Acton, Lord, quoted, 313
Adams, Alva, 362, 364
Adams, Henry, quoted, 19
Adams, John, 239
AFL. See American Federation of Labor Agricultural Adjustment Act. See AAA
Albania, 390
Aleutians, 462
Allen, Frederick Lewis, quoted, 23
Allies, World War I. See World War I
Allies, World War II: war aims, 465; FDR as chief propagandist, 465; see also World War II
Amalgamated Clothing Workers, 216
American Magazine, 23
American Bar Association, 230, 301
American Car and Foundry Co., 148
American College (Rome), 215
American Construction Council, 85, 155
American Farm Bureau Federation, 184, 194, 303, 321, 351
American Federation of Labor, 52, 98, 121, 124, 154, 216, 276, 307; and Perkins appointment, 150; and Wagner Act, 219; and wage-and-hours bill, 311, 321, 342-43; C.I.O. split, 217-18, 302, 350, 417
“America First,” 176ff.; see also Isolationists
American Institute of Public Opinion, 445; see also Gallup Poll
American Labor Party (N.Y.), 287, 364, 377-78
American Legion, 80, 86, 166, 167
American Liberty League. See Liberty League
American Tobacco Co., 28
American Youth Congress, 417, 422-23
Amherst College, 230
Anderson, Marian, 393
Andrew, Abram Piatt, 20
Anti-Comintern Pact, 261
Antilynching bills, 198, 321
Ardennes, 419
“Arsenal of Democracy,” 457
Arthur, Chester A., 108
Ashurst, Henry, 294, 297
Astor, Vincent, 147, 211
Atlanta Constitution, 129
Atlantic, Battle of the, 464; see also World War II
Atlantic Charter, 459
Atlantic Conference, 459
Atomic bomb, 397, 469
Australia, 250, 462
Austria, 146, 353-54, 382ff.
Avery, Sewell L., 206
Axis. See World War II
Bailey, Josiah, 257
Baker, Newton D., 134, 137; quoted on F.D.R.’s development (1913), 53
Baker, Ray Stannard, 214
Baldwin, Stanley, 250, 256, 264
Balfour, Lord, 65
Balkans, 458
Baltimore Sun, 381
Bank holiday, 166; see also Financial crisis
Bank of the United States (1932), 115
Banking reforms, 166-67, 224
Bankhead, William B., 294, 307, 429, 432
Barkley, Alben W., 130, 309, 361-62, 379, 412, 427
Barnes, William, 37, 39, 498-99
Barton, Bruce, 448-49; quoted on masses’ love for F.D.R., 362
Baruch, Bernard M., 125, 154, 178, 191, 383; quoted, 178
Beard, Charles and Mary, 83; quoted on F.D.R.’s 1936 speeches, 280
Beer legislation, 168, 172; see also Prohibition, repeal
Belgium, 61, 418-19
Beneš, Eduard, 387
Benson, Elmer, 365
Berle, Adolf A., Jr., 154, 172, 383, 394
Bermuda bases, 440
Biddle, Anthony, 352, 394
Biddle, Moncure, 11
Big Three, 469-70; see also Churchill; Stalin
Bigotry, F.D.R. on, 102
Bilbo, Theodore, 214
Bingham, Robert W., 130, 176, 189
Bipartisanship, 61, 112, 114, 118, 120, 145-46, 183ff., 201, 278-79, 509
Bituminous Coal Conservation Act of 1936, 233
Black, Hugo L., 180-81, 302-3, 311, 369; Supreme Court appointment, 312-13, 315
Black, Van Lear, 99
Bloch, Maurice, 101, 102
Blue Eagle, 453; see also NRA
Boer Relief Fund, 20
Bonbright, James C., 117, 154
Bone, Homer T., 253
Borah, William B., 230, 317, 356; as isolationist, 251, 254, 260, 317, 392; in 1936 campaign, 270, 279; Supreme Court fight, 298, 302, 306
“Bossism,” 24, 31-32, 36-38, 41
Boston-Cambridge social circuit, F.D.R. and, 16-18
Boston Herald, 355
Boston Evening Transcript, 355
Boulder Dam, 227
Bowers, Claude, 261, 317, 356
Boy Scouts, 86
“Brain trust,” 153-56, 172
Brandeis, Louis D., 53, 155, 222, 230, 232, 294, 297, 302, 368
Brant, Irving, 301, 302
Bray, William, 119
Bremen, S.S., 395
Bricker, John, 366
Britain. See Great Britain
Broker rule, 183ff., 196-202
Brooks, Phillips, 10
Broun, Heywood, 243; quoted, 151
Brown, La Rue, 488ff.
