by A. J. Baime
Grand Cross of the German Eagle, [>]
invasion of the Soviet Union, [>]
invasions of European nations, [>]-[>]
Kristallnacht, [>]–[>]
perceived impregnability of, [>]–[>], [>]
restrictions on profits leaving Germany, [>]
size of army in 1940, [>]
sympathizers with, in Detroit, [>]–[>]
unconditional surrender, [>]
use of slave labor, [>]
war with, FDR’s early recognition of likelihood of, [>]
See also Combined Bomber Offensive; Hitler, Adolf; Luftwaffe (German Air Force)
Nelson, Donald
on the achievement of American war production, [>]
on FDR’s singular awareness of likelihood of war, [>]
on home front production, 1941 to 1944, [>]–[>]
on task involved in war production, [>]
on US accelerated production strategy, [>], [>]
on US losing war to Germany, [>]–[>]
Neutrality Acts, [>]-[>], [>], [>]
New Deal policies, and industrialist opposition to FDR, [>], [>], [>]
New York Central railroad spur into Willow Run factory, [>], [>], [>], [>]
New York City
fears of chemical attacks, [>]
Hitler’s desire to destroy, [>]
The New Yorker, Knudsen profile, [>]
New York Post, on Joe Adonis, [>]
New York Times
on conversion to defense production, [>]
criticisms of HF in, [>]
on the Detroit Race Riot of 1943, [>]
on estimated worth of HF and EF in 1927, [>]
interview of HF in, [>]
on 1941 River Rouge strike, [>]
praise for HF’s role in war production, [>]
on wage increase given Ford employees, [>]
See also Brisbane, Arthur
North Africa, Allied victory, [>]–[>]
North American Aviation, [>]
nose turret for B-24, Arnold’s request for, [>]–[>]
Ochs, Adolph, [>]
Oerliken anti-aircraft gun, [>]
Office of Price Administration, [>]–[>], [>]
Office of Production Management (OPM), [>]–[>], [>]
Oiseau de Proie (Santos-Dumont’s flying machine), [>]
Olds, Ransom, [>]
Oldsmobile division (General Motors), production of artillery rounds, [>]
Olds Motor Works, Curved Dash Oldsmobiles, [>]
Opel division (General Motors)
building of trucks for the Nazi regime, [>], [>], [>]
plans for production of Allison engines at, [>]–[>]
Operation Argument, [>]–[>]
Operation Barbarossa, [>]
Operation Gomorrah, [>]
Operation Husky, [>], [>]
Operation Overlord. See D-Day invasion (Operation Overlord)
Operation Tidal Wave
Army Air Corps volunteer participants, [>], [>]
awareness of danger of, [>]
as Black Sunday, [>]
casualties, [>]–[>]
cloud cover over Pindus Mountains, [>]
confusion of battle during, [>], [>]–[>]
decorations and awards following, [>]
and the discomfort of flying B-24 Liberators, [>]
early warnings about, in Ploesti, [>]–[>]
fuel, bombs, and ammunition carried by B-24 Liberators during, [>]
low-altitude approach, [>]
lull before, [>]
return to Benghazi, [>]
secrecy about, and lack of information, [>]
training for, [>]–[>]
See also Ploesti, Romania
Orwell, George, [>]
Oskar II Peace Ship, [>]–[>]
Owens, Jesse, [>]
P-40 Warhawks (Curtis-Wright), [>]
P-51 Mustang, [>]
pacifism
America First group, [>]–[>]
Camp Willow Run, [>]–[>]
Lindbergh’s opposition to military use of airplanes, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
peace crusade, [>]
Packard Motor Car Company
factory, [>]
innovative automobiles, [>], [>]
McCauley as leader of, [>], [>]
production of marine engines, [>]
production of Rolls-Royce Merlin engines, [>], [>], [>]
Patton, George, [>]
payload, B-24 Liberator, [>]
Peace Ship (Oskar II), peace crusade, [>]–[>]
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, Japanese attack on, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Pearson, Drew, [>]
Pehle, J. W., [>]
Pendergast, “Boss Tom,” [>]
penicillin, [>]
Perry, William, [>]
Phillips, Reginald, [>]
Pioch, William, [>], [>]–[>]
Pipp, Wally, [>]
Piquette Avenue, Detroit, Ford Motor Company at, [>]
Ploesti, Romania
destruction of, in 1944, [>]
first battle over, [>], [>]–[>]
Nazi defenses, [>]–[>]
oil installations, [>]–[>], [>]
See also Operation Tidal Wave
Poindexter, Joseph, [>]
Poissy, France, Ford plant at, [>], [>]–[>]
Poland, invasion by Nazi Germany, [>], [>]
police, Detroit, during 1943 race riots, [>]–[>]
Pontchartrain Hotel, Detroit, [>], [>]
