Bill Gates

by Michael Becraft

  17. Ibid.

  18. Sherry Grindeland (October 27, 1997). Seattle Times. Heartbreak Now a Mission—Libby Gates Armintrout to Speak about Breast Cancer.

  19. Pomona Today (Spring 2006). Pomona College Magazine. Armintrout Joins Board.

  CHAPTER 2

  1. Michael D. Eisner with Aaron Cohen (2010). Working Together: Why Great Partnerships Succeed. Harper Business.

  2. Andy Serwer (June 22, 2009). Fortune. Best Advice: Gates on Gates.

  3. Robert X. Cringely (1996). Accidental Empires. HarperBusiness.

  4. Bill Gates with Nathan Myhrvold and Peter Rinearson (1995). The Road Ahead. Viking.

  5. David Allison (1993). Transcript of a Video History Interview with Mr. William “Bill” Gates. http://americanhistory.si.edu/comphist/gates.htm.

  6. Andy Serwer (June 22, 2009). Fortune. Best Advice: Gates on Gates.

  7. Alan Hughes (October 21, 2011). Black Enterprise. Can Bill Gates Save Our Schools?

  8. Steven Levy (2010). Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution. O’Reilly.

  9. Bill Gates with Nathan Myhrvold and Peter Rinearson (1995). The Road Ahead. Viking.

  10. Bill Gates (October 27, 2011). Early Days as a Computer Programmer. http://mobile.thegatesnotes.com/Personal/Early-Days-as-a-Computer-Programmer.

  11. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. Traf-O-Data. http://startup.nmnaturalhistory.org/gallery/story.php?ii=45.

  12. Bill Gates Sr. and Mary Ann Mackin (2009). Showing Up for Life: Thoughts on the Gifts of a Lifetime. Broadway Books.

  13. Bill Gates, Paul Allen, and Brent Schlender (October 2, 2005). Fortune. Bill Gates and Paul Allen Talk: Check Out the Ultimate Buddy Act in Business History. http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1995/10/02/206528/.

  14. Robert Guth (April 25, 2009). Wall Street Journal. Raising Bill Gates.

  15. Andy Serwer (June 22, 2009). Fortune. Best Advice: Gates on Gates.

  16. Bill Gates (June 7, 2007). Remarks of Bill Gates, Harvard Commencement 2007.

  17. Jeffrey Young (January 27, 2007). Forbes. The George S. Patton of Software.

  18. Malcolm Gladwell (2008). Outliers: The Story of Success. Hachette Book Group.

  19. H. Edward Roberts and William Yates (February 1975). Popular Electronics. Build the Altair 8800 Minicomputer Part II.

  20. U.S. Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division (WHD). History of Federal Minimum Wage Rates under the Fair Labor Standards Act, 1938–2009. http://www.dol.gov/whd/minwage/chart.htm#footnote.

  21. Brent Schlender, Warren Buffett, and Bill Gates (July 20, 1998). Fortune. The Bill & Warren Show.

  22. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science (n.d.). We Have a BASIC. http://startup.nmnaturalhistory.org/gallery/story.php?ii=20&sid=4.

  23. Bill Gates (May/June 1977). The Software Column. Personal Computing, Volume 1.

  24. Susan Lammers (1986). Programmers at Work: Interviews with 19 Programmers Who Shaped the Computer Industry. Tempus Books.

  25. Bill Gates with Nathan Myhrvold and Peter Rinearson (1996). The Road Ahead: Completely Revised and Up-to-Date. Penguin.

  26. Robert Slater (2004). Microsoft Rebooted: How Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer Reinvented Their Company. Penguin.

  27. Robert X. Cringely (1996). Triumph of the Nerds: The Rise of Accidental Empires. PBS.

  28. Paul Allen (May 2011). Vanity Fair. Microsoft’s Odd Couple.

  29. Bill Gates with Nathan Myhrvold and Peter Rinearson (1996). The Road Ahead: Completely Revised and Up-to-Date. Penguin.

