Greek Fire, Poison Arrows, and Scorpion Bombs

by Adrienne Mayor

  Cornelius Nepos

  Crimea(Kaffa)

  Croddy, Eric

  Croesus

  Crosby, Alfred

  Crusaders

  Ctesias

  Cyrus; Cyrus the Younger

  Cyzicus

  Dacians

  Dalmatians

  Damascus

  Darius

  DARPA

  Deadly nightshade. See also Belladonna

  Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. See DARPA.

  Defense Department, US. See also DARPA; Pentagon.

  Delium

  Demetrius Poliorcetes

  Deuteronomy

  Dio Cassius

  Diodorus of Sicily

  Dioscorides

  Disease; ancient theories of . See also Anthrax; Plague; Smallpox.

  Dogs

  Domitian

  Dura-Europos

  Egypt

  Elephants

  Elijah

  Empedocles

  Ephyra

  Epidemics. See Plague; Smallpox.

  Erythrae

  Eumenes

  Euripides

  Excrement

  Faraone, Christopher

  Fenton, Col. George

  Firdawsi

  Fire weapons; fire delivered by animals; fire-pots; fire-ships; fire tricks

  First Sacred War

  Flame-throwers

  Florus

  Friendly fire, and unexpected consequences of biochemical weapons . See also “Poisoner poisoned.”

  Frog, poison

  Frontinus

  Galatians

  Galen

  Gauls

  Genetic weapons

  Geneva Convention

  Genghis Khan

  Germanic tribes

  Glauke

  Greek Fire

  Grmek, Mirko

  Gulf War of 1991; Gulf War syndrome

  Gunpowder

  Hamaxitius

  Hamilcar Barca

  Hannibal

  Hanson, Victor

  Harmatelia

  Hasdrubal

  Hatra

  Hellebore

  Hemlock

  Henbane

  Heptakometes

  Hercules

  Herod, King

  Herodian

  Herodotus

  Himilco

  Hippocrates

  Hippolytus

  Hitler, Adolf

  Hittites

  Homer. See also Iliad; Odysseus.

  Honey, toxic

  Horses

  Hydra

  Iliad. See also Trojan War.

  Incendiaries. See Arrows, flaming; Fire; Naphtha.

  India

  Indonesia

  Insects . See also Bees; Scorpions.

  Intoxicants. See also Calmatives; Honey; Wine.

  Iraq

  Isaura

  Ishii, Dr. Shiro

  Islamic weapons

  Isocrates

  Israelites

  Japan. See also Ishii, Dr. Shiro.

  Jerusalem

  Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Directorate. See also Pentagon.

  Josephus

  Julius Africanus

  Julius Capitolinus

  Justinian

  Kaffa

  Kallinikos

  Kautilya . See also Arthashastra.

  Kelsay, John

  Kirrha

  Kokatnur, Vaman

  Koran

  Krentz, Peter

  Kurds

  Laws of Manu

  Lelantine War

  Lime. See Quicklime.

  Livy

  Lucan

  Lucius Metellus

  Lucius Verus

  Lucretius

  Lucullus

  Machaon

  Maharbal

  Majno, Guido

  Malaria

  Maltha

  Mandrake

  Mangonels

  Marcus Aurelius

  Mari

  Marius

  Massagetae.

  Mecca

  Medea

  Mehmood, Bashiruddin

  Mice. See Rodents.

  Mithridates

  Mongols. See also Genghis Khan; Kaffa.

  Monkeys

  Monkshood. See Aconite.

  Morgan, David

  Muhammad

  Muslims. See Islamic weapons; Koran; Muhammad.

  Myth, Greek ; Indian ; Mesopotamian; Scythian

  Napalm

  Naphtha ; naphtha troops.

  Naples Campaign of 1494-95

  Nasamonians

  Nebros

  Nebucadnezzar

  Nehemiah

  Nepal

  Neufeld, Edward

  Nicander

  Nixon, Richard

  Noncombatants

  Nuclear weapons

  Ober, Josiah

  Odysseus, Odyssey

  Ovid

  Panama

  Pandora

  Paris

  Parthia

  Partington, James Riddick

  Pausanias

  Peloponnesian War

  Pentagon. See also DARPA.

  Penzer, Norman

  Persia

  Petroleum . See also Maltha; Naphtha.

  Philistines

  Philoctetes

  Phoenicians

  Pigs

  Pitch or pine resin

  Plague ; in Athens; in Babylonia ; bubonic ; in Egypt ; man-made

  Plants, poison. See Poisonous plants.

  Plataia

  Pliny the Elder

  Plutarch

  Poison gas . See also Smoke.

  Poison Maidens

  “Poisoner poisoned” motif . See also Friendly Fire.

  Poisonous plants

  Polyaenus

  Polybius

  Pompey

  Pontus. See also Honey; Mithridates.

  Porus

  Preston, Robert

  Procopius

  Projectile weapons . See also Arrows; Catapults.

  Psychological warfare

  Psylli

  Ptah

  Publius Servilius

  Pungee sticks

  Punic Wars

  Purple snake

  Pyrrus

  Quicklime

  Quintus Curtius

  Quintus of Smyrna

  Rabies

  Rape, as bio-weapon

  Rats. See Rodents.

  Reinach, A. J.

  Rhodes

  Rhododendron

  Rocky Mountain Arsenal, Colorado

  Rodents

  Roland, Alex

  Rolle, Renate

  Rufus of Ephesus

  Rules of war. See War, rules of.

  Russia

  Saddam Hussein

  Saltpeter. See also Gunpowder.

  Samosata

  Sand, burning

  Scorched earth tactics

  Scorpions

  Scythians . See also Massagetae; Soanes

  Sea urchin

  Second Lateran Council

  Seleuceia

  Seneca

  Sennacherib

  Septimius Severus

  Sertorius

  Shamans

  Shukra

  Sicily . See also Syracuse.

  Siegecraft . See also Catapults.

  Silius Italicus

  Smallpox

  Smell. See Stench weapons.

  Smoke, poison

  Snakes, venomous ; snake charmers . See also Hydra.

  Soanes

  Solomon; Testament of

  Solon

  Sophocles

  Sound weapons

  South Africa

  South America

  Spain

  Sparta

  Stench weapons

  Stingray

  Strabo

  Strychnine

  Sulphur

  Sun Tzu

  Susruta Samhita

  Swamps

  Syracuse

  Ta’if<
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  Tacitus

  Tamerlane

  Telegonus

  Telemachus

  Telephus

  Temple, Robert

  Temples and bioweapons ; of Apollo ; of Jerusalem

  Theophrastus

  Thucydides

  Tiberius

  Tigranocerta

  Titus

  Tomyris, Queen

  Toxic, origin of word. Toxic arrows, see Poison arrows.

  Trojan Horse

  Trojan War

  Tyre

  Varro

  Vegetius

  Venom, see Insects; Scorpion; Sea urchin; Snake; Stingray.

  Vietnam War

  Vinegar

  Virgil

  Vitruvius

  Vozrozhdeniye Island

  War, rules of ,

  Water, diverting; poisoning of ; unhealthy in swamps.

  Wheelis, Mark

  Wine, as weapon(mead) ; poisoning of

  World War I

  World War II

  Xenophon

  Xerxes

  Yew

  Yucca Mountain, Nevada

  Yusef, Hamza

  Zinsser, William