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The Nature Cure

Page 29

by Andreas Michalsen


  19. Daanen and Van Marken Lichtenbelt, “Human Whole Body Cold Adaptation.”

  20. Paul Lee, Sheila Smith, Joyce Linderman, Amber B. Courville, Robert J. Brychta, William Dieckmann, Charlotte D. Werner, Kong Y. Chen, and Francesco S. Celi, “Temperature-Acclimated Brown Adipose Tissue Modulates Insulin Sensitivity in Humans,” Diabetes 63, no. 11 (2014): 3686–98.

  21. Brockow et al., “A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effectiveness of Mild Water-filtered Near Infrared Whole-body Hyperthermia.”

  22. Evgenios Agathokleous, Mitsutoshi Kitao, and Edward J. Calabrese, “Environmental Hormesis and Its Fundamental Biological Basis: Rewriting the History of Toxicology,” Environmental Research 165 (2018): 274–78.

  23. V. Calabrese, C. Cornelius, A. Trovato-Salinaro, M. Cambria, M. Locascio, L. Rienzo, D. Condorelli, C. Mancuso, A. De Lorenzo, and E. Calabrese, “The Hormetic Role of Dietary Antioxidants in Free Radical-Related Diseases,” Current Pharmaceutical Design 16, no. 7 (2010): 877–83.

  24. Albrecht Falkenbach, J. Kovacs, A. Franke, K. Jörgens, and K. Ammer, “Radon Therapy for the Treatment of Rheumatic Diseases—Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Clinical Trials,” Rheumatology International 25, no. 3 (2003): 205–10.

  25. Samuli Rautava, Olli Ruuskanen, Arthur Ouwehand, Seppo Salminen, and Erika Isolauri, “The Hygiene Hypothesis of Atopic Disease—An Extended Version,” Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 38, no. 4 (2004): 378–88.

  26. Peter Smith, Explaining Chaos (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999).

  27. Richard Friebe, Hormesis: Das Prinzip Der Widerstandskraft: Wie Stress Und Gift Uns Stärker Machen (München: Hanser, 2016).

  28. Aaron Antonovsky, Unraveling the Mystery of Health: How People Manage Stress and Stay Well (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1987).

  29. Fabrizio Benedetti, “Placebo Effects: From the Neurobiological Paradigm to Translational Implications,” Neuron 84, no. 3 (2014): 623–37.

  30. C. Sinke, K. Schmidt, K. Forkmann, and U. Bingel, “Expectation Influences the Interruptive Function of Pain: Behavioural and Neural Findings,” European Journal of Pain 21, no. 2 (2016): 343–56.

  31. Ted J. Kaptchuk, Elizabeth Friedlander, John M. Kelley, M. Norma Sanchez, Efi Kokkotou, Joyce P. Singer, Magda Kowalczykowski, Franklin G. Miller, Irving Kirsch, and Anthony J. Lembo, “Placebos without Deception: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Irritable Bowel Syndrome,” PLoS ONE 5, no. 12 (2010).

  32. Ted J. Kaptchuk, John M. Kelley, Lisa A. Conboy, Roger B. Davis, Catherine E. Kerr, Eric E. Jacobson, Irving Kirsch, Rosa N. Schyner, Bong Hyun Nam, Long T. Nguyen, Min Park, Andrea L. Rivers, Claire Mcmanus, Efi Kokkotou, Douglas A. Drossman, Peter Goldman, and Anthony J. Lembo, “Components of Placebo Effect: Randomised Controlled Trial in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome,” BMJ 336, no. 7651 (2008): 999–1003.

  33. M. Schedlowski, P. Enck, W. Rief, and U. Bingel, “Neuro-Bio-Behavioral Mechanisms of Placebo and Nocebo Responses: Implications for Clinical Trials and Clinical Practice,” Pharmacological Reviews 67, no. 3 (2015): 697–730.

  CHAPTER TWO: THERAPIES OF ANTIQUITY REDISCOVERED

  1. R. T. Sawyer, Leech Biology and Behavior (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986).

  2. Sawyer, Leech Biology and Behavior.

  3. Andreas Michalsen, Manfred Roth, and Gustav Dobos, Medicinal Leech Therapy (Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2007).

  4. “Virchow’s Biography,” Biography of Rudolf Virchow—Berliner Medizinhistorisches Museum EN, accessed November 2018, https://www.bmm-charite.de/biography-of-rudolf-virchow.html.