Pontiac division (General Motors), Oerliken anti-aircraft guns, [>]
Pratt & Whitney, R-2800 Double Wasp airplane engines, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Quadricycle, [>]–[>], [>]
R-2800 Double Wasp engine (Pratt & Whitney), [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Rabaul, Japan, Lindbergh’s military missions in, [>]
racial conflicts, racism
and the Detroit Race Riot of 1943, [>], [>]–[>]
within Ford, [>]
impact of war production on, [>]
long-standing, in Detroit, [>]
shown by Bennett, [>]
use of blacks as strikebreakers, [>]–[>], [>]
and wildcat strikes at Willow Run, [>]
radar systems, shortwave, [>]
Radford, VA, gunpowder factory, [>]
Rascher, Sigmund, [>]–[>]
rationing
deprivations associated with, [>]–[>]
and need for accommodations near production facilities, [>]–[>], [>]
raw materials
accelerating production of in the US, [>]
delivery by train to Willow Run, [>], [>], [>], [>]
and halting production of customer cars, [>]
importing to Ford factories in Nazi Europe, [>], [>], [>]
Rayburn, Sam, [>]
rear-engine car designs, [>]
Regensburg, Germany, surveillance photo from, [>]
Republic P-47 Thunderbolt “Jug” fighter-bomber, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Research Findings About Ford-Werke Under the Nazi Regime, [>]
Reuther, Walter, [>]–[>], [>]
Reynaud, Paul, [>], [>]
River Rouge plant, “the Rouge” (Ford)
Army-Navy “E” Award for Excellence, [>]
Bennett’s control over, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
HF2 and BF’s first jobs at, [>]
labor strikes and unrest at, [>]–[>], [>]
location and concept for, [>]–[>]
magnesium foundry, [>]–[>]
production of aviation engines, [>], [>], [>], [>]
production of Jeeps, [>]
production of parts for the B-24, [>]
production of tanks, [>]
protests against hiring of Lindbergh, [>]
response to EF’s death at, [>]
size and production capacity, [>]–[>]
See also Battle of the Overpass; Bennett, Harry; blacks; Ford Motor Company; Service Department
rivet
s, riveting, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Roberge, R. I., [>]–[>]
Rockwell, Norman, [>]
Rolls-Royce Merlin aircraft engines, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Romania, declaration of war on the US, [>]
Rome, Italy, fall to Allied troops, [>]–[>]
Rommel, Erwin, [>]–[>]
Roosevelt, Eleanor
concerns about racial strife, [>], [>]–[>]
on possible government takeover of Ford, [>]
recognition of war’s toll on FDR, [>]
support for labor unions, [>]
visit to Willow Run, 1942, [>]
on watching one’s child go off to war, [>]
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano
address to Congress, May 1940, [>]–[>]
appeals from Churchill for airplanes, [>]–[>], [>]
arsenal of democracy concept, [>], [>], [>]–[>]
“Arsenal of Democracy” address to the nation, 1940, [>]
and Bennett’s request to help stop strike against Ford, [>]
Casablanca Conference, [>]–[>], [>]
charisma and background, [>]
communication, collaboration with Churchill, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
condolence letter to Eleanor Ford, [>]–[>]
conscription act, [>]
D-Day prayer, [>]
death, [>]
declaration of “Unlimited National Emergency,” [>]
declaration of war following Pearl Harbor attack, [>]–[>]
discussion about leadership at Ford after EF’s death, [>]
emphasis on developing airpower, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
on the fall of Mussolini, [>]
50,000-airplane plan, [>]–[>]
first flight, [>]
focus on increasing war production, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
during Great Depression, [>]-[>], [>]
HF’s dislike for, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Lend-Lease bill negotiations, [>]
and mobilization of troops during Detroit Race Riot, [>]
physical decline, health problems, [>]–[>], [>]
recognition of the inevitability of war, [>]
relationship with EF, [>], [>]
response to fall of Rome to Allies, [>]–[>]
response to Nazi invasion of Western Europe, [>]–[>]
review of secret war progress reports, [>]
State of the Union Address, 1942, [>]
State of the Union Address, 1943, [>]
