, xii.

  151.  Author’s interview with David Ignatius, July 11, 2015.

  152.  This and subsequent quotes from the novel are in Norman Mailer, Harlot’s Ghost (New York: Ballantine Books, 1991), 1144.

  153.  Schlesinger, Robert Kennedy and His Times, 664.

  154.  Winks, Cloak and Gown, 435.

  155.  Anatoliy Golitsyn, New Lies for Old (New York: Dodd, Meade, 1984), 332.

  156.  Author’s interview with Joseph Augustyn, April 12, 2016. Augustyn headed the CIA’s program for resettling defectors in the 1990s.

  157.  Letter from Richard Helms to John Hadden, July 28, 1986; courtesy of John Hadden, Jr.

  158.  Mangold, Cold Warrior, 353.

  159.  Trento, Secret History of the CIA, 479.

  160.  James Rosen, Cheney One on One: A Candid Conversation with America’s Most Controversial Statesman (Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 2015), 162–63.

  161.  Author’s interview with Efraim Halevy, December 20, 2015.

  162.  Cave Brown, Treason in the Blood, 565.

  163.  Mangold, Cold Warrior, 354.

  164.  Andy Court, “Spy Chiefs Honour a CIA friend,” Jerusalem Post, December 5, 1987.

  165.  Ibid.

  166.  Author’s interview with Tom Pickering, September 21, 2015.

  INDEX

  The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages in your eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.

  Abel, Rudolf

  Abramson, Harold

  Adler, Renata

  AEC. See Atomic Energy Commission

  Allende, Salvatore

  American Communist Party

  Amit, Meir

  AMLASH

  Amory, Robert

  AMSPELL

  Andrew, Christopher

  Angleton, Cicely

  following Yogi Bhajan

  in Israel

  against Vietnam war

  in Virginia

  watching husband award

  Angleton, Hugh

  Angleton, James Jesus. See specific topics

  Anglo-Iranian Oil Company

  antiwar groups

  CIA spying on

  in college

  Soviet Union protest for

  Ardeatine Caves massacre

  Armstrong, Scott

  Artichoke operation

  ARTIFICE

  Ashmead, Hugh

  Atomic Energy Commission (AEC)

  Avedon, Richard

  awards ceremony

  B-47 bombers

  Bagley, Pete

  Bailey II, Charles

  Baker, Howard

  Baldwin, James

  Balkans

  Bannerman, Robert

  Baranowska, Lucia

  Barmor, Yaakov

  Baruch, Nir

  Bay of Pigs

  Beardsley, Mimi

  Belin, David

  Bendor, Avraham

  Ben-Gurion, David

  Angleton relations with

  Harel falling out with

  nuclear weaponry development by

  Ben-Natan, Asher

  Biegun, Ephraim

  Bison bombers

  Bissell, Richard

  Black Panthers

  Blee, David

  Boise, Idaho

  Bolshakov, Georgi

  Borghese, Junio Valerio

  capture of

  coup of

  in IVY plan

  in Operation Sunrise

  Borgo Ticino

  Boudin, Kathy

  Boyle, Andrew

  Bradlee, Ben

  Bradlee, Tony Meyer

  Brandt, Willy

  British intelligence. See also Great Britain

  Angleton working with

  KGB defectors working with

  leaders of

  training at

  Brod, Mario

  Broe, Bill

  Brugioni, Dino

  Brule River

  Buckley, William F.

  Bullitt, William

  Burgess, Guy

  burial

  Cabell, Charles

  Cambridge Five

  Capote, Truman

  Carter, Jimmy

  Carter, Marshall

  Cassani, Alfredo

  Castro, Fidel

  Angleton lies about

  assassination plans for

  CIA underestimating

  after Cuban missile crisis

  after JFK assassination

  “One Thousand Fearful Words for Fidel Castro,” (Ferlinghetti)

  Oswald case linked to

  Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

  Angleton in

  Colby director of

  Dulles in

  FBI ending contact with

  formation of

  Golitsyn in

  in Havana

  Helms career in

  investigation of

  in Italy

  mind control program of

  in New Orleans

  in postwar world

  SIS relationship with

  Special Investigations Group files 1959 to 1963 in
/>   split in

  underestimating Castro

  in Vietnam

  cerebral approach

  CHAOS

  formation of

  growth of

  Cheney, Richard

  strategy of

  as vice president

  childhood

  Childs, Marquis

  Christian Democrats

  Church, Frank

  Church Committee

  on mail surveillance

  in Olson case

  CIA. See Central Intelligence Agency

  CI/PROJECT

  Clark, Mark

  Clarke, John Henrik

  Cleaver, Eldridge

  Clifford, Clark

  Cline, Ray

  Cohen, Avner

  COINTELPRO

  Colby, Bill

  Angleton relationship with

  as CIA director

  confirmation hearings for

  as executive director

  with family jewels

  Communists

  American Party of

  in Balkans

  class warfare of

  control system of

 

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