The Mammoth Book of Killers at Large

by Nigel Cawthorne

  Lorry driver Harold Meade was the prime suspect in all four Connecticut murders. He was sentenced to life in prison in 1972 for beating three mentally retarded residents of the Greater New Haven Regional Center with rocks. After his arrest Meade is said to have told police that the mentally retarded people were not his only victims. Some of the witnesses to the girls’ abductions identified him in photo line-ups as well. However, Meade protests his innocence in these cases. He has never been charged with the girls’ murders. Nothing connects him to the murder of Wanda Waldonada in Brooklyn or the white car.

  Diana Toney remained unburied for 27 years as some of her family refused to believe that the body was hers and her remains were never claimed. They sat in the evidence room until 1996 when the police raised the money to bury her.

  Meanwhile, there were more unsolved murders in Connecticut. Between 1975 and 1990, more than a dozen young women were the victims of an unknown killer or killers in the New Haven area. Authorities believe that at least seven were killed by one man. Detectives received a tip-off that a man named Roosevelt Bowden was responsible. A violent man, he fatally stabbed his one-year-old daughter Tabitha. Prosecutors agreed to a plea bargain for manslaughter carrying a maximum of 15 years in prison. In July 1986, Bowden was paroled.

  The New Jersey Sea-Shore Slayings

  Between September 1965 and August 1966, there were a series of unsolved murders along the Atlantic shore of Monmouth and Ocean Counties in New Jersey. There were indications that, in each case, the killer was the same man – though 40 years later detectives seem no closer to identifying him.

  At 9 p.m. on 15 September 1965, 18-year-old high school senior Mary Klinsky left her home in West Keansburg to mail a letter to her fiancée in the post box at the end of her street. Seven hours later, her naked, battered body was discovered by motorists 60 miles away near the entrance to Garden State Park. The police said that she had been the victim of an “especially vicious attack”.

  On 11 February 1966, the body of 17-year-old high-school dropout Joanne Fantazier found on the ice of Yellow Brook in Colt Necks Township. She was fully clothed and there was no sign of sexual assault. Again she had been fatally beaten. Her body was thrown over the side of a road bridge there, but the impact had failed to break the ice as the killer clearly intended.

  A month later, Catherine Baker, aged 16, left her home in Edison Township, heading for the local bakery, just a block away. On 14 May, her partially clad body was found in a branch of the Metedeconk River, which ran through a remote area of Jackson Township. The cause of death was a vicious beating, resulting in multiple skull fractures.

  The killer then changed tack. The naked body of Paul Benda, aged five, was discovered on 21 June. It was hidden in the high grass along an unmetalled road near Raritan Bay. The boy had been sexually abused and tortured with lighted cigarettes, before being killed with five strokes of an ice pick. The child’s clothes were found nearby.

  On 7 August 1966, 18-year-old Ronald Sandlin was abducted from his job at a Lakewood service station. His body was dumped in a ditch in Manchester Township. He had been beaten to death with a tyre lever.

  Three days later, the car of Dorothy McKenzie, aged 44, was found mired in the sand near a diner on Route 9, which runs through Lakewood. She had been shot. Her body was fully clothed and her pocket book lay untouched beside her on the seat. Although this murder seems unlike the others, the killer had already shown his versatility in the age and sex of his victim and whether he had sexually assaulted his victim or not. He had also used a variety of murder methods and could easily have swapped his ice-pick or tyre lever for a gun. Perhaps we will never know as the killer – or killers – remain at large.

  New Orleans’ Mad Axeman

  In 1918, New Orleans was thrown in a panic when a mad axeman stalked the streets. He has never been convincingly identified, much less caught.

  It began early in the morning of 23 May 1918, after New Orleans barber Andrew Maggio returned home drunk. The previous day he had received the papers drafting him into the Army. He was off to fight in World War I and he was not keen to go. As a result, he went out drinking. It was nearly two o’clock when he got home to the rooms he shared with his brother Jake. He noticed nothing untoward, but then he was not in much of a condition to notice anything.

