Alice Munro
Page 67
References
Epigraphs and Prologue
1. “A Real Life,” Open: 80. “Introduction,” Moons: xiii. “Golden Apples”: 24. “Everything Here Is Touchable and Mysterious,” Weekend Magazine [Toronto Star], May 11, 1974: 33. “Nettles,” Hateship: 167.
2. “Foreword.” Anthology Anthology: ix. “wooing,” “real work”: “Miles City, Montana,” Progress: 88. “Alice was known”: Interview George Cuomo, February 3, 2004.
3. “Material,” Something: 43.
4. “The Ottawa Valley,” Something: 244, 246. Boyle interview.
5. “Home”: 152.
6. “Home”: 143, 152. “Material,” Something: 31. “Cortes Island,” Love: 144.
7. “Home”: 134, 136.
8. AM, August 22, 2001. Audrey Coffin to AM, October 7, 1974: 37.2.25.5. DG to AM, August 26, 1974: 37.2.20.2.
9. Barber’s initial approach to Munro: Phoebe Larmore to Toivo Kiil, December 22, 1975. VB to Toivo Kiil, January 23, 1975: Private collection. VB to AM, March 11, 1976: 37.2.47.2.
Chapter 1
1. “Changing Places”: 192.
2. James Hogg and James Laidlaw, “Letter from the Ettrick Shepherd”: 630, 632.
3. “Changing Places”: 204, 205.
4. “Powers,” Runaway: 330. “Introduction,” Selected Stories: xvi.
5. “Lying Under the Apple Tree,” New Yorker, June 17 and 24, 2002: 88. Deborah Treisman to AM, May 30, 2002: New Yorker Files.
6. CM to VB, March 28, 1979, April 9, 1980: New Yorker (NYPL): 916:17, 927:17.
7. “Material,” Something: 42.
8. Jean S. McGill, A Pioneer History of the County of Lanark, 61–78, 238, passim.
9. See Akenson, passim. Akenson notes that “a massive restudy” of the 1871 Census of Canada by A. Gordon Darroch and Michael D. Ornstein “revealed that in the province of Ontario 48.1 percent of Catholics of Irish descent and 59.4 percent of Protestants of Irish descent were farmers” (337–38).
10. Thomas Dougherty, Registered Will Dated June 6, 1853. Registered County of Lanark, November 24, 1855: Private collection.
11. 1871 Census of Canada, Ontario, District 82, Sub-District East Pembroke Village. John, twenty-eight, is listed as a “Wagon-Maker,” his origin is listed as “English” (he was born in Drummond Township, Lanark County, Ontario); Catherine, twenty-nine, is “Irish” and their daughters, Bertha Ann and Blanche M., are four and two, respectively. The family’s religion is Church of England.
12. Pembroke Observer and Upper Canada Advertiser, March 12, 1875; there follow five more insertions of this ad. “Full Blast”: May 21, 1875, and almost weekly through November; “Removal J.M. Stanley & Co.” December 10, 17, 24, and 31, 1875. AM’s comments, April 3, June 20, 2003.
13. Catherine’s age was listed as forty-two in obituaries and on the death notice; the difference made her the same age as her husband. The funeral was on Sunday, October 14.
14. John McLenaghan Stanley to Mary Stanley Legerwood, July 15, 1888; to Blanche Stanley, no date; to George Legerwood, May 26, 1891. T. O’Meara to Blanche Stanley, August 14, 1891. Charles H. Burggraf, Albany, Oregon, to Blanche Stanley, June 14, 1904. William R. Mealey, Albany, Oregon, to Blanche Stanley, February 5, 1906: Private collection.
15. “Wedding Bells,” Carleton Place Central Canadian [n.d.], Perth Courier, January 9, 1891. Bertha Stanley’s attendance at the Renfrew Model School and her teaching at the Scotch Corners schools are specified in her obituary, Carleton Place Canadian and Perth Courier, March 15, 1935. AM mentioned Bertha’s teaching at Scotch Corners, June 20, 2003.
16. The scrapbook is in the possession of Mrs. Eleanor Chamney Henderson, Carleton Place, Ontario. AM, June 20, 2003. McGill, A Pioneer History of the County of Lanark, 26.
