Rabirius, Gaius 80
Ramses II 84, 144
Ramses III 14
Raphia 53, 55, 56
Rattawy 142, 146, 162
Ravenna 94
Red Sea 96, 116
Cleopatra’s canal linking to the Nile 15, 18, 45, 201, 298
trade route 49, 83, 141, 192, 280, 304, 306
Repyt (lionness goddess) 136, 137
Rhakotis 41, 127
Rhodes 14, 40, 76, 78, 107, 227, 244, 299
Rhodon 279, 306, 312
Rome, Cleopatra in 179-206
Romulus 200, 208, 330
Rosetta 56
Roxane 38, 40
Rubicon, River 94
Rufilla 278
Rufio 153
sacred bull 3, 16, 30, 89, 90, 93, 133, 141, 146, 169, 332
see also Apis bull; Buchis bull; Mnevis bull
Sais 16, 17, 19, 56, 162
Sakkara
Apis rites 90, 131, 253, 257
funerary inscriptions 220, 331
pyramids of 29-30, 129
Serapeum 30, 39, 93, 131, 161
Samos, island of 245, 283, 297
Samothrace 21, 42, 45
Sandys, George 7
Sara (Serapion?) 195
Sardinia 225, 230, 255, 256
Scemiophris 82
Sceptres, War of the 64
Scipio, Metellus 169-70
Scnboma 255, 256, 261, 306
Scythia 20
Sebennytos 19
Secret Forms of the God, The 148
Sekhmet (lioness goddess) 220, 247, 265
Seleucus (garrison commander) 307
Seleucus (minister) 179, 280, 314
Seleucus I 38, 42, 56
Seleucus Kybiosaktes 79
Selket (scorpion goddess) 320, 321
Sema, the 54
Serapeum
Alexandria 47, 51, 254, 274, 279, 280, 306
Canopus 243
Sakkara 30, 39, 93, 131, 161
Serapion (governor of Cyprus) 214, 227, 228, 241
Serapis 29, 37, 41, 116, 134, 138, 243, 258, 288
see also Osiris
Servilia 97, 111, 182, 207
Sesostris, name of 5
Seth 148, 157, 158, 219, 257
Seti I (Menmaatra) 137-8, 329
Seti II 84
sexual imagery, blatancy of in Egyptian culture 251-3
Shakespeare, William 7
Shesmetet (lion goddess) 147
Shu 257
Sicily 165, 224, 225, 230, 255, 271
Siculus, Diodorus 215
Siwa 33, 296
skin treatments, Roman 187
slaves, trade in 110
snakebite suicide, legend of 2, 3, 315-17, 320-1
Snofru, King 91
Sobek (the crocodile god) 49, 59, 132-4
Sobeknefer 83
Sobekneferu 82, 134
Socrates 21
Solarium Augusti 329
Solon 16
Soma, the 54, 65, 73, 120-1, 145, 163-4, 164, 301-2, 311
Sophocles 81
Soranus of Ephesus 156-7, 158, 160, 196
Sosigenes 81, 115, 202
Sosius, Gaius 281, 283, 290, 311
Sphinx, the 129
Spurinna 208, 209
state vessels
ship used in Cleopatra’s journey to Rome 179-80
ship used in Cleopatra’s Progress down the Nile 125-7
stellar beliefs, Egyptian 222
see also astrology
Step Pyramid, Sakkara 16
Sulla, Cornelius 66-7, 74, 107, 180, 185
Sulpicius, Servius 111
Swenet (Syene) 150
Sybilme Oracle/books 204, 209, 241, 258, 285, 330
Synapothanoumenoi, the (the Suicide Club) 300, 308
Syria
in time of Caesar 164, 204, 206
in time of early Ptolemies 12, 14, 45, 52, 53, 57-8, 59, 62, 63, 64, 75, 77, 79,
in years following death of Caesar 223, 224, 225, 227, 228, 230, 242, 254, 260, 262, 264, 267, 271, 276, 297, 305, 314, 326, 339-40
Taimhotep, of Letopolis 82, 131, 179, 220, 254, 256, 324
Tao II 138
Taphosiris 242
Taposiris 243
Tarentum 164, 245, 261
Tarsus 3, 235, 238, 241, 253, 339
Taues and Taous 257
Taweret 158, 325
Tawosret 84
tax breaks, offered by Cleopatra 280-1
Tazza Farnese bowl 221
Tefnut 257
Terentilla 278
Terenuthis 127-8
Tertulla 111
Tertullia 278
Tertullina, Volusia 336
Tetisheri, Queen 138
Thapsus 169, 170, 172
Theatre of Dionysos 118
Thebes
in time of Cleopatra 88, 90, 96, 137, 141, 142-5, 142, 145, 218, 220, 306, 312, 334
