American Aurora
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seditious libel conviction,
on standing army
and U.S. citizenship
on Virginian rejection of sedition bill
Camden, Battle of
Campbell, Hugh G.
Canby, Joseph
Carey, Mathew
Carey’s Recorder
Carmichael, William
Carr, James
Catholicism. See anti-Catholicism
Cavan, Patrick
censorship. See press freedom; seditious libel prosecutions
census, federal
Chase, Samuel
Bache seditious libel charge
Callender trial
Cooper trial
Fries war-protest trial
Chastellux, François-Jean de, Marquis
Chat, Claudius
Chatham (ship)
Chaumont, Jacques-Donatien Le Ray de
checks and balances
Adams on
American
British
critics of
senate as
veto power as
see also bicameralism; executive power
Chew, Benjamin
Childs, Francis
Christ Church
church-state separation. See religious freedom
Cicero, De Senectute
civil liberties, (see also Bill of Rights; specific liberties)
Claiborne, William
Clark, Simon
Clay, James
Clifton, Nancy
Clifton, William, Jr.
Clinton, George
Clinton, Sir Henry
as British commander in chief
control of New York
and Cornwallis surrender at Yorktown
on crisis in Virginia
evacuation of Philadelphia
evacuation of Rhode Island
Clouds, Battle of the
Cobbett, William
Adams (Abigail) on
anti-Irish Catholic arguments
anti-Semitic and ethnic slurs
appropriation of Paine’s remains
background and political outlook
British ties
Bustletown summer house
farewell statement
forged threatening letters and
on international subversive influences
letters to Jefferson
move back to England
move to New York
“Peter Porcupine” pen name
and U.S. citizenship
see also Porcupine’s Gazette
cockades. See black cockade; tricolor cockade
Cocke, William
Coit, Joshua
Committee of Foreign Affairs
Committee of Safety. See Pennsylvania Committee of Safety
Committee of Secret Correspondence
common law
“federal common law” argument
libel and
Common Sense (Paine)
Adams mistaken as author of
Adams’ assessment of
French publication
Gates on
text quoted
Washington on
Concord, Battle of
Concorde (ship)
Condorcet, Marquis de
Congregational Church
Congress, U.S.
colonial forerunners
first session in Washington, D.C.
national library project
see also congressional-presidential relations; Continental Congress; House of Representatives; Senate; specific members
congressional—presidential relations
Adams’ speeches on French threat
Federalist majority and
presidential veto power
Republican antiwar moves and
support for war buildup
war powers and
Connor, John
Constellation (ship)
Constitution (ship)
Constitution, British (unwritten)
Adams and
Aurora on, 689 Federalist press on
freedom of speech guarantees
Hamilton on
Paine on
property rights guarantees
U.S. Constitution seen copying
Constitution, French
Franklin model for
Napoleonic
overturning of
publication in Aurora
Constitution, Maryland
Constitution, Massachusetts
Adams’ vindication of
Shays’ Rebellion complaints
Constitution, New York
Constitution, Pennsylvania
Adams on
and Federal Constitution
French modeling of first
and original principles of independence
revision to bicameralism
Turgot favoring
Constitution, U.S.
as Adams creation
Adams policies as threat to
Bache as defender of
Bill of Rights
both Adams and Franklin as critics of
on church-state separation
and “federal common law” argument
Federalist on ratifying
Federalists’ violations of
Franklin on adoption of
Franklin on provisions of
Jefferson on
Kentucky Resolutions and
Paine criticism of
on presidential elector selection
ratification of
reactions to
Republican press on protection of
Sedition Act as violation of
on Senate privilege
signing of
toast to
Virginia legislature meeting on
on war powers
see also Federal
Constitutional
Convention
Continental Congress, First, delegates
Continental Congress, Second
and Articles of Confederation
British peace treaty ratification
British truce faction
commission to France
Committee of Secret Correspondence
criticism of Washington
currency devaluation
delegates
financial crisis
foreign treaties plan
French treaty ratification
French troops’ show of respect
independence resolution
removal from Philadelphia
resolution on state government formation
see also American Revolution
Conway, Countess
Conway, Thomas
Cooper, Alice
Cooper, Samuel
Cooper, Thomas
allegedly seditious statement
background/citizenship
death of wife
as Duane’s attorney
on Federalist unconstitutional actions
prosecution of
on rejecting clemency
release from prison
toast to
trial record/conviction/sentence
Cornwallis, Charles
and Duane’s imprisonment in India
entrapment/surrender at Yorktown
occupation of Philadelphia
southern campaign
council. See plural executive
Coxe, J. D.