17. “The Ottawa Valley,” Something: 246.
18. Robert B. Laidlaw, “Diary of Robert B. Laidlaw,” in Blyth: A Village Portrait: 17–20. Also James Scott, The Settlement of Huron County: passim.
19. See Illustrated Atlas of Huron County, Morris Township.
20. The Illustrated Atlas of Huron County (1879) shows William Black across the road from Thomas Laidlaw. After Black’s death, Munro’s grandfather inherited fifty acres of land from him; when he sold his farm and moved into Blyth they retained it, since they had no proper title to it. “Chaddeleys and Flemings: 2. The Stone in the Field,” Moons: 30–31. “Changing Places”: 205–6.
21. Transcript obituary. No reference given: Private collection.
22. Transcript of interview with AM, Sheila Munro, March 1997. AM, June 20, 2003.
23. “Working for a Living”: 14, 15. “The Peace of Utrecht,” Dance: 208–9.
24. “Working for a Living”: 17.
25. Robert M. Stamp, The Schools of Ontario, 123. 1916 enrolment figure from Molly Jordan and Florence Theobald, “Our School Year,” in Yearbook of the Ottawa Normal School, 1915–16: 4. Library and Archives Canada, Ottawa.
26. Ottawa Normal School Register, 1898–1919; Provincial Normal Schools Training Register, 1915–16, 1916–17; Ottawa Normal School First-, Second-Class and Extra-Mural Final Examinations, 1910–11 to 1929–30. RG2-368, vols. 456, 484, 462. Archives of Ontario, Toronto. AM to Eleanor Chamney Henderson, November 23, 1995: Private collection. Public and Separate Schools and Teachers in the Province of Ontario, November 1917: 57. Schools and Teachers, November 1918: 57.
27. Daily Record, S.S. #12, Lanark Township (1921), Archive of Ontario. Alberta Teachers Indexes, Accession 75.602. Annie Chamney appears, along with teachers named Knight, Hines, and Matheson, in The Pleasant Country: Killam and District, 1903–1993: 207. A 1909 photograph of the school appears on 201. AM, June 19, 2003.
28. AM to Eleanor Chamney Henderson, November 23, 1995: Private collection. Interview W. Clyde Bell, March 4, 2003.
29. AM, June 20, 2003.
30. “Working for a Living”: 10. 396/87.3: 5.11: 3.
31. “Working for a Living”: 13. 396/87.3: 3.4.
32. “Working for a Living”: 15. 396/87.3: 5.11: 8a-b.
33. AM, June 20, 2003. 396/87.3: 5.11: 9. AM, April 22, 2004.
34. “Laidlaw – Chamney,” Perth Courier, August 12, 1927.
35. “Working for a Living”: 23, 18.
36. “Distressing Impression.” 396/87.3: 5.11: 18. The Globe and Mail profile was the unsigned “ ‘Writing’s Something I Did, Like the Ironing.’ ”
37. “Material,” Something: 43.
38. M. Alice Aitken and John Underwood, The Book of Turnberry: 41. Scott, The Settlement of Huron County: 275, passim, 271–77. See also Jodi Jerome, The Evolution of Wescast: 102 and passim, and 1984 Huron County Historical Atlas: 90–93.
39. Wingham Advance-Times: August 4, 1927.
40. Twigg interview: 18. Munro’s comments here were quoted by Wayne Grady, “Story Tellers to the World”: 10, a piece that caused the Wingham Advance-Times to publish an anti-Alice Munro editorial in its December 16, 1981, issue. Munro’s characterization of Lower Town confirmed by Julie Cruikshank, who grew up in Lower Town across the road from the Laidlaws, and for whom Munro babysat. Interview April 20, 2004. “Highway Flooded South of Town.” Wingham Advance-Times, April 11, 1940: 1.
41. Welty, “Some Notes on River Country”: 286. AM, “Everything Here Is Touchable and Mysterious”: 33. Robert E. Laidlaw to AM, February 10, 1974. 38.1.65a. AM consulted her father for details for this essay; she shared the money she was paid with him: August 22, 2001.