Brown, Lathrop, 16
Brownlow, Louis, 344
Brussels Conference, 353
Bryan, Charles W., 94
Bryan, William J., 25, 98, 110, 156, 230, 337; 1896 campaign, 22-23; 1900 campaign, 23; 1912 campaign, 48; as Wilson’s Secretary of State, 52, 61; 1924 campaign, 92
Bryan, Mrs. William J., F.D.R. letter to, 110
Budget balancing. See Deficit spending; Economy
Budget fight (N. Y., 1929), 110-12, 501
Bulkley, Robert J., 361, 366
Bull Moosers. See Progressive party (1912, 1914, 1916)
Bullitt, William C., 305, 394, 416, 420, 439
Bureaucracy: legislative control, 370; presidential control, 370-74
Bureaucrat, F.D.R. as, 50-67
Buna, 464
Burgess, John W., 496
Burke, Edward R., 298, 317, 439, 509
Burke, Edmund, 237, 239
Burleson, Albert S., 55
Burlingham, Charles C., 440
Burma, 462
Burns Bros. Coal Co., 83
Business Advisory Council, 269, 326
Business attitude (1920’s), 85-86
Business regulation, 162ff., 325; see also Securities control; Trusts; NRA; Utilities regulation
Butler, Pierce, 230, 295
Butler case (U.S. v. Butler), 231, 233
Byrd, Harry F., 149, 370
Byrnes, James F., 166, 349, 427, 428, 429, 465
Byrns, Joseph W., 174
Cabinet, 148-50, 174, 420, 436, 492; see also “Kitchen cabinet”; “Little cabinet”; and under individual names
Cahalan, Dan, 39
Cairo Conference, 464
Camp, Lawrence, 362-63, 364
Camp, Walter, 67
Campaign methods, F.D.R., 32-34, 58-59, 74-75, 103, 118-21, 126, 140ff.; see also Elections
Campaign staff, F.D.R., 130, 140, 142
Campobello, 5, 18-19, 26, 48, 51, 67, 86-87, 498
Canada, 114, 115, 250, 277, 386, 435, 438, 471; see also St. Lawrence power project
Cannon, Joseph G., 31
Capone, Al, 83
Caraway, Hattie, 213
Cardozo, Benjamin N., 230, 231, 232, 368
Caribbean: F.D.R. visit (1904), 26; World War II, 436; see also under place names
Carlisle, Floyd L., 113
Carpenter, Terry M., 279
Carter v. Carter Coal Co., 233
Carter, Ledyard, and Milburn, 28
Casablanca Conference, 464
Cathedral of St. John the Divine, 86
Catholic: issue in elections, 37, 93, 102, 104, 129; voters, 108, 356; balance in Cabinet, 150, 436
Catt, Carrie Chapman, 270
CCC. See Civilian Conservation Corps
Cermak, Anton J., 147
Chahar, 261
Chamber of Commerce. See United States Chamber of Commerce
Chamberlain, Neville, 250, 353-54, 385-88, 390, 393-95, 399, 418
Chandler, Albert B., 361
Chanler, Lewis Stuyvesant, 29-30
Channing, Edward, 20
Chavez, Dennis, 202
Checks and balances, 19, 20
, 110-12, 114-17, 164, 174, 314; see also Judicial review
Chiang Kai-shek, 388, 464, 483n
Chicago Tribune, 241, 381, 439
China, 15, 248, 460, 483n; Japanese aggression, 176, 261, 318, 319; World War II, 353, 388; Yalta, 470
Churchill, Winston (U.S. novelist), 64
Churchill, Sir Winston, 51, 65, 354, 388, 415, 418, 437; asks U.S. aid, 420-21, 437; destroyer deal, 440-42; conferences with F.D.R., 459, 464-65, 469-70; quoted on Gallup polls, 458-59; on F.D.R.’s death, 471
Ciano, Galeazzo, 385-86