  Andrew and Jake’s rooms were next door to the home of their married brother, Joseph Maggio and his wife of 15 years, Catherine. The two of them lived behind the small grocery store and bar they ran on the corner of Magnolia and Upperline Streets.

  Jake was woken at about 4 a.m. by groaning. The sound was coming through the adjoining wall. Jake got up and knocked on the wall, but got no response. With some difficulty, he managed to wake Andrew. Together they went round to Joseph’s house. There was evidence of a break-in. A wooden panel had been chiselled out of the kitchen door. It lay on the ground with the chisel on top of it.

  Entering the house through the kitchen, they headed for the bedroom, where they found Joseph lying on the bed with his legs hanging over the side. Catherine lay next to him. When Joseph saw his brothers, he tried to get up, but faltered. His brothers caught him. There were deep gashes on his head and he was barely alive. Quickly checking, they found that Catherine was already dead. She had suffered numerous blows to the head. Her throat was cut from ear to ear and the bed was soaked with her blood. The brothers called an ambulance. But it was too late. By the time it arrived, Joseph was dead.

  The first policeman on the scene was Corporal Arthur Hatener. In an initial search of the premises, he found a pile of men’s clothing in the middle of the bathroom floor. An axe stood inside the cast-iron bathtub, leaning against one side of it. There was blood on the blade and in the bathtub, as if some attempt had been made to wash the murder weapon. In other accounts, the axe was found on the rear doorstep or under the house. In the bedroom, Corporal Hatener found a straight razor, lying on the bed. It too was covered in blood.

  It was obvious that the killer had broken in through the rear door. In the bedroom, he struck Joseph and Catherine on the head with the axe. Then he had gone to work on Mrs Maggio’s throat with the razor, almost detaching her head. He had also used the razor on her husband’s throat before casting it aside. Perhaps he had been disturbed.

  When the coroner arrived, he examined Catherine’s body and estimated the time of death to be between two and three in the morning. As the victims were removed, a crowd gathered outside to gawp. A woman who lived nearby stepped forward to tell detectives that she had seen Andrew Maggio outside in the early hours of the morning hours. Andrew and Jake were taken to the police station for questioning. Jake was released the next day, but Andrew remained in custody as the police learned that the razor used on Joseph and Catherine Maggio belonged to him. One of the employees at his barbershop at 123 South Rampart Street had seen him take it when he left the day before. Andrew Maggio said that he had taken it home to repair a nick in it. Although he had not mentioned it before, he then said that he had noticed a man going into his brother’s house at around 1.30 a.m., when he had got home. The police did not believe him and he remained their prime suspect.

  Other evidence implicated Andrew Maggio. The police had established that the axe had belonged to Joseph and believed that the killer was familiar with the layout of the house. The door to the safe was open and the safe empty. A black cash box which was also empty was found in one corner of the room. The brothers said that Joseph always kept the safe locked. However, there was no indication that the door had been forced. Money in drawers and under Joseph’s pillow had not been taken, and Catherine’s jewellery, which had been wrapped up and hidden beneath the safe was still there.

  Despite their suspicions, the police did not have enough evidence to hold Andrew Maggio and released him.

  “It’s a terrible thing to be charged with the murder of your own brother when your heart is already broken by his death – when I’m about to go to war, too,” he told the Times-Picay
une newspaper. “I had been drinking heavily. I was too drunk even to have heard any noise next door.”

  The paper had already caused a sensation by publishing a grisly photograph of the Maggios’ blood-stained bedroom.

  The story then took a bizarre twist. About a block away from the Maggios’ small grocery store, the police found a strange message, written on the pavement in chalk: “Mrs Maggio will sit up tonight just like Mrs Toney.”

