Children of Nazis
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2. Bar-On, Dan, L’Héritage du silence. Rencontres avec des enfants du III Reich, preface by André Lévy, translated to French by F. Simon-Duneau, Paris, L’Harmattan, 2005, 191–193.
3. Gold, Tanya, “The Sins of Their Fathers,” The Guardian, August 5, 2008, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/aug/06/judaism.secondworldwar.
4. Weber, Anne, Vaterland, Paris: Seuil, 2015.
5. Glass, Suzanne, “‘Adolf Eichmann is a Historical Figure to Me.’ Ricardo Eichmann speaks to Suzanne Glass about growing up the fatherless son of the Nazi war criminal hanged in Israel,” The Independent, August 6, 1995.
6. Gilbert, G. M., Nuremberg Diary, New York: Farrar, Straus, 1947, 258.
7. Arendt, Hannah, Eichmann in Jerusalem, New York: Viking, 1964, 16.
8. Levi, Primo, “Primo Levi’s Heartbreaking, Heroic Answers to the Most Common Questions He Was Asked About ‘Survival in Auschwitz,’” The New Republic, February 17, 1986, https://newrepublic.com/article/119959/interview-primo-levi-survival-auschwitz.
9. Arendt, Eichmann in Jerusalem, 134.
10. Ibid., 129.
11. Ibid., 134, 129.
12. Ibid., 16.
13. Ibid., 134.
14. Ibid., 17.
15. Ibid., 134.
16. Ibid., 26.
17. Ibid., 16.
18. Breitman, Richard, The Architect of Genocide: Himmler and the Final Solution, Hanover/London: Brandeis University Press, 1991, 243.
19. Welzer, Harald, Les Exécuteurs: Des hommes normaux aux meurtriers de masse, Paris: Gallimard, 2007, 42.
20. Gun, Nerin E., “Les enfants au nom maudit,” Historia 241, December 1966, 55.
21. Speer, Albert, Inside the Third Reich. Memoirs by Albert Speer, trans. Richard and Clara Winston, New York: Macmillan, 1970, 92.
Gudrun Himler
1. Kershaw, Ian, Hitler, 1889–1936: Hubris, New York: Norton, 2000, 568.
2. A Waffen-SS division recruited from foreign volunteers.
3. Gun, “Les enfants,” 48.
4. Ibid., 55.
5. Himmler, Katrin and Michael Wildt, Heinrich Himmler d’apres sa correspondence avec sa femme, 1927–1945, Paris: Plon, 2014.
6. Himmler and Wildt, Heinrich Himmler d’apres sa correspondence avec sa femme, 189
7. Welzer, Les Exécuteurs, 184.
8. Lebert, Stephan and Norbert, Car tu portes mon nom: Enfants de dirigeants Nazis, ils temoignent, Paris: Plon, 2002, 38.
9. Longerich, Peter, Heinrich Himmler, trans. Jeremy Noakes and Lesley Sharpe, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012, 42–43.
10. Himmler and Wildt, Heinrich Himmler d’apres sa correspondence avec sa femme, 83.
11. Ibid., 13.
12. Journal of Margarete Himmler, dated January 30, 1940, USHMM, Acc.1999.A.0092.
13. Speer, Inside the Third Reich.
14. Kersten, Felix, The Memoirs of Doctor Felix Kersten, trans. Dr. Ernst Morwitz, New York: Doubleday, 1947.
15. Longerich, Heinrich Himmler, 376.
16. Fest, Joachim C., The Face of the Third Reich: Portraits of the Nazi Leadership, trans. Michael Bullock, New York: Da Capo Press, 1999, 271.
17. Sigmund, Anna Maria, Les Femmes du III Reich, Paris: Jean-Clause Lattès, 2004, 28.
18. Himmler’s speech at Bad Tölz on February 18, 1937.
19. Moors, Markus and Moritz Pfeiffer, Heinrich Himmlers Taschenkalender 1940, Paderborn: Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, 2013.