strategic differences with Churchill, [>]
Tehran Conference, [>], [>]
view of Lindbergh as Nazi, [>]
visits to production facilities, [>], [>]
visit to Willow Run, 1942, [>], [>]–[>]
during World War I, [>]
See also arsenal of democracy concept; military airplanes, airpower; war production
Roosevelt, Theodore, [>], [>], [>]
Rosenman, Samuel, [>]
“Rosie the Riveter” (Rose Monroe), [>]
“Rouge, the.” See River Rouge plant
Roundtable luncheons, [>]
Royal Air Force (RAF)
area bombing approach, [>]
and Battle of Britain, [>]–[>]
bombing of Ford plant at Poissy, [>]–[>]
propaganda leaflets, [>]
Saks, Leonard, [>]
salary
Bennett’s, [>], [>]
Bugas’s, at Ford, [>]
EF’s, as president of Ford, [>]
female vs. male employees, [>]
HF’s, as president of Ford, [>]
Knudsen’s, as defense commissioner, [>]
Knudsen’s, at General Motors, [>], [>]
Lindbergh’s, at Willow Run, [>]
Sorensen’s, at Piquette Avenue plant, [>]
of workers at Ford, [>], [>]
San Diego, CA
Ford production officials in, [>]
See also Consolidated Aircraft Corporation, San Diego
Sandusky, OH, gunpowder factory, [>]
Santos-Dumont, Alberto, [>]
Schmidt, Robert, [>]
Schneider, Henry, [>]–[>]
Sebold, William, [>]
security
during Casablanca meeting, [>]
and concerns about spies and Axis sympathizers, [>]–[>]
at defense plants, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
Selby, Norman “Kid McCoy,” [>]
Senate Committee to Investigate the National Defense Program. See Truman Committee
Service Department (Ford security force)
and the Battle of the Overpass, [>]–[>]
Bennett’s development of, [>]–[>]
black hires for, [>]
disbanding of, [>]
employees, [>]
as private police force, [>]
questioning of during FBI investigation, [>]
surveillance of EF and HF2 by, [>]
thefts by, [>]
use of intimidation and violence, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
See also Bennett, Harry
Sheldrick, Laurence, [>], [>], [>]
Sherwood, Robert, [>], [>], [>]
shipbuilding industry, [>], [>]
Shoumatoff, Elizabeth, [>]–[>]
Sicily, Allied invasion of (Operation Husky), [>], [>]
Sinatra, Frank, [>]
slave labor, [>], [>], [>]
Sloan, Alfred
attacks on FDR’s defense plan, [>]
at auto industry meeting in New York, [>]
defense of GM’s contracts with Nazi Germany, [>]
firing of Knudsen for working with FDR, [>]–[>]
power as chairman of GM, [>]–[>]
Smart, Jacob, [>]
Smith, Roscoe
on anxiety among River Rouge workers, [>]
on dangers of befriending EF, [>]
physical attack on by Bennett, [>]
studies of B-24 Liberator in San Diego, [>]–[>]
Sorensen, Charlie “Cast Iron”
appearance, [>], [>]–[>]
approval of plan for wing-carving machine, [>]
and decision to allow Ford-Werke AG to produce trucks, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
desire to build complete bombers, not supply parts, [>]–[>]
desire to produce bomber parts at the Rouge, [>]
and development of the first Model T and Ford assembly line, [>]
on the Double Wasp engine, [>]
dynamometer system for heating factory, [>]–[>]
efforts to make Willow Run plant more efficient, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
and EF’s request to bring sons into business, [>], [>]
fainting spells, [>]
on famous visitors to the Willow Run plant, [>]
on FDR’s visit to Willow Run, [>]–[>]
first visit to Consolidated Aircraft Corporation, [>]–[>]
and Ford production of aircraft engines, [>], [>]
at formal unveiling of Waco CF-4A gliders, [>]–[>]
impact of conflict between HF and EF on, [>], [>], [>]
impact of the firing of Wibel on, [>]
and production levels at Willow Run, [>]
and the Rolls-Royce Merlin engine contract, [>]–[>]
initial design for Willow Run assembly line, [>]–[>]
Lindbergh’s description, [>]–[>]
offers job to Lindbergh, [>]–[>]
power struggle following departure of, [>]
relationship with Bennett, [>], [>], [>]
relationship with Clara Ford, [>]
relationship with EF, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
relationship with HF, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
relationship with HF2, [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
resignation and departure from Ford, [>