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SEARCHABLE TERMS
The pagination of this electronic edition does not match the edition from which it was created. To locate a specific passage, please use the search feature of your e-book reader.
‘active’ citizens, 147, 153
Adélaïde, Daughter of France, 119
Aiguillon, Armand, Duc d’, 42, 94
Alembert, Jean le Rond d’, 29, 205
Aligre, Étienne d’, 38, 305
Amar, J. A. B., 229, 242, 305
Ancients, Council of, 282, 297, 298, 299, 302
army, its state in 1792, 145; conscription, 216; purges demanded, 168, 215; mood of, 295
Artois, Charles, Comte d’, later King Charles X (1757–1836), 162; personality, 25, 305; and Third Estate, 60; at séance royale, 61, 62; flees abroad, 89; his colour, 90; counter-revolutionary, 117; advocates war, 143; later life, 305
Assembly of Notables, 38, 39, 44
Auch, Martin d’, 60
Augeard, 95, 305
Augereau, Pierre-François, 297, 305
Austria, Declaration of Pillnitz, 143; France at war with, 145, 202; battle of Jemappes, 193; battle of Fleurus, 257; defeated, and Treaty of Campo-Formio, 296
Ayen, Duchesse d’, 247
Azéma, Michel, 159
Babeuf, François-Noel, called Gracchus Babeuf (1760–97), 293–4
Bailly, Jean-Sylvain (1736–93), and Estates General debates, 53, 58; and National Assembly, 60; seeks admission to séance royale, 60; supports Mirabeau, 62; on enthusiasm in Paris, 87, 89; Mayor of Paris, 88; on popularity of Louis XVI, 91; on state of anarchy, 92; confronts mob at Tuileries, 118; and flight of royal family, 124; monarchien, 133; and Champ de Mars massacre, 135; ultimate fate, 135, 142; execution, 224–5
bals des victimes, 274
Barbaroux, Charles, 141–2, 200, 306
Barentin, Charles de, 40, 51, 52, 61, 306
Barère, Bertrand (1755–1841), 90, 271, 272, 274, 306
Barnave, Antoine (1761–93), demands recall of Necker, 88; apologist for murder, 93; and return of royal family to Paris, 128, 129; and Queen, 133; execution, 142, 225
Barras, Paul-François, Vicomte de (1755–1829), Terror at Toulon, 227; on fear of Robespierre, 254; and Robespierre, 258, 266; takes military command, 265; becomes reactionary, 271; and insurrection of Lepeletier sectionnaires, 284; and Bonaparte, 285; and journées of Vendémiaire, 286, 287; unrespected Director, 291; and ‘Conspiracy of Equals’, 294; and coup d’état of 18 Fructidor, 295; and Josephine de Beauharnais, 295; and Ducos, 299; and coup d’état of Brumaire, 302; resigns from Directory, 302; later life, 306
Barthélemy, François, 297, 306
Bas, Laurent, 213, 214
Bastille, conditions in, 71; prisoners, 72; governor of, 72–3; preparations against attack, 73; guns withdrawn, 74; storming of, 75–80; vainqueurs, 82–3; sightseers and souvenirs, 83; Brissot in, 137
Bayon, Captain, 125, 126–7
Belgium, 193, 257
Bernadotte, Jean-Baptiste, 299, 302, 306
Besenval, Baron de, 69, 70, 306
Billaud-Varenne, Jean-Nicolas (1756–1819), encourages septembriseurs, 176; on Committee of Public Safety, 217; attacks Dantonists, 235; deserts Hébertists, 235; and Danton, 236, 241; and Fabre d’Églantine, 243; and Robespierre, 254, 257, 260–61; expelled from Jacobin Club, 262; attacks Jacobins, 262; urges attack, 265; loses office, 271; brought to trial, 272; transportation, 274; later life and death, 306
Biron, Armand-Louis, Duc de, 145, 215
Blaikie, Thomas, 105
Boissy d’Anglas, François-Antoine, 276, 282, 306–7
Bon, Joseph le, 228
Bonaparte, Josephine, later Empress Josephine (1763–1814), 295, 301, 312
Bonaparte, Lucien (1775–1840), 300, 302, 304, 307
Bonaparte, Napoleon, later Emperor Napoleon I (1769–1821), Concordat with Papacy, 112; career and opinions, 285; appearance, 285; and journées of Vendémiaire, 286, 287; and Josephine, 295, 301; Commander-in-Chief in Italy, 295; Italian campaign, 296; loot, 296; his independence, 296–7; and Augerau, 297; and Egyptian campaign, 298; hero’s welcome in Paris, 300; character, 301; and coup d’état of Brumaire, 301, 302, 303–4; disastrous address to Five Hundred, 303; First Consul and Emperor, 304
Bordeaux, 34, 194, 228–9, 277
Bouillé, François-Claude, Marquis de, 121, 122, 127
Bourdon, Léonard, 265, 307
Bourienne, Fauvelet de, 303, 307
bread riots, 63, 91, 92, 96–7, 274; march of market women, 97–100, 101, 104–5; the ‘baker’, 105; 1789 harvest, 109; 1793 shortage, 216; rationed, 273; march of 12 Germinal, 274; ration reduced, 283, 292