  Although the handwriting was childish, it seemed significant, though no one was sure what it meant. Then a retired detective named Joseph Dantonio came forward. Seven years before, in 1911, he had investigated a series of axe murders in New Orleans. The victims had been Italian grocers. They had been killed in bed and, in each case, the murderer had broken in through a panel in the back door. The first victim had been a man named Cruti, who had no wife. The second, Rosetti was killed with his wife, as was the third, Schiambra. Schiambra’s first name was Tony and the police wondered if his wife was the “Mrs Toney” of the chalk message. Perhaps it was the women, not the men, who were the target of the killer.

  The buzz in the Italian community was that the Mafia were responsible. Like the 1911 victims, the Maggios were Italian. Perhaps they had not paid their “dues” – the protection money extorted by the crime gang operating in the city. Perhaps they had borrowed money from a Mafioso and had not paid it back. There was only one way the Mafia dealt with defaulters. A number of Italians asked for police protection.

  Organized crime had long been a force in New Orleans. In 1890, Police Chief David Hennessy had arrested a Mafia leader and his henchmen, and threatened to expose other Mafiosi in the forthcoming trial. But jury members were bribed and threatened, and the Mafiosi walked free. Finally, when Chief Hennessy was gunned down by Mafia assassins, the citizens of New Orleans became incensed. A mob marched on the prison and lynched 11 mobsters, as a warning to others. After that organized crime went underground.

  However, in 1911, a gang known as “The Black Hand” was thought to have been responsible for axe murders. This was a spin-off from Midwestern mob whose activities there had been curtailed by a series of trials in 1907. It got its name from the black-hand symbol that appeared on notes threatening those who did not comply with its demands. Italians were expected to hand over a proportion of their wages to the mobsters. If they did not, they risked harassment, injury and even death. Since the 1911 killings, there was thought to have been a resurgence of organized crime in New Orleans. There were even rumour that the Black Hand had set up a crime school where they taught potential mobsters the finer points of intimidation and murder.

  New Orleans had only just recovered from the shock of the Maggios’ murders when, two weeks later, the axeman struck again. On the morning of 6 June, John Zanca was delivering bread to a grocer named Louis Besumer. When he reached Besumer’s store on La Harpe and Dorgenois, he found it still closed. This was peculiar as 59-year-old Besumer usually opened early and was waiting for his bread.

  Zanca went around to the side door and knocked. He heard movement inside and Besumer opened the door. His face was covered in blood. Besumer said he had been attacked and pointed with a quivering hand toward the bedroom. When Zanca went to look, he found Anna Harriet Low lying on the bed under a blood-soaked sheet. She had a terrible head wound and was barely alive. Bloody prints of bare feet led from the bed to a piece of wig – as a Jewish woman, Anna would have kept her real hair covered.

  Zanca wanted to call the police, but Besumer tried to stop him. Instead he said he would call a private physician. But Zanca took charge and called the police and an ambulance.

  Again the attacker had got in by prying out a panel of the back door with a wood chisel. The murder weapon was a rusty hatchet that belonged to Besumer. Again it was found in the bathroom. However, Besumer was not Italian, but Polish, and he had lived in New Orleans for just three months. Despite the fact that he survived the attack and was conscious and alive, Besumer was unable to give a description of the attack or a coherent account of the attack.

  Anna Lowe died of her injuries some time later in Charity Hospital. But before she died, Anna said that she had been attacked by a “mulatto”. A black man who Besumer’s had employed the previous week was immediately arrested. Although the story he told was inconsistent, he was released when Anna changed her story. She then accused Besumer of attacking her with an axe and of being part of a German conspiracy. He was, she said, a spy. At the time, with a war on, this accusation was explosive. The newspapers ran stories saying that Besumer’s grocery store was merely a front for espionage. In his home, there were trunks filled with secret papers, they said, written in German, Russian and Yiddish. The Department of Justice in Washington, D.C. sent agents to investigate, but the allegations were found to be without foundation. Stories also circulated that drugs had been found in Besumer’s store. A neighbour said that he and the woman they took to be his wife were opium addicts.

