My Name Is Radha

by Saadat Hasan Manto

  Phataan disengaged herself from her daughter and, wiping her tears, offered salaams to the maulvi. The latter gaped at her with his red fiery eyes and said to Maujo, ‘I’ve just returned after performing a night-long wazifa for you by a grave. God has heard me. Everything will be all right.’

  Chaudhry Maujo dropped down to the floor and quickly started pressing the maulvi’s calves. So overwhelmed was he by feelings of deep gratitude and reverence that he couldn’t say anything to the maulvi; instead, he said to his wife tearfully, ‘Come here, Phataan, you thank Maulvi Sahib for I don’t know how to.’

  She came and sat next to her husband. All she could say was, ‘We poor folk, how can we ever thank you enough.’

  The maulvi looked closely at Phataan. ‘Maujo Chaudhry,’ he said, ‘you were absolutely right. Your wife is truly beautiful. In spite of her age, she looks young. Exactly like Jaina . . . even more beautiful. We will put everything right, Phataan, for God is inclined to be merciful and giving.’

  Both husband and wife sank into silence. Maujo continued pressing the maulvi’s calves, while Jaina busied herself with getting the fire going in the hearth.

  After a while the maulvi rose from the cot, patted Phataan’s head gently and said to Maujo, ‘God commands that if a man wants to remarry the wife he has divorced, he must, in punishment, have her first marry another man and seek divorce from him. Only then is it lawful for her first husband to remarry her.’

  ‘I’ve heard this before, Maulvi Sahib,’ Maujo said softly.

  The maulvi made Maujo get up and placed his hand on his shoulder. ‘I entreated God tearfully not to put your poor soul through such harsh punishment; I said that you erred without meaning to. But God answered, “How long do you expect Us to go on listening to your intercessions? If there is anything you want for yourself, well, We’ll give it to you.” I submitted, “My Lord, Lord of the Sea and the Earth, I don’t ask anything for myself. You’ve already given me everything. But Maujo Chaudhry—he loves his wife dearly . . .” He proclaimed, “Well then, We want to test his love and your faith. You marry her for a day and hand her over to Maujo the next day after divorcing her. This is the best We can do for you, and that too because for the past forty years you have been unfailing in your devotion to Us.”’

  An overjoyed Maujo cried out, ‘I accept, Maulvi Sahib, I accept.’ He looked at his wife with a twinkle in his eyes and asked, ‘So Phataan, what do you say?’

  But without waiting for her answer, he blurted out again, ‘We both accept.’

  The maulvi closed his eyes, mumbled something, breathed over the two, and raised his eyes to the sky. ‘God, the Blessed, the Most High, may we triumph over this ordeal with Your help!’ Then he said to the Chaudhry, ‘Well, Maujo, I’m going out now. When I return, I’d like you and Jaina to leave here and spend the night somewhere else. Come back in the morning.’ And he went out.

  When he returned in the evening, Jaina and Maujo were ready. He exchanged a few short words with them and started mumbling something. A little later, after a sign from him, father and daughter promptly exited the house.

  The maulvi fastened the door latch and said to Phataan, ‘For this one night you’re my wife. Go bring the bedding and spread it out on the cot. We will sleep.’

  Phataan did as commanded. The maulvi said, ‘Bibi, you sit here, I’ll be along shortly.’

  He then went into the other room. In the light of the earthen oil lamp he spotted his wine pitcher in a corner near the stack of pots and pans. He shook the pitcher. There was some wine left. Still standing, he impatiently gulped a few mouthfuls of the intoxicant directly from the pitcher and used the embroidered saffron-coloured silk sash that was slung across his shoulder to wipe his lips and moustache. Then he closed the door.

  He re-emerged after quite some time with the bowl in hand. Phataan was sitting on the cot. He blew into the bowl three times and offered it to her. ‘Come on, drink it up!’

  Phataan gulped down the liquid and instantly felt queasy. The maulvi tapped on her back a few times and said, ‘There, okay!’

  Phataan tried to feel better, and to a degree she did. The maulvi stretched out on the bed.

  In the morning, when Maujo and Jaina returned, they found Phataan sleeping alone in the courtyard with no sign of the maulvi anywhere. Maybe he’s gone out for a bit . . . to the fields, Maujo thought. He tried to wake Phataan. Mumbling some inarticulate sounds, she slowly opened her eyes. Then, in a clear distinct voice, she mumbled, ‘Paradise! Oh, sheer paradise!’ But as soon as she saw Maujo, she sat up in the bed, eyes wide open.