  5. William S. Fields, “The History of Leeching and Hirudin,” Pathophysiology of Haemostasis and Thrombosis 21, no. 1 (1991): 3–10.

  6. Sam Schulman, Rebecca J. Beyth, Clive Kearon, and Mark N. Levine, “Hemorrhagic Complications of Anticoagulant and Thrombolytic Treatment,” Chest 133, no. 6 (2008).

  7. Ingrid Marty, Veronique Péclat, Gailute Kirdaite, Roberto Salvi, Alexander So, and Nathalie Busso, “Amelioration of Collagen-induced Arthritis by Thrombin Inhibition,” Journal of Clinical Investigation 107, no. 5 (2001): 631–40.

  8. I. P. Baskova, L. L. Zavalova, A. V. Basanova, S. A. Moshkovskii, and V. G. Zgoda, “Protein Profiling of the Medicinal Leech Salivary Gland Secretion by Proteomic Analytical Methods,” Biochemistry (Moscow) 69, no. 7 (2004): 770–75.

  9. A. Michalsen, “Effect of Leeches Therapy (Hirudo Medicinalis) in Painful Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Pilot Study,” Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 60, no. 10 (2001): 986.

  10. Andreas Michalsen, Stefanie Klotz, Rainer Liedtke, Susanne Moebus, Gunther Spahn, and Gustav J. Dobos, “Effectiveness of Leech Therapy in Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Randomized, Controlled Trial,” Annals of Internal Medicine 139, no. 9 (2003): 724–30.

  11. Helen Pilcher, “Stuck on You,” Nature 432, no. 7013 (2004): 10–11.

  12. Stefan Andereya, Sven Stanzel, Uwe Maus, Ralf Mueller-Rath, Torsten Mumme, Christian H. Siebert, Friedrich Stock, and Ulrich Schneider, “Assessment of Leech Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Study.” Acta Orthopaedica 79, no. 2 (2008): 235–43.

  13. Michalsen et al., Medicinal Leech Therapy.

  14. J. Bruce Moseley, Kimberly Omalley, Nancy J. Petersen, Terri J. Menke, Baruch A. Brody, David H. Kuykendall, John C. Hollingsworth, Carol M. Ashton, and Nelda P. Wray, “A Controlled Trial of Arthroscopic Surgery for Osteoarthritis of the Knee,” New England Journal of Medicine 347, no. 2 (2002): 81–88.

  15. Andreas Michalsen, Rainer Lüdtke, Özgür Cesur, Dani Afra, Frauke Musial, Marcus Baecker, Matthias Fink, and Gustav J. Dobos, “Effectiveness of Leech Therapy in Women with Symptomatic Arthrosis of the First Carpometacarpal Joint: A Randomized Controlled Trial,” Pain 137, no. 2 (2008): 452–59.

  16. Marcus Bäcker, Rainer Lüdtke, Dani Afra, Özgur Cesur, Jost Langhorst, Matthias Fink, Jürgen Bachmann, Gustav J. Dobos, and Andreas Michalsen, “Effectiveness of Leech Therapy in Chronic Lateral Epicondylitis,” The Clinical Journal of Pain 27, no. 5 (2011): 442–47.

  17. Christoph-Daniel Hohmann, Rainer Stange, Niko Steckhan, Sibylle Robens, Thomas Ostermann, Arion Paetow, and Andreas Michalsen, “The Effectiveness of Leech Therapy in Chronic Low Back Pain,” Deutsches Äerzteblatt Online, 2018.

  18. Romy Lauche, Holger Cramer, Jost Langhorst, and Gustav Dobos, “A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Medical Leech Therapy for Osteoarthritis of the Knee,” The Clinical Journal of Pain 30, no. 1 (2014): 63–72.

  19. Naseem Akhtar Qureshi, Gazzaffi Ibrahim Ali, Tamer Shaban Abushanab, Ahmed Tawfik El-Olemy, Meshari Saleh Alqaed, Ibrahim S. El-Subai, and Abdullah. Al-Bedah, “History of Cupping (Hijama): A Narrative Review of Literature,” Journal of Integrative Medicine 15, no. 3 (2017): 172–81.

  20. Rainer Lüdtke, Uwe Albrecht, Rainer Stange, and Bernhard Uehleke, “Brachialgia Paraesthetica Nocturna Can Be Relieved by ‘Wet Cupping’—Results of a Randomised Pilot Study,” Complementary Therapies in Medicine 14, no. 4 (2006): 247–53.