Chapter 2
1. “An Open Letter”: 6, 5. Real Life was not used as a title because another book, a novel by Deborah Pease, was announced for 1971 publication by Norton.
2. Wingham Advance-Times, July 16, 1931: 4. Catherine Sheldrick Ross, Alice Munro: A Double Life: 34. AM, April 3, 2003.
3. AM, April 23, 2004. Wachtel interview: 48.
4. “Home”: 152–53. Italics in original.
5. “Walker Brothers Cowboy,” Dance: 5. AM, April 23, 2004.
6. AM, June 19, 2003.
8. “Home”: 134–35, 136.
9. Interview Mary Ross Allen, January 28, 2004. Stapleton, “Alice Munro – Friend of Our Youth”: 10.
10. AM, June 19, 2003. “Privilege,” Who: 23–25. Hancock interview: 93. Twigg interview: 18. 2004 Wachtel interview.
11. Ross, Alice Munro: 34. AM, June 19, 2003.
12. Ross, Alice Munro: 33. 37.18.6.3.
13. “Working for a Living”: 17. “Mrs. George Chamney,” Carleton Place Canadian, March 15, 1935. Wingham Advance-Times: as indicated: all items: 1.
14. “Institute Held Annual Meeting,” Wingham Advance-Times, April 27, 1939: 1. AM, June 20, 2003.
15. Interview Mary Ross Allen, January 28, 2004. Interview Audrey Boe Tiffin Marples, January 29, 2004. Interview Donna and James Hall, June 11, 2004. “School Children Missed Seeing King and Queen,” Wingham Advance-Times, June 8, 1939: 1. AM, June 20, 2003. AM, August 5, 2004. “Changes and Ceremonies”: 37.4.9.3.f3.
16. AM, August 22, 2001.
17. “Going to the Lake,” Ontario: A Bicentennial Tribute: 51–52. Draft versions: 396/87.3: 8.4.
18. 396/87.3: 7.5. Wilderness to Wawanosh 1867–1992: 413. AM, June 19 and 20, 2003. Movie star: 2004 Wachtel interview.
19. “Blyth,” Wingham Advance-Times, July 26, 1939, May 23, 1940. “Chaddeleys and Flemings: 1. Connection,” Moons: 6.
20. “L.M. Montgomery Well Received,” Wingham Advance-Times, November 16, 1939: 1.
21. AM, June 20, 2003. “Afterword,” Emily of New Moon: 357, 359, 361.
22. AM, April 24, 2004, June 20, 2003.
23. AM, June 20, 2003.
24. “Remember Roger Mortimer: Dickens’ ‘Child’s History of England’ Remembered”: 34, 37.
25. Tausky interview. “Boys and Girls,” Dance: 113–14.
26. Tausky interview. Interview Audrey Boe Tiffin Marples, January 29, 2004. “Introduction,” Selected Stories: xvi–xvii. 396/87.3: 6.5.
27. AM, “Stories”: 1.
28. “Cows Electrocuted Entering Barn,” Wingham Advance-Times, June 3, 1943: 1.
29. “The Ottawa Valley,” Something: 237, 244.
30. “The Ottawa Valley,” Something: 236. Italics in original. Munro called “The Peace of Utrecht” her first “painful autobiographical story” in her interview with John Metcalf: 58. Ross, Alice Munro: 38. AM, June 20, 2003.
31. AM, June 20, 2003. Redekop interview.
32. Wingham Advance-Times, April 6, 1944: 1, 5. Lives: 129.
33. “Entrance to High School Results,” Wingham Advance-Times, July 23, 1944: 1. “High School Held Easter Literary,” Wingham Advance-Times, March 15, 1945: 1
34. “Red Dress – 1946,” Dance: 150–51, 147, 160. Interview Audrey Boe Tiffin Marples, January 29, 2004.
35. AM, June 20, 2003. Interview Mary Ross Allen, January 28, 2004. “Changes”: 37.4.8.3. 38.10.41.f25 (verso). Interview Audrey Boe Tiffin Marples, January 29, 2004. Interview Eleanor Chamney Henderson, May 21, 2003. AM, June 20, 2003. “Sunday Afternoon,” Dance: 170, 171. AM, April 23, 2004. “Hired Girl”: 82, 88, 84. Interview Julie Cruikshank, April 20, 2004.