in time of early Ptolemies 13, 14, 15, 34, 55, 56, 57, 58, 62, 65, 66
Theodoras 279, 311
Theodotus of Chios 80, 92, 97, 98-9
Theon 137, 179
Thera 49
Thon 249
Thonis 325
Thoth 47, 82, 129, 135-6, 166, 219, 244
Thrace 20, 38, 42, 259, 262
Thyrsos 300
Tiber 2, 182, 184, 194, 195, 200
Tiberius (son of Livia) 331, 332, 337
Timon of Athens 299
Timoneum, the 299
Titisiena, Salvia 278
Titius, Marcus 273, 282, 300
toilet facilities, Roman 190
tomb, Cleopatra’s 164
Toryne 288
Tower of Babel 37
treasury, Dendera 167-8
Trebonius 227
Triumph of Horus, The (sacred drama) 148
Triumphs 74, 182, 260, 274, 340
of Caesar 125, 170-3, 197, 204, 212
of Octavian 273, 300, 313, 314, 321, 327-8, 333
Tryphaena see Cleopatra Tryphaena; Cleopatra Tryphaena V
Tumulus Iuliae 213
Tutankhamen 83, 138
Tuthmosis I 334
Tuthmosis III 334
twins, born to Cleopatra 256-8
Tyre 27, 184, 254, 255
unguents 166, 167-8
Usermaatre 144
Valley of the Kings 6, 14, 30, 83-4, 144
Vatican Head, the 198, 199
veiling and unveiling of Cleopatra before Caesar 101-4
Venus
Roman goddess of 3, 96, 97, 148, 155, 183, 190, 192, 197-8, 259, 288, 328
temple of 201, 216, 222, 274, 305, 338, 340
see also Aphrodite; Hathor
Venus Genetrix 197, 212, 222
Venus Victrix 199
Vercingetorix the Gaul 172
Vestal Virgins 213, 263, 273, 277, 286
Virgil 261, 307, 315
voice, Cleopatra’s 105-6
Volkmann, Hans 2
Volumnia 165
water supply, Rome 186
Wennefer (chief priest) 91
Weret-Hekau 316
will and testament, last
Antonius’ 286
Caesar’s 203-4, 211
wine making and consumption 245-9
women, in ancient cultures 17, 23, 116-17, 194, 246
Xenophon, Gaius Stertimius 332
Zayd’il bin Zayd 45
Zela 164
Zenobia of Palmyra 339-40
Zeugma 268
Zeus 19, 20, 22, 31, 33, 41, 44, 90, 155, 209
see also Hera; Jupiter
Zodiac, the 81, 92, 166, 168, 258, 329
Zopyros 82, 117
About the Author
DR. JOANN FLETCHER is an honorary research fellow at the University of York, where she teaches Egyptian funerary archaeology and mummification. As part of the university’s Mummy Research Group, she has examined human remains from around the world, including Egypt’s Valley of the Kings, Yemen, Italy, and Ireland. She is als
o consultant Egyptologist for Harrogate Museums and Arts. Fletcher makes regular television appearances, most recently as the lead investigator in the History Channel series Mummy Forensics. She is the author of numerous articles and books, including The Search for Nefertiti; Alexander the Great: Son of the Gods; Egypt’s Sun King: Amenhotep III; and Oils and Perfumes of Ancient Egypt. She has also contributed to several guidebooks and to the BBC’s History website, and she lectures widely. She lives in York, England.
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THE SEARCH FOR NEFERTITI
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Copyright
CLEOPATRA THE GREAT. Copyright © 2008 by Joann Fletcher. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the nonexclusive, nontransferable right to access and read the text of this e-book on-screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, downloaded, decompiled, reverse-engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of HarperCollins e-books.
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