American Settler Colonialism: A History
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Batson, Matthew, 173, 179
Battle of the Greasy Grass (Little Big Horn), 69, 139, 143, 174
Battle of River Raisin, 73–4
Battle of Tippecanoe, 72, 78
Bear River Massacre, 127
Bell, Franklin, 175–6
Bent, William, 120–1
Bhaba, Homi, 3–6, 13
Blackfeet, 136–7, 139
Black Hawk, 76–7, 85, 135, 138, 198
Black Hoof, 74–5
Black Kettle, 121–3
Blaine, James, 154, 156
Blue Jacket, 68–70
Boone, Daniel, 61–2
Borderlands, vi–xi, 1, 4, 14–15, 18, 20–21, 32, 49, 54–64, 72, 74, 79, 87–88, 94–96, 106, 127, 129, 145, 161, 172, 197
Braddock, Edward, 49–52, 69
Bradford, William, 32–3, 39, 64
Brant, Joseph, 58, 66–9
Bureau of Indians Affairs, 103, 119, 141, 164
Caddo, 42, 117–18
Cahokia, 23
California, 9, 27, 88–9, 92–4, 100, 103–4, 113, 123–4, 128, 134, 136, 150, 152, 161, 163, 185
Calusa, 26
Canada, 4, 7, 29, 66, 73–5, 135, 165, 198, 200
Captivity narratives, 11, 50, 91
Carlisle Indian Industrial School, 141, 187
Carolina, 38–40, 60, 77
Carson, Kit, 100, 130, 133
Cass, Lewis, 81, 116
Catawba, 53–4, 111
Cayuga, 38
Cayuse, 127–8, 134, 153
Cebu (Philippines), 173, 180
Césaire, Amié, xi, 2
Chaco Canyon, 23–4
Chaffee, Adna, 174–5
Cherokee, 40–1, 43, 53, 59, 61, 66, 75, 77, 79, 81–4, 91, 102, 111, 115, 117–18, 130, 163
Cheyenne, 120–2, 131, 135, 139
Chickasaw, 40, 42–3, 53, 70, 77, 79, 82, 102, 111, 118
Chief Joseph, 135–6
China, 42, 126, 146, 154, 158, 170, 184, 189
Chinooks, 134
Chivington, John, 121–2
Choctaw, 40, 43, 46, 70, 77, 79–82, 102, 111, 118
Christianity, see religion
Civil War, x–xi, 15, 87, 95, 106–13, 118–20, 129–30, 132, 137, 139, 143, 145, 154, 162, 172, 175, 197, 226 (fn)
Clackamas, 134
Clark Field (Philippines), 182, 184
Clark, George Rogers, 59–60, 62
Clark, William, 115, 135
Cleveland, Grover, 156–7
Coacoochee, 84, 89–90
Cochise, 131, 135
Cody, “Buffalo Bill”, 63, 186
Cold War, 12, 165, 183
colonial space, viii–ix, 4, 6–7, 10–12, 14, 20, 26, 32, 47–48, 55–66, 70, 72, 76, 78, 81, 87–88, 92, 99, 104, 113–14, 126, 133, 138, 145, 150, 155, 182, 190, 193, 195, 197–98
Colorado, 120–2, 127–9, 132
Columbus, Christopher, 25–6
Comanche, 13, 28, 42, 89, 92, 99, 102–3, 111, 117, 120–2, 130–1
Congress, U.S., 65, 67, 72–3, 80–1, 93, 97, 102, 113–15, 118–19, 122, 125–6, 128, 134, 140, 144, 157, 159–63, 165, 170, 176, 186–7, 190–1, 193–5
Connecticut, 38
Cook, James, 8, 147–8, 160
Crazy Horse, 135–9
Cree, 139
Creeks, 26, 40–1, 43, 53, 59–61, 63, 77–9, 82, 111, 117–18
Crook, George, 110, 125–6, 133, 139, 173
Crows, 137–9, 187
Cuba, 104, 153, 157, 168, 170–1, 179
Custer, George, 69, 84, 122–3, 138–9
Dawes Act (General Allotment Act), 114, 142, 159, 164, 169, 171, 187, 192
Declaration of Independence, 58, 66