  ‘Where is Maulvi Sahib?’ Maujo asked.

  Phataan, who still hadn’t fully recovered her senses, replied, ‘Maulvi Sahib? What Maulvi Sahib? Oh he, God knows where he’s gone . . . Isn’t he here?’

  ‘No,’ Maujo said. ‘Okay, I’ll go out and look for him.’

  Just as he was leaving he heard Phataan’s muffled scream. He turned around to look at her. She was pulling out something black from under the pillow. ‘What the hell is this?’ she asked, looking at the object in her hand.

  ‘Hair,’ Maujo replied.

  Phataan quickly threw that tangled clump of hair down on the floor. Maujo picked it up and gave it a close look. ‘It’s a beard and sideburns.’

  Jaina, who was standing near them, said, ‘Maulvi Sahib’s beard and sideburns.’

  ‘Yes, his beard and sideburns,’ affirmed her mother from the bed.

  Maujo was nonplussed. ‘But where is the Maulvi Sahib himself?’ Suddenly a thought came into his simple, trusting peasant mind, ‘Jaina, Phataan, you don’t understand. He was a godly person, full of saintly graces. He fulfilled what we most yearned for and left us this memento to remember him by.’

  He reverently kissed that clump of hair, touched it to his eyes, and, handing it to Jaina, told her, ‘Go, wrap it in a clean piece of cloth and put it in the big chest. God willing, it will bring blessings to our household forever.’

  Once Jaina left, he sat down next to his Phataan and told her lovingly, ‘I will learn to say my namaz and always pray for the saintly elder who again brought us together.’

  Phataan just sat there in hushed silence.

  I’m No Good for You!

  A heated discussion about Chaudhry Ghulam Abbas’s latest speech was in full swing in the Tea House. The atmosphere inside was cosy and as warm as the tea. We were in agreement about one thing: We should grab Kashmir no matter what and Dogra rule must end immediately.

  They were all mujahids, God’s valiant soldiers, who didn’t know the first thing about fighting but were ready to jump into the battlefield at any moment. The consensus was that if we launched a surprise attack, Kashmir would be in our hands in a blink.

  Well, I was among those mujahids. My problem, though, is that I’m a Kashmiri right down to the hilt, and no less a Kashmiri than Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, which makes it my greatest weakness. I just chimed along with the other mujahids. It was decided that the minute war broke out we would join and fight at the very front.

  Although Haneef showed great enthusiasm, I sensed that he was feeling rather melancholy, but I couldn’t figure out the reason for his downcast mood.

  Everyone left after the tea, only Haneef and I stayed on. By now the Tea House had become nearly empty with only two boys chatting over their breakfast in a far corner.

  I had met Haneef a while back. He was about ten years younger than me. He had finished his BA and was undecided whether to opt for an MA in English or in Urdu. Sometimes he got it into his head to stop his studies altogether and set out to travel.

  I looked at him closely. He was picking up the used matchsticks from the ashtray and nervously breaking them into small bits. As I’ve already mentioned, he was feeling rather blue. It appeared to be a good opportunity to ask him about it. ‘Why are you feeling so glum?’

  He lifted his head, tossed the broken pieces to one side, and replied, ‘Oh, no particular reason.’

  I lit
up. ‘What do you mean “no particular reason”? That’s no answer. There’s always a reason for everything. Perhaps you’re reminiscing about some old event.’

  He nodded. ‘Yes.’

  ‘And that event has something to do with Kashmir?’

  He started. ‘How did you know that?’

  I smiled. ‘I’m a Sherlock Holmes too. My good man, weren’t we just now talking about Kashmir? When you agreed that you were thinking, and thinking about some past event, I immediately guessed that this event must have to do with Kashmir. It’s got to be. So, did you fall in love there?’

  ‘Love . . . I don’t know . . . God knows what it was. Anyway, something did happen and the memory of it still haunts me.’

  I was eager to hear his story. ‘If you don’t mind, tell me about that “something”.’

  He asked me for a cigarette and lit it. ‘Manto Sahib,’ he said, ‘it isn’t an especially interesting incident. But if you promise to listen quietly without interrupting, I’ll tell you everything, down to the last detail, about what transpired three years ago. I’m not a storyteller, all the same I’ll try.’