  30. Daniel Golden and John Yemma (March 31, 1998). Boston Globe. Harvard Amasses a $13b Endowment.

  31. Bill Gates Sr. and Mary Ann Mackin (2009). Showing Up for Life: Thoughts on the Gifts of a Lifetime. Broadway Books.

  32. Daniel Golden and John Yemma (March 31, 1998). Boston Globe. Harvard Amasses a $13b Endowment.

  33. Ibid.

  34. Bill Gates (June 7, 2007). Remarks of Bill Gates, Harvard Commencement 2007.

  CHAPTER 3

  1. Brent Schlender, Warren Buffett, and Bill Gates (July 20, 1998). Fortune. The Bill & Warren Show.

  2. Paul E. Ceruzzi (July 2010). OAH Magazine of History. “Ready or Not, Computers Are Coming to the People”: Inventing the PC.

  3. CNBC Town Hall Event: Warren Buffett and Bill Gates: Keeping America Great, November 12, 2009, at Columbia University.

  4. H. W. Brands (1999). Masters of Enterprise. Free Press.

  5. Brent Schlender, Warren Buffett, and Bill Gates (July 20, 1998). Fortune. The Bill & Warren Show.

  6. David Allison (1993). Transcript of a Video History Interview with Mr. William “Bill” Gates. http://americanhistory.si.edu/comphist/gates.htm.

  7. Jeffrey A. Krames (2003). What the Best CEOs Know: 7 Exceptional Leaders and Their Lessons for Transforming Any Business. McGraw-Hill.

  8. Robert X. Cringely (1996). Accidental Empires. HarperBusiness

  9. Robert X. Cringely (1996). Triumph of the Nerds: The Rise of Accidental Empires. PBS.

  10. Steven Levy (September 19, 2000). Newsweek. A Big Birthday for Bill & Co.

  11. Bill Gates, Paul Allen, and Brent Schlender (October 2, 2005). Fortune. Bill Gates and Paul Allen Talk: Check Out the Ultimate Buddy Act in Business History. http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1995/10/02/206528/.

  12. Steven Levy (2010). Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution. O’Reilly.

  13. Bill Gates (1976). Open Letter to Hobbyists. Computer Notes, Volume 1, Issue 9.

  14. Randy Burge (November 16, 2006). The 1975 Popular Electronics Magazine That Inspired Paul Allen. http://www.abqtrib.com/news/2006/nov/16/randy-burge-1975-popular-electronics-magazine-insp/.

  15. Paul Allen (May 2011). Vanity Fair. Microsoft’s Odd Couple.

  16. Bill Gates (1977). Popular Computing, Volume 1, page 38.

  17. Robert X. Cringely (1996). Accidental Empires. HarperBusiness.

  18. Stephen Manes and Paul Andrews (1993). Gates: How Microsoft’s Mogul Reinvented an Industry—and Made Himself the Richest Man in America. Doubleday.

  19. Jeff Greene (2008). The “Albuquerque Photo.” Microsoft Archives. http://blogs.msdn.com/b/prophoto/archive/2008/12/30/the-albuquerque-photo.aspx.

  20. Stephen Manes and Paul Andrews (1993). Gates: How Microsoft’s Mogul Reinvented an Industry—and Made Himself the Richest Man in America. Doubleday.

  21. Transcript of Interview with Dennis Bathory-Kitsz (1980). B. Gates Rants about Software Copyrights—in 1980. http://features-beta.slashdot.org/story/00/01/20/1316236/b-gates-rants-about-software-copyrights---in-1980.

  22. Dennis Bathory-Kitsz (1980). 80 Microcomputing. Have the Courts Smashed Software Copyright?

  23. Ibid.

  24. David Allison (1993). Transcript of a Video History Interview with Mr. William “Bill” Gates. http://americanhistory.si.edu/comphist/gates.htm.

  25. Michael D. Eisner with Aaron Cohen (2010). Working Together: Why Great Partnerships Succeed. Harper Business.

  26. Richard Waters (November 1, 2013). Financial Times. An Exclusive Interview with Bill Gates.

  27. David Lieberman (April 30, 2007). USA Today. CEO Forum: Microsoft’s Ballmer Having a “Great” Time.

  28. Robert Slater (2004). Microsoft Rebooted: How Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer Reinvented Their Company. Penguin.