Delaware (Indians), viii–ix, 36, 48–49, 54–55, 59, 61, 70–71, 111, 115, 117–18
Denmark, 160, 165
diplomacy and alliances, viii, 3–4, 7, 9, 13–15, 17–18, 23–30, 33, 35–6, 39–48, 53–4, 57–8, 62, 64–79, 81–3, 89, 100, 111, 114–15, 122–3, 128–32, 134–5, 138, 140, 145, 148, 150–1, 154, 161–4, 167–70, 179, 186, 190, 194, 199–200
see also trade and treaties
disease, impact of, 15, 24–33, 36–7, 43, 47, 53, 66, 71, 75, 77, 82–3, 97, 116, 123–4, 134, 141, 145, 161, 164, 173–6, 186, 188, 195
Doctrine of Discovery, 6, 9, 45, 67, 83, 200
see also law
Dole, Sanford, 155, 159
Dunmore’s War, 57, 62, 67
Dutch, 2, 8, 29, 35–6
Eaton, John, 80, 82
Erie (Indians), 38
ethnic cleansing, 1, 5, 8–9, 11, 15, 18–22, 48, 55, 61–4, 67–8, 73–80, 83, 85, 91–2, 103, 114–15, 126, 130, 133–6, 142, 202 (fn)
Evans, John, 121–2, 127
Fanon, Frantz, 2, 10
Filibusterism, 79, 103–6
Florida (La Florida), 26–7, 37–40, 60, 63, 77–80, 84–5, 133
Fort William Henry, 50–1
Fox, 42, 76, 117, 187
France, 22, 25, 28–9, 39–41, 45, 48–9, 52–4, 70, 75, 94, 114–15, 148–51, 161
Fremont, John, 100, 104, 133
French and Indian War, 45, 48, 51, 53, 55, 71, 79
Freud, Sigmund, 21, 120, 158
Fur trade, 28–9, 35, 37, 41, 43, 48, 57, 71, 133, 162
gender, 9, 19, 23–5, 29–34, 37, 43, 46–7, 52, 89, 97, 108, 115, 125–8, 152, 158, 161, 178–9, 197
males and masculinity, 3, 7, 10, 24, 30, 34, 37, 41, 46–7, 52, 79, 84, 89, 103–4, 114, 121, 128, 142, 152, 169
women and, 10–11, 20, 23, 29–30, 34, 38, 41–2, 46, 54, 75, 81, 84, 89, 97, 126–7, 142, 152, 156, 158, 178–9
genocide, vii, x, 5, 8, 10–13, 17–22, 30–5, 60–4, 67, 72, 74, 113, 117–20, 124–5, 129–32, 137, 140, 142, 146, 187, 197, 208 (fn)
Georgia, 39, 60, 77, 81–3, 92, 110
Germany, vii, 18–19, 109, 198
Geronimo, 133, 177
Ghost Dance (Sioux), 11, 143, 177
Gnadenhutten, vi–ix, 60, 74, 121
Grant Ulysses, 93, 109, 111, 118–20, 137, 140–1, 178
Great Britain (England), viii, 7–9, 27–36, 38, 40–2, 45, 48–9, 51–61, 65–6, 69, 72–4, 77–80, 93, 95, 105, 115, 147–50, 157, 160–1, 164, 198
Great Mahele (Hawai’i), 151–4
Guam, 146, 167–8
Haida, 160, 162
Hamilton, Henry, 59–60
Harmar, Josiah, 68–9
Harrison, William, 71–4, 76, 78
Hawai’i, xi, 145–6, 162, 165–8, 171, 179, 185–91, 194, 197–9
Asian settlers in, 154–5, 158–60, 189–91
spirituality, 147, 149
see also Kanaka Maoli
Hill, Daniel, 97, 101
Hispanics, 14, 20, 27, 85–90, 94, 99–102, 106, 123–8, 181, 187, 197
see also Mexican War
Historical distortion and denial (disavowal), 8, 11–13, 22, 23, 62–3, 67, 69, 80, 85, 100–1, 106, 156, 169, 185, 189, 199
Honduras, 105–6
Hopi, 130, 141
Houston, Sam, 91, 102, 108
Hukbalahap (Philippines), 182–3
Huron, 29, 38, 54
Idaho, 127, 136
Illinois, 67, 75–6
Illinois (Indians), 41
Indiana, 59, 62, 67, 69–71, 75
Indian Civilization Act, 140
Indian Removal Act, 63–4, 77–84, 115–19