36. AM, August 22, 2001. Interview Mary Ross Allen, January 28, 2004. Interview Audrey Boe Tiffin Marples, January 29, 2004. Mary Ross, “Prophet’s Address,” Wingham Advance-Times, May 4, 1949: 4.
37. AM, June 20, 2003, August 22, 2001, August 5, 2004. “Wingham H. S. Upper S. Results,” Wingham Advance-Times, August 17, 1949: 1.
38. AM, June 20, 2003. “Won Scholarship at Western Univ.,” Wingham Advance-Times, August 31, 1949: 1. “The Commencement Exercises of the Wingham High School,” Wingham Advance-Times, December 14, 1949: 7. “Splendid Program at Commencement,” Wingham Advance-Times, December 28, 1949: 1, 8. AM, August 5, 2004.
39. 38.10.36.2.f2, 1. “An Open Letter”: 7.
Chapter 3
1. 37.6.26.3.f3. Gardiner interview: 174. Ellipsis in original. Interview Diane Lane Bessai, May 27, 2004. Interview Audrey Boe Tiffin Marples, January 29, 2004. Tausky interview. AM, August 22, 2001. Alice Laidlaw, “The Dimensions of a Shadow,” Gerald Fremlin, “An Ear to a Knot Hole” [story], “Pspring Psong for Psychologists,” “Death’s Twilight Kingdom” [poems], “The Contributors,” Folio, April 1950: n.p. Interview James Munro, July 9, 2002.
2. RW to Alice Laidlaw, May 18, 1951. AM to RW, May 25, 1952. National Archives Manuscript Group (MG) 31 D162. “Canadian Short Stories,” CBC Times 4, no. 47 (June 8–14, 1952).
3. James and Ruth Davis Talman, “Western” –1873–1953: 163. McKillop, Matters of Mind: 553–56.
4. Interview Diane Lane Bessai, May 27, 2004. Ross, Alice Munro: 47. “The Contributors,” Folio, April 1951: n.p. 37.14.17. AM, April 23, 2004.
5. AM, August 22, 2001. AM, June 20, 2003. AM, August 5, 2004. Interview Joan Lawrence, January 21, 2005.
6. Interview James Munro, July 9, 2002.
7. Doug Spettigue, “Alice Laidlaw Munro: A Portrait of the Artist”: 5. Interview Diane Lane Bessai, May 27, 2004. Sheila Munro, Lives of Mothers and Daughters: 6–8. Interview Gerald Fremlin, August 4, 2004. AM, August 5, 2004.
8. AM, August 22, 2001. Sheila Munro, Lives of Mothers and Daughters: 6–7. Interview Diane Lane Bessai, May 27, 2004. Alice Laidlaw, “The Dimensions of a Shadow”: n.p. [4, 7, 9, 10]. AM, June 20, 2003, April 23, 2004.
9. Alice Laidlaw, “Story for Sunday”: n.p. [7, 4, 5, 8].
10. “The Love of a Good Woman,” Love: 3. 37.13.10. “Wild Swans,” Who: 57.
11. “Is She as Kind as She Is Fair?”: 37.15.26. 37.15.27.
12. Metcalf interview: 55. The waitresses are reading romance magazines in 37.15.30.8.f2. This story exists in several fragments totalling sixty-six pages, all beginnings – thus there is not a completed version of the story. Munro later drew on her Muskoka experience, she has said, when writing “The Turkey Season” (Moons) during the early 1980s.
13. “Munro-Laidlaw.” Wingham Advance-Times, January 2, 1952. Interview Diane Lane Bessai, May 27, 2004.
14. Ross, Alice Munro: 52. “Old Mr. Black”: 37.17.6.f17–19.
15. Mark Everard, “Robert Weaver’s Contributions to Canadian Literature”: 10, 13, 100. Interview Robert Fulford, October 16, 2003.
16. RW to Alice Laidlaw, May 18, 1951. Alice Laidlaw to RW, May 25, 1951: National Archives MG 31 D162.
17. AM to Marian Engel, August 29, 1984. Marian Engel Fonds: 31.67. Mark Abley, “Bob’s Our Uncle”: 9. “The Strangers”: 37.16.9.