Coxe, Tench
Cramer, Catherine
Cramer, Gabriel
Cramer, Philibert
“Cremona fiddles” satire
Crever, Jacob
Crisis (Paine)
Cumings, Samuel
Dallas, Alexander James
and Bache seditious libel case
and Cooper seditious libel case
and Duane seditious libel case
and Duane seditious riot case
and Duane Senate privilege/libel case
and
Fries’ rebellion trial issues
Dana, Francis
Davie, William Richardson
Davis, Matthew
Dawson, John
Day, Thomas
Dayton, Jonathan
army rank
House press restrictions
and misuse of public funds charges
and Senate proceedings against Duane
and war buildup against France
Deane, Jesse
Deane, Silas
debt, public
Decatur, Stephen
Declaration of Independence
Declaration of Rights, Pennsylvania
Declaration of the Rights of Man, France
declaration of war
abrogation of 1778 treaties as
Federalist hopes for
Gazette of the United States urging
House statements on
presidential provisional powers bill
Dedham (Mass.) liberty pole
defendants’ rights
Defence of the Constitutions of Government of the United States (Adams)
deism
Delaney, Sharp
Delaware (ship)
Delaware Loan Commissioner
Delaware River
democracy
Adams on aristocracy vs.
Adams on
bicameralism as check on
Federalist critique of “pure,”
Federalist press on “social order” vs.
Franklin’s concept of
Hamilton’s countermeasures
Paine championship of
see also equality; representation; republican government
Democratic-Republicans
Aurora as national voice of
Bache and
candidate selection meeting
and Fast Day violence
Federalist “surveillance” of
Federalist violence against
flight from Philadelphia
hand bills
Independence Day oratory against
Jefferson’s leadership
newspaper proliferation
newspaper shutdowns
as peace party
Pennsylvania gubernatorial election
Pennsylvania legislative election
Pennsylvaniameetings
Pennsylvania victory celebrations
Philadelphia militias, (see also Republican Blues; Republican Greens)
post-1800 political power
and press freedom
“radical” faction
response to Duane’s beating
Tammany Society
termed “Jacobins” and “sans-culottes,”
tricolor cockade
triumphal song
Washington on
see also Electoral College; presidential election of 1800; specific personalities
Desfourneaux, Edmé Etienne-Borne
Deux-Ponts, Guillaume de
Dexter, Samuel
Diana (ship)
Dickinson College
Didot, M.
Directory, French
alleged financial aid to Aurora by
and Talleyrand letter of grievances
and U.S. envoys bribery scandal
“Discourses on Davila” (Adams articles)
Divine Right
Duane, Catherine (WD’s wife)
Duane, James (congressional delegate)
Duane, John (WD’s son)
Duane, Kate (WD’s daughter)
Duane, Patrick (WD’s son)
Duane, William, 638
allegations about citizenship
anti-Alien and Sedition Acts petition
Aurora association
as Aurora owner/publisher
on Bache (Peggy)
Bache (Peggy) marriage to
on Bache’s press fearlessness
Bache stepfamily
as Bache successor
background and family
on death of first wife
death of
dislike of monarchies
federal troops’ beating of
financial problems
on Franklin
as historian
Jasper Dwight pseudonym
later life
Madison’s praise for
New York dinner honoring
as “rat catcher,”
Republican militia command
seditious libel prosecution
Adams letter and
first-hand account
postponement
reindictment
seditious riot trial
Senate breach of privilege case, citizen petitions for
reconsideration
counsel restraints
in hiding from Senate
indictment for libel
jurisdiction issues
presidential continuance of
as public hero
unconstitutionality of
toasts to
see also Aurora Daily Advertiser
Duane, William John (WD’s son)
and father’s beating
as Jackson’s treasury secretary
due process
Dumas, Charles W. F.