Indian Reorganization Act (Indian New Deal), 140, 164, 187
Indians
children removed, 8–11, 18, 20, 47, 125, 140–2, 197
Mississippian culture, 23–5, 36–7
spirituality, 6, 11, 23–5, 31, 34, 39, 43, 55, 64, 71–2, 78, 81, 143, 177
as “vanishing race”, 4, 12, 35, 47, 64, 72, 81, 85, 113, 133, 135, 154, 162, 185, 189, 197
Indian Slave Trade, 14–15, 24–6, 29, 32–44, 50, 56, 88, 125–9
Indian Territory, 77, 82, 111, 114–18
Indian Trade and Intercourse Act, 116
Iowa, 75–6
&nb
sp; Iraq War, 175, 199
Iroquois, 13, 29, 36–8, 48, 56–9, 66, 128, 187, 194, 215 (fn)
Israel (Zionism), 4, 12, 18–19, 21, 198
Jackson, Andrew, 64, 68, 73, 78–84, 92, 103, 116
Japan, 146, 154, 158–60, 164–5, 182, 189, 198
Jefferson, Thomas, 56, 60, 67–8, 72, 77–8
Johnson, William, 57–8
Kalapuyas, 134
Kamehameha III, 149–51
Kanaka Maoli (Hawaiian Islanders), 145–60, 189–91
Kansas, 77, 107, 111, 122, 136, 172
Kearney, Stephen, 99–100
Kentucky, 57, 59–61, 68–70, 74–7, 108
Kickapoo, 60, 74, 102, 117–18, 142
King Philip’s War (Metacomet), 33–5, 38
Kiowa, 99, 102, 117, 122, 130–1, 137
Klamath, 133–6
Klickitat, 120
Knox, Henry, 68–9
Korea, 146, 154, 158–9, 183, 198
Lacan, Jacques, 3, 21–2, 158, 199
law, 6–9, 45, 54–6, 64–7, 75, 81–3, 90, 92, 100, 103–5, 123, 128, 132–3, 142, 145, 149–58, 184, 186, 190–5, 199
see also Congress, Supreme Court and Treaties
Lee, Robert, 100, 110
Lieber, Francis, 109, 172
Lincoln, Abraham, 88, 131, 137
Little Turtle, 68–70
Lodge, Henry Cabot, 157, 171, 176
Logan, 57, 67 Longue dureé, 2, 27, 29, 146, 157, 162, 199, 202 (fn)
Louisiana, 41, 79, 108, 114
Louisiana Purchase, 73, 94
Mahan, Alfred, 154–5, 157
Maine, 156, 186, 194
Manifest Destiny, 6, 9, 21, 67, 85, 93–5, 101–6, 113, 130, 134, 157, 162
see also religion
Maori, 8
Mascouten, 69
Massachusetts (state), 35, 38, 95, 148, 157
massacres, vi–x, 9, 19–20, 30, 49–51, 56–60, 64, 73, 76, 91, 96–99, 113, 120–25, 127, 130–34, 137–39, 141–44, 147, 174, 177
McGillvray, Alexander, 61, 68, 78
McKinley, William, 157, 168, 170, 174, 176, 178–80
Mexican War, 14, 87–107, 113, 123–6, 132, 145, 151, 169, 172–3, 175, 186
see also Hispanics
Miami (Indians), 68–71, 74
Miccosukee, 79
Michigan, 67, 75, 111
Miles, Nelson, 133–5, 139–40, 143–4, 177
Mindanao (Philippines), 176–7
Mingo, 49, 57, 67, 69
Minnesota, 137
Missions and missionaries, vii, 10–11, 27–9, 39–42, 61, 77, 81, 88, 100, 123–4, 134, 140–1, 146–9, 152–3, 163–4
see also religion
Mississippi, 77, 81
Missouri, 107, 110, 115
Modoc, 133, 136
Mohawk, 29, 38, 57–8, 66, 96
Mohegan, 33
Mohicans, 12, 29, 111
Molalas, 134
Monroe, James, 80, 94, 168
Montana, 116, 127, 135–8
Mosby, John, 107, 109
Munsee, 69
Narragansett, 33–5
Natchez, 41–2
Navaho, 26, 90, 99, 129–30, 136, 187
Nebraska, 93, 116–17, 138
Neolin, 55, 71
Nevada, 127, 136
New Deal, 140, 164, 187