CIO (Committee for Industrial Organization), 217, 276, 307, 311, 449, 454; 1936 election, 286-87; 1938 election, 350-51; split with AFL, 217-18, 302, 350, 417
Civil Service Commission, 344
Civil Works Administration, 196
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), 169, 181, 242-43
Clapper, Raymond, 298
Clark, Bennett Champ, 48, 253, 272, 298
Class friendships and associations, F.D.R., 78
Class issues, 133
Class nature of 1936 election, 287-88
Clemenceau, Georges, 65, 68, 69
Cleveland, Grover, 9, 25, 36, 108 122, 154, 278; quoted, 245
Cliveden set, 399
Clute-Cooper story, 55
Cohen, Benjamin, 266
Colby, Bainbridge, 206
Collective bargaining, 181, 215-19, 220, 224, 462; see also Wagner Labor Relations Act
Collective security, F.D.R. on, 258-60, 262, 318
Collier’s, 23, 297
Columbia Law School, 23, 25, 230
Columbia University, 153
Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies, 439
Committee for Industrial Organization. See CIO
Common Counsel Club, 53
Commonwealth Club address, 142, 180
Commonwealth party (Calif., 1932), 201
Commonwealth and Southern Corp., 432
Communism, F.D.R. on, 365, 459
Communists, 70, 83, 351, 355, 369; attitude toward F.D.R., 243, 244, 279-80, 417-18, 449, 452
Compulsory military training, 61, 70; see also Selective service
Conference on the Mobilization for Human Needs, 278
Congress: Wilson’s relations with, 54, 57, 69-72; F.D.R.’s relations with, 51, 52, 166-77 passim, 185-91, 219-26, 234, 269, 327-28, 339-50, 367ff., 401, 417-18, 463ff.; sectionalism, 96-97, 221, 341 (see also Southern bloc); Supreme Court fight, 294-315; see also Senate
Congressional v. executive power, 20, 247, 309; see also Checks and balances
Congressional investigations, 86, 253, 301-2, 369, 418
Congressional seniority and rights, 340-41
Connally, Tom, 154, 298, 301, 302, 361-62, 461
Connery, William, 193, 219
Conservation, 31, 46, 75, 98, 121, 129, 155; see also TVA; St. Lawrence power project; AAA; Civilian Conservation Corps
Conservative tradition, 235-41
Constitutional development, political aspects, 498
Consumers’ Advisory Board (NRA), 193
Consumers’ League, 27
Conventions, nominating. See Democratic party; Republican party
Cooke, Morris L., 117
Coolidge, Calvin 69, 94, 176, 230; quoted, 141
Cooper, Frank, 55
Copeland, Royal S., 92, 101, 104, 183, 301, 341
Corcoran, Thomas, 266, 325, 346, 359, 364; Supreme Court fight, 294, 300, 303, 306, 309; 1940 campaign, 422, 436
Cornell University, 195
Corwin, Edward S., 301, 331
Cosmopolitan, 23
Coughlin, Father Charles E., 141, 345; early support of F.D.R., 184, 212-15, 222, 224; isolationism, 251, 399; 1936 opposition to F.D.R., 271, 279, 281
Council of National Defense, proposed by F.D.R. (1914), 61
Cox, James M., 154, 176, 383; 1920 campaign, 72-76, 80, 92, 247
Creel, George, 200, 298
Croly, Herbert, 155
Cuba, 253
Cummings, Homer S., 148, 166, 216, 293, 294, 296, 301
Curley, James M., 131, 132
Currie, Lauchlin, 325, 416