  21. Lucy Chen and Andreas Michalsen, “Management of Chronic Pain Using Complementary and Integrative Medicine,” BMJ 357 (April 2017).

  22. Andreas Michalsen, Silke Bock, Rainer Lüdtke, Thomas Rampp, Marcus Baecker, Jürgen Bachmann, Jost Langhorst, Frauke Musial, and Gustav J. Dobos, “Effects of Traditional Cupping Therapy in Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial,” The Journal of Pain 10, no. 6 (2009): 601–8.

  23. Romy Lauche, Jost Langhorst, Gustav J. Dobos, and Holger Cramer, “Clinically Meaningful Differences in Pain, Disability and Quality of Life for Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain—A Reanalysis of 4 Randomized Controlled Trials of Cupping Therapy,” Complementary Therapies in Medicine 21, no. 4 (2013): 342–47.

  24. M. Teut, A. Ullmann, M. Ortiz, G. Rotter, S. Binting, M. Cree, F. Lotz, S. Roll, and B. Brinkhaus, “Pulsatile Dry Cupping in Chronic Low Back Pain—a Randomized Three-armed Control
led Clinical Trial,” BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 18, no. 1 (2018).

  25. Michael Teut, Stefan Kaiser, Miriam Ortiz, Stephanie Roll, Sylvia Binting, Stefan N. Willich, and Benno Brinkhaus, “Pulsatile Dry Cupping in Patients with Osteoarthritis of the Knee—a Randomized Controlled Exploratory Trial,” BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 12, no. 1 (2012).

  26. Gerry Greenstone, MD, “The History of Bloodletting,” BCMJ 52, no. 1 (January, February 2010): 12–14, accessed January 14, 2019, https://www.bcmj.org/premise/history-bloodletting#4.

  27. Jennie Cohen, “A Brief History of Bloodletting,” History.com, May 30, 2012, accessed January 14, 2019, https://www.history.com/news/a-brief-history-of-bloodletting.

  28. T. Challoner, C. Briggs, M. W. Rampling, and D. J. Thomas, “A Study of the Haematological and Haemorheological Consequences of Venesection,” British Journal of Haematology 62, no. 4 (1986): 671–78.

  29. Jerome L. Sullivan, “Blood Donation May Be Good for the Donor: Iron, Heart Disease, and Donor Recruitment,” Vox Sanguinis 61, no. 3 (1991): 161–64.

  30. Sullivan, “Blood Donation May Be Good,” 161–64.

  31. Peter Brain and Galenus, Galen on Bloodletting a Study of the Origins, Development and Validity of His Opinions, with a Translation of the Three Works (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986), xiii, 189.

  32. M. Barenbrock, C. Spieker, K. H. Rahn, and W. Zidek, “Therapeutic Efficiency of Phlebotomy in Posttransplant Hypertension Associated with Erythrocytosis,” Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports 40, no. 4 (October 1993): 241–43.

  33. Khosrow S. Houschyar, Rainer Lüdtke, Gustav J. Dobos, Ulrich Kalus, Martina Broecker-Preuss, Thomas Rampp, Benno Brinkhaus, and Andreas Michalsen, “Effects of Phlebotomy-induced Reduction of Body Iron Stores on Metabolic Syndrome: Results from a Randomized Clinical Trial,” BMC Medicine 10, no. 1 (2012).

  34. Leo R. Zacharski, Bruce K. Chow, Paula S. Howes, Galina Shamayeva, John A. Baron, Ronald L. Dalman, David J. Malenka, C. Keith Ozaki, and Philip W. Lavori, “Reduction of Iron Stores and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease,” JAMA 297, no. 6 (2007): 603.

  35. J. T. Salonen, K. Nyyssönen, H. Korpela, J. Tuomilehto, R. Seppänen, and R. Salonen, “High Stored Iron Levels Are Associated with Excess Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Eastern Finnish Men,” Circulation 86, no. 3 (1992): 803–11.

  36. Houschyar et al., “Effects of Phlebotomy-induced Reduction of Body Iron Stores on Metabolic Syndrome.”

  37. Lawrie W. Powell, Rebecca C. Seckington, and Yves Deugnier, “Haemochromatosis,” The Lancet 388, no. 10045 (2016): 706–16.

