by Marcia Coyle
Gingrich, Newt, 201
Ginsburg, Douglas, 129
Ginsburg, Ruth Bader, 5–6, 8, 14, 79, 233, 299, 342
Affordable Care concurring opinion of, 349–50
Boumediene case and, 183
Christian Legal Society opinion of, 302
in Citizens United oral arguments, 234
in Citizens United reargument, 262–63, 265
color-blindness of Constitution rejected by, 115
confrontation clause and, 16–17
on dissents, 303
Gonzales dissent of, 106–7
on importance of briefs, 86–87
and Kennedy v. Louisiana, 184–85
Ledbetter dissent of, 107, 309
opinion assignments by, 328
Ricci dissent of, 246
in Roberts Court liberal wing, 105, 108
in Seattle-Louisville oral arguments, 101–2
Second Amendment interpretation of, 145–46
as senior minority justice, 299–300
Tellabs opinion of, 310
Vermont campaign finance dissent of, 211–12
Wal-Mart dissent of, 324
global warming, 84, 106
Golder, Chad, 336
Goldstein, Thomas, 148, 152
Gonzales, Alberto, 18, 20
Gonzales v. Carhart, 97, 106–7, 215, 376
Gonzales v. Raich, 292–93, 294, 339
Goodyear Tire & Rubber, 97, 107, 308–9
Gordon, Teddy, 99
in Louisville lawsuit, 56, 59–60
oral argument by, 89–90
Seattle-Louisville briefs of, 89–90
in Seattle-Louisville oral arguments, 100
Gore, Al, 268, 320
GPS units, First Amendment and, 345
Graham, Lindsey, 69
Graham v. Florida, 266, 380
Gratz v. Bollinger, 56–59, 63, 90, 92
Great Depression, 290
Greenberg, Jack, 115
Green v. County School Board, 43
Gregoire, Christine, 50
Griffith, Thomas, 141
Grisham, John, 229
Gross v. FBL Financial Services, 267, 314, 379–80
Grutter v. Bollinger, 56–59, 63, 64, 92, 117
amicus briefs in, 161
Bush administration and, 90
as precedent, 88
Seattle-Louisville case and, 88–89
Guantánamo Bay detainees, 73, 83, 182–84, 220, 237
Gun-Free School Zone Act, 292
gun rights, 3, 5, 254–55
see also Second Amendment
Gura, Alan, 179
background of, 133
and drafting of Parker case, 133
in Heller oral arguments, 159–60, 173–74, 178–79
Kennedy as viewed by, 170–71
as lead Parker litigator, 133, 138, 139
on likelihood of Heller win, 170–71, 176–77
McDonald case and, 268
in moot courts, 170
and motion to consolidate Parker and Seegars, 136–37
on NRA’s territoriality, 137
in Parker appeal, 140
in response to D.C.’s petition, 149
on Scalia’s Heller decision, 194
and Scalia’s Heller opinion, 187
and solicitor general’s brief, 153–54
habeas corpus, 151, 182–84, 297
Habeas Corpus Act (1679; British), 182
Haddad, Carole, 41
Halbrook, Stephen, 156, 170, 177
background of, 135
Heller amicus brief of, 161
and motion to consolidate Parker and Seegars, 136–37
Second Amendment cases litigated by, 138
Second Amendment scorecard of, 145–46
Seegars lawsuit brought by, 135–39
Hamdan, Salim Ahmed, 82
Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, 73, 82–83, 151, 237, 376
Hamilton, Alexander, 185
Hammer v. Dagenhardt, 290
Harlan, John Marshall, 24, 112, 354–55, 356
Harman Mining Co., 230
Hasen, Richard, 211, 224
Hatch, Orrin, 22, 306
Health and Human Services Department, U.S., 321, 322
health insurance, 8
heightened scrutiny, 153, 155, 326, 327
Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation, 107–8, 215, 310–11, 364n, 377
Heller, Dick, 130, 150, 170, 179, 187
background of, 141–42
denial of gun registration to, 141, 143
as only Parker complainant granted standing, 140, 141–43, 150
Heller case, 3, 174, 220, 255, 267, 278, 287, 299, 302, 307, 378
amicus briefs in, 155–56, 160–62, 174, 181
Breyer’s dissent in, 180, 189, 190–91
Clement in, 152, 153–56, 173, 174, 178, 320