Cutting, Bronson, 149, 202, 496
Czechoslovakia, 354, 383-85, 387, 390, 443
Daladier, Édouard, 385-86, 393-94
Daniels, Josephus, 96, 98, 172, 445; as Wilson’s Secretary of Navy, 49-53, 60-65 passim, 75, 78; as Ambassador to Mexico, 176
Danton, Georges Jacques, 209
Darrow, Clarence, 193
Davies, Joseph E., 53
Davis, Elmer, quoted on F.D.R. 1932 straddles, 143
Davis, John W., 94-96, 206, 242
Davis, Norman, 249, 250
Debs, Eugene, 49
Defense Advisory Commission, 435
Deficit spending, 142, 143, 167, 245-46, 323-30, 416; see also Economy
Deflation, 171, 177; see also Inflation
Delano family, 4-9; see also below
Delano, Frederic A. (uncle of F.D.R.), 431, 502
Delano, Sara (mother of F.D.R.). See Roosevelt, Sara Delano
Delano, Warren (grandfather of F.D.R.), 7, 9, 483n
De La Noye, Philippe (ancestor of Delanos and F.D.R.), 7
Delaware and Hudson Canal Co., 8
Democratic National Committee, 71, 95, 148, 270, 374, 491; see also below
Democratic party: Warren Delano on, 7; F.D.R. joins, 25-26; N. Y. party (1910), 29-36 (see also Tammany Hall); Sheehan fight for N. Y. state control, 35-41; unit rule, 47, 72, 136; as reform party under Wilson, 53 (see also Wilson, Woodrow); 1913 N. Y. split, 56-58; F.D.R. attempts to reform state party, 60, 95-97, 109, 118-20; Eleanor Roosevelt and women’s organizations, 91, 99; Southern bloc, 96, 135, 137-38, 154, 175, 272, 321, 341-43; F.D.R. as state head, 106, 128-30, 141; two-thirds rule, 125, 131, 134-37, 270, 272, 503; F.D.R. as national party chief, 187-88ff.; 1936 disunity, 278-79; F.D.R. failures with rank and file, 347-50; see also Congress; Elections ; and below
Democratic party, nominating conventions: (1912) 48; (1920) 72-74, 91; (1924) 93-95; (1928) 99; (1932) 135-40; (1936) 271-75; (1940) 426-30; see also Elections; and below
Democratic party, pre-convention campaigns: (1912) 47-48; (1920) 72-74; (1924) 92-93; (1928) 97, 99; (1932) 123, 125-38; (1936) 271-75; see also Elections; and above
Denmark, 418
Depew, Chauncey M., 37
Depression: F.D.R. measures (N. Y.), 115-17, 121-24; F.D.R. on causes, 143, 145, 163; see also Hoover; Financial crisis; Relief; Recovery program; New Deal
Dern, George H., 149, 195, 232
Destroyer deal, 437-52
Dewey, John, 155
Dewey, Thomas E., 108; 1938 N. Y. election, 365; 1940 campaign, 422, 424, 434; 1944 campaign, 467-68
“Dictator bill,” 344-56
Dies, Martin, 308, 342, 369
Dieterich, William H., 309
Dill, Clarence S., 130
Disarmament, 179, 249-50
Dix, John A., 34, 37, 49
Dollard, John, 483n; quoted, 483
Doughton, Robert L., 348
Douglas, Lewis W., 172, 197, 206, 240-41, 246, 265
Douglas, William O., 266, 325, 368, 422
Dowling, Victor J., 40
Downey, Sheridan, 329, 362, 365
Draper, George, 88
Drought relief, 277
Dubinsky, David, 216, 217
Duffy, F. Ryan, 365
Dulles, John Foster, 108
Dunkerque, 419
Du Pont family, 206, 242
Du Pont, Pierre, 184
Du Pont de Nemours, E. I., & Co., 217
Dutch. See Dutch East Indies (below); Netherlands, the