New Mexico, 27, 42, 87, 93, 99–100, 121, 126, 128, 130, 133, 150
New York, 35, 38, 48, 59, 66, 95
New Zealand, 4, 7–8, 29, 151, 200
Nez Perce, 127–8, 135–6
Nicaragua, 104–5
North Carolina, 40, 77, 85, 110–11
North Dakota, 143
Northwest Ordinance, 66–7, 74
Occaneechi, 32, 38
Ohio, 54–61, 67–75, 95–6
Ojibwa (Chippewa), 54, 69, 75, 111, 137
Oklahoma, 77, 82, 115, 117, 133, 136, 185
Omaha, 116–17
Oneida, 38
Onondaga, 38
Opechancanough, 31–2
Oregon, 93, 113, 116, 124, 127, 133–8, 160
Orientalism, 3, 18, 176–7
Osage, 115–17, 122
Otoe Missouria, 116
Ottawa, 41, 49–50, 54, 59, 69, 74–5, 111
Ouray, 128–9
Paiute, 126, 128, 136
Palouse, 135
Pamunkey, 32, 111
Papago, 132
Parker, Ely, 111, 119, 140
Partisan Ranger Act, 107–10
Passamaquoddy, 194
Patuxet, 32
Pawnee, 116, 137
Penn, William, 48, 128
Pennsylvania, vii, 48–9, 53, 56–8, 74, 141
Pequot, 33, 36, 38, 111, 194
Philippine Intervention, x–xi, 15, 95, 167–84, 238 (fn)
see also Philippines
Philippines, 146, 154, 158, 165, 167–85, 197–8, 238 (fn)
Piankashaw, 69–70
Pocahontas, 30, 85, 126
Polk, James, 92–5, 100–2, 223–4 (fn)
Pomo, 124
Ponca, 116
Pontiac’s Rebellion, 54, 62, 125
postcolonial, ix–xi, 2–4, 12–14, 16–17, 22, 158, 165, 167, 181, 185–96, 197–98, 203 (fn)
Potawatomi, 49–50, 69, 74, 77, 116–17
Powhatan, 30–1
psychological explanations, 3–4, 20–2, 64, 81, 85, 101, 119, 134, 185, 199
fantasy, 4, 9, 12, 21, 26, 47, 62, 65, 87, 103, 106, 142–3, 169, 197, 199
psychic anxiety, trauma, 3–4, 20–2, 30–5, 47–50, 55–6, 64, 71, 74, 84–5, 107, 137, 177, 197–8
Pueblo Revolt, 28, 123
Puerto Rico, 153, 167–8, 186
Puritans, 32–5
Quantrill, William, 107–8
Quapaw, 115
Red Cloud, 138–9, 143
Red Power movement, 188–9, 193
Red River Wars, 130–1
religion, v–viii, 4–7, 9–11, 18, 23, 25–34, 38–43, 48, 58, 60–61, 63, 71, 73, 76–77, 79–81, 83, 89–96, 100, 106–08, 114, 119, 121–24, 134–36, 140–43, 146–53, 157, 164, 170–71, 176–77, 180–81
Euro-Americans belief in Providential destiny, 4, 6–7, 9–12, 21, 32–3, 39, 47, 55, 64–7, 71, 73, 80, 85, 87, 92–5, 101–4, 107, 113, 116, 130–1, 134, 143, 151, 157–8, 162, 170, 197, 200; see also Manifest Destiny
see also Missions and missionaries
Roosevelt, Theodore, 142, 154, 157, 171, 174, 176–8
Royal Proclamation, 54–5
Russia, 42, 145–50, 160–5
Sacajawea, 126–7
Sac (Sauk), 69, 76, 117, 187
St. Claire, Arthur, 68–70, 139
Sand Creek, 51, 120–4, 127–8, 132
Santa Anna, Antonio Lopez de, 91–2, 97
Schurz, Karl, 140–1
Scott, Winfield, 97, 100–2
Seminole, 40, 43, 79, 84–5, 118, 127, 171
Seneca, 38, 59, 74, 111, 119, 140
Seward, William, 154, 162
Shasta, 125
Shawnee, vi, 39, 49, 54, 57–63, 68–71, 74–5, 78, 102, 115, 118, 143
Sheridan, Philip, 109, 118–22, 131, 137–8, 171
Sherman, William, 84, 107–9, 118–22, 129, 137–8, 144
Shoshone, 126–8, 136, 139