conference vote on, 180
Court’s recasting of question in, 150
D.C. question for Court in, 148–49
Dellinger in, 159–60, 171–72
grounds for Supreme Court review of, 150–51
Gura as lead litigator in, 159–60
heightened scrutiny standard and, 155
Levy team in, 149, 170–71
moot courts for, 170
Morrison and, 148, 151–52, 157–58
oral arguments in, 159–60, 173–79
originalism and, 163, 169, 180, 190, 191–92
pragmatism and, 169
Scalia’s opinion in, 180–81, 187–94
solicitor general’s brief in, 152, 153–56
Stevens’s dissent in, 180, 189–90
see also Parker v. District of Columbia
Henderson, Karen LeCraft, 141
Henigan, Dennis, 137–38, 177, 179
on Heller’s standing, 143
Supreme Court appeal of Parker opposed by, 146
Heritage Foundation, 92, 142, 286–87
Herring v. United States, 266
Heyburn, John, II, 56, 58–59, 60
Hillary: The Movie, 206, 219, 224, 227–28, 233
Ho, James, 14, 15
Hogan & Hartson, 93
Holder, Eric, 319, 331
Affordable Care cases and, 294–95, 319
Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project, 301–2, 343, 381
Horton, Willie, 200
House of Representatives, U.S., Tea Party caucus of, 341
Hubbell, Webster, 201
Hudson v. Michigan, 73, 79, 375
Humanitarian Law Projet case, 301–2, 343, 381
Hutchison, Kay Bailey, 143, 156
illegal immigrants, 91, 206, 312, 320, 324, 333, 346–47, 381
incorporation, 195
Independence Institute, 174
individual mandate, 2, 283, 287, 296, 322, 331, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 343–45, 347–48, 350–51, 383
Ingraham High School (Seattle), 32–33
In My Time (Cheney), 156
Institute for Justice, 124–25, 128, 129, 132
Internal Revenue Service, 295, 321, 322, 348
International Criminal Court, 202
Iolanthe (Gilbert and Sullivan), 14
Iqbal, Javaid, 222
Iqbal case, 221, 222–24, 267, 310, 379
It’s Even Worse Than It Looks (Mann and Ornstein), 276
Jackson, Robert H., 291, 354–55, 356
James Madison Center for Free Speech, 218
J.D.B. v. North Carolina, 329–30, 382
Jefferson, Thomas, 351
Jefferson County, Ky., residential segregation in, 41
Jefferson County School District, 34
federally ordered desegregation plan of, 40–41, 75
lawsuit against, see Louisville school lawsuit
“managed choice” school assignments in, 41–42
school integration as goal of, 41
job discrimination cases, 313, 364n, 377, 379–80, 381
ministerial exception for, 345
Johns
on, Lyndon, 240
Johnson, Tim, 71
judicial activism, 6, 44, 355
judicial restraint, 190, 214–15, 351, 355
see also precedent, respect for
Justice Department, U.S.:
firearms regulation enforcement by, 152
Office of Federal Programs of, 295
Second Amendment interpretation of, 126–27
Seegars case and, 136
tax division of, 295–96
justices:
age of, 4
Kagan on role of, 316–17
umpire analogy for, 20, 23, 316–17
Kagan, Elena, 8, 117, 243
and Affordable Care case recusal demands, 340–41
Arizona Christian School dissent of, 329
Arizona Free Enterprise Club dissent of, 328
and Citizens United decision, 245
in Citizens United reargument, 257–58, 262, 264–65
in Clinton administration, 305
confrontation clause and, 17
expected tenure of, 17–18
as hands-on solicitor general, 257
hypotheticals in opinions of, 329
investiture of, 317
law clerks as used by, 317–18
Miller opinion of, 345
oral arguments and, 317
Senate confirmation hearings of, 304–7, 316–17
as solicitor general, 236–37, 257
Supreme Court nomination of, 300
Kansas Supreme Court, 73
Kansas v. Marsh, 73, 79, 376
Kates, Don, 170
Katrina, Hurricane, 60, 71
Katsas, Gregory, 338