  29. Jessica Mintz (June 27, 2008). Huff Post Business. Bill Gates’ Last Day at Microsoft: Bids Steve Ballmer Farewell in Tears.

  30. Randall E. Stross (1997). The Microsoft Way. Addison-Wesley.

  31. Robert X. Cringely (1996). Accidental Empires. HarperBusiness.

  32. H. W. Brands (1999). Masters of Enterprise. Free Press.

  33. New York Times (June 11, 1994). Mary Gates, 64; Helped Her Son Start Microsoft.

  34. Robert X. Cringely (1996). Accidental Empires. HarperBusiness.

  35. Purchase Agreement for Q-DOS from Seattle Computer Products by Microsoft.

  36. Sample addendum listed in the Purchas
e Agreement for Q-DOS from Seattle Computer Products.

  37. Walter Isaacson (2011). Steve Jobs. Simon & Schuster.

  38. IBM Corporation (August 12, 1981). Press Release for the IBM-PC.

  39. Robert X. Cringely (1996). Accidental Empires. HarperBusiness.

  40. Paul Freiberger (August 31, 1981). InfoWorld. Bugs in TRS-80 Model III: How Bad Are They?

  41. Lakeside School (n.d.). Distinguished Alumni Award Recipients. http://www.lakesideschool.org/ftpimages/252/download/Distinguished%20Alumni%20Award%20Recipients.pdf.

  42. Paul Allen (May 2011). Vanity Fair. Microsoft’s Odd Couple.

  43. Paulina Borsook (February 2008). Wired. Accidental Billionaire.

  44. Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer (1983). Microsoft Applications Strategy Memo.

  45. David Allison (1993). Transcript of a Video History Interview with Mr. William “Bill” Gates. http://americanhistory.si.edu/comphist/gates.htm.

  46. Apple Computer, Inc. v. Franklin Computer Corporation (August 30, 1983). U.S. Court of Appeals Third Circuit. http://digital-law-online.info/cases/219PQ113.htm.

  47. William H. Gates (September 23, 1983). New York Times. Insurance for the Industry’s Future.

  48. Walter Isaacson (2011). Steve Jobs. Simon & Schuster.

  49. Bill Gates with Nathan Myhrvold and Peter Rinearson (1995). The Road Ahead. Viking.

  CHAPTER 4

  1. PC Magazine (May 14, 1985). Top-Bachelor Gates: Is he Compatible?

  2. OS/2 Joint Development Agreement between IBM and Microsoft.

  3. Microsoft (November 2013). A History of Windows. http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/history#T1=era0.

  4. Siegel—ABC News, How Steve Jobs Got Fired from His Own Company.

  5. Bro Uttal (July 21, 1986). Fortune. Inside the Deal That Made Bill Gates $350,000,000.

  6. P. McNamara (March 10, 2011). If You Had Bought 100 Shares of Microsoft 25 Years Ago…http://www.networkworld.com/community/blog/if-you-had-bought-100-shares-microsoft-25-yea.

  7. Iacobucci, Ed. (1988). OS/2 Programmer’s Guide: Foreword.

  8. Jim Carlton (1997). Apple: The Inside Story of Intrigue, Egomania, and Business Blunders. Times Business.

  9. Success magazine (October 1988). Lessons from a New-Product Wizard. http://www.success.com/article/lessons-from-a-new-product-wizard#sthash.07xQo8ag.dpuf.

  10. Robert X. Cringely (1996). Triumph of the Nerds: The Rise of Accidental Empires. PBS.

  11. Kurt Eichenwald (August 2012). Vanity Fair. Microsoft’s Lost Decade.

  12. Kathy Rebello, Evan I. Schwartz, John W. Verity, Mark Lewyn, Jonathan Levin (February 28, 1993). BusinessWeek. Is Microsoft Too Powerful?

  13. Ibid.

  14. Jeffrey A. Krames (2003). What the Best CEOs Know: 7 Exceptional Leaders and Their Lessons for Transforming any Business. McGraw-Hill.