  38. Powell et al., “Haemochromatosis,” 706–16.

  39. J. Scott Gabrielsen, Yan Gao, Judith A. Simcox, Jingyu Huang, David Thorup, Deborah Jones, Robert C. Cooksey, David Gabrielsen, Ted D. Adams, Steven C. Hunt, Paul N. Hopkins, William T. Cefalu, and Donald A. Mcclain, “Adipocyte Iron Regulates Adiponectin and Insulin Sensitivity,” Journal of Clinical Investigation 122, no. 10 (2012): 3529–40.

  40. Gabrielsen et al., “Adipiocyte Iron Regulates,” 3529–40.

  41. L. R. Zacharski, B. K. Chow, P. S. Howes, G. Shamayeva, J. A. Baron, R. L. Dalman, D. J. Malenka, C. K. Ozaki, and P. W. Lavori, “Decreased Cancer Risk After Iron Reduction in Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease: Results From a Randomized Trial,” JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 100, no. 14 (2008): 996–1002.

  42. Salonen et al., “High Stored Iron Levels Are Associated with Excess Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Eastern Finnish Men.”

  43. Sundrela Kamhieh-Milz, Julian Kamhieh-Milz, Yvonne Tauchmann, Thomas Ostermann, Yatin Shah, Ulrich Kalus, Abdulgabar Salama, and Andreas Michalsen, “Regular Blood Donation May Help in the Management of Hypertension: An Observational Study on 292 Blood Donors,” Transfusion 56, no. 3 (2015): 637–44.

  44. Saul A. Villeda, Kristopher E. Plambeck, Jinte Middeldorp, Joseph M. Castellano, Kira I. Mosher, Jian Luo, Lucas K. Smith, Gregor Bieri, Karin Lin, Daniela Berdnik, Rafael Wabl, Joe Udeochu, Elizabeth G. Wheatley, Bende Zou, Danielle A. Simmons, Xinmin S. Xie, Frank M. Longo, and Tony Wyss-Coray, “Young Blood Reverses Age-related Impairments in Cognitive Function and Synaptic Plasticity in Mice,” Nature Medicine 20, no. 6 (2014): 659–63.

  45. Houschyar et al., “Effects of Phlebotomy-induced Reduction of Body Iron Stores on Metabolic Syndrome.”

  CHAPTER THREE: THE HEALING POWER OF WATER

  1. Karl Eduard Rothschuh, Geschichte Der Physiologie (Berlin: Springer, 1953).

  2. Rothschuh, Geschichte Der Physiologie.

  3. Hindermeyer Jacques, “Geschichte der physikalischen Therapie und der Rehabilitation,” in Illustrierte Geschichte der Medizin by Richard Toellner (Salzburg: Andreas & Andreas, 1986).

  4. Alfred Brauchle and Walter Groh, Zur Geschichte Der Physiotherapie: Naturheilkunde in Ärztlichen Lebensbildern (Heidelberg: Haug, 1971).

  5. Andreas Michalsen, Rainer Lüdtke, Malte Bühring, Günther Spahn, Jost Langhorst, and Gustav J. Dobos, “Thermal Hydrotherapy Improves Quality of Life and Hemodynamic Function in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure,” American Heart Journal 146, no. 4 (2003): 728–33.

  6. Chuwa Tei, Yutaka Horikiri, Jong-Chun Park, Jin-Won Jeong, Kyoung-Sig Chang, Yoshihumi Toyama, and Nobuyuki Tanaka, “Acute Hemodynamic Improvement by Thermal Vasodilation in Congestive Heart Failure,” Circulation 91, no. 10 (1995): 2582–90.

  7. Kurt Kräuchi, Christian Cajochen, Esther Werth, and Anna Wirz-Justice, “Warm Feet Promote the Rapid Onset of Sleep,” Nature 401, no. 6748 (1999): 36–37.

  8. D. Abeck and Malte Büring, Naturheilverfahren Und Unkonventionelle Medizinische Richtungen (Berlin: Springer, 1992).

  9. Handbuch Der Balneologie Und Medizinischen Klimatologie (Berlin: Springer, 1998).

  CHAPTER FOUR: THE VALUE OF RESTRAINT

  1. “Global Burden of Disease (GBD),” Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, December 17, 2018, accessed January 14, 2019, http://www.healthdata.org/gbd.

  2. John P. A. Ioannidis, “The Challenge of Reforming Nutritional Epidemiologic Research,” JAMA 320, no. 10 (2018): 969–70.