Katyal, Neal, 237, 258, 274, 355
in Affordable Care cases, 319, 320–23
and Citizens United decision, 245
in NAMUDNO oral arguments, 242
in Thomas More case, 331
Kennedy, Anthony, 4, 8, 46, 60, 79, 175, 297, 352
Affordable Care dissent of, 349, 355
in Affordable Care oral arguments, 344
Arizona Christian School opinion of, 328
Austin dissent of, 260, 269
Boumediene opinion of, 182–84
Caperton opinion of, 244–45
Citizens United and, 245
Citizens United draft opinion of, 251, 252
Citizens United opinion of, 270–72, 277
Comstock opinion of, 339
confrontation clause and, 17, 221–22
on Constitution’s supposed color-blindness, 110, 116
Davis case and, 186
First Amendment as viewed by, 268–69
Garcetti opinion of, 73, 269
Gonzales opinion of, 106–7
Hamdan concurring opinion of, 82–83
in Heller oral arguments, 175–76
individual liberty as concern of, 340
Iqbal opinion of, 222–23, 310
Kennedy opinion of, 339
Levy team’s view of, 170–71
LULAC opinion of, 80–81
McConnell dissent of, 269
and Michigan affirmative action cases, 93
in NAMUDNO oral arguments, 242, 243
on oral arguments, 170
Ricci opinion of, 246–47
Seattle-Louisville concurring opinion of, 110–11, 118
in Seattle-Louisville oral arguments, 99–100
Second Amendment interpretation of, 175–77
Sorrell opinion of, 326–27
as swing vote, 71, 79–80, 96, 98, 106, 118, 267, 269, 303, 330, 333
WRTL case and, 214
Kennedy, Ted, 99, 286
Kennedy v. Louisiana, 184–86, 378
Kerry, John, 202, 205
Keyes v. School District No. 1, 44
Kilberg, Bill, 225
Kim, Todd, 140, 148, 153
Klarman, Michael, 46
Kneedler, Edwin, 228–29, 336
Knox v. Service Employees International Union, 345–46, 383
Koch brothers, 202, 341
Kohl, Herb, 212
Kopel, Dave, 174
Korrell, Harry, III, 32, 50, 55
Seattle-Louisville brief of, 87–88, 92
on Seattle-Louisville cases implication, 118
in Seattle-Louisville oral arguments, 99, 100
in Seattle schools lawsuit, 48–49, 51–52, 65, 75, 76
Kozinski, Alex, 65
Krueger, Leondra, 336
Kucinich, Dennis, 171
Kurfirst, Jill, 32, 33, 35, 98
Landes, William, 315
Lawrence v. Texas, 332
lawsuits, pleading requirements in, 222–23
Layton, Frank, 172
League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC), 80
League of United Latin American Citizens v. Perry (LULAC case), 29, 80–81, 375
Leahy, Patrick, 304
Ledbetter, Lilly, 97, 107, 308–9
Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., 97, 107, 308–9, 313–14, 364n, 377
legitimacy, 10
Lehman, David, 123, 132
Levy, Bob, 161, 179
Gura and, 133, 159–60
Heller and Parker cases bankrolled by, 128–30
Heller oral arguments and, 174
on Heller’s standing, 143
Hutchison bill and, 144
Neily’s friendship with, 129
NRA meeting with, 132
in response to D.C. petition, 149
and Scalia’s Heller opinion, 187
and solicitor general’s brief, 153–54, 156
on three phases of Second Amendment litigation, 131
Von Breichenruchardt and, 142
libertarians, 124–25, 127
Liberty University, 282
Liberty University v. Geithner, 318, 331
Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act (2009), 309
Lionsgate, 205
“living constitutionalism,” see pragmatism
Lochner era, 290, 327, 350
Lochner v. New York, 290, 327
Long, Robert, 338
Lopez case, 292–93, 305, 339
Louisville, Ky., 29
public schools in, see Jefferson County School District
Louisville school lawsuit, 29, 55–56, 84, 376
Browne and, 49
Gordon in, 56, 59–60
Heyburn’s ruling on, 58–59, 60
Mellen in, 56
Pacific Legal Foundation and, 49
petition for review filed in, 70, 75–76
in Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals, 59, 60, 64
see also Seattle-Louisville school integration cases
LULAC case, see League of United Latin American Citizens v. Perry
Lund, Nelson, 132, 193
Luttig, Michael, 20
Lynn, Mass., residential segregation in, 62
Lynn School Committee:
desegregation plan of, 62–63
lawsuit against, 63–64, 75, 77
McCain, John, 199, 203, 229, 261, 265
McCain-Feingold Act (2002), 108, 186–87, 203, 226, 231, 262, 277, 377
corporate electioneering restrictions in, 203–4, 206–7, 212–19, 225, 227–28, 251, 261–65, 270–73
disclosure requirement of, 204, 206, 219, 224, 225, 227–28
McConnell decision and, 204, 210, 213, 214, 224
millionaires’ amendment to, 186, 216–17, 218, 378
soft money ban of, 273
McCarthy, Eugene, 209
McCollum, Bill, 281, 319, 343
in Affordable Care case, 281–86, 288, 295
McConnell, Mitch, 204, 218, 226, 260–61
McConnell v. Federal Election Commission, 204, 210, 212, 213, 214, 224, 226, 227, 231
Citizens United and, 249, 252, 260–61, 269, 270–71, 274
as effectively overruled by WRTL decision, 214
Kennedy dissent in, 269
McDonald, Otis, 195
McDonald v. City of Chicago, 268, 302–3, 380
&n
bsp; Clement in, 337–38
as phase two of Levy team’s Second Amendment campaign, 195
McKinley, William, 208
McMaster, Henry, 282
McReynolds, James Clark, 172–73
Madden, Michael, 56–57, 62, 65
in Seattle lawsuit, 53–54, 76
Seattle-Louisville case and, 86, 92, 93–94, 118, 119
in Seattle-Louisville oral arguments, 99–100, 101
Madison, James, 180, 190
on commerce clause, 288–89
Magna Carta, 182
magnet schools, 55, 56
Making Our Democracy Work (Breyer), 167–68
Maloney v. Cuomo, 366n
Mann, Thomas, 276
Marbury v. Madison, 165
Marshall, John, 18, 61, 351
consensus building by, 24
Gibbons opinion of, 289–90, 305
Marshall, Thurgood, 27, 45–46, 112–13, 131, 237, 305
Austin opinion of, 259–60
Bakke dissent of, 113
Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency, 106, 376
Massey Energy, 230
Matter of Interpretation, A (Scalia), 145
Medicaid, 283–84, 331, 333, 334, 336, 338, 345, 349, 350, 354
Meehan, Martin, 229
Meese, Edwin, 21, 49, 67–68, 170
Federalist Society and, 50–51
as originalist, 163–64
Melendez-Diaz, Luis, 221
Melendez-Diaz v. Massachusetts, 221–22, 378–79
Mellen, Francis, 56, 99
Mellor, William “Chip,” 124–25, 129
Meredith, Crystal, 42–43, 55, 59–60, 64, 85, 99
Meredith, Joshua, 42–43, 55, 85
Meredith v. Jefferson County Board of Education, see Louisville School lawsuit; Seattle-Louisville school integration cases
Michigan, anti-affirmative action initiative in, 49–50
Michigan, University of, affirmative action lawsuits against, 56–59, 63, 64, 77–78, 88, 90, 93, 117, 161
Michigan Chamber of Commerce, 258
Miers, Harriet, 20, 71
Supreme Court nomination of, 18, 25, 72
Mikva, Abner, 305
military commissions, 73, 82–83, 151, 237, 376, 378
Military Commissions Act (2006), 151, 182, 378
Miller, Jack, 172
Miller, John, 51
Miller case (U.S. v. Miller), 126, 141, 172–73, 180, 188, 190
Miller v. Alabama, 345, 383
Milliken v. Bradley, 44–45
“minimalism,” 94, 108, 215–16
Miranda rights, 329–30, 382
Missouri v. Jenkins, 46
Mojave Desert National Preserve, 301
Momboisse, Raymond, 49
Monaghan, Tom, 282
Montana campaign finance case, 274–75, 334, 346
Montejo v. Louisiana, 266, 267
Moore, Michael, 202, 204
Morgan Stanley Capital Group, 159
Morrison, Alan, 153, 159
on decision to appeal Parker, 146–47
Heller case and, 148, 151–52, 157–58
Nickles’s firing of, 158
on solicitor general’s brief, 156