  15. Bill Gates (1995). The Internet Tidal Wave Memo. http://www.justice.gov/atr/cases/exhibits/20.pdf

  16. Ibid.

  17. Robert X. Cringely (1996). Accidental Empires. HarperBusiness.

  18. Miguel Helft (January 2, 2014). CNN/Money. Microsoft’s Chromebook Headache.

  19. David Segal (August 24, 1995). Washington Post. With Windows 95’s Debut, Microsoft Scales Heights of Hype.

  20. Harry McCracken (May 07, 2013). Time. A Brief History of Windows Sales Figures 1985–Present. http://techland.time.com/2013/05/07/a-brief-history-of-windows-sales-figures-1985-present/.

  21. Bill Gates with Nathan Myhrvold and Peter Rinearson (1996). The Road Ahead: Completely Revised and Up-to-Date. Penguin.

  22. David Bank (February 1, 1999). Wall Street Journal. How Microsoft Wound Up in a Civil War Over Windows.

  23. Walter Isaacson (June 24, 2001). Time. In Search of the Real Bill Gates.

  24. Roben Farzad (December 9, 2013). BusinessWeek. Microsoft’s Apple Investment: The Worst Deal of Them All? www.businessweek.com/articles/2103-12-09/worst-deal-ever-microsofts-apple-investment.

  25. Rick Webb (November 12, 2011). Betabeat. Caught in the Webb: Let’s Not Party Like It’s 1999.

  26. Microsoft (August 6, 1997). Microsoft and Apple Affirm Commitment to Build Next Generation Software for Macintosh.

  27. Laurence Zuckerman (October 27, 1997). New York Times. New Jet Eases Travel Hassles for Bill Gates.

  28. Bill Gates (November 14, 2007). Comments at Microsoft 2007 Annual Shareholder Meeting.

  29. Ibid.

  30. Bill Gates (1999). Business @ the Speed of Thought: Using a Digital Nervous System. Warner Books.

  31. Walter Isaacson (June 24, 2001). Time. In Search of the Real Bill Gates.

  32. Kurt Eichenwald (August 2012). Vanity Fair. Microsoft’s Lost Decade.

  33. Corey Grice and Sandeep Junnakar (July 2, 1998). CNET News. Gates, Buffett a bit Bearish.

  34. Microsoft (n.d.). Microsoft Software Asset Management Policy. http://www.microsoft.com/sam/en/us/intproperty.aspx.

  35. Corey Grice and Sandeep Junnakar (July 2, 1998). CNET News. Gates, Buffett a bit Bearish.

  36. Newsweek Staff (June 22, 1997). Newsweek. How We Did It.

  37. Michael D. Eisner with Aaron Cohen (2010). Working Together: Why Great Partnerships Succeed. Harper Business.

  38. David Lieberman (April 30, 2007). USA Today. CEO Forum: Microsoft’s Ballmer Having a “Great” Time.

  CHAPTER 5

  1. C. K. Prahalad and Gary Hamel (May–June 1990). Harvard Business Review. The Core Competence of the Corporation.

  CHAPTER 6

  1. Daniel Gross (1997). Forbes Greatest Business Stories of All Time. Wiley.

  2. Steve Lohr (November 11, 1998). New York Times. Gates Quoted as Seeing Case “Blow Over.”

  3. Steve Lohr (August 22, 1995). New York Times. Judge Clears Antitrust Pact for Microsoft. http://www.nytimes.com/1995/08/22/business/judge-clears-antitrust-pact-for-microsoft.html.

  4. Matt Schudel (June 15, 2013). Washington Post. Thomas Penfield Jackson, Federal Judge, Dies at 76.

  5. Steve Lohr (August 22, 1995). New York Times. Judge Clears Antitrust Pact for Microsoft. http://www.nytimes.com/1995/08/22/business/judge-clears-antitrust-pact-for-microsoft.html.

  6. Ibid.

  7. Contempt Order for Violating First Consent Decree (1997). http://www.justice.gov/atr/cases/f1200/1236.htm.

  8. Andrew Osterland (1996). Financial World. The Case against Microsoft.

  9. Joe Belfiore (March 3, 1998). Internet Standards and Operating Systems—Why Integration Makes Sense. http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd316500.aspx.