Dunwoody, John
Dupont, Victor Marie
Du Portail, Chevalier
Durrell, William
Duvall, Gabriel
Dwight, Jasper. See Duane, William
Dwight, Theodore
Eagle (ship)
Easton [Md.] Republican Star
elections
advocacy of annual
arguments for indirect
candidate qualifications
fears of corruption and turbulence
French Constitution (1793) guarantees
male voting rights
military troop presence
new census district reapportionment
Pennsylvania guarantees
small districts, advocates of
voter property-ownership qualification
see also Electoral College; Pennsylvania gubernatorial contest; presidential election headings; representation
Electoral College
Constitution on
criticism of process
Federalist-proposed indirect choice of
presidential returns (1800)
Senate bill on disputed elections
defeat of
House weakening of
see also New Jersey; New York; Pennsylvania
Ellsworth, Oliver
England. See Great Britain
Enlightenment
Enterprize (ship)
equality
Adams on impossibility of
Cobbett on implications of
Franklin’s belief in
French Declaration of Rights on
Paine on reasons for
of republican government participants
see also democracy
equal representation. See representation
equal rights
Franklin on
Jefferson on
Paine on
see also Bill of Rights; human rights
“Essay for the Use of New Republicans in Their Opposition to Monarchy” (Paine)
Essex Junto
established church. See religious freedom
Estaing, Charles-Hector, Comte d’
Estates-General (France)
Evans, Cadwallader
Everly, Jacob
executive power
Adams on
Adams vs. Franklin on
Bache on
as council vs. individual
Federal Constitutional Convention debate on
Federalists’ misuse of
Franklin/Paine on council as
Franklin on unsalaried
French subordination of
Jefferson on limiting
lifetime/hereditary, arguments for
threat of war increasing
&
nbsp; under Alien and Sedition Acts
veto power advocates
Experiment (ship)
“Fabius.” See Washington, George
Fabius (historical)
Fahnestock, Conrad
Fairbanks, Benjamin
Fairfax, Ferdinando
“Farewell Address” (Washington)
Fast and Prayer Day (1798)
Fast and Prayer Day (1799)
“federal common law” argument
Federal Constitutional Convention, (see also Constitution, U.S.)
Federalist papers
Federalists
Adams on self-destruction of
as army commanders
basic political outlook
cockade insignia. See black cockade
“committees of surveillance,”
congressional majority
and “Hail Columbia” anthem
militia movement. See Macpherson’s Blues
Philadelphia newspapers
press contempt for democracy
as pro-monarchist, pro-British
as war party, (see also war buildup)
see also Electoral College; presidential election of 1800; specific personalities
Fenno, John
“Ploughshare” pen name
see also Gazette of the United States
Fenno, John Ward (“Jack”)
attack on Bill of Rights and republicanism
as Cobbett’s New York business successor
as Gazette of the United States publisher
and Hamilton adultery defense
on Irish “ruffian” physical threats
Reynolds suit against
and Senate proceedings contract
on widows’ editorial careers
see also Gazette of the United States
Fenno, Mary (“Polly”)
Fether, Isaac
First Amendment rights, (see also specific rights)
foreigners. See Alien and Sedition Act; Immigrants
Fort Lee
Fort Necessity
Fort Ticonderoga
Fort Washington
Fowler, John
Fox, Gilbert
France
and Adams administration policies, (see also privateering; war buildup)
Adams’ diatribe against
Adams as minister to. See under Adams, John
Adams’ three-man delegation to. See XYZ affair
American Revolution aid. See under American Revolution
Assembly of Notables convening
constitution. See Constitution, French
consul to United States
debt
emigrants from Reign of Terror
Estates-General convening
fall of republic
Franklin celebrity and honors in
Franklin as minister to. See under Franklin, Benjamin
Franklin’s secret mission to. See American Revolution
governmental structure (1791)
governmental structure (1798)
grievance statement
Irish Revolt aid
Jefferson as first U.S. ambassador
Logan peace mission to
and Louisiana Purchase
Paine’s Common Sense publication
U.S. treaties. See Franco-American Treaties of Alliance and Amity and Commerce of 1778; Franco-American Treaty of Amity and Commerce of
U.S. war movement against. See war buildup
and Washington’s policies