  I promised not to interrupt. Actually he wanted to narrate his story by going into the depths of his heart and mind.

  After a pause he began, ‘Manto Sahib, it happened two years ago, when Partition wasn’t even in our imagination. It was summer time. I was feeling down, God knows why. I guess all unattached, single men feel gloomy in the summer. Anyway, one day I decided to go to Kashmir. I packed a few essentials and went to the lorry stand. I bought a ticket and boarded. When the lorry arrived at Kad, I changed my mind. What is there in Srinagar, I thought. I’ve already seen it many times; I’ll get out at the next stop, Batut. It’s a salubrious place. Tuberculosis patients especially go there and leave cured. So I got off at Batut and stayed in a hotel, a rather bare-bones one, but all right. I was quite taken with Batut. I went climbing on the slopes every morning, ate a breakfast of toast and pure butter on my return from the hike, and then read some book or other lying down.

  ‘I was spending my days pleasurably in the salubrious environment of the place. I’d become friends with all the shopkeepers in the area around the hotel, especially Sardar Lahna Singh who was a tailor. I would spend hours at his shop. He was a fanatic about listening to and telling love stories. His sewing machine would keep whirring and he’d be absorbed in those stories.

  ‘He knew every last thing about Batut. Who was having an affair with whom, who’d had a tiff, which girls had just started to put on airs—you name it. His pocket was always full of such gossip.

  ‘In the evenings, the two of us went for a stroll on the downward slopes, all the way to the Banihal Pass, and then walked back up slowly. There was a cluster of mud dwellings to the right of the first bend in the road if you were coming from the hotel and headed towards the slopes. One day I asked Sardarji whether those quarters were meant to be lived in. I asked because they had caught my fancy. Yes, they were for living in, he told me. “A railway babu from Sargodha is staying there these days. His wife is ill.”

  ‘She must have tuberculosis, I concluded at once. God knows why I’m so scared of this disease. From that day on I never passed by those quarters without covering my nose and mouth with a kerchief. I don’t want to prolong the story. In short, eventually, I became friends with Kundan Lal, the railway babu. I soon realized that he wasn’t at all concerned about his wife’s condition. He was simply going through the motions of being a caring husband. He visited her occasionally and lived in a separate dwelling, which he disinfected with phenyl three times a day. It was his wife’s younger sister Sumitri, hardly fourteen years old, who took care of her with unflinching devotion.

  ‘I first saw Sumitri by the Maggu stream. A big pile of dirty laundry lay by her side and she was perhaps washing a shalwar when I passed by. The sound of my footsteps startled her. She quickly joined her hands and said namaste to me. I returned her greeting and asked, “You know me?” “Yes,” she said in her shrill voice, “you’re Babuji’s friend.” What stood before me, I felt, was not Sumitri, but suffering itself, moulded into her form. I felt like talking to her, to help her with her washing, to lessen her burdens just a little, but such informality seemed out of place at our very first meeting.

  ‘The second time I met her, again by the very same stream, she was rubbing soap into some clothes when I said namaste and sat down on top of a bed of fallen apples. She felt somewhat nervous, but her trepidation disappeared once we started talking. She became so friendly that she started telling me all about the affairs of her household:

  ‘It’d been five years since her elder sister got married to Babuji, she told me. During the first year of their marriage, Babuji treated her sister well, but when he was suspended from his job for allegedly taking bribes, he wanted to sell her jewellery and gamble with it, hoping it would double the amount. Her sister wouldn’t agree, so he started beating and abusing her. He would shut her up in a small dark room all day long without food for months. Finally, when she couldn’t take it any more, she handed him the jewellery. He disappeared with it and didn’t show his face for six months, during which time she was reduced to starvation. Had she wanted to, she could have gone back to her parents. Her father was quite wealthy; he even loved her a lot. But she didn’t think it was proper to go back. She ended up contracting tuberculosis. When Kundan Lal finally reappeared six months later, he found his wife bedridden. He had been reinstated. When asked where he’d been all this time, he hedged and fudged.

  ‘Sumitri’s sister didn’t ask him about her jewellery. She was happy that God had heard her entreaties and sent her husband back to her. Her health improved a little, but a month later her condition deteriorated sharply. It was only then that her parents somehow learned about her illness. They immediately came over and forced Kundan Lal to bring her to the mountain right away and said they would bear the expenses. Kundan Lal thought, why not, let’s have some recreation. He brought Sumitri along for his amusement and landed in Batut.