20. Journal of Margarete Himmler, dated May 3, 1939, USHMM, Acc.1999.A.0092.
21. Ibid.
22. Himmler, Katrin, The Himmler Brothers: A German Family History, trans. Michael Mitchell, London: Pan Books, 2008, 254.
23. Interrogation Records Prepared for War Crimes Proceedings at Nuremberg, 1945–1947, Content Source: NARA- Source Publication Year: 1984 - National Archives Catalog ID: 647749, National Archives Catalog Title: Reports, Interrogations, and Other Records Received from Various Allied Military Agencies, 1945–1948, Record Name: Himmler, Margarete.
24. Journal of Margarete Himmler, dated May 1, 1942, USHMM, Acc.1999.A.0092.
25. Ibid., March 7, 1940.
26. Interrogation Records Prepared for War Crimes Proceedings at Nuremberg, 1945–1947, Content Source: NARA, National Archives Catalog Title: Reports, Interrogations, and Other Records Received from Various Allied Military Agencies, 1945–1948, Publication Declassified: a: NND 760050 (1945–1949); NDD 760050 (1945–1949) | b: NARA | d: 1976 – Roll: 0006, Record Name: Himmler, Gudrun.
27. Ibid., May 18, 1940.
28. Ibid., September 6, 1943.
29. “Insight into the Orderly World of a Mass Murderer,” Die Welt, January 25, 2014, https://www.welt.de/geschichte/himmler/article124223862/Insight-into-the-orderly-world-of-a-mass-murderer.html.
30. Ibid.
31. Himmler and Wildt, Heinrich Himmler d’apres sa correspondence avec sa femme, 279.
32. Ibid., 274.
33. Interrogation Records Prepared for War Crimes Proceedings at Nuremberg 1945–1947. Record Name: Margret Himmler.
34. Himmler and Wildt, Heinrich Himmler d’apres sa correspondence avec sa femme, 297–298.
35. Interrogation Records Prepared for War Crimes Proceedings at Nuremberg 1945–1947. Record Name: Gudrun Himmler.
36. Ibid.
37. Gun, “Les enfants,” 48.
38. Ibid.
39. Interrogation Records Prepared for War Crimes Proceedings at Nuremberg 1945-1947. Record Name: Margret Himmler.
40. Gun, “Les enfants,” 48.
41. Interrogation Records Prepared for War Crimes Proceedings at Nuremberg 1945–1947. Record Name: Gudrun Himmler, 5.
42. Stringer, Ann, “‘No one loves a policeman,’ Himmler’s wife comments,” The Pittsburgh Press, July 13, 1945.
43. Interrogation Records Prepared for War Crimes Proceedings at Nuremberg 1945–1947. Record Name: Margret Himmler, 14.
44. Interrogation Records Prepared for War Crimes Proceedings at Nuremberg 1945–1947. Record Name: Gudrun Himmler, 6.
45. Lebert and Lebert, Car tu portes mon nom, 144.
46. Gun, “Les enfants,” 50.
47. Ibid.
48. Lebert, Stephan and Norbert, Denn du trägst meinen Namen, Karl Blessing Verlag, 2000. US edition: My Father’s Keeper (op. cit.). French ed: Car tu portes mon nom (op. cit.).
49. Schröm, Oliver and Andrea Röpke, Stille Hilfe für braune Kameraden: Das geheime Netzwerk der Alt-und Neonazis, Berlin: Ch. Links Verlag, 2001, 47, 57, 191.
50. Sekkai, Kahina, “Gudrun Himmler, la ‘Princesse du Nazisme,’” Paris Match, September 6, 2011.
51. Himmler, Katrin, Die Brüder Himmler, Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, 2007. US edition: The Himmler Brothers (op. cit.).
52. Ibid.
53. Ibid, 306.
Edda Göring
1. Sigmund, Les Femmes du III Reich, 48.
2. Ibid., 45.
3. Lebert and Lebert, Car tu portes mon nom, 171.
4. Irving, David, Göring: Le complice d’Hitler, 1933–1939, Paris: Albin Michel, 1991.
5. Kershaw, Hitler, 1889–1936, 560.
6. Black, Conrad, Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Champion of Freedom, New York: Public Affairs, 2003, 697.