Dutch East Indies, 462
Earle, George, 199, 202, 235, 366
Early, Stephen, 74-75, 86, 150, 201, 269, 346, 369, 376, 382, 398, 422; 1936 elections, 275, 278; Supreme Court fight, 297, 316
Eccles, Marriner, 325, 328-29
“Economic royalists,” 273-75, 282-83, 328
Economy: F.D.R. on,
125, 142, 143, 167, 172, 323-25; bill (1933), 167-68; see also Deficit spending
Eden, Sir Anthony, 354
Edison, Charles, 421, 424
Education, Office of, 345
Egypt, 462
Einstein, Albert, 397
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 464
Elections (local, state, national): (1896) 22-23; (1910) 31-34, 44-45; (1912) 47-49; (1914) 55-60; (1916) 62, 64; (1918) 64-65, 69, 92; (1920) 71-76, 91, 92; (1921) 91; (1922) 92; (1924) 92-95; (1926) 97; (1928) 99-104, 123; (1930) 119-22; (1932) 123, 125-45; (1934) 198-203; (1936) 270-78; (1938) 360-66; (1940) 424, 426-31; (1942) 465; (1944) 465-66
Elections (Senate), direct, 36, 38, 42
Eliot, Charles W., 19
Elks (B.P.O.E.), 126, 453
Ely, Joseph B., 131
Embargo. See Neutrality
Emergency Council, 203
Emmet, Marvin, and Roosevelt, 90
Empire State Democracy, 48-49, 56
Emporia Gazette, 124
“End Poverty in California” (EPIC), 200, 278; see also Sinclair, Upton
Environment, in development of political leadership, 482-85; see also Chapter I
Ethiopia, 227, 255-59, 262, 354, 385
European theater, World War II. See World War II
Executive Council, 174, 492
Executive power. See Checks and balances
Ezekiel, Mordecai, 325
Fair Labor Standards Act (1937), 311
Fairhaven, Mass., F.D.R. childhood vacations at, 5
Fala (F.D.R.’s dog), 329, 468, 471
Farley, James A., 118-19, 122, 213, 241, 310, 311, 344, 346; 1928 N. Y. campaign, 101; N. Y. party chief, 106; launches presidential nomination campaign (1930), 123, 126-30 passim; personality and methods, 126-27; 1932 convention, 131, 134-37; 1932 campaign, 140ff.; Postmaster General, 149; patronage, 187-88; 1936 campaign, 272, 276-87 passim; national party chief, 200, 202, 210; Supreme Court fight, 297, 303, 306, 309; 1937 recession, 320; 1938, 344, 346; purges, 362, 363; on Labor party, 378; presidential ambitions, 413-14, 425; 1940 nomination fight, 425-28, 431; resigns party leadership, 432, 436
Farley, Thomas, 127-28
Farm bill of 1937, 321
Farm blocs, Supreme Court fight, 303
Farm Bureau. See American Farm Bureau Federation
Farm policies, F.D.R., 41, 45-46, 47, 75, 102, 105, 116, 117, 121, 142, 172, 189, 267, 277, 351; see also AAA; New Deal
Farm Tenancy bill, 310
Farmer-Labor party (Minn.), 201-2, 278-79
Farmer-labor representative, F.D.R. as, 41
Farmers Union, 194, 303, 510
Fascists (see Hitler; Mussolini; Franco); F.D.R.’s views, 365, 385
Fay, James H., 364
Fear, F.D.R. on, 162-63, 208
Federal Emergency Relief Act, 169
Federal Emergency Relief Administration, 169; see also Hopkins, Harry; Relief
Federal International Investment Trust, 84
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