  After Besumer left the hospital, he admitted that Anna was not his wife. He then made a peculiar request. He asked to be allowed to investigate his own case. But Besumer was a grocer, not a police officer. Clearly, he had something to hide. The police began to believe that the couple’s injuries were the result of a private domestic quarrel that had turned violent and bloody. This theory was supported by the bloody footprints on the floor – both Lowe and Besumer said that they had walked across the floor after the “attack”. When the police were called, they had simply concocted the story of an attack to cover their tracks. At first, Lowe had colluded as she was just as culpable as Besumer, but when it became clear that she was going to die, she sought to damage Besumer as much as possible by accusing him of being a spy.

  There were some extraordinary holes in the investigation. Although fingerprinting had been used in criminal investigations since 1901, no one dusted in the Maggio or Besumer homes for prints. That, as least, would have indicated if someone else had been present. Nevertheless, Besumer was arrested and charged with murder, though he was clearly not responsible for the attack on the Maggios, or the murders in 1911. But whoever had killed the Maggios was still very much in business, as he demonstrated two months later.

  On 5 August, a businessman named Edward Schneider worked late at his office. When he returned home, he expected his wife, who was eight months pregnant, to meet him at the front door. She was not there. When he opened the door, the house was quiet. He called out to his wife, but there was no reply. He began to search the house. In the bedroom, he found his wife, lying on the bed covered in blood. She had a gaping head wound and some of her teeth had been knocked out, but she was alive. Schneider called an ambulance and the police.

  Rushed to Charity Hospital, Mrs Schneider lay in critical condition for a few days. But then, slowly, she returned to consciousness. However, she could not give a description of her attacker. When the attack took place, she had been taking a nap, she said. She awoke to see a dark figure standing over her. Then the axe came down repeatedly. That was all she remembered. Happily, the attack did not affect her pregnancy. Three weeks later she gave birth to a healthy baby girl. Meanwhile a newspaper ran headline: “IS AN AXEMAN AT LARGE IN NEW ORLEANS?” They soon got an answer.

  Just five days after the Schneider attack, the axeman struck again. On 10 August, Pauline and Mary Bruno were awoken early in the morning by the sound of loud thumps that seemed to be coming from the room of their elderly uncle Joseph Romano. Pauline sat up and saw the tall, dark figure standing right over her bed. She screamed. The man fled. The girls found their uncle with gashes to his head and face, his nightshirt soaked with blood. His room had been ransacked

  “I don’t know who did it,” he said and told Pauline to call Charity Hospital, before lapsing into unconsciousness. He died in hospital soon after.

  Detectives discovered that the door panel had been chiselled out and an axe was left in the yard. Romano was Italian, but he was a barber not a grocer. The best description his nieces could give
was that the attacker was “dark, tall, heavy-set, wearing a dark suit and a black slouch hat”. And he was extremely agile. Pauline said later said that he flew as if he had wings.

  “He was awfully light on his feet,” she told a journalist.

  Panic spread. No one could sleep easy in their bed as that was the very place that the axeman might attack them. With the populace sleepless and alert, there were sightings all over the city. Stories of chisels and axes abounded, and some people claimed they had scared an intruder away. A grocer found a wood chisel on the ground outside his back door. Another said he had found an axe lying in his yard and a panel gouged out of his door. A third, hearing scraping sounds, shot through the door. When police arrived, they found signs of someone chiselling at the wood. There was even a story that “the Axeman” had been seen, strolling around dressed as a woman.

  The police were stumped. The attacker left no clues and the victims seemed to have been picked at random. Some were grocers; others were not. All any witness could remember was that he had an almost supernatural ability to get in and out of their homes. No survivor had even seen him well enough to recall a single clear detail and it was not possible to go and arrest a “dark, looming figure”. The police did not know whether the attacks were the work of a Mafia assassin, a single madman or a bunch of different people. This was of little help to the newspapers. They fell back on Joseph Dantonio, the retired detective who had investigated the axe murders in 1911. He said: “Students of crime have established that a criminal of the dual personality type may be a respectable, law-abiding citizen. Then suddenly the impulse to kill comes upon him and he must obey it.”