7. Speer, Inside the Third Reich, 259–260.
8. Ibid.
9. Fest, The Face of the Third Reich, 73.
10. Speer, Inside the Third Reich.
11. Göring, Emmy, Göring: Le point de vue de sa femme, Paris: Presses Pocket, 1965.
12. Irving, Göring, 230.
13. Feliciano, Hector, The Lost Museum: The Nazi Conspiracy to Steal the World’s Greatest Works of Art, trans. Tim Bent and the author, New York: Basic Books, 1995, 38.
14. Kersaudy, François, Hermann Göring, Paris: Perrin, 2010.
15. Kersaudy, François, “Goering doit être fusillé, mein Führer!” Le Figaro Magazine, July 26 2013.
16. Frischauer, Willi, Goering, London: Odhams Press, 1951, 265.
17. Göring, Le point de vue de sa femme, 180.
18. Ibid., 178–179 .
19. Kersaudy, Hermann Göring.
20. Alexander Historical Auctions, Sale 47, Lot 49.
21. Manvell, Roger and Heinrich Fraenkel, Goering: The Rise and Fall of the Notorious Nazi Leader, London: Frontline, 2011, 396.
22. Bevan, Ian, “Frau Goering Secretly Held in Gaol,” Sydney Morning Herald, November 20, 1945, 3.
23. Lebert and Lebert, Car tu portes mon nom, 203.
24. “Frau Goering Weeps: ‘Bombing of Civilians is Terrible,’” Argus, July 14, 1945, 5.
25. Old Norse legends.
26. Kersaudy, Hermann Göring.
27. Ibid.
28. Göring, Le point de vue de sa femme, 229.
29. Sigmund, Les Femmes du III Reich, 98.
30. Kersaudy, Hermann Göring, 743.
31. Göring, Le point de vue de sa femme, 227.
32. Manvell and Fraenkel, Goering, 322
33. Göring, Le point de vue de sa femme, 230.
34. Frank, Niklas, Meine deutsche Mutter, Munich: Goldmann, 2006.
35. Letter from Emmy Göring, dated October 31, 1947, EMSO, 1048, Bayeriches Hauptstaadtsarchiv, Munich.
36. Göring, Le point de vue de sa femme, 245.
37. Auerbach, June 30, 1949, EMSO, 1048, Bayeriches Hauptstaadtsarchiv, Munich.
38. Kershaw, Hitler, 254–255
39. Gun, “Les enfants,” 52.
40. Posner, Gerald, Hitler’s Children: Sons and Daughters of Leaders of the Third Reich Talk about Their Fathers and Themselves, New York: Random House, 1991.
41. Cojean, Annick, “Les mémoires du Shoah,” Le Monde, April 29, 1995.
42. Morin, Roc, “An Interview with Nazi Leader Hermann Göring’s Great-Niece: How do you cope with evil ancestry?” The Atlantic, October 16, 2013.
43. Elkins, Ruth, “Nazi Descendents: Mattias Göring Goes Kosher,” Der Spiegel Online International, May 10, 2006.
Wolf R. Hess
1. Irving, David, Hess: The Missing Years 1941–1945, London: Focal Point, 2010, vi.
2. Speer, Reich, 175.
3. Irving, Hess, 4–5.
4. Hess, Ilse, Rudolf Hess: Prisoner of Peace, trans. Meyrick Booth, ed. George Pile, London: Britons, 1954.
5. Fest, The Face of the Third Reich, 193.
6. Ibid.
7. Kersten, The Memoirs of Doctor Felix Kersten, 65–66.
8. Irving, Hess, 37.
9. Ibid., 42.
10. Ibid., 37.
11. Ibid.
12. “Er spielte wieder mal den Toten: Gespräch mit Ilse Hess über Spandau-Häftling Rudolf Hess,” Der Spiegel, November 20, 1967.
