Means of Ascent

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Means of Ascent Page 83

by Robert A. Caro


  in Texan internal affairs, Stevenson’s concern

  see also campaign financing; campaign spending

  Montgomery, Ala., itr.1

  Montgomery, Gladys

  Moody, Dan, 8.1, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 15.5, 15.6, 15.7

  Mooney, Booth

  morality of the ballot box, 12.1, 15.1, 16.1

  1948 Texas campaign as study in, itr.1

  Morgan, Dr. William, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3

  Murchison, Clint, 12.1, 12.2

  Murphey, Robert, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 14.1, 15.1

  in 1948 campaign of Coke Stevenson, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.1

  on later life of Stevenson, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, 17.4, 17.5

  Nachlin, Harry, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3

  Nagle, John L.

  National Guard, itr.1, itr.2

  National Youth Administration (NYA), 2.1, 6.1

  LBJ as Texas state director, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 6.1, 11.1

  LBJ’s proposal for merger with CCC, 2.1, 5.1, 5.2

  NBC network

  Neff, Pat M.

  negative campaigning, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 12.1, 12.2

  rejected by Stevenson, 12.1, 12.2

  Nelson, Garrett H., 8.1, 8.2

  network radio, 6.1, 6.2

  New Deal, 1.1, 7.1, 12.1

  FCC attacked by opponent of, 6.1, 6.2

  LBJ and, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 7.1, 7.2, 11.1

  patronage and power in Texas, 1.1, 7.1, 11.1

  Rayburn and

  Stevenson and

  New Guinea

  New Republic, The, 6.1

  newspapers:

  campaign, 12.1, 12.2

  campaign advertising in, 9.1, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

  coverage of 1948 election in Texas, 9.1, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6 and n., 11.7, 11.8, 11.9, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.7

  coverage of 1948 results, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2

  role in old-style campaigns

  use of, in LBJ’s 1948 campaign, 9.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

  see also press and publicity

  Newsweek, 16.1

  New Yorker, The, 16.1

  New York Times, The, itr.1, 7.1, 16.1

  Magazine, 16.1

  New Zealand, Navy liaison to

  Nichols, Dorothy, 7.1, 11.1, 12.1

  Nimitz, Adm. Chester, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1

  Nixon, Richard M.

  Nueces County, Tex., 9.1, 13.1

  O’Daniel, W. Lee (“Pappy”), 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 9.1, 11.1, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

  campaign style of, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1

  demagoguery of

  as Governor, 7.1, 8.1

  in 1938 gubernatorial race

  in 1940 gubernatorial campaign, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2

  in 1941 senatorial election, 1.1, 1.2, 6.1, 6.2, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1, 14.1, 16.1

  in 1942 senatorial election, 2.1, 2.2, 7.1, 8.1

  and 1948 senatorial election, 7.1, 7.2, 9.1

  O’Daniel News, 12.1

  Office of Price Administration, 2.1, 6.1

  Office of Strategic Materials

  oil depletion allowance, 7.1, 11.1

  oil interests, Texas, 7.1, 8.1

  financial support to LBJ, 9.1, 12.1, 12.2

  LBJ’s 1948 campaign promises to

  lease fraud

  1940 campaign contributions through LBJ (to DCCC), 1.1, 1.2, 5.1

  1942 campaign contributions through

  Pauley (to DNC)

  old-age pensions:

  increased by Stevenson in Texas, 8.1, 18.1

  1948 campaign debate on, 11.1, 12.1, 12.2

  Old West-style politics, itr.1, itr.2, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1

  Oliver, Robert

  Oltorf, Frank C. (Posh), 2.1, 4.1, 11.1, 11.2, 14.1

  “Operation Rolling Thunder”, itr.1

  “Order 79” of FCC

  organization techniques, political, itr.1

  of LBJ, 7.1, 9.1, 13.1

  Osmers, Frank C.

  Owens, Wroe, n.

  Pacific theater, World War II, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1

  Paley, William S., 6.1, 6.2

  Palo Pinto Star, 11.1n.

  Paramount Pictures

  Parr, Archie, 9.1, 9.2

  Parr, George Berham (“Duke of Duval”), 9.1, 11.1, 14.1 passim, 14.2, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4, 16.5

  and LBJ: in 1941 election, 9.1, 14.1; in 1948 election, 9.2, 11.1, 13.1 passim, 14.2, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3

  and 1948 election probe by Masters-in-Chancery, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4

  Salas’ allegiance to, 16.1, 16.2

  and Stevenson

  Parr, Givens

  Path to Power, The (Caro), 6.1, 6.2, 9.1

  Patillo, Claude

  Patillo, Effie, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

  Patman, Wright, 1.1, 1.2, 5.1

  patronage jobs:

  dispensed by LBJ, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1; at NYA, 1.1, 6.3

  Rayburn and

  patrónes (jefes), 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 13.1, 13.2

  Pauley, Edwin W., 5.1, 5.2, 7.1

  peace movement, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3

  Pearl Harbor, 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3

  Pearson, Drew, 5.1, 6.1, 12.1, 12.2

  Peddy, George E. B., 9.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 13.1

  pensions, see old-age pensions

  Petrillo, James C.