  3. Randall J. Cohrs, Tyler Martin, Parviz Ghahramani, Luc Bidaut, Paul J. Higgins, and Aamir Shahzad, “Translational Medicine Definition by the European Society for Translational Medicine,” European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine 2, no. 3 (2014): 86.

  4. Otto Buchinger, Das Heilfasten Und Seine Hilfsmethoden Als Biologischer Weg (Stuttgart: Hippokrates-Verlag, 1960).

  5. Annika Rosengren, Steven Hawken, Stephanie Ôunpuu, Karen Sliwa, Mohammad Zubaid, Wael A. Almahmeed, Kathleen Ngu Blackett, Chitr Sitthi-Amorn, Hiroshi Sato, and Salim Yusuf, “Association of Psychosocial Risk Factors with Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in 11 119 Cases and 13 648 Controls from 52 Countries (the INTERHEART Study): Case-control Study,” The Lancet 364, no. 9438 (2004): 953–62.

  6. R. Walford, “Physiologic Changes in Humans Subjected to Severe, Selective Calorie Restriction for Two Years in Biosphere 2: Health, Aging, and Toxicological Perspectives,” Toxicological Sciences 52, no. 2 (1999): 61–65.

  7. Mark P. Mattson, Valter D. Longo, and Michelle Harvie, “Impact of Intermittent Fasting on Health and Disease Processes,” Ageing Research Reviews 39 (2017): 46–58.

  8. Alessio Nencioni, Irene Caffa, Salvatore Cortellino, and Valter D. Longo, “Fasting and Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Application,” Nature Reviews Cancer 18, no. 11 (2018): 707–19.

  9. Valter D. Longo and Mark P. Mattson, “Fasting: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Applications,” Cell Metabolism 19, no. 2 (2014): 181–92.

  10. Stephan P. Bauersfeld, Christian S. Kessler, Manfred Wischnewsky, Annette Jaensch, Nico Steckhan, Rainer Stange, Barbara Kunz, Barbara Brückner, Jalid Sehouli, and Andreas Michalsen, “The Effects of Short-term Fasting on Quality of Life and Tolerance to Chemotherapy in Patients with Br
east and Ovarian Cancer: A Randomized Cross-over Pilot Study,” BMC Cancer 18, no. 1 (2018): 476.

  11. Stefanie De Groot, Maaike P. G. Vreeswijk, Marij J. P. Welters, Gido Gravesteijn, Jan J. W. A. Boei, Anouk Jochems, Daniel Houtsma, Hein Putter, Jacobus J. M. Van Der Hoeven, Johan W. R. Nortier, Hanno Pijl, and Judith R. Kroep, “The Effects of Short-term Fasting on Tolerance to (neo) Adjuvant Chemotherapy in HER2-negative Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized Pilot Study,” BMC Cancer 15, no. 1 (2015).

  12. IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans, “Red Meat and Processed Meat,” IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, No. 114 (Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2018), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507971/.

  13. Luigi Fontana and Linda Partridge, “Promoting Health and Longevity through Diet: From Model Organisms to Humans,” Cell 161, no. 1 (2015): 106–18.

  14. Longo and Mattson, “Fasting: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Applications.”

  15. Longo and Mattson, “Fasting.”

  16. Heinz Fahrner, Fasten Als Therapie (Stuttgart: Verlag Nicht Ermittelbar, 1991).

  17. Mark P. Mattson, Keelin Moehl, Nathaniel Ghena, Maggie Schmaedick, and Aiwu Cheng, “Intermittent Metabolic Switching, Neuroplasticity and Brain Health,” Nature Reviews Neuroscience 19, no. 2 (2018): 63–80.

  18. Mahbubur Rahman, Sajjad Muhammad, Mahtab A. Khan, Hui Chen, Dirk A. Ridder, Helge Müller-Fielitz, Barbora Pokorná, Tillman Vollbrandt, Ines Stölting, Roger Nadrowitz, Jürgen G. Okun, Stefan Offermanns, and Markus Schwaninger, “The β-hydroxybutyrate Receptor HCA2 Activates a Neuroprotective Subset of Macrophages,” Nature Communications 5, no. 1 (2014): 3944.

  19. Laurence Eyres, Michael F. Eyres, Alexandra Chisholm, and Rachel C. Brown, “Coconut Oil Consumption and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Humans,” Nutrition Reviews 74, no. 4 (2016): 267–80.

 

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