13. Gilbert, 12.
14. Kersaudy, François, Les Secrets du IIIe Reich, Paris: Perrin, 2013, 160.
15. Ibid.
16. Interview with Wolf Rüdiger Hess: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ftWZgS75jDg.
17. Hess, Wolf Rüdiger, My Father, Rudolf Hess, trans. Frederick and Christine Crowley, London: W. H. Allen, 1986.
18. Hess, Prisoner of Peace, 48.
19. Gun, “Les enfants,” 51.
20. Irving, Hess, 330.
21. Cooper, Abraham, “Rudolf Hess’s Crime,” New York Times, May 1, 1984.
22. Hess, Prisoner of Peace, 83.
23. Ibid., 143.
24. Hess, My Father.
25. Ibid.
26. Hess, My Father.
27. Medical Research Council Report, FO 1093/10.
28. Kelley, Douglas M., 22 Männer um Hitler, Olten/Bern: Delphi-Verlag, 1947.
29. National Archives - M1270 - Interrogation records relating to the prosecution of war criminals in proceedings at Nuremberg, 1945–47. Record Name: Rudolf Hess.
30. Ibid.
31. Irving, Hess, 327.
32. Hess, My Father ; Hess, Who Murdered My Father, Rudolf Hess? My Father’s Mysterious Death in Spandau, Editorial Revision, 1989; Hess, Rudolf Hess: Ich bereue nichts, (Graz: Stocker Leopold Verlag, 1994).
33. Hess, My Father.
34. Ibid.
35. Ibid.
36. Hess, Prisoner of Peace, 126–127.
37. Manvell, Roger, Heinrich Fraenkel, Hess: A Biography, London: Granada, 1971, 189, 197.
38. Hess, Wolf Rüdiger, “The Life and Death of My Father, Rudolf Hess,” Journal of Historical Review, 13.1 (1993): 24–39.
39. Schmemann, Serge, “Hess Is Buried Secretly by Family; Son Is Reported to Suffer Stroke,” New York Times, August 25, 1987.
40. Posner, Hitler’s Children, 41.
41. Cojean, “Les mémoires de la Shoah.”
42. Lebert and Lebert, 86–87.
43. Mecklenburg, Jens, ed., Handbuch deutscher Rechtsextremismus, Berlin: Verlag GmbH, 1996, 299–302
44. “Nazi Leader’s Grandson Fined Over Online Quotes,” Reuters, January 24, 2002.
45. Lebert and Lebert, Car tu portes mon nom, 83.
Niklas Frank
1. Frank, Niklas, Bruder Norman! “Mein Vater war ein Naziverbrecher, aber ich liebe ihn,” Berlin: Dietz, 2013.
2. Frank, Niklas, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
3. WWII Nuremberg Interrogation Records, Hans Frank, fold 3.
4. Frank, Niklas, Der Vater: Eine Abrechung. Munich: Goldman, 1993, 117.
5. Frank, Hans, Im Angesicht des Galgens, Munich-Grafelfing: Friedrich Alfred Beck, 1953.
6. Ibid.
7. Noakes, Jeremy and Geoffrey Pridham, Nazism 1919–1945: Volume 2: State, Economy and Society 1933–1939, Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 1983, 200.
8. Fest, The Face of the Third Reich, 210.
9. Picker, Henry, Hitlers Tischgespräche im Führerhauptquartier, Berlin: Propyläen Verlag, 2003, 225.
10. Kershaw, Ian, The End: The Defiance and Destruction of Hitler’s Germany, 1944–1945, New York: Penguin, 2011, 214.
11. Schenk, Dieter, Hans Frank: Hitlers Konjurist und Generalgouverneur, Frankfurt: Fischer Verlag, 2006, 223.
12. Frank, Hans, Im Angesicht des Galgens.
13. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
14. Ibid.
15. Frank, Meine Deutsche Mutter.
16. Malaparte, Curzio, Kaputt, Paris: Gallimard, October 26, 1972, Folio, 99.
17. Frank, Bruder Norman, 64.
18. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
19. Ibid.
20. Ibid.
21. Malaparte, Kaputt, 99.
22. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
23. Ibid.
24. Frank, Der Vater.
25. Frank, Bruder Norman.
26. Longerich, Heinrich Himmler, 564.
27. Kershaw, The End, 214.
28. Frank, Bruder Norman.
29. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
30. Lebert and Lebert, Car tu portes mon nom, 127.
31. Housden, Martin, Hans Frank: Lebensraum and the Holocaust, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003, 151.
32. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
33. Gilbert, Nuremberg Diary, 21.
34. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
35. Posner, Hitler’s Children, 33.
36. Ibid., 33–34.
37. Ibid., 34.
38. Ibid., 34–35.
39. Cojean, “Les mémoires de la Shoah.”
40. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
41. Gilbert, Nuremberg Diary, 116.
42. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
43. Posner, Hitler’s Children, 34.
44. Lewis, Jon E., The Mammoth Book of Eyewitness World War II, New York: Carroll & Graf, November 11, 2002, 565.
45. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
46. Frank, Meine Deutsche Mutter, 416.
47. Ibid.
48. Ibid., 441
49. Ibid.
50. Ibid., 451.
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sp; 51. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
52. Ibid.
53. Ibid.
54. Ibid.
55. Ibid.
56. Ibid.
57. Schwabe, Alexandre, “Interview mit Niklas Frank zur Speer-Debatte: ‘Das ewige Herumgeschmuse der Kinder ist lächerlich,’” Der Spiegel Online, May 13, 2005.
58. Schwabe, “Interview mit Niklas Frank zur Speer-Debatte.”
59. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
60. Ibid.
61. Ibid.
62. Frank, Der Vater, 12.
63. Schwabe, “Interview mit Niklas Frank zur Speer-Debatte.”
64. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
65. Frank, Meine deutsche Mutter.
66. Cojean, “Les mémoires de la Shoah.”
67. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
68. Frank, Meine deutsche Mutter.
69. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
70. Frank, Bruder Norman.
71. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
72. Frank, Bruder Norman, 69.
73. Ibid.
74. Posner, Hitler’s Children, 21.
75. Frank, Bruder Norman, 83.
76. Posner, Hitler’s Children, 39.
77. Michaeslen, Sven, “Niklas Frank,” Süddeutsche Zeitung, no. 11, 2014.
78. Ze’evi, Chanoch, Hitler’s Children (Israel: Film Movement, 2012), DVD.
79. Frank, interview with the author, September 8, 2015.
80. Schwabe, “Interview mit Niklas Frank zur Speer-Debatte.”
Martin Adolf Bormann Jr.
1. Fest, The Face of the Third Reich, 127.
2. Bormann, Martin, Leben gegen Schatten, Patterborn: Bonifatius, 2000.
3. Sigmund, Les Femmes du III Reich, 19.
4. Speer, Inside the Third Reich, 146.
5. Fest, The Face of the Third Reich, 271.
6. Kershaw, The End, 242.
7. Rosenberg’s The Myth of the Twentieth Century was considered a foundational text of National Socialism and was the second most read book in the Third Reich after Mein Kampf.
8. Bormann, Leben gegen Schatten.
9. Ibid., 70–71.
10. Ibid., 49.
11. Bar-On, L’Héritage du silence, 188.
12. Ibid., 181.
13. Ibid., 190–191.
14. Bormann, Leben gegen Schatten, 83.
15. Speer, Inside the Third Reich, 96.
16. Bar-On, L’Héritage du silence, 192.
17. In 2011, the Austrian press published revelations that while he was a teacher at the school of the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart in Salzburg in the 1960s, Martin Adolf had repeatedly raped, sexually assaulted, and physically harmed a certain Victor M. Other students who were questioned in the case alleged that he had beaten them until they were bloody and, for one student, until he was unconscious. Martin Adolf vigorously denied these accusations.