  Petroleum Club, Dallas, 11.1, 11.2

  Petsch, Alfred, 2.1, 2.2

  Philippines, World War II in, 2.1, 2.2

  Phipps, Joe, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4

  Pickle, J. J. (“Jake”), 7.1, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 14.1

  pistoleros, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 14.1, 14.2

  Plyler, Dorothy

  Plyler, Sam

  Poage, Robert

  political power:

  in a democracy, itr.1

  derived from money, 1.1, 1.2, 5.1, 9.1, 12.1, 12.2, 14.1

  LBJ’s use of, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2

  see also influence; money and politics; patronage jobs

  politics:

  “end justifies the means” attitude in, itr.1, 12.1

  morality of the ballot box, 12.1, 15.1, 16.1; 1948 Texas campaign as

  study in, itr.1

  Old West (frontier) style, itr.1, itr.2, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1

  role of technology in, itr.1, 9.1, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 17.1

  substance vs. image in

  transformation of mid-20th century, itr.1, 9.1, 17.1

  see also campaign financing; campaigning; campaign spending; elections and political campaigns; money and politics; Texas: politics

  polling, political, 9.1, 12.1

  Belden poll results in 1948: Feb. 1948, 9.1; May 1948, 10.1, 11.1; June 1948, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4; Aug. 1948, 13.1 and n.

  cost of statewide poll

  private, 9.1, 10.1, 11.1, 12.1, 13.1; not done by Stevenson, 12.2

  scientific, itr.1, 9.1

  use in determining issues

  poll tax (and poll tax sheets), 9.1, 9.2, 10.1, 16.1

  financing by jefes and outsiders, 9.1, 9.2, 15.1

  receipts used fraudulently, 9.1, 14.1

  as upper vote limit, in Duval County election “counseling”, 13.1, 13.2, 15.1

  poll-watchers, 9.1, 11.1, 13.1

  Pool, Chub

  Poole, H. L. (Ike), 11.1, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4, 16.1

  Port Arthur News, 11.1, 11.2

  Porter, Jack, 15.1, 16.1

  Porter, Paul A., 7.1, 15.1

  Potter, D. Roland

  poverty:

  of LBJ’s youth, itr.1, itr.2, 1.1, 1.2, 6.1

  of Stevenson’s youth, 8.1, 8.2

  of Texas Hill Country, and LBJ’s efforts at aid, itr.1, 7.1

  Powell, Wirtz, Rauhut and Gideon

  pragmatism:

  of LBJ, itr.1, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 12.1, 16.1

  as justification for O’Daniel speech by LBJ

  of LBJ: origins of, 1.1, 16.1

  Precinct 13, Jim Wells County, Tex., 9.1, 9.2

&nb
sp; ballot box stuffing, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3; Salas’s admission, 16.1, 16.2

  first primary vote of 1948

  runoff vote, 13.1, 13.2; change of vote total, 13.3, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3; evidence gathered by Stevenson, 14.3, 14.4, 14.5, 14.6, 14.7, 15.2, 15.3, 16.4; fraud probe by Master-in-Chancery, 15.4, 15.5, 15.6, 16.5, 16.6, 16.7, 16.8; LBJ and evidence, 14.8, 14.9, 14.10, 15.7, 15.8, 15.9, 15.10, 16.9

  “The Senator from” label for LBJ

  see also Box 13

  Presidency, itr.1

  image damaged by LBJ, itr.1, 16.1

  LBJ’s ambition for, itr.1, 1.1, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 11.1, 16.1, 16.2

  LBJ’s use of

  presidential elections:

  1948, itr.1, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3

  1964 campaign, itr.1, itr.2, 16.1, 16.2

  press and publicity:

  LBJ and, 11.1; avoidance of reporters, as Congressman, 5.1; cooperation of reporters, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3; manipulation, 3.1, 11.2 and n., 12.4; planting of rumors, 5.2; self-portrayed war service, 3.2

  and 1948 election, see newspapers

  role in old-style campaigns

  Washington conference of Stevenson, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

  Price, Charles Wesley, 15.1, 16.1

  primary system, in Texas, itr.1, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 11.1, 14.1

  1948 primary, see Texas election for U.S. Senator in 1948

  Progressive Party

  public power, 1.1, 5.1; see also rural electrification

  Public Utilities Holding Company Act of 1935,

  Quill, Daniel, 12.1, 13.1, 13.2

  racial discrimination, itr.1, 8.1

  radio:

  FCC regulation of, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

  LBJ’s stations, itr.1, 6.1, 6.2; see also KTBC

  O’Daniel slot and speech, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

  role in political campaigns, itr.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 9.1, 11.1, 12.1, 17.1; advertising, itr.2, 9.2, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5; high cost of, 12.6; in LBJ’s 1948 race, 9.3, 10.1, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 11.8, 11.9, 11.10, 11.11, 11.12, 11.13, 12.7, 12.8, 12.9, 12.10, 12.11; in Stevenson’s 1948 race, 10.2, 11.14, 12.12

  Texas State Quality Network

  Rainey, Homer

  Ramsey, Ben

  Rather, Mary, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.1, 12.2, 14.1, 16.1

  Rayburn, Sam, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 6.1, 7.1

  “Board of Education” of, 1.1, 1.2, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3

  career in House of Representatives

  and FCC

  and FDR’s death

  and LBJ, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 15.1; committee assignments, 7.6; in FCC matters, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3; “professional son” relationship, 7.7

  and New Deal

  and Truman, 7.1, 7.2, 15.1

  Raymond, Manuel, 9.1, 9.2, 11.1, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 16.1

  reactionaries, Texan

  Read, W. O.

  Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC), 6.1, 7.1

  Reeb, James J., itr.1, itr.2, itr.3

  Reedy, George

  regulatory agencies, federal 90,; see also Federal Communications Commission; government regulation

  Reilley, Wallace

  Renfro, Connie C., 15.1, 15.2

  Republican Party:

  in control of House

  in control of Senate

  Richardson, Sid, 6.1, 6.2, 12.1, 12.2

  Rio Grande Valley, 6.1, 9.1, 13.1, 14.1; see also “Valley” country

  road system, Texas:

  farm-to-market, 8.1, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1

  highways, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 12.1

  Roberts, Jack

  Roberts, Morris, 11.1, 12.1

  Roberts County, Tex., 13.1

  Robinson, Ann Durrum, in

  Roosevelt, Elliott

  Roosevelt, Franklin D., 1.1, 2.1, 5.1, 15.1

  death of, 7.1, 8.1

  and LBJ, itr.1, 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2, 15.1; appointment to South-West Pacific survey team, 2.5; backing in 1941 special Senate election, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 12.1; LBJ’s prodding for high wartime job, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4; question of 1942 Senate race, 1.5, 1.6, 2.9, 2.10, 2.11

  New Deal of, 1.1, 1.2, 11.1, 12.1

  support for Allred in 1942 senatorial

  race, 2.1, 2.2

  turned against Rayburn by LBJ

  White House circle of

  and World War II, 2.1, 3.1, 5.1

  Rovere, Richard

  Rowe, Elizabeth, 1.1, 1.2

  Rowe, James H., Jr., 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1, 7.1, 11.1, 12.1, 12.2

  Rowe, James M., 9.1, 9.2, 14.1, 14.2

  runoff primary of 1948, see Texas election for U.S. Senate in 1948: runoff results

  rural campaigning, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 12.1, 12.2

  “missionaries” used in, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

  rural electrification, LBJ’s constituent

  work for, 4.1, 5.1, 7.1, 11.1, 11.2

  Rural Electrification Administration, 11.1, 12.1, 12.2

  Russell, Richard Brevard, itr.1

  Sain, Hubert

  Safeway

  Salas, Luis (“Indio”), 9.1, 14.1, 16.1, 16.2

  and LBJ’s 1948 race, 9.1, 11.1, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 13.4, 14.1, 15.1; “Box 13” manuscript, 16.1

  in probe by Federal Master-in-Chancery, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4

  Salinas, Louis

  San Antonio, Tex., 6.1, 9.1

  1948 campaigning by LBJ, 12.1, 13.1; closing rally held in, 12.2, 13.2

  results of first primary of 1948, 12.1, 13.1, 13.2

  results of runoff, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 14.1, 16.1

  Truman campaign stop in

  West Side ethnic vote, 9.1, 9.2, 12.1, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 14.1, 16.1

  San Antonio Light, 2.1, 2.2

  San Augustine, Tex.

  San Diego, Tex., 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 13.1, 16.1, 16.2

  San Marcos, Tex., 3.1, 13.1, 16.1

  Saturday Evening Post, The, 16.1

  Scanlon, Brig, Gen. Martin F.

  Schmidt, Jacob, 6.1, 6.2

  Schreiner, Scott, 12.1, 12.2

  Schuetz, Leonard W.

  Seay, Harry L.