18. RW to Alice Laidlaw, June 1, 1951, July 20, 1951. Alice Laidlaw to RW, June 8, 1951: National Archives MG 31 D162. “The Liberation”: 37.15.39.
19. Everard: 32–33. JM [Joyce Marshall], Reading of Alice Laidlaw’s “The Shivaree” and “The Man from Melbury,” RW to AM, October 3, 1952. National Archives MG 31 D162.
20. AM, August 5, 2004. AM, “Foreword.” Anthology Anthology: ix. Interview Robert Weaver, June 17, 2004.
21. 38.12.15.1.f1. Sheila Munro, Lives of Mothers and Daughters: 15–16. “Cortes Island,” Love: 117, 144, 140, 124. “Home”: 136. Joyce Wayne, “Huron County Blues”: 11. AM, August 22, 2001.
22. Interview James Munro, July 9, 2002. AM, August 22, 2001.
23. 38.12.15.1.f2. 38.11.6.f2–3. Interview James Munro, April 22, 2004. AM, April 23, 2004.
24. “The Beggar Maid,” Who: 87. “Chaddeleys and Flemings 1. Connection,” Moons: 17. “Miles City, Montana,” Progress: 92.
25. AM, August 22, 2002. Interview Robert Weaver, June 23, 2004. AM, April 23, 2004.
26. “Cortes Island”: 124–25, 142. Interview James Munro, July 9, 2002. “About Ourselves,” Mayfair, November 1953.
27. Struthers interview: 21, 20.
28. Sheila Munro, Lives: 21. AM, August 22, 2003, April 23, 2004. “Material,” Something: 31, 36–41. “The Moons of Jupiter,” Moons: 222–23.
29. Ross, Alice Munro: 53. Poem: 37.20.13.17.f1–2. “S. B
.” [“Shoebox Babies”]: 38.11.4. “Miles City”: 396/87.3: 7.3.
30. Sheila Munro, Lives: 22. AM, June 20, 2003. Interview James Munro, July 9, 2002.
31. Interview James Munro, July 9, 2002. “Material,” Something: 35.
32. “The Moons of Jupiter,” Moons: 222. Interview Daphne Cue, April 19, 2004. AM, April 23, 2004. Sheila Munro, Lives: 78.
33. “Miles City, Montana,” Progress: 88. “S. B.” [“Shoebox Babies”]: 38.11.4. AM, August 22, 2001. “Jakarta,” Love: 99.
34. “The Return of the Poet”: 37.16.5. “The Yellow Afternoon”: 37.16.34. Munro identified these stories as dating from summer 1951. Struthers interview: 21, 22.
35. AM, April 23, 2003. “At the Other Place”: 131.
36. “The Edge of Town”: 368, 371. Gardiner interview: 174. Ellipsis in original. “Pastime of a Saturday Night”: 37.1552.f1. Also 37.15.53. Unsigned stories: AM, August 5, 2004.
37. RW to AM, January 24, 1956, RW to Robert Patchell, May 31, 1955: National Archives MG 31 D162. Interview Robert Weaver, June 17, 2004.
38. Weaver to Patchell, May 31, 1955. RW to AM, January 24, 1956. National Archives MG 31 D162. “Chatelaine Centre,” Chatelaine, March 1956: 1.
39. RW to AM, May 16, 1957: National Archives MG 31 D162.
40. JM [Joyce Marshall], CBC Critique, “Thanks for the Ride” and “The Chesterfield Suite.” RW to Robert Patchell, May 31, 1955: National Archives MG 31 D162.
41. RW to AM, January 24, 1956: National Archives MG 31 D162. “Thanks for the Ride”: 37.6.60 (earliest version, signed by Weaver); 37.6.61.1–2 (revision, also signed by Weaver); 37.6.62. AM, April 23, 2004. AM, August 22, 2001. “Chaddeleys and Flemings: 1. Connection,” Moons: 6.
42. AM to Mary McAlpine, October 14, 1980: Mary McAlpine Fonds, University of British Columbia.