Breteuil, Louis-Charles, Baron de, 64, 87, 88, 307
Brienne, Loménie de, Archbishop of Toulouse, 38, 39–40, 307
Brissot, Jacques Pierre (1754–93), 141; history, 136–7; advocates war, 138; pleads for King’s life, 184; and Robespierre, 210; condemned to death, 222; sent to l’Abbaye, 223
Brittany, Young on conditions in, 30; riots, 40, 194; members of Third Estate, 50; tactics by delegates from, 93; Bretons and Angevins, 112; émigré forces land in, 281
Broglie, Victor-François, Duc de, 89, 308
Brunswick Manifesto, 153
Buzot, François, 136, 224, 308
calendar, new, 231
Calonne, Charles-Alexandre de (1734–1802), 37–9, 308
Cambon, Pierre Joseph, 260, 308
Campan, Madame, 149, 155
Campo-Formio, Treaty of, 296, 298
Camus, Armand Gaston, 112
Carichon, Abbé, 247–8
Carlyle, Thomas (1795–1881), 223
Carnot, Lazare (1753–1823), on Committee of Public Safety, 215, 216; organizer of Revolution’s victory, 215–16; and Danton’s arrest, 238; and Robespierre, 254, 257, 260; and Saint-Just, 261; and Lescot-Fleuriot, 264; loses office, 271; spared, 279; Director, 291; and ‘Conspiracy of Equals’, 294; and royalist campaign, 295; flees abroad, 297; later life, 308
Carrier, Jean Baptiste, 228, 272
Cazalès, Jacques de, 49, 308
Chabot, François, 158, 308
Champ de Mars, troops encamped on, 70; massacre of, 134–5; 14 July celebrations of 1792, 151–2; mob demands King’s abdication, 154; Bailly’s humiliation at, 224–5; Festival of Supreme Being, 253
Charles X, King, see Artois, Comte de
Chartres, Duc de, later King Louis Philippe (1773–1850), 178, 194, 308
Chaumette, Pierre-Gaspard (1763–94), 230, 231, 244
Choiseul, Étienne-François, Duc de (1719–85), 122–3, 128, 308–9
Chouans, 281, 283, 285
Church, the, riches and power of, 30–31; abolition of tithes, 95; estates nationalized, 109–10, 137; Civil constitution of the Clergy, 111; divided over schism with Rome, 111–12; anti-clericalism in Paris, 117–18, 230; de-Christianization campaign, 230–33; reaction against de-Christianization, 233; Robespierre attacks atheism, 251; Louis XVIII’s promise to, 281
clergy, l
andowners, 30; and taxation, 40; and Estates General, 40, 45; and Third Estate, 53–5, 59; and National Assembly, 62; Civil Constitution of the Clergy, 111–12, 115; and Legislative Assembly, 136, 145; non-juring priests, 138; campaigns against refractory priests, 146, 151, 168; September Massacres, 170; in National Convention, 180; deportation of priests, 194; celibacy denounced, 230; attitude to new calendar, 231; and de-Christianization programme, 233; percentage of victims of guillotine, 248; transportation of priests, 297–8; oath of hatred, 298
Clermont-Tonerre, Duc de, 49, 109, 309
Cléry, Jean-Baptiste, 182–3, 186, 189, 309
Club du Manège, 300
Coffinhal, Pierre, 266, 309
Collot d’Herbois, Jean-Marie (1749–96), on Committee of Public Safety, 217; Terror at Lyons, 227; attacks Dantonists, 235; deserts Hébertists, 235; and Danton, 241; and Robespierre, 254, 260; expelled from Jacobin Club, 261; and Saint-Just, 261–2; and Lescot-Fleuriot, 264; loses office, 271; brought to trial, 272; transported, 274; death of, 309
comités de surveillance, 194
Commission of Twelve, 198, 199
Committee of Clemency, 235
Committee of General Security, and trial of Danton, 237, 242; and Robespierre, 257, 258, 259, 260; National Guard refused entry to, 263–4
Committee of Public Safety, authority of, 195; seizes Roland’s papers, 195; and Girondins, 199; attempts to subdue uprisings, 202; and Danton, 203, 214, 237; and Robespierre, 203, 211, 254, 257, 258, 259, 260, 266; meets demands of Enragés, 214; takes increasingly zealous measures, 215; decrees levée en masse, 215; and Terror, 225; recalls agents to Paris, 233; and Hébertists, 235–6; and Indulgents, 236; Saint-Just and Danton’s trial, 242; law of 22 Priarial, 245; and centralization of revolutionary justice, 246; spies, 255; proposed distribution of confiscated estates, 256; Robespierrists in, 267; reduced powers of, 271
Committee of Thirty, 42
Commune of Paris, formation of, 91; and National Guardsmen, 153; disbanded, 154; and September Massacres, 176, 178; Girondins attempt to overthrow, 198; and Robespierrists, 237, 263, 264; purge, 271; rioters demand re-establishment of, 276
Compagnie du Soleil, 272
Conciergerie, 173, 221, 223, 267
Condé, Prince de, 281
The Days of the French Revolution Page 36