  ‘Once here, he took absolutely no notice of his wife. He stayed out the whole day playing cards. Sumitri prepared the special diet for her sister. Every month Kundan Lal wrote to his in-laws that the expenses were mounting, and every month they added extra to the amount they sent.

  ‘I don’t wish to let this story drag on. I was now seeing Sumitri practically every day. The area by the stream where she washed clothes was pleasantly cool, just like the water of the stream. The shade under the apple trees was heavenly, and I wished I could sit there all day long, picking up the lovely round apples and tossing them into the clear water of the stream. The reason for this rather crude lyricism that has crept into my account is that I’d fallen in love with Sumitri and somehow sensed that she had accepted it. So one day, overwhelmed by a sudden surge of emotion, I clasped her to my bosom and kissed her on the lips with my eyes closed. Birds were twittering on the branches of the apple trees and the stream was humming gently.

  ‘She was pretty, though a bit skinny. But if you thought deeply, you’d have felt that this is how she had to be. If she had been a bit fleshy, she wouldn’t have looked so delicate. She had the eyes of a gazelle, which nature had lined with a dark eye shadow. She was short but infinitely pleasing, and her long, thick, dark hair reached down to her waist. A virgin, blossoming youth. Manto Sahib, I was lost in her love.

  ‘As she was expressing her love for me, I told her what had been sticking like a thorn in my heart for some time. “Look, Sumitri,” I said, “I’m Muslim and you’re Hindu. What would be the end of this love? I’m not a libertine or rake that I could take advantage of you and be on my way. I want to make you my mate for life.” She threw her arms around my neck and told me firmly, “Haneef, I’ll convert.”

  ‘The weight on my heart lifted and I felt light. We decided that as soon as her sister got well she would leave with me. But it was not in her sister’s fate to get well. Kundan Lal had told me plainly that he was waiting f
or his wife to die. In a manner of speaking, what he said had a ring of truth to it, though thinking such a thought and then blaming yourself for thinking it didn’t seem right. Reality was staring us in the face. The disease being what it is, there was no way to escape from it.

  ‘Sumitri’s sister’s condition worsened by the day. However, Kundan Lal couldn’t care less. With more money coming from his in-laws and expenses reduced, or being purposely reduced, he had started going to the Dak Bangla to booze it up, and had even started coming on to Sumitri.

  ‘My blood boiled, Manto Sahib, when I heard about that. Had I not lacked the courage, I’d have thrashed him black and blue with my shoes right there in the middle of the street. I hugged Sumitri to my chest, wiped away her tears and started to talk of love.

  ‘As I passed by their quarters one morning on my walk, I had the uncanny feeling that Sumitri’s sister was no longer in this world. I halted and called out to Kundan Lal. I was right. The poor woman had passed away at eleven o’clock the night before.

  ‘He asked me to stay there a while so he could go and make arrangements for her last rites. He went out. As I stood there I was reminded of Sumitri. Where was she? The room with her sister’s corpse was deathly quiet. I walked over to the adjoining quarters and peeked in. Sumitri was curled up on the bed like a bundle. I went in and shook her shoulder. “Sumitri! Sumitri!” I called her name. She didn’t respond. Just then I spotted her shalwar stained with big splotches of blood. I shook her again. Again she didn’t answer. I asked her tenderly, lovingly, “What’s the matter, Sumitri?” She burst into tears. I sat down beside her. “What’s the matter, Sumitri?” She said through her sobs, “Go, Haneef, go!” “But why?” I asked. “I know your sister has died. But please don’t kill yourself crying.” She choked on her words as she said, “She’s dead, but I can’t grieve over her. I’ve died myself.” I didn’t understand. “Why must you die? You have yet to become my lifemate, remember?” At this she started to cry bitterly. “Go, Haneef, go! I’m no good for you any more. Last night . . . last night Babuji finished me off. I screamed. Jiji screamed from her quarters. She had guessed everything. The shock killed her. Oh, how I wish I hadn’t screamed. She couldn’t have saved me. Go, Haneef, go!” She got up from the bed, grabbed my hand like someone possessed and dragged me out of the room. She quickly went back in and bolted the door. That son-of-a-bitch Kundan Lal returned after some time with four or five men in tow. I would have stoned him to death then and there had he been alone, I swear.