Sioux, 11, 13, 26, 117, 135–9, 143, 171, 189, 195
Sitting Bull, 85, 135, 139, 143
slavery, African, 30, 36–7, 41, 64, 67, 70–1, 75, 79–81, 83, 87, 91–2, 105–6, 115, 118, 129–30, 148
see also African-Americans and Indian Slave Trade
Smith, Jacob, 174–5
Smith, John, 30–1
Soto, Hernando de, 26–8
South Africa, 4, 7–8, 12, 18, 21, 115, 172, 198
South Carolina, 40–1, 46, 53, 109–11
South Dakota, 138, 143, 188
Spain, 25–31, 39, 42, 52, 60, 65, 79–80, 84, 87–91, 94, 100, 104, 115, 123–6, 148, 157, 168–9, 176, 179–81
Spanish-American War, 13, 157, 167, 171, 186, 238
(fn)
Stevens, Isaac, 134–5
Subic Bay (Philippines), 182, 184
Sullivan, John, 58–9
Supreme Court, U.S., 80, 83, 186, 193–5
see also law
Tallahassee, 79
Tallapoosa, 79
Taylor, Zachary, 84, 93–101
Tecumseh, 71–8, 135, 144
Tennessee, 75–9, 91, 95, 108
Tenskwatawa (The Prophet), 71, 75–6, 143
Texas, 27–8, 37–42, 88–92, 102–3, 108–13, 130–1, 150
Texas Rangers, 91, 96–8, 103, 108, 130
Timucua, 39
Tlingit, 160–2
Tolowa, 124–5
trade, vii, 8–9, 13, 15– 24–30, 33–7, 41–54, 57, 62, 64, 71, 133, 136, 149, 162, 197
see also Fur trade
Transcontinental Treaty, 80, 94
treaties, 3, 9, 45, 66, 69, 81–3, 100, 115, 122–3, 128–9, 134–5, 138, 140, 151, 154, 194
see also diplomacy and specific entries below
Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, 82
Treaty of Easton, 51, 54
Treaty of Fort Jackson,78
Treaty of Fort Laramie, 138
Treaty of Fort McIntosh,69
Treaty of Fort Stanwix, 57, 69
Treaty of Fort Wayne,71–2
Treaty of Ghent, 73–4
Treaty of Greenville, 70–1
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 102–3
Treaty of Miami Rapids, 75
Treaty of New Echota, 83
Treaty of Paris (1763), 51
Treaty of Paris (1783), 61, 70, 79
Treaty of Paris (1898), 170
Treaty of Waitangi, 8
Turner, Frederick, 14, 16
Tuscarora, 40
Underhill, John, 33, 36
United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 18
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, 186, 200
Utah, 127–9
Ute, 42, 89–90, 99, 126, 128–30
Vietnam, 101, 175, 183, 190, 198
Villejo, Mariano, 100, 124
Virginia, vii, 30–2, 38, 53–8, 66–7, 107, 109, 111, 148
Walker, William, 104–6
Walla Walla, 135
Wampanoag, 33–4
Wappos, 124
War of 1812, 63, 71–9, 115
warfare
“American Way of War,” x, 1, 15, 20, 29, 70, 84, 87, 95, 119, 198–9, 202 (fn)
collective punishment, 15, 19, 87, 95, 98–101, 107–10, 119, 163, 172–3, 175
Euro-American indiscriminate violence and warfare, ix, x, 1, 4, 8–9, 15–20, 26–34, 47, 51–6, 88, 147–8
Indian indiscriminate violence and warfare, vii–ix, 6, 13–15, 20–25, 28–34, 41–43, 49–50, 53, 56, 62, 64, 69, 73, 76, 78–79, 89–90, 121, 127–28, 136–39, 197
U.S. indiscriminate violence and warfare, vii–x, 1, 15, 17, 19, 21, 59–60, 68, 71–73, 87, 90–110, 119–27, 130–37, 143–44, 162, 167–77, 183, 197–200, 238 (fn)