  Securities and Exchange Commission

  Selective Service Act:

  extension of (1942), 5.1, 6.1

  LBJ’s bills to amend, 5.1, 7.1

  Selma, Ala., itr.1–xvii, itr.2, itr.3, itr.4

  Shelby County, Tex., 12.1, 14.1

  Shelton, Edgar

  Sheppard, Morris, 1.1, 2.1, 7.1

  Sheppard (Morris) Air Force Base, 10.1, 10.2

  Sidey, Hugh

  Silver Star award, 4.1, 3.1, 3.2, 11.1

  Simmons, W. B.

  Small, Clint, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1

  Smathers, George

  Smith, Robert J.

  Smith, William Robert, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 16.1

  Smithwick, Sam, 16.1, 16.2

  Sneed, Jerome

  Social Security

  social welfare and justice:

  LBJ’s legislation, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3

  Stevenson’s achievements in Texas, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 17.1

  Truman’s agenda

  soil and water conservation, as 1948 issue

  Soil Conservation Service

  Soliz, Eugenio, 14.1, 15.1 and n.

  Solomon, Thomas C.

  Solomon Islands

  Southwest Texas State Teachers College, 3.1, 16.1

  Stalingrad, battle of

  Stamford, Tex., Cowboy Reunion

  Standard Oil Company

  Stanton, Frank, 6.1, 6.2

  Starr County, Tex., 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

  1948 first primary results

  1948 runoff results, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 14.1, 16.1

  State Capital Broadcasting Association

  state courts, LBJ’s use of restraining order and injunction against recount, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 15.5, 16.1

  State Observer (Texas), 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 13.1

  states’ rights

  an
d federal intervention in state election, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 15.5, 15.6

  States Rights party (1948), 14.1, 14.2, 15.1

  Steinberg, Alfred

  Sterling, Ross S.

  Stevens, Lieut. Col. Francis R., 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 11.1

  Stevenson, Coke Robert, itr.1, 7.1, 8.1, 17.1

  ambition of, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4

  attitudes of: toward government interference, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 11.1; toward labor, unions, and Taft-Hartley, 8.4, 11.2, 11.3, 12.1, 12.2 and n.; toward Mexican vs. black minority, 8.5

  background and early life of, itr.1, 8.1, 8.2

  belief in constitutional law and government, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 14.1

  character and personality of, 8.1, 8.2; dignity, 8.3, 8.4, 11.1; fairness, 8.5; frugality, 8.6, 8.7; honesty and integrity, 8.8, 8.9, 8.10, 11.2, 11.3; leadership qualities, 8.11, 8.12, 8.13; pride of, 11.4, 11.5, 12.1, 17.1; self-reliance, 8.14, 17.2; sense of humor, 8.15, 8.16, 8.17; simplicity, 8.18, 8.19, 8.20, 8.21, 12.2; sincerity, 8.22, 8.23; taciturnity, 8.24, 8.25, 8.26, 8.27, 8.28, 8.29

  children of, 8.1, 17.1, 17.2

  elections and political campaigns, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 14.1; aversion to, 8.3; campaigning on his record, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.1, 12.2; campaign style, itr.1, itr.2, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 9.2, 10.2, 11.4, 12.3; for County Judge, 8.10, 8.11; for Lieutenant Governor (1938, 1940), 8.12, 8.13, 8.14, 8.15, 9.3; 1942 gubernatorial race, 8.16, 8.17; 1944 gubernatorial race, itr.3, 8.18; 1948 senatorial, see Texas election for U.S. Senator in 1948; for State legislature, 8.19, 8.20, 8.21; view of platforms and campaign promises, 8.22, 8.23, 8.24, 8.25, 11.5

  as embodiment of Old West, itr.1, itr.2, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 11.1, 14.1

  federal court suit against LBJ, 15.1, 15.2; in Supreme Court, 15.3, 15.4

  as lawyer, 8.1, 8.2, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3

  a legend in Texas (“Mr. Texas”), itr.1, 7.1, 8.1, 11.1, 17.1

  legislative record of, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 12.1; anti-union, 8.4; fiscal controls, 8.5; prison reform, 8.6, 18.1; social reforms, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 18.2; state agency reorganization, 8.10; taxation, 8.11

  marriages of:

  first (Fay), 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5

  second (Teeney), 17.1, 17.2, 17.3

  nicknames for, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3

  at 1948 Texas State Democratic Convention, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3

  philosophy of, itr.1, 8.1, 8.2, 14.1; belief in law and justice, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 14.2, 15.1, 15.2; conservatism, itr.2, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8, 12.1, 17.1, 18.1; idealism, itr.3; individualism, itr.4, 8.9, 8.10, 8.11, 8.12, 8.13; Jeffersonianism, itr.5, 8.14, 8.15; love

  for government, not politics, 8.1, 8.2, 11.1; love of liberty, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6

  physical appearance, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4

 

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