  10. Ibid.

  11. Brent Schlender, Warren Buffett, and Bill Gates (July 20, 1998). Fortune. The Bill & Warren Show.

  12. Senate Judiciary Committee Record of Market Power and Structural Change in the Software Industry Hearing.

  13. Dawn Kawamoto (August 28, 1998). CNET News. Gates Deposition Called Evasive.

  14. Department of Justice Antitrust Website, http://www.justice.gov/atr/cases/ms_depos.htm.

  15. Ellen Neuborne and Steve Hamm (November 30, 1998). BusinessWeek. Microsoft’s Teflon Bill: So far, the Antitrust Trial Hasn’t Sullied the Gates “Brand.”

  16. Matt Schudel (June 15, 2013). Washington Post. Thomas Penfield Jackson, Federal Judge, Dies at 76.

  17. Joseph Nocera (April 26, 1999). Fortune. Microsoft and Me: With the Trial on Hold, Talk of a Settlement Emerges. Our Diarist Heads to Redmond to See if the Defendant Really Has Compromise in Mind.

  18. Ken Auletta (2001). World War 3.0: Microsoft and Its Enemies. Random House.

  19. Steven Levy (August 30, 1999). Newsweek. Behind the Gates Myth.

  20. H. W. Brands (1999). Masters of Enterprise. Free Press.

  21. Steve Lohr (March 11, 1999). New York Times. Microsoft Lawyer’s Assessment of Trial: Not to Worry.

  22. Ken Auletta (2001). World War 3.0: Microsoft and Its Enemies. Random House.

  23. Judge Jackson’s Findings of Fact, http://www.justice.gov/atr/cases/f3800/msjudgex.htm#iii.

  24. Ibid.


  25. Ibid.

  26. Ken Auletta (2001). World War 3.0: Microsoft and Its Enemies. Random House.

  27. Judge Jackson’s Findings of Fact, http://www.justice.gov/atr/cases/f3800/msjudgex.htm#iii.

  28. Ibid.

  29. Ibid.

  30. Bill Gates, Reactions to the Findings. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB941852551455642819.html?dsk=y.

  31. Ken Auletta (2001). World War 3.0: Microsoft and Its Enemies. Random House.

  32. Steve Young (May 22, 2000). CNNfn. Microsoft Renews Attack.

  33. Ibid.

  34. Final Judgment of June 7, 2000, http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-USVMS/pdf/GPO-USVMS-2.pdf.

  35. Ibid.

  36. Memorandum and Order of June 7, 2000, http://www.justice.gov/atr/cases/f219700/219731.htm.

  37. Ibid.

  38. David Kleinbard and Richard Richtmyer (June 7, 2000). CNNfn. Judge Orders Microsoft Split.

  39. Andrew Stephen (2000). New Statesman. Gates Loses $12bn, Just Like That.

  40. Proposed Findings of Fact, Section VII—http://www.justice.gov/atr/cases/f2600/2613b_htm.htm.

  41. N. Petreley (2000). Infoworld. This Year’s Award for Industry Achievement Goes to the Creator of Linux, Linus Torvalds.

  42. Berkman Center for Internet & Society (February 28, 2001). http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/node/279.

  43. Ken Auletta (January 15, 2001). The New Yorker. Final Offer.

  44. Ibid.

  45. Stephen Labaton (February 28, 2001). New York Times. Judges Voice Doubt on Order Last Year to Split Microsoft.

  46. Memorandum from Judge Jackson of March 12, 2001.

  47. Ibid.

  48. Ibid.

  49. Ken Auletta (January 15, 2001). The New Yorker. Final Offer.

  50. Final Judgment by Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly, http://www.justice.gov/atr/cases/f200400/200457.htm.

  51. Order by Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly, http://www.justice.gov/atr/cases/f200400/200456.htm.

  52. Amy Harmon (November 2, 2002). New York Times. U.S. vs. Microsoft: The Overview; Judge Backs Terms of U.S. Settlement in Microsoft Case.

  53. Ibid.

  54. Ibid.

  55. Robert Slater (2004). Microsoft Rebooted: How Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer Reinvented Their Company. Penguin.

  56. Ibid.

  57. Blaine McCormick and Burton W. Folsom Jr (Winter 2003).The Business History Review. A Survey of Business Historians on America’s Greatest Entrepreneurs.