Frost, F. J. (1964) ‘Pericles and Dracontides’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 84.
——(1964) ‘Pericles, Thucydides, Son of Melesias, and politics before the war’, Historia 13.
Fuller, J. F. C. (1958) The Generalship of Alexander The Great, London: Eyre & Spottiswoode.
Gomme, A. W., Andrewes, A. and Dover, K. J. (1945–81) A Historical Commentary on Thucydides, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Graham, A. J. (1964) Colony and Mother City in Ancient Greece, Manchester: Manchester University Press.
——(1982) The Cambridge Ancient History vol. 3.3, 2nd edn, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Griffith, G. T. (1947) ‘Alexander’s generalship at Gaugamela’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 67.
——(1965) ‘The Macedonian background’ in Alexander The Great, Greece & Rome vol. 12, No. 2, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Griffith, G. T. and Hammond, N. G. L. (1979) Macedonia, vol. 2, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Gwynn, A. (1918) ‘The character of Greek colonization’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 38.
Hammond, N. G. L. (1967) ‘The origins and the nature of the Athenian Alliance of 478/7 BC’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 87.
——(1980) ‘The Battle of the Granicus River’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 100.
——(1988) Cambridge Ancient History vol. 4, 2nd edn, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
——(1989) Alexander the Great: King, Commander and Statesman, 2nd edn, Bristol: Bristol University Press.
Hansen, M. H. (1983) The Athenian Ecclesia. Collection of Articles 1976–83, Copen-hagen: Museum Tusculanum Press.
——(1989) The Athenian Ecclesia 2. Collection of Articles 1983–89, Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press.
——(1991) The Athenian Democracy in the Age of Demosthenes, Oxford and Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell.
Hignett, C. (1952) A History of the Athenian Constitution, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
——(1963) Xerxes’ Invasion of Greece, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hodkinson, S. (1989) ‘Inheritance, marriage and demography: Perspectives upon the success and decline of Classical Sparta’ in Powell, A. (ed.) Classical Sparta: Techniques Behind Her Success, London: Routledge.
——(1993) ‘Warfare, wealth, and the crisis of Spartiate society’ in Rich, J. and Shipley, G. (eds) War and Society in the Greek World, London: Routledge.
——(1994) ‘“Blind Ploutos”?: Contemporary images of the role of wealth in Classical Sparta’ in Powell, A. and Hodkinson, S. (eds) The Shadow of Sparta, London and New York: Routledge.
——(1996) ‘Spartan society in the fourth century: Crisis and continuity’ in Carlier, P. (ed.) Le IVe siecle av. J.C.: Approches historiographiques, Paris: de Boccard.
——(1997) ‘The development of Spartan society in the Archaic period’ in Mitchell, L. and Rhodes, P. J. (eds) The Development of the Polis in Archaic Greece, London: Routledge.
——(2000) Property and Wealth in Classical Sparta, London: Duckworth.
Holladay, A. J. (1978) ‘Athenian strategy in the Archidamian War’, Historia 27.
Hooker, J. T. (1989) ‘Spartan propaganda’ in Powell, A. (ed.) Classical Sparta: Techniques Behind Her Success, London: Routledge.
Hornblower, J. (1981) Hieronymus of Cardia, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hornblower, S. (1983) The Greek World 479–323 BC, London and New York: Methuen.
——(1987) Thucydides, London: Duckworth.
——(2008) A Commentary on Thucydides, vol. 3, Books 5.25–8.10, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
How, W. W. and Wells, J. (1928) A Commentary on Herodotus vol. 2, 2nd edn, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hurwit, J. M. (1985) The Art and Culture of Early Greece, 1100–480, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
Jacobsen, H. (1975) ‘The oath of the Delian League’, Philologus 119.
Kagan, D. (1969) The Outbreak of the Peloponnesian War, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
——(1974) The Archidamian War, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
——(1987) The Fall of the Athenian Empire, Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
——(1990) Pericles of Athens and the Birth of Democracy, London: Guild.
Lenardon, A. J. (1978) The Saga of Themistocles, London: Thames & Hudson.
Lewis, D. M. (1963) ‘Cleisthenes and Attica’, Historia 12.
——(1977) Sparta and Persia, Leiden: E. J. Brill.
——(1988) Cambridge Ancient History vol. 4, 2nd edn, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
——(1992) Cambridge Ancient History vol. 5, 2nd edn, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Low, P. (ed) (2008) The Athenian Empire, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
McGregor, M. F. (1987) The Athenians and their Empire, Vancouver: University of British Columbia.
Macdowell, D. M. (1978) The Law in Classical Athens, London: Thames & Hudson.
Marsden, E. W. (1964) The Campaign of Gaugamela, Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
Meiggs, R. (1972) The Athenian Empire, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Meiggs, R. and Lewis, D. M. (1969) A Selection of Greek Historical Inscriptions to the End of the Fifth Century, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Merritt, B. D., Wade-Gery, H. T. and McGregor, M. F. (1949–53) The Athenian Tribute Lists, Princeton, New Jersey: American School of Classical Studies.
Michell, H. (1952) Sparta, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Moore, J. M. (1983) Aristotle and Xenophon on Democracy and Oligarchy, 2nd edn, London: Chatto & Windus.
Morris, I. (1987) Burial and Ancient Society, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Murray, O. (1993) Early Greece, 2nd edn, London: Fontana Press.
Ostwald, M. (1969) Nomos and the Beginnings of Athenian Democracy, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
——(1986) From Popular Sovereignty to the Sovereignty of Law, Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California.
——(1988) Cambridge Ancient History vol. 4, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Parke, H. W. (1930) ‘The development of the second Spartan Empire’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 50.
——(1977) Festivals of the Athenians, London: Thames & Hudson.
Pelling, C. B. R. (1980) ‘Plutarch’s adaptation of his source material’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 100.
Perlman, S. (1964) ‘The causes and outbreak of the Corinthian War’, Classical Quarterly 14.
——(1973) Philip and Athens, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Pickard-Cambridge, A. W. (1953) Cambridge Ancient History vol. 6, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Powell, A. (1988) Athens and Sparta, London: Routledge.
Rawlings, H. H. (1977) ‘Thucydides on the purpose of the Delian League’, Phoenix 31.
Rawson, E. (1969) The Spartan Tradition in European Thought, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rhodes, P. J. (1972) The Athenian Boule, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
——(1972) ‘The Five Thousand in the Athenian revolutions of 411 BC’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 92.
——(1981) A Commentary on the Aristotelian ‘Athenaion Politeia’, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
——(1985) The Athenian Empire, Oxford: Greece & Rome New Surveys in the Classics 17.
——(1987) ‘Thucydides on the causes of the Peloponnesian War’, Hermes 115.
——(1992) Cambridge Ancient History vol. 5, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
——(2003) A History of the Classical Greek World: 478–323 BC, Oxford: Blackwell.
Rihll, T. E. (1991) ‘Hektemoroi: Partners in crime?’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 111.
Roberts, J. W. (1984) City of Socrates. An Introduction to Classical Athens, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Robinson, C. E. (1957) A History of Greece, London: Methuen.
Roebuck, C. (1988) Cambridge Ancient History vol. 4, Cambridge: Cambridge Unive
rsity Press.
de Romilly, J. (1963) Thucydides and Athenian Imperialism, Oxford: Blackwell.
——(1966) ‘Thucydides and the cities of the Athenian Empire’, Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, 13; reprinted in Low, P. (2008) (ed.) The Athenian Empire, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Russell, D. A. (1973) Plutarch, London: Duckworth.
Ryder, T. T. B. (1975) ‘Introduction’ in Demosthenes and Aeshines, London: Penguin Classics.
Salmon, J. (1977) ‘Political hoplites?’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 97.
Seager, R. (1967) ‘Thrasybulus, Conon, and Athenian imperialism’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 87.
Sealey, R. (1976) A History of the Greek City States 700–338 BC, London: University of California.
Sinclair, R. K. (1988) Democracy and Participation in Athens, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Snodgrass, A. M. (1965) ‘The hoplite reform and history’, Journal of Hellenic Studies 85.
Stanton, G. R. (1984) ‘The tribal reform of Kleisthenes the Alcmaeonid’, Chiron 14.
——(1990) Athenian Politics c.800–500 BC: A Sourcebook, London and New York: Routledge.
de Ste. Croix, G. E. M. (1954–55) ‘The character of the Athenian Empire’, Historia 3; reprinted in Low, P. (2008) (ed.) The Athenian Empire, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
——(1956) ‘The constitution of The Five Thousand’, Historia 5.
——(1961) ‘Jurisdiction in the Athenian Empire II’, Classical Quarterly 11.
——(1972) The Origins of the Peloponnesian War, London: Duckworth.
Talbert, R. J. A. (1988) Plutarch on Sparta, Penguin Classics.
Tarn, W. W. (1953) Cambridge Ancient History vol. 6, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Tigerstedt, E. N. (1965–78) The Legend of Sparta in Classical Antiquity, 2 vols. and Index vol., Stockholm, Goteborg and Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksell.
Toynbee, A. (1969) Some Problems of Greek History, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Wade-Gery, H. T. (1958) ‘The Spartan Rhetra in Plutarch Lycurgus VI’ in Essays in Greek History, Oxford: Blackwell.
——(1958) ‘Thucydides the Son of Melesias’ in Essays in Greek History, Oxford: Blackwell.
Walker, P. K. (1955) ‘Purpose and the method of the Pentekontaetia’, Classical Quarterly 5.
Wallace, R. W. (1989) The Areopagus Council, to 307 BC, Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Wardman, A. E. (1971) Plutarch’s Methods in his Lives, Classical Quarterly 21.
Westlake, A. D. (1969) Essays on Greek Historians and Greek History, Manchester: Manchester University Press.
WEBSITES
Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
A good starting point for basic (and more, in some cases) information on the widest range of Greek history topics. Effective links within a topic and suggested reading.
Perseus: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper
An excellent site for the whole range of the Ancient World. Click on ‘Collections and Texts’ and then on ‘Greek and Roman Materials’ to gain access to all the ancient Greek literary sources, both in Greek and in English. Click on ‘Art and Archaeology Artifact Browser’ for access to a superb photographic collection of sites, buildings, sculpture, vases, coins, etc.
Internet Ancient History Sourcebook: http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/asbook.html
A very useful website. It has a section on primary sources and how to use them under ‘Studying History’. It also has translations of six of the major Greek history authors, including Pausanias, under ‘Greece: Major Historians: Complete Texts’. Finally it has links to specific topics and primary source translation under such themes as ‘The Age of Tyranny’, ‘Sparta’, etc.
Ancient Greek Cities: http://www.sikyon.com/index.html
A brief overview of the history, art, monuments, etc., of Athens and Sparta, and seven others (e.g. Sikyon, Argos).
INDEX
Abydus, naval victory at (406), 413
Acarnanians, 22
Achaea, 31
Acharnae (deme), 340
Acharnians (Aristophanes), 310, 311, 312
Acropolis, 111, 135;
building construction, 109, 110
Adeimantos, 11
Adrastus, 53
Aegean, Theban foreign policy, 443–45
Aegina, 141, 185, 186, 309
Aegospotamoi, battle of (400), 253, 284, 397, 415, 418, 428
Aeschines, 444, 458, 462
Aeschylus, 147, 148, 151, 162
Agasicles, 77
age of tyranny (c.650–510), 40–54
Agesilaos (Spartan king):
campaigns of, 8, 26, 29;
literary sources, 5, 24, 25, 28;
and rise of Thebes, 432, 435;
and Spartan foreign policy, 418, 422
Agiads, families of, 66
Agis II, King of Sparta:
Decelea, 364–65, 384, 397, 400;
rebuffs oligarchy’soffers 407–8;
and the Peloponnese, 360–61
Agis IV, King of Sparta: 59, 73–74
see also ‘third century revolution’
agogimoi (group of Athenians), 91
Agora (civic centre of Athens), 110, 111
agroikoi (farmers), 99
aitai (grounds of complaint), 299, 302–13
Alcaeus of Mytilene, 41
Alcibiades, 134, 358;
advice to Spartans, 362–63, 388;
advice to Tissaphernes, 389;
blame for Sicilian failure, 383;
challenge to Sparta’s hegemony, 358, 359;
condemned to death in absence, 362, 373, 375;
Cyzicus, battle of, 392;
fails in Persian alliance, 390, 405;
first appearance in Athenian politics, 358;
hopes to return to Athens, 390, 403;
military ability, 382;
and the mutilation of the Hermae, 362, 371;
and oligarchic movement, 405, 407, 410, 413;
retires in disgrace, 395;
sent to Sicily, 371;
and Sicily,
Athenian policy, 370–71, 373, 383;
splits the Four Hundred with compromise, 410;
use of diplomacy, 372, 373;
use of ostracism, 321
Alcidas, 203
Alcmaenids (aristocratic family), 80, 98, 136;
and Cleisthenes’ reforms, 115–16, 121;
and rule of the Peisistratids, 104, 105–6, 116
Alcman (poet), 55, 56
Aleuadae of Larissa, 153–54
Alexander II, of Macedon, 441, 442
Alexander III (Alexander the Great):
army see army of Alexander the Great;
and Darius III, 477, 487–89, 492, 495;
Gaugamela, battle of (326), 488–95;
Granicus (River), battle of (329), 477–82;
Issus, battle of (328), 482–88;
literary sources, 2, 5, 17, 472–73
Alexander of Macedon (Persian War), 154
Alexander of Pherae, 441–42, 443, 445
Al Mina, trading posts in, 35, 36, 48
Amanus mountains, 482, 484, 485
Ambracia, 38
Amorges, 23
Amphictyonic Congress, 213
Amphictyonic Council, 466
Amphictyonic League, 455, 458, 460, 465
Amphipolis (city in Thrace), 359, 386;
and Archidamian War, 348, 352;
literary sources, 18, 20, 22;
and Philip II, 453, 463
Amyclai village, 61
Anabasis (Arrian), 464, 467, 472, 473, 475, 478, 480, 481, 484, 485, 487, 489, 492, 493, 495
Anabasis (Xenophon), 24, 25, 250, 283, 394, 415
Anactorium, 38, 356
anakrisis (preliminary inquiry), 260
Anaxagoras, 329
Anaxandridas, reign, 78
Anaxibios, 427
Anaximenes, 474
Androcles, 401
Andros, island of, 179, 180
Androtion, 3, 117, 133
Antalcidas, 426, 428;
see also Peace of Antalcidas (King’s Peace 387/1)
anti-democratic movement, 402
Antiochis (tribe), 127
Antiphon, 408, 409
Antiochus, 485
apoikia (colony), 31
Apollo, priestess of, 34
Apollodorus, 8
Apollonia, 38
Apollo Patroos, 110
Arcadian League, 29, 230;
and Thebes, 437, 439, 440, 444–46
Acharnians (Aristophanes) 310, 311, 312
archeology, 33
Archias, 32
Archidamian War (431–421), 19, 23, 282
from 431 to 423, 341–43;
from 427 to 419, 343–48;
from 424/3 to 416, 348–52;
Athenian strategy, 337–39;
ending with Peace of Nicias, 331, 352;
inscriptions, 180;
invasions, nature of, 384;
outbreak of, 362;
Spartan strategy, 339–41
Archidamus (Spartan king), 21, 224, 314;
and Archidamian War, 341, 343;
opposed immediate war, 67, 224, 314, 318, 320, 340;
and Persia, 385
archons (public officials), 92, 102, 105;
and Cleisthenes, 128, 129, 131;
dokimasia of, 240;
and Ephialtes, 237, 240, 243, 258;
no longer directly elected, 144;
opened to middle-class, 245;
and Solon, 92–93, 99
see also basileus (king-archon);
eponymous archon (chief archon);
polemarch Areopagus (aristocratic council), 94, 106, 119, 237;
and Cleisthenes, 128–29, 131;
and Ephialtes, 220, 237–39, 240–42, 243, 244;
literary sources, 2, 13;
membership of, 89, 92–93, 102, 118;
religious powers, 239;
secular powers, 239–42
Arginusae, battle of (401), 28, 396
Argives/Argive army, 46, 437;
and Spartan hegemony, 357, 359, 360
Argolid, 361
Argos, 12, 52, 53, 108, 267;
and Corinth, 426, 428–29;
and Sparta, 55, 77–79, 229–30, 231;
see also Pheidon of Argos Aristagoras, 12, 139
Aristides, 145, 177;
Delian League, 173, 174, 177;
opposition to Themistocles, 145, 212, 215–16;
ostracism, 134, 145
Aspects of Greek History